# TRANSLATION of Debian Reference (tutorial) # Copyright (C) 2009 Osamu Aoki # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. # Translation by Osamu Aoki , 2009. # Partially referenced old translation of 角田 慎一 tsuno#at#ngy.1st.ne.jp for DR1 # All contents are carefully editting by Osamu Aoki. # 「(動詞等の連用形)+ます。」「(名詞等)+です。」調を採用します。 # 「する。」「だ。」調は避けます。 # --> 将来関西弁版をつくるための変換しやすさを取りました。（冗談です） # # 本訳は長母音表記は、1991年6月28日の内閣告示第二号をベースとしている。 # 英語由来のカタカナ用語において、末尾が-er、 -or、-arで終わる場合に # 長音表記をつけることが推奨するスタイルです。 # # 「2音の用語は長音符号を付け、3音以上の用語の場合は（長音符号を）省く」 # 旧来のJIS記述ルールを採用していないのは意図的ですので変更しないでくだ # さい。 # # 読みやすさ優先で、半角文字列と全角文字列の間には半角スペース挿入。 # :.,$s/\([^ -~、。]\)\([!#-~]\)\|\([!-~]\)\([^ -~、。]\)/\1\3 \2\4/gc # :.,$s/\( [^ -~、。]\)\([A-Za-z]\)/\1 \2/gc # :.,$s/\( [A-Za-z]\)\([^ -~、。]\)/\1 \2/gc # # Osamu Aoki , 2010. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Debian Reference v2\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-25 13:18+0900\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-28 09:30+0900\n" "Last-Translator: Osamu Aoki \n" "Language-Team: <>\n" "Language: ja\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Poedit-Bookmarks: 5630,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1\n" "Plural-Forms: \n" # 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type: Content of the xxencode entity #. type: Content of the xxencode entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:777 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xxencode" msgstr "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xxencode" # type: Content of the tex entity #. type: Content of the xz entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:778 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz" msgstr "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz" # type: Content of the yacc entity #. type: Content of the yacc entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:779 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacc" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacc" # type: Content of the yahoo entity #. type: Content of the yahoo entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:780 msgid "http://www.yahoo.com/" msgstr "http://www.yahoo.com/" # type: Content of the zeroconf entity #. type: Content of the zeroconf entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:781 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeroconf" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/APIPA" # type: Content of the zshell entity #. type: Content of the zshell entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:782 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_shell" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_Shell" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:784 msgid "en" msgstr "ja" #. type: Content of: #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:786 msgid "Debian Reference" msgstr "Debian リファレンス" # type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:787 msgid "<author> <firstname>Osamu</firstname> <surname>Aoki</surname> </author> <authorinitials>OA</authorinitials>" msgstr "<author> <firstname>修</firstname> <surname>青木</surname> </author> <authorinitials>OA</authorinitials>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:793 msgid "This book is free; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License of any version compliant to the Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG)." msgstr "This book is free; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License of any version compliant to the Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG). (日本語による参考説明: 本書はフリーです； Debian フリーソフトウェアガイドライン (DFSG) に適合するいかなるバージョンの GNU General Public License の条件の下ででも再配布や改変をすることを許可します。)" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:795 msgid "<copyright> <year>2007-2010</year> <holder>Osamu Aoki</holder> </copyright>" msgstr "<copyright> <year>2007-2010</year> <holder>Osamu Aoki (青木　修)</holder> </copyright>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:800 msgid "This Debian Reference (v2) (&build-date;) is intended to provide a broad overview of the Debian system as a post-installation user's guide. It covers many aspects of system administration through shell-command examples for non-developers." msgstr "本 Debian リファレンス (第 2版) (&build-date;) はシステムインストール後のユーザー案内書として、Debian システムの広範な概論を提供します。本書は非開発者を対象にシェルコマンド例を通してシステム管理の多くの局面を説明します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:804 msgid "Preface" msgstr "序章" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:805 msgid "This <ulink url=\"&debianreferenceversionc;\">Debian Reference (version 2)</ulink> (&build-date;) is intended to provide a broad overview of Debian system administration as a post-installation user guide." msgstr "この<ulink url=\"&debianreferenceversionc;\">Debian リファレンス (第 2 版)</ulink> (&build-date;) はシステムインストール後のユーザー向け案内書として Debian のシステム管理に関する概論の提供を目指しています。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:806 msgid "The target reader is someone who is willing to learn shell scripts but who is not ready to read all the C sources to figure out how the <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> system works." msgstr "本書が対象とする読者は、 <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> システムがどう機能するかを理解するのに、シェルスクリプトぐらいは学ぶ気はあるが、全ての C のソースまで読む気がない人です。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:808 msgid "Disclaimer" msgstr "免責事項" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:809 msgid "All warranties are disclaimed. All trademarks are property of their respective trademark owners." msgstr "一切保証は致しません。全ての商標はそれぞれの商標の所有者の財産です。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:810 msgid "The Debian system itself is a moving target. This makes its documentation difficult to be current and correct. Although the current unstable version of Debian system was used as the basis for writing this, some contents may be already outdated by the time you read this." msgstr "Debian システム自体は動く標的です。このため最新状況を反映した正確な記述は困難です。現行の不安定版の Debian システムを用いて本書は記していますが、皆様が読まれる時点ではすでに記載内容が古くなっているでしょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:811 msgid "Please treat this document as the secondary reference. This document does not replace any authoritative guides. The author and contributors do not take responsibility for consequences of errors, omissions or ambiguity in this document." msgstr "本書はあくまで二次的参考文献として扱って下さい。本書は正式の案内書を置き換えません。著者及び本書への貢献者は本書中の誤謬や欠落や曖昧さが引き起こす結果に一切責任を負いません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:814 msgid "What is Debian" msgstr "Debian とはなにか" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:815 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&debianproject;\">Debian Project</ulink> is an association of individuals who have made common cause to create a free operating system. It's distribution is characterized by the following." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debianproject;\">Debian プロジェクト</ulink>はフリーなオペレーティングシステムを作ろうという共通目的を持った個人の集団です。そのディストリビューションは次の特徴があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:819 msgid "Commitment to the software freedom: <ulink url=\"&debiansocialcontreguidelinesdfsg;\">Debian Social Contract and Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG)</ulink>" msgstr "ソフトウェアの自由へのコミットメント: <ulink url=\"&debiansocialcontreguidelinesdfsg;\">Debian 社会契約と Debian フリーソフトウエアーガイドライン (DFSG)</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:824 msgid "Internet based distributed unpaid volunteer effort: <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>" msgstr "インターネット上の分散型の無償ボランティア活動: <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:829 msgid "Large number of pre-compiled high quality softwares" msgstr "多数のプリコンパイルされた高品質のソフトウエアー" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:834 msgid "Focus on stability and security with easy access to the security updates" msgstr "セキュリティーアップデートへの平易なアクセス提供による、安定性とセキュリティーの重視" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:839 msgid "Focus on smooth upgrade to latest softwares with <literal>unstable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> archives" msgstr "不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> やテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブによる、最新のソフトウエアーへの円滑なアップグレードの重視" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:844 msgid "Large number of supported hardware architectures" msgstr "多数のサポートされたハードウエアーアーキテクチャー" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:848 msgid "Free Software pieces in Debian come from <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&bsd;\">BSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&x;\">X</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&isc;\">ISC</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&apache;\">Apache</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&ghostscript;\">Ghostscript</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&commonunixprintingsystem;\">Common Unix Printing System </ulink>, <ulink url=\"&samba;\">Samba</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mozilla;\">Mozilla</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&openofficeorg;\">OpenOffice.org</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&tex;\">TeX</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&latex;\">LaTeX</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&docbook;\">DocBook</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&tcl;\">Tcl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&java;\">Java</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&ruby;\">Ruby</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&php;\">PHP</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&berkeleydb;\">Berkeley DB</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mysql;\">MySQL</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&postgresql;\">PostgreSQL</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&exim;\">Exim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&postfix;\">Postfix</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mutt;\">Mutt</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&freebsd;\">FreeBSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&planj;\">Plan 9</ulink> and many more independent free software projects. Debian integrates this diversity of Free Software into one system." msgstr "Debian の中のフリーソフトウエアー構成要素は、<ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&bsd;\">BSD</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&x;\">X</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&isc;\">ISC</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&apache;\">Apache</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&ghostscript;\">Ghostscript</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&commonunixprintingsystem;\">Common Unix Printing System </ulink> や <ulink url=\"&samba;\">Samba</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&mozilla;\">Mozilla</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&openofficeorg;\">OpenOffice.org</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&tex;\">TeX</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&latex;\">LaTeX</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&docbook;\">DocBook</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&tcl;\">Tcl</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&java;\">Java</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&ruby;\">Ruby</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&php;\">PHP</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&berkeleydb;\">Berkeley DB</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&mysql;\">MySQL</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&postgresql;\">PostgreSQL</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&exim;\">Exim</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&postfix;\">Postfix</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&mutt;\">Mutt</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&freebsd;\">FreeBSD</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&planj;\">Plan 9</ulink> やその他の多くの独立のフリーソフトウエアーのプロジェクトに由来します。Debian はこの多種多様なフリーソフトウエアーを 1つのシステムにまとめ上げます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:851 msgid "About this document" msgstr "本書について" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:853 msgid "Guiding rules" msgstr "編集指針" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:854 msgid "Following guiding rules are followed while compiling this document." msgstr "本書の作成にあたり次の編集指針を守りました。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:858 msgid "Provide overview and skip corner cases. (<emphasis role=\"strong\">Big Picture</emphasis>)" msgstr "概論を提供し枝葉末節は省略します。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">全体像</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:863 msgid "Keep It Short and Simple. (<emphasis role=\"strong\">KISS</emphasis>)" msgstr "簡潔を心がけました。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">KISS</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:868 msgid "Do not reinvent the wheel. (Use pointers to <emphasis role=\"strong\">the existing references</emphasis>)" msgstr "車輪の再発明をしません。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">既存の参考文献</emphasis>へのポインターの利用)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:873 msgid "Focus on non-GUI tools and consoles. (Use <emphasis role=\"strong\">shell examples</emphasis>)" msgstr "非 GUI ツールとコンソールを重視します。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">シェル例示</emphasis>を使用)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:878 msgid "Be objective. (Use <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> etc.)" msgstr "客観的であるようにします。(<ulink url=\"&popcon;\">ポプコン</ulink>等の利用)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:883 msgid "I tried to elucidate hierarchical aspects and lower levels of the system." msgstr "私はシステムの階層的側面やシステムの低レベルを明らかにしようとしました。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:887 msgid "Prerequisites" msgstr "前提条件" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:889 msgid "You are expected to make good efforts to seek answers by yourself beyond this documentation. This document only gives efficient starting points." msgstr "本文書だけに頼らず自分で答えを見出す努力をしっかりすることを期待します。本文書は効率的なスタートポイントを提供するだけです。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:891 msgid "You must seek solution by yourself from primary sources." msgstr "一義的情報源から自分自身で解決策を探し出すべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:895 msgid "The Debian site at <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink> for the general information" msgstr "一般的情報は <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink> にある Debian サイト" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:900 msgid "The documentation under the \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name></literal>\" directory" msgstr "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name></literal>\" ディレクトリー下にある文書" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:905 msgid "The Unix style <emphasis role=\"strong\">manpage</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/man/man.*/'</literal>\"" msgstr "Unix スタイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">マンページ</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/man/man.*/'</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:910 msgid "The GNU style <emphasis role=\"strong\">info page</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/info/'</literal>\"" msgstr "GNU スタイルの <emphasis role=\"strong\">info ページ</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/info/'</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:915 msgid "The bug report: <ulink url=\"&httpbugsdebianorgpackage_name;\">http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name></ulink>" msgstr "バグレポート: <ulink url=\"&httpbugsdebianorgpackage_name;\">http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name></ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:920 msgid "The Debian Wiki at <ulink url=\"&httpwikidebianorg;\">http://wiki.debian.org/</ulink> for the moving and specific topics" msgstr "変化中の事や特定案件に関しては、<ulink url=\"&httpwikidebianorg;\">http://wiki.debian.org/</ulink> にある Debian の Wiki" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:925 msgid "The HOWTOs from The Linux Documentation Project (TLDP) at <ulink url=\"&httptldporg;\">http://tldp.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httptldporg;\">http://tldp.org/</ulink> にある Linux 文書プロジェクト (TLDP) の HOWTO 文書" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:930 msgid "The Single UNIX Specification from the Open Group's The UNIX System Home Page at <ulink url=\"&httpwwwunixorg;\">http://www.unix.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpwwwunixorg;\">http://www.unix.org/</ulink> にある Open Group の The UNIX System Home Page 中の Single UNIX Specification" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:935 msgid "The free encyclopedia from Wikipedia at <ulink url=\"&httpwikipediaorg;\">http://wikipedia.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpwikipediaorg;\">http://wikipedia.org/</ulink> にある Wikipedia のフリーの百科事典" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:940 msgid "For detailed documentation, you may need to install the corresponding documentation package named with \"<literal>-doc</literal>\" as its suffix." msgstr "詳細な文書を読むには、\"<literal>-doc</literal>\" をサフィクスとする対応する文書パッケージをインストールする必要があるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:944 msgid "Conventions" msgstr "文書様式" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:945 msgid "This document provides information through the following simplified presentation style with <literal>bash</literal>(1) shell command examples." msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>(1) シェルコマンドの例示をする次のような簡略化した表現スタイルで本書は情報を提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:946 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# <command in root account>\n" "$ <command in user account>" msgstr "" "# <root アカウントからのコマンド>\n" "$ <ユーザーアカウントからのコマンド>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:948 msgid "These shell prompts distinguish account used and correspond to set environment variables as: \"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\" and \"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\". These values are chosen for the sake of readability of this document and are not typical on actual installed system." msgstr "これらのシェルプロンプトは使われるアカウントを区別します。これはちょうど環境変数として: \"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\" と \"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\" を設定した場合に相当します。これらの環境変数値はあくまで本書の読みやすさのためで、実際のインストール済みシステではほとんど見かけません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:950 msgid "See the meaning of the \"<literal>$PS1</literal>\" and \"<literal>$PS2</literal>\" environment variables in <literal>bash</literal>(1)." msgstr "\"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\" と \"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\" という環境変数値の意味は <literal>bash</literal>(1) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:952 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Action</emphasis> required by the system administrator is written in the imperative sentence, e.g. \"Type Enter-key after typing each command string to the shell.\"" msgstr "システム管理者が行うべきアクションは命令文で書かれています: 例えば、「シェルに各コマンド文字列をタイプ後毎にエンターキーをタイプします。」 (必ずしも「〜しましょう。」とはせず簡潔に訳しています。)" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:953 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">description</emphasis> column and similar ones in the table may contain a <emphasis role=\"strong\">noun phrase</emphasis> following <ulink url=\"&thepackageshortdiptionconvention;\">the package short description convention</ulink> which drops leading articles such as \"a\" and \"the\". They may alternatively contain an infinitive phrase as a <emphasis role=\"strong\">noun phrase</emphasis> without leading \"to\" following the short command description convention in manpages. These may look funny to some people but are my intentional choices of style to keep this documentation as simple as possible. These <emphasis role=\"strong\">Noun phrases</emphasis> do not capitalize their starting nor end with periods following these short description convention." msgstr "英語では、テーブル中の<emphasis role=\"strong\">説明</emphasis>や類似のコラムには、<ulink url=\"&thepackageshortdiptionconvention;\">パッケージ説明の慣習</ulink>に従い、定冠詞抜も不定冠詞も抜きの<emphasis role=\"strong\">名詞句</emphasis>が入ります。これらには、マンページのコマンドの短い説明の慣習に従った頭の \"to\" 抜きの不定詞句が代わりに<emphasis role=\"strong\">名詞句</emphasis>として入ることもあります。変だなとお考えの方もあるとは存じますが、これは本文書をできるだけ簡潔にするための著者の恣意的な文体の選択です。(対応部分を文切り型の名詞句的表現に訳しています。)" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:955 msgid "Proper nouns including command names keeps their case irrespective of their location." msgstr "コマンド名を含めて固有名詞はその位置によらず大文字・小文字の区別を保持します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:957 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">command snippet</emphasis> quoted in a text paragraph is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"." msgstr "本文中に引用される<emphasis role=\"strong\">コマンドの断片</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" のように表現されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:958 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">text data</emphasis> from a configuration file quoted in a text paragraph is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"." msgstr "本文中に設定ファイルから引用された<emphasis role=\"strong\">文字データー</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" のように表現されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:959 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">command</emphasis> is referred by its name in the typewriter font optionally followed by its manpage section number in parenthesis, such as <literal>bash</literal>(1). You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">コマンド</emphasis>はその名前をタイプライターフォントで書き、場合によってはその後ろにマンページのセクション番号を括弧中に入れて書き <literal>bash</literal>(1) のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:960 #, no-wrap msgid "$ man 1 bash" msgstr "$ man 1 bash" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:961 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">manpage</emphasis> is referred by its name in the typewriter font followed by its manpage section number in parenthesis, such as <literal>sources.list</literal>(5). You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">マンページ</emphasis>はその名前をタイプライターフォントで書き、その後ろにマンページのセクション番号を括弧中に入れて書き <literal>sources.list</literal>(5) のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:962 #, no-wrap msgid "$ man 5 sources.list" msgstr "$ man 5 sources.list" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:963 msgid "An <emphasis role=\"strong\">info page</emphasis> is referred by its command snippet in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>info make</literal>\". You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">info ページ</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントというコマンドの断片形式で書き \"<literal>info make</literal>\" のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:964 #, no-wrap msgid "$ info make" msgstr "$ info make" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:965 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">filename</emphasis> is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\". For configuration files, you are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル名</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き \"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\" のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:966 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sensible-pager \"/etc/passwd\"" msgstr "$ sensible-pager \"/etc/passwd\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:967 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">directory name</emphasis> is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\". You are encouraged to explore its contents by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ディレクトリー名</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き \"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\" のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:968 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc \"/etc/init.d/\"" msgstr "$ mc \"/etc/init.d/\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:969 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">package name</emphasis> is referred by its name in the typewriter font, such as <literal>vim</literal>. You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">パッケージ名</emphasis>はその名をタイプライターフォントで書き \"<literal>vim</literal>\" のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:970 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ dpkg -L vim\n" "$ apt-cache show vim\n" "$ aptitude show vim" msgstr "" "$ dpkg -L vim\n" "$ apt-cache show vim\n" "$ aptitude show vim" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:973 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">documentation</emphasis> may indicate its location by the filename in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\"; or by its <ulink url=\"&url;\">URL</ulink>, such as <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>. You are encouraged to read the documentation by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">文書</emphasis>は、その場所のファイル名でダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz</literal>\" や \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\" のように表現されたり、その場所の <ulink url=\"&url;\">URL</ulink> で <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink> のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:974 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ zcat \"/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz\" | sensible-pager\n" "$ sensible-browser \"/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html\"\n" "$ sensible-browse \"http://www.debian.org\"" msgstr "" "$ zcat \"/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz\" | sensible-pager\n" "$ sensible-browser \"/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html\"\n" "$ sensible-browse \"http://www.debian.org\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:977 msgid "An <emphasis role=\"strong\">environment variable</emphasis> is referred by its name with leading \"<literal>$</literal>\" in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>$TERM</literal>\". You are encouraged to obtain its current value by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">環境変数</emphasis>は、頭に \"<literal>$</literal>\" がついた名前をダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き、\"<literal>$TERM</literal>\" のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:978 #, no-wrap msgid "$ echo \"$TERM\"" msgstr "$ echo \"$TERM\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:981 msgid "Debian BTS" msgstr "Debian BTS" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:982 msgid "Astarisk \"*\" placed right after each package name is linked to <ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian bug tracking system (BTS)</ulink> of each package." msgstr "各パッケージの後ろについている \"*\" は、各パッケージの <ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian バグトラッキングシステム (BTS)</ulink> にリンクされています。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:985 msgid "The popcon" msgstr "ポプコン" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:986 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> data is presented as the objective measure for the popularity of each package. It was downloaded on &pop-date; and contains the total submission of &pop-submissions; reports over &pop-packages; binary packages and &pop-architectures; architectures." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&popcon;\">ポプコン</ulink>のデーターは各パッケージの客観的人気の指標として提示されいます。それがダウンロードされた日付は &pop-date; で、 &pop-packages; を越すバイナリーパッケージ数と &pop-architectures; のアーキテクチャーにまたがる &pop-submissions; つの提出レポートからなります。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:988 msgid "Please note that the <literal>&arch;</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> archive contains only &all-packages; packages currently. The popcon data contains reports from many old system installations." msgstr "<literal>&arch;</literal> の不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブは現在高々 &all-packages; つのパッケージしか含みません。ポプコンデーターは多くの旧式設置システムからのレポートを含みます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:990 msgid "The popcon number preceded with \"V:\" for \"votes\" is calculated by \"100 * (the popcon submissions for the package executed recently on the PC)/(the total popcon submissions)\"." msgstr "\"votes\" を意味する \"V:\" が前についたポプコンの数は \"100 * (PC で最近実行されたパッケージに関するポプコン提出)/(全ポプコン提出)\" として計算される。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:991 msgid "The popcon number preceded with \"I:\" for \"installs\" is calculated by \"100 * (the popcon submissions for the package installed on the PC)/(the total popcon submissions)\"." msgstr "\"installs\" を意味する \"I:\" が前についたポプコンの数は \"100 * (PC にインストールされているパッケージに関するポプコン提出)/(全ポプコン提出)\" として計算される。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:993 msgid "The popcon figures should not be considered as absolute measures of the importance of packages. There are many factors which can skew statistics. For example, some system participating popcon may have mounted directories such as \"<literal>/bin</literal>\" with \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" option for system performance improvement and effectively disabled \"vote\" from such system." msgstr "Popcon の数字はパッケージの重要性の絶対指標と考えるべきでません。統計を曲げる多くの因子があります。例えば、Popcon に参加しているシステムの一部は \"<literal>/bin</literal>\" などのディレクトリーをシステム性能向上のために \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" オプションでマウントすることで当該システムから \"vote\" することを実質的に禁止しているかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:997 msgid "The package size" msgstr "パッケージサイズ" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:998 msgid "The package size data is also presented as the objective measure for each package. It is based on the \"<literal>Installed-Size:</literal>\" reported by \"<literal>apt-cache show</literal>\" or \"<literal>aptitude show</literal>\" command (currently on <literal>&arch;</literal> architecture for the <literal>unstable</literal> release). The reported size is in KiB (<ulink url=\"&kibibyte;\">Kibibyte</ulink> = unit for 1024 bytes)." msgstr "各パッケージの客観的指標としてパッケージサイズデーターも提供されます。それは \"<literal>apt-cache show</literal>\" や \"<literal>aptitude show</literal>\" コマンドが ( 現在の <literal>&arch;</literal> アーキテクチャー上の <literal>unstable</literal> リリース上で) 表示する \"<literal>Installed-Size:</literal>\" です。サイズは KiB (<ulink url=\"&kibibyte;\">Kibibyte</ulink> = 1024 バイト単位) で表示されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1000 msgid "A package with a small numerical package size may indicate that the package in the <literal>unstable</literal> release is a dummy package which installs other packages with significant contents by the dependency. The dummy package enables a smooth transition or split of the package." msgstr "小さなパッケージサイズのパッケージは <literal>unstable</literal> リリース中の当該パッケージが内容のある他パッケージを依存関係でインストールするためのダミーパッケージだからかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1003 msgid "A package size followed by \"(*)\" indicates that the package in the <literal>unstable</literal> release is missing and the package size for the <literal>experimental</literal> release is used instead." msgstr "\"(*)\" が後ろについたパッケージのサイズは、<literal>unstable</literal> リリース中にパッケージが無く <literal>experimental</literal> リリース中のパッケージサイズが代用されたことを示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1007 msgid "Bug reports on this document" msgstr "本書へのバグ報告" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1008 msgid "Please file bug reports on the <literal>debian-reference</literal> package using <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) if you find any issues on this document. Please include correction suggestion by \"<literal>diff -u</literal>\" to the plain text version or to the source." msgstr "何かこの文書に問題を発見した場合には、<literal>debian-reference</literal> パッケージに対して <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) を用いてバグ報告をして下さい。プレーンテキストバージョンかソースに対する \"<literal>diff -u</literal>\" による修正提案を含めて下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1012 msgid "Some quotes for new users" msgstr "新規ユーザーへの引用文" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1013 msgid "Here are some interesting quotes from the Debian mailing list which may help enlighten new users." msgstr "新規ユーザーを啓蒙する Debian のメーリングリストで見つけた興味深い引用文を記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1017 msgid "\"This is Unix. It gives you enough rope to hang yourself.\" --- Miquel van Smoorenburg <literal><miquels at cistron.nl></literal>" msgstr "\"This is Unix. It gives you enough rope to hang yourself.\" 「これは Unix です。首を括るのに十分なロープをあてがってくれますよ。」 --- Miquel van Smoorenburg <literal><miquels at cistron.nl></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1022 msgid "\"Unix IS user friendly… It's just selective about who its friends are.\" --- Tollef Fog Heen <literal><tollef at add.no></literal>" msgstr "\"Unix IS user friendly... It's just selective about who its friends are.\" 「 Unix はユーザーフレンドリー ( 使う人に優しい) です... 誰にフレンドリー ( 優しく) にするかの人見知りするだけです。」 --- Tollef Fog Heen <literal><tollef at add.no></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1029 msgid "GNU/Linux tutorials" msgstr "GNU/Linux チュートリアル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1030 msgid "I think learning a computer system is like learning a new foreign language. Although tutorial books and documentation are helpful, you have to practice it yourself. In order to help you get started smoothly, I elaborate a few basic points." msgstr "コンピューターシステムを学ぶことは新しい外国語を学ぶことに似ていると考えます。チュートリアルブックは有用ですが、実際に自ら使って学ぶことが必要です。円滑なスタートが出きるように、いくつかの基本的なポイントを説明します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1031 msgid "The powerful design of <ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> comes from the <ulink url=\"&unix;\">Unix</ulink> operating system, i.e., a <ulink url=\"&multiuser;\">multiuser</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&multitasking;\">multitasking</ulink> operating system. You must learn to take advantage of the power of these features and similarities between Unix and GNU/Linux." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> の強力なデザインは<ulink url=\"&multiuser;\">マルチユーザー</ulink>、<ulink url=\"&multitasking;\">マルチタスク</ulink>という <ulink url=\"&unix;\">Unix</ulink> オペレーティングシステムに由来します。これら Unix と GNU/Linux の特徴や類似点の強力さを活用することを覚えましょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1032 msgid "Don't shy away from Unix oriented texts and don't rely solely on GNU/Linux texts, as this robs you of much useful information." msgstr "Unix 対象の文書を避けたり、GNU/Linux に関する文書だけに頼ることは、有用な情報を見逃すことになるので止めましょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1034 msgid "If you have been using any <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system for a while with command line tools, you probably know everything I explain here. Please use this as a reality check and refresher." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix 的</ulink>システムをコマンドラインツールで少々使った経験があれば、私がここで説明することはすべてご存知でしょう。リアリティーチェックと記憶を呼び戻すのにこれを使って下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1037 msgid "Console basics" msgstr "コンソールの基礎" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1039 msgid "The shell prompt" msgstr "シェルプロンプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1040 msgid "Upon starting the system, you are presented with the character based login screen if you did not install <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window System</ulink> with the display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal>. Suppose your hostname is <literal>foo</literal>, the login prompt looks as follows." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window システム</ulink>を <literal>gdm</literal> 等のディスプレーマネージャーとともにインストールした場合以外には、システム起動の際に文字の login スクリーンが現れます。あなたのホスト名が <literal>foo</literal> と仮定すると、login プロンプトは次に示すような見えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1041 #, no-wrap msgid "foo login:" msgstr "foo login:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1042 msgid "If you did install a <ulink url=\"&gui;\">GUI</ulink> environment such as <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, then you can get to a login prompt by Ctrl-Alt-F1, and you can return to the GUI environment via Alt-F7 (see <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/> below for more)." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink> のような <ulink url=\"&gui;\">GUI</ulink> 環境をインストールした場合には、Ctrl-Alt-F1 とすることで login プロンプトが出て、Alt-F7 とすることで GUI 環境に戻れます (詳細は下記の<xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1043 msgid "At the login prompt, you type your username, e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, and press the Enter-key, then type your password and press the Enter-key again." msgstr "login プロンプトであなたのユーザー名 (例えば <literal>penguin</literal>) を打鍵し Enter キーを押します。さらにあなたのパスワードを打鍵し Enter キーを再び押します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1045 msgid "Following the Unix tradition, the username and password of the Debian system are case sensitive. The username is usually chosen only from the lowercase. The first user account is usually created during the installation. Additional user accounts can be created with <literal>adduser</literal>(8) by root." msgstr "Unix の伝統に従い、Debian システムではユーザー名とパスワードに関して大文字小文字の区別をします。ユーザー名は通常小文字のみから選ばれます。最初のユーザーアカウントは通常インストールの際に作られます。追加のユーザーアカウントは root によって <literal>adduser</literal>(8) を用いて作られます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1047 msgid "The system starts with the greeting message stored in \"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" (Message Of The Day) and presents a command prompt." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" (本日のメッセージ: Message Of The Day) に保存されている歓迎メッセージとコマンドプロンプトを表示しシステムが起動されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1048 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Debian GNU/Linux lenny/sid foo tty1\n" "foo login: penguin\n" "Password:\n" "Last login: Sun Apr 22 09:29:34 2007 on tty1\n" "Linux snoopy 2.6.20-1-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Apr 15 20:25:49 UTC 2007 x86_64\n" "\n" "The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;\n" "the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\n" "individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.\n" "\n" "Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent\n" "permitted by applicable law.\n" "foo:~$" msgstr "" "Debian GNU/Linux lenny/sid foo tty1\n" "foo login: penguin\n" "Password:\n" "Last login: Sun Apr 22 09:29:34 2007 on tty1\n" "Linux snoopy 2.6.20-1-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Apr 15 20:25:49 UTC 2007 x86_64\n" "\n" "The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;\n" "the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\n" "individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.\n" "\n" "Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent\n" "permitted by applicable law.\n" "foo:~$" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1061 msgid "Here, the main part of the greeting message can be customized by editing the \"<literal>/etc/motd.tail</literal>\" file. The first line is generated from the system information using \"<literal>uname -snrvm</literal>\"." msgstr "ここで、Debian GNU/Linux システムがフリーソフトで無保証であるという、歓迎メッセージの主要部分は \"<literal>/etc/motd.tail</literal>\" ファイルを編集することでカスタム化できます。最初の行は \"<literal>uname -snrvm</literal>\" 用いたシステム情報から生成されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1062 msgid "Now you are in the <ulink url=\"&shell;\">shell</ulink>. The shell interprets your commands." msgstr "これであなたは<ulink url=\"&shell;\">シェル</ulink>の中にいます。シェルはあなたからのコマンドを解釈します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1065 msgid "The shell prompt under X" msgstr "X の下でのシェルプロンプト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1066 msgid "If you installed <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window System</ulink> with a display manager such as <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>'s <literal>gdm</literal> by selecting \"Desktop environment\" task during the installation, you are presented with the graphical login screen upon starting your system. You type your username and your password to login to the non-privileged user account. Use tab to navigate between username and password, or use the mouse and primary click." msgstr "インストールの際に \"Desktop environment\" タスクを選定し <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> の <literal>gdm</literal> とともに <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window システム</ulink>をインストールした場合には、システムの起動するとグラフィカルな login プロンプトのスクリーンが表示されます。あなたのユーザー名とパスワードを入力することで非特権ユーザーアカウントに login できます。タブ (tab) を用いたりマウスの第一クリックを用いるとユーザー名とパスワードの間を行き来できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1067 msgid "You can gain the shell prompt under X by starting a <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> program such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) or <literal>xterm</literal>(1). Under the GNOME Desktop environment, clicking \"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Terminal\" does the trick." msgstr "<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1) や <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) や <literal>xterm</literal>(1) のような <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> プログラムを X の下で起動するとシェルプロンプトが得られます。GNOME デスクトップ環境下では、\"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Terminal\" とクリックしてもうまくいきます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1068 msgid "You can also see the section below <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>." msgstr "次の<xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>も参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1069 msgid "Under some other Desktop systems (like <literal>fluxbox</literal>), there may be no obvious starting point for the menu. If this happens, just try (right) clicking the center of the screen and hope for a menu to pop-up." msgstr "デスクトップ環境 (例えば <literal>fluxbox</literal>) 次第ではメニューの起点がよく分からないことがあります。そんな時はスクリーンの中央を (右)クリックしてメニューが表示されることを期待しましょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1072 msgid "The root account" msgstr "root アカウント" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1073 msgid "The root account is also called <ulink url=\"&superuser;\">superuser</ulink> or privileged user. From this account, you can perform the following system administration tasks." msgstr "root アカウントは<ulink url=\"&superuser;\">スーパーユーザー</ulink>とか特権ユーザーとも呼ばれます。このアカウントからは次のようなシステム管理活動ができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1077 msgid "Read, write, and remove any files on the system irrespective of their file permissions" msgstr "ファイルパーミッションによらずシステム上の任意ファイルに関しての、読出し・書込み・削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1082 msgid "Set file ownership and permissions of any files on the system" msgstr "システム上のいかなるファイルに関して、ファイルの所有者やパーミッション設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1087 msgid "Set the password of any non-privileged users on the system" msgstr "システム上の非特権ユーザーのパスワードを設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1092 msgid "Login to any accounts without their passwords" msgstr "パスワード無しに任意アカウントへの login" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1096 msgid "This unlimited power of root account requires you to be considerate and responsible when using it." msgstr "root アカウントの権限を使うには、この無制限の権限ゆえ配慮と責任ある行動が求められます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1098 msgid "Never share the root password with others." msgstr "root のパスワードを他人に決して教えてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1101 msgid "File permissions of a file (including hardware devices such as CD-ROM etc. which are just another file for the Debian system) may render it unusable or inaccessible by non-root users. Although the use of root account is a quick way to test this kind of situation, its resolution should be done through proper setting of file permissions and user's group membership (see <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_permissions\"/>)." msgstr "ファイル (Debian システムにとってはファイルの一種である CD-ROM 等のハードウエアーデバイスも含む) パーミッションは、非 root ユーザーによるそのファイルの使用やアクセスをできなくなくすることがあります。この様な状況の下では root アカウントを使うことが簡便なテスト法ですが、問題解決はファイルパーミッションとユーザーのグループのメンバーシップを適正に設定する必要があります (<xref linkend=\"_filesystem_permissions\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1105 msgid "The root shell prompt" msgstr "root シェルプロンプト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1106 msgid "Here are a few basic methods to gain the root shell prompt by using the root password." msgstr "root のパスワードを使って root のシェルプロンプトを使えるようにする基本的な方法を次に記します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1110 msgid "Type <literal>root</literal> at the character based login prompt." msgstr "文字ベースのログインプロンプトに <literal>root</literal> と入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1115 msgid "Click \"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Root Terminal\", under the GNOME Desktop environment." msgstr "GNOME デスクトップ環境下で、\"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Root Terminal\" とクリックします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1120 msgid "Type \"<literal>su -l</literal>\" from any user shell prompt." msgstr "どのユーザーシェルプロンプトからでも \"<literal>su -l</literal>\" と入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1125 msgid "This does not preserve the environment of the current user." msgstr "現ユーザーの環境を一切引き継がません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1132 msgid "Type \"<literal>su</literal>\" from any user shell prompt." msgstr "どのユーザーシェルプロンプトからでも \"<literal>su</literal>\" と入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1137 msgid "This preserves some of the environment of the current user." msgstr "現ユーザーの環境を一部引き継ぐ。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1145 msgid "GUI system administration tools" msgstr "GUI のシステム管理ツール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1146 msgid "When your desktop menu does not start GUI system administration tools automatically with the appropriate privilege, you can start them from the root shell prompt of the X terminal emulator, such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1), or <literal>xterm</literal>(1). See <xref linkend=\"_the_root_shell_prompt\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_running_x_clients_as_root\"/>." msgstr "デスクトップのメニューが GUI のシステム管理ツールを適切な権限とともに自動的に起動しない場合、<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1) や <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) や <literal>xterm</literal>(1) のような X ターミナルエミュレーターの root シェルプロンプトから起動できます。<xref linkend=\"_the_root_shell_prompt\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_running_x_clients_as_root\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1148 msgid "Never start the X display/session manager under the root account by typing in <literal>root</literal> to the prompt of the display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>gdm</literal>(1) 等のディスプレーマネージャーのプロンプトに <literal>root</literal> と入力して、X ディスプレー / セッションマネージャーを root アカウントのもとで決して起動してはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1151 msgid "Never run untrusted remote GUI program under X Window when critical information is displayed since it may eavesdrop your X screen." msgstr "クリチカルな情報が表示されている際には、あなたの X スクリーンを覗き見られるかもしれないのでリモートの信頼できない GUI プログラムを決して実行してはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1155 msgid "Virtual consoles" msgstr "仮想コンソール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1156 msgid "In the default Debian system, there are six switchable <ulink url=\"&vtbaalike;\">VT100-like</ulink> character consoles available to start the command shell directly on the Linux host. Unless you are in a GUI environment, you can switch between the virtual consoles by pressing the <literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> and one of the <literal>F1</literal> — <literal>F6</literal> keys simultaneously. Each character console allows independent login to the account and offers the multiuser environment. This multiuser environment is a great Unix feature, and very addictive." msgstr "デフォールトの Debian システムでは、6つの切り替え可能な <ulink url=\"&vtbaalike;\">VT100 様</ulink>の文字コンソールがあり、Linux ホスト上で直接コマンドシェルを起動できるようになっています。GUI 環境下でない場合は、<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> と <literal>F1</literal> — <literal>F6</literal> の中の一つのキーを同時に押すことで仮想コンソール間の切り替えができます。仮想ターミナルそれぞれに独立したアカウントでログインすることができ、。マルチユーザー環境を提供します。このマルチユーザー環境は Unix の偉大な機能で、癖になります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1157 msgid "If you are under the X Window System, you gain access to the character console 1 by pressing <literal>Ctrl-Alt-F1</literal> key, i.e., the <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>, the <literal>left-Alt-key</literal>, and the <literal>F1-key</literal> are pressed together. You can get back to the X Window System, normally running on the virtual console 7, by pressing <literal>Alt-F7</literal>." msgstr "X Window システムの下では、<literal>Ctrl-Alt-F1</literal> キーを押す、つまり <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal> と <literal>left-Alt-key</literal> と <literal>F1-key</literal> キーを同時に押すと文字コンソール1にアクセスできます。通常仮想コンソール7で実行されている X Window システムへは <literal>Alt-F7</literal> を押すことにより戻れます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1158 msgid "You can alternatively change to another virtual console, e.g. to the console 1, from the commandline." msgstr "これとは別の方法で、例えば仮想ターミナル1という今とは違う仮想ターミナルへの変更がコマンドラインから出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1159 #, no-wrap msgid "# chvt 1" msgstr "# chvt 1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1162 msgid "How to leave the command prompt" msgstr "コマンドプロンプトからの退出方法" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1163 msgid "You type <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>, i.e., the <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal> and the <literal>d-key</literal> pressed together, at the command prompt to close the shell activity. If you are at the character console, you return to the login prompt with this. Even though these control characters are referred as \"control D\" with the upper case, you do not need to press the Shift-key. The short hand expression, <literal>^D</literal>, is also used for <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>. Alternately, you can type \"exit\"." msgstr "コマンドプロンプトで <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>、つまり <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal> と <literal>d-key</literal> の同時押しをするとシェルでのアクティビティーを終了できます。文字コンソールの場合は、こうすると login プロンプト戻ります。これらのコントロール文字は通常 \"control D\" と大文字を使って表記されますが、Shift キーを押す必要はありません。また <literal>Ctrl-D</literal> に関する簡略表記 <literal>^D</literal> も使われます。この代わりに \"exit\" とタイプすることができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1164 msgid "If you are at <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal>(1), you can close <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> window with this." msgstr "<literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal>(1) にあっては、このようにすることで <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> のウィンドウが閉じることができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1167 msgid "How to shutdown the system" msgstr "システムをシャットダウンする方法" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1168 msgid "Just like any other modern OS where the file operation involves <ulink url=\"&cachingdata;\">caching data</ulink> in memory for improved performance, the Debian system needs the proper shutdown procedure before power can safely be turned off. This is to maintain the integrity of files, by forcing all changes in memory to be written to disk. If the software power control is available, the shutdown procedure automatically turns off power of the system. (Otherwise, you may have to press power button for few seconds after the shutdown procedure.)" msgstr "ファイル操作の際にパーフォーマンス向上のためにメモリーへの<ulink url=\"&cachingdata;\">データーのキャッシュ</ulink>がされる他の現代的な OS と同様に、Debian システムでも電源を安全に切る前に適正なシャットダウン手順を取る必要があります。これはすべてのメモリー上の変更を強制的にディスクに書き出しすことで、ファイルの完全性を維持するためです。ソフトウエアーによる電源コントロールができる場合、シャットダウン手続きはシステムの電源を自動的に落とします。(これがうまくいかない時には、シャットダウン手続きの後で数秒間電源ボタンを押す必要があるかもしれません。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1169 msgid "You can shutdown the system under the normal multiuser mode from the commandline." msgstr "通常のマルチユーザーモードからのシステムのシャットダウンがコマンドラインから出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1170 #, no-wrap msgid "# shutdown -h now" msgstr "# shutdown -h now" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1171 msgid "You can shutdown the system under the single-user mode from the commandline." msgstr "シングルユーザーモードからのシステムのシャットダウンがコマンドラインから出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1172 #, no-wrap msgid "# poweroff -i -f" msgstr "# poweroff -i -f" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1173 msgid "Alternatively, you may type <literal>Ctrl-Alt-Delete</literal> (The <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>, the <literal>left-Alt-Key</literal>, and the <literal>Delete</literal> are pressed together) to shutdown if \"<literal>/etc/inittab</literal>\" contains \"<literal>ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -h now</literal>\" in it. See <literal>inittab</literal>(5) for details." msgstr "この他に、\"<literal>/etc/inittab</literal>\" に \"<literal>ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -h now</literal>\" と書かれていれば、<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Delete</literal> (<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal> と <literal>left-Alt-Key</literal> と <literal>Delete</literal> の同時押し) を入力するシャットダウン方法もあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1174 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_how_to_shutdown_the_remote_system_on_ssh\"/>." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_how_to_shutdown_the_remote_system_on_ssh\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1177 msgid "Recovering a sane console" msgstr "まともなコンソールの復元" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1178 msgid "When the screen goes berserk after doing some funny things such as \"<literal>cat <some-binary-file></literal>\", type \"<literal>reset</literal>\" at the command prompt. You may not be able to see the command echoed as you type. You may also issue \"<literal>clear</literal>\" to clean up the screen." msgstr "例えば \"<literal>cat <some-binary-file></literal>\" のような変な事をした後でスクリーンが無茶苦茶になった場合、コマンドプロンプトに \"<literal>reset</literal>\" と入力して下さい。このときコマンドを入力してもスクリーンには読み取れる表示がされないかもしれません。\"<literal>clear</literal>\" とすればスクリーンが消去できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1181 msgid "Additional package suggestions for the newbie" msgstr "初心者向け追加パッケージの提案" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1182 msgid "Although even the minimal installation of the Debian system without any desktop environment tasks provides the basic Unix functionality, it is a good idea to install few additional commandline and curses based character terminal packages such as <literal>mc</literal> and <literal>vim</literal> with <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) for beginners to get started by the following." msgstr "デスクトップ環境タスク抜きの最小限インストレーション Debian システムですら基本的な Unix 機能は提供されますが、コマンドラインや curses に基づく <literal>mc</literal> や <literal>vim</literal> 等のいくつかの文字ターミナルパッケージを <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) を使って次のように追加インストールすることから始めることを初心者にお薦めします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1183 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" " ...\n" "# apt-get install mc vim sudo\n" " ..." msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" " ...\n" "# apt-get install mc vim sudo\n" " ..." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1187 msgid "If you already had these packages installed, no new packages are installed." msgstr "既にこれらのパッケージがインストールされている場合には、新しいパッケージはインストールされません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1189 msgid "List of interesting text-mode program packages" msgstr "興味あるテキストモードのプログラムパッケージのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1198 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1290 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2663 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5061 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8774 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9125 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9351 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10329 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10399 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10950 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13951 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14105 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14292 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14386 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14887 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15004 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15129 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15327 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15454 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15556 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16039 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debian-reference.en.xmlt:25142 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26132 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26357 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26841 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27008 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27347 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27445 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27549 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27702 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27764 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27899 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28142 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28280 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28467 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28982 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29041 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30015 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30089 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30546 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30639 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30762 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30928 msgid "package" msgstr "パッケージ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1201 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1293 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2666 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5064 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8777 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9128 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9354 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10332 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10402 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10953 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11096 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13602 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13865 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13954 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14108 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14295 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14389 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14890 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15007 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15132 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15330 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15457 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15559 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16042 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16234 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16541 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16785 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17153 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17272 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17401 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17680 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17946 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18220 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18555 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18811 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19199 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19259 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19322 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19470 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19793 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19971 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20712 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:20807 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21030 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21537 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21776 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22249 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:22498 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22885 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:23245 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23797 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:23903 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23951 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24014 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24297 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24812 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25145 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26135 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26360 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26844 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27011 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27350 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27448 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27552 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27705 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27767 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27902 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28145 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28283 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28363 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28470 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28985 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29044 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30018 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30092 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30549 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30642 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30765 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30931 msgid "popcon" msgstr "ポプコン" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1204 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1296 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2669 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5067 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8780 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9131 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9357 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10335 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10405 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10956 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11099 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13605 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13868 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13957 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14111 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14298 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14392 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14893 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15010 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15135 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15333 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15460 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15562 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16045 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16237 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16544 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16788 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17156 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17275 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17404 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18223 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18558 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18814 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19202 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19262 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19325 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19473 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19796 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19974 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debian-reference.en.xmlt:28366 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28473 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28988 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:29047 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30021 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30095 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30552 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30645 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30768 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30934 msgid "size" msgstr "サイズ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1207 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1299 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2675 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3072 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4125 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4270 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5070 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6131 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6300 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8783 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9137 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9360 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9984 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10408 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10959 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11105 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13024 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debian-reference.en.xmlt:30609 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30615 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30616 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30617 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30654 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30655 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30656 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30662 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30663 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30664 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30670 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30671 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30672 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30678 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30679 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30680 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30686 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30687 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30688 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30694 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30695 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30696 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30702 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30703 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30704 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30710 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30711 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30712 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30718 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30719 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30720 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30777 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30778 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30779 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30785 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30786 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30787 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30793 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30794 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30795 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30946 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30947 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30948 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30957 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30958 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30959 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30968 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30969 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30970 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30979 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30980 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30981 msgid "DUMMY" msgstr "ダミー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1217 msgid "A text-mode full-screen file manager" msgstr "テキストモードの全画面ファイルマネージャー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1225 msgid "A program to allow limited root privileges to users" msgstr "ユーザーに限定的な root 権限を与えるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1233 msgid "Unix text editor Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor (standard version)" msgstr "Unix テキストエディター Vi IMproved (改良版 Vi)、プログラマーのためのテキストエディター (標準版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1241 msgid "Unix text editor Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor (compact version)" msgstr "Unix テキストエディター Vi IMproved (改良版 Vi)、プログラマーのためのテキストエディター (軽量版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1249 msgid "GNU project Emacs, the Lisp based extensible text editor (version 22)" msgstr "GNU プロジェクト Emacs、Lisp に基づく拡張可能なテキストエディター (22版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1257 msgid "GNU project Emacs, the Lisp based extensible text editor (version 23)" msgstr "GNU プロジェクト Emacs、Lisp に基づく拡張可能なテキストエディター (23版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1265 msgid "Text-mode WWW browsers" msgstr "テキストモード WWW ブラウザー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1273 msgid "The Unix style cut-and-paste on the text console (daemon)" msgstr "テキストコンソール上の Unix 式のカットアンドペースト (daemon)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1279 msgid "It may be a good idea to read some informative documentations." msgstr "いくつかの参考資料を読むのも良いことです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1281 msgid "List of informative documentation packages" msgstr "有用な文書パッケージのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1309 msgid "Debian Project documentation, (Debian FAQ) and other documents" msgstr "Debian プロジェクトの文書、(Debian FAQ) 他" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1317 msgid "Debian Policy Manual and related documents" msgstr "Debian ポリシーマニュアルと関連文書" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1325 msgid "Guidelines and information for Debian developers" msgstr "Debian 開発者のためのガイドラインと情報" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1333 msgid "Debian New Maintainers' Guide" msgstr "Debian 新メンテナ向けガイド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1341 msgid "History of the Debian Project" msgstr "Debian プロジェクトの歴史" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1349 msgid "Debian FAQ" msgstr "Debian FAQ (よくある質問集)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1357 msgid "Linux HOWTOs and FAQ (text)" msgstr "Linux HOWTO と FAQ (テキスト版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1365 msgid "Linux HOWTOs and FAQ (html)" msgstr "Linux HOWTO と FAQ (HTML 版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1373 msgid "The Linux System Administrators' Guide" msgstr "Linux システム管理者ガイド" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1379 msgid "You can install some of these packages by the following." msgstr "これらのパッケージの一部を次のようにしてインストールします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1380 #, no-wrap msgid "# apt-get install package_name" msgstr "# apt-get install package_name" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1383 msgid "An extra user account" msgstr "追加のユーザーアカウント" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1384 msgid "If you do not want to use your main user account for the following training activities, you can create a training user account, e.g. <literal>fish</literal> by the following." msgstr "次の練習のためにあなたのメインのユーザーアカウントを使いたくない場合には、例えば <literal>fish</literal> という追加のユーザーアカウントを作成できます。root シェルプロンプトで次のように入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1385 #, no-wrap msgid "# adduser fish" msgstr "# adduser fish" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1386 msgid "Answer all questions." msgstr "すべての質問に返事をします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1387 msgid "This creates a new account named as <literal>fish</literal>. After your practice, you can remove this user account and its home directory by the following." msgstr "こうすることで <literal>fish</literal> という名前の新規アカウントが作られます。練習の後で、このユーザーとそのホームディレクトリーは次のようのすれば削除できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1388 #, no-wrap msgid "# deluser --remove-home fish" msgstr "# deluser --remove-home fish" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1391 msgid "sudo configuration" msgstr "sudo の設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1392 msgid "For the typical single user workstation such as the desktop Debian system on the laptop PC, it is common to deploy simple configuration of <literal>sudo</literal>(8) as follows to let the non-privileged user, e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, to gain administrative privilege just with his user password but without the root password." msgstr "ラップトップ PC 上のデスクトップの Debian システム等のような典型的単一ユーザーワークステーションでは次のような単純な <literal>sudo</literal>(8) の設定をして、非特権ユーザー (例えば <literal>penguin</literal>) に管理者権限を (root パスワードではなく) ユーザー自身のパスワードで与えることがよくあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1393 #, no-wrap msgid "# echo \"penguin ALL=(ALL) ALL\" >> /etc/sudoers" msgstr "# echo \"penguin ALL=(ALL) ALL\" >> /etc/sudoers" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1394 msgid "Alternatively, it is also common to do as follows to let the non-privileged user, e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, to gain administrative privilege without any password." msgstr "これに代え、次のようにして非特権ユーザー <literal>penguin</literal> にパスワード一切無しに管理者権限を与えることもよくあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1395 #, no-wrap msgid "# echo \"penguin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL\" >> /etc/sudoers" msgstr "# echo \"penguin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL\" >> /etc/sudoers" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1396 msgid "This trick should only be used for the single user workstation which you administer and where you are the only user." msgstr "このトリックの使用は、単一ユーザーワークステーション上であなた自身が管理者でユーザーである際のみに限るべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1398 msgid "Do not set up accounts of regular users on multiuser workstation like this because it would be very bad for system security." msgstr "システムセキュリティー上非常に悪い事態を招くので、マルチユーザーワークステーション上の通常ユーザーアカウントに対してこの様な設定をしてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1401 msgid "The password and the account of the <literal>penguin</literal> in the above example requires as much protection as the root password and the root account." msgstr "上記例のような <literal>penguin</literal> のパスワードとアカウントは root パスワードや root アカウント同様の保護が必要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1404 msgid "Administrative privilege in this context belongs to someone authorized to perform the system administration task on the workstation. Never give some manager in the Admin department of your company or your boss such privilege unless they are authorized and capable." msgstr "この文脈上の管理者権限はワークステーションに関するシステム管理業務をする権限を与えられた人に属します。そのような権限と能力を持っていなければ、あなたの会社の管理部門の管理職や上司とはいえこのような権限を与えてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1407 msgid "For providing access privilege to limited devices and limited files, you should consider to use <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> to provide limited access instead of using the <literal>root</literal> privilege via <literal>sudo</literal>(8)." msgstr "特定デバイスや特定ファイルへのアクセスの権限を与えるには、<literal>sudo</literal>(8) をつかって得た <literal>root</literal> 権限を用いるのではなく、<emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> を使って限定的アクセス与えることを考えるべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1410 msgid "With more thoughtful and careful configuration, <literal>sudo</literal>(8) can grant limited administrative privileges to other users on a shared system without sharing the root password. This can help with accountability with hosts with multiple administrators so you can tell who did what. On the other hand, you might not want anyone else to have such privileges." msgstr "<literal>sudo</literal>(8) を使ってもう少し工夫された注意深い設定をすれば、共有システム上の他のユーザーに root パスワードを教えること無く限定的管理権限を許可することができます。こうすることは、誰が何をしたかを明らかにするので、複数の管理者がいるホストにおける責任の所在を明らかにします。ただ、誰にもそんな権限を与えたく無いかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1414 msgid "Play time" msgstr "お遊びの時間" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1415 msgid "Now you are ready to play with the Debian system without risks as long as you use the non-privileged user account." msgstr "非特権ユーザーアカウントを使う限り全くリスク無く Debian システムでお遊びをする準備万端です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1416 msgid "This is because the Debian system is, even after the default installation, configured with proper file permissions which prevent non-privileged users from damaging the system. Of course, there may still be some holes which can be exploited but those who worry about these issues should not be reading this section but should be reading <ulink url=\"&securingdebianmanual;\">Securing Debian Manual</ulink>." msgstr "何故なら、たとえデフォールトのインストール後ですら Debian システムは非特権ユーザーがシステムに損害を与えられないように適正なファイルパーミッションが設定されているからです。もちろん悪用可能な穴が残っているかもしれませんが、こんな問題まで心配する人はこのセクションを読んでいるべきではなく、<ulink url=\"&securingdebianmanual;\">Securing Debian Manual</ulink> を読むべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1417 msgid "We learn the Debian system as a <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system with the following." msgstr "Debian システムを <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix 的</ulink>システムとして次に学びましょう:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1420 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_filesystem\"/> (basic concept)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_filesystem\"/> (基本コンセプト)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1424 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_midnight_commander_mc\"/> (survival method)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_midnight_commander_mc\"/> (サバイバル手法)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1428 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_the_basic_unix_like_work_environment\"/> (basic method)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_the_basic_unix_like_work_environment\"/> (基本手法)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1432 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_the_simple_shell_command\"/> (shell mechanism)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_the_simple_shell_command\"/> (シェルのメカニズム)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1436 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_text_processing\"/> (text processing method)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_text_processing\"/> (文字処理手法)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1443 msgid "Unix-like filesystem" msgstr "Unix-like ファイルシステム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1444 msgid "In GNU/Linux and other <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> operating systems, <ulink url=\"&files;\">files</ulink> are organized into <ulink url=\"&directories;\">directories</ulink>. All files and directories are arranged in one big tree rooted at \"<literal>/</literal>\". It's called a tree because if you draw the filesystem, it looks like a tree but it is upside down." msgstr "GNU/Linux や他の <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix 的</ulink>オペレーティングシステムでは、<ulink url=\"&files;\">ファイル</ulink>は<ulink url=\"&directories;\">ディレクトリー</ulink>に整理されています。すべてのファイルやディレクトリーは、\"<literal>/</literal>\"を根 (root) に持つ一本の大きな木 (ツリー) のようにアレンジされています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1445 msgid "These files and directories can be spread out over several devices. <literal>mount</literal>(8) serves to attach the filesystem found on some device to the big file tree. Conversely, <literal>umount</literal>(8) detaches it again. On recent Linux kernels, <literal>mount</literal>(8) with some options can bind part of a file tree somewhere else or can mount filesystem as shared, private, slave, or unbindable. Supported mount options for each filesystem are available in \"<literal>/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/</literal>\"." msgstr "このようなファイルやディレクトリーはいくつかのデバイスに展開することができます。あるデバイス上にあるファイルシステムを大きなファイルツリーにマウントするのに <literal>mount</literal>(8) が使われます。その逆に、それを切り離すのに <literal>umount</literal>(8) が使われます。最近の Linux カーネルでは、<literal>mount</literal>(8) をオプションとともに用いると、ファイルツリーの一部を別のところと結びつけたり、共有・非共有・従属・バインド不可としてファイルシステムをマウントもできます。各ファイルシステムごとの使用可能なマウントオプションは \"<literal>/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/</literal>\" にあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1446 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Directories</emphasis> on Unix systems are called <emphasis role=\"strong\">folders</emphasis> on some other systems. Please also note that there is no concept for <emphasis role=\"strong\">drive</emphasis> such as \"<literal>A:</literal>\" on any Unix system. There is one filesystem, and everything is included. This is a huge advantage compared to Windows." msgstr "Unix システム上の<emphasis role=\"strong\">ディレクトリー</emphasis>は、一部の他システム上では<emphasis role=\"strong\">フォルダ</emphasis>と呼ばれます。Unix システム上では \"<literal>A:</literal>\" のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">ドライブ</emphasis>というコンセプトが無いこと覚えておいて下さい。単一のファイルシステムがあって、そこにすべてが含まれています。これは Windows と比べた際の大きな利点です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1448 msgid "Unix file basics" msgstr "Unix ファイルの基礎" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1449 msgid "Here are some Unix file basics." msgstr "Unix ファイルの基礎は以下です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1453 msgid "Filenames are <emphasis role=\"strong\">case sensitive</emphasis>. That is, \"<literal>MYFILE</literal>\" and \"<literal>MyFile</literal>\" are different files." msgstr "ファイル名は<emphasis role=\"strong\">大文字と小文字を区別</emphasis>します。\"<literal>MYFILE</literal>\" と \"<literal>MyFile</literal>\" は異なるファイルです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1458 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">root directory</emphasis> means root of the filesystem referred as simply \"<literal>/</literal>\". Don't confuse this with the home directory for the root user: \"<literal>/root</literal>\"." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ルートディレクトリー</emphasis>はフィルシステムの根 (ルート、root) を意味して、単に \"<literal>/</literal>\" と記載されます。これを root ユーザーのホームディレクトリー \"<literal>/root</literal>\" とは混同しないで下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1463 msgid "Every directory has a name which can contain any letters or symbols <emphasis role=\"strong\">except \"<literal>/</literal>\"</emphasis>. The root directory is an exception; its name is \"<literal>/</literal>\" (pronounced \"slash\" or \"the root directory\") and it cannot be renamed." msgstr "全てのディレクトリーには <emphasis role=\"strong\">\"<literal>/</literal>\" 以外</emphasis>の文字・記号からなる名前がついています。ルートディレクトリーは例外で、その名前は \"<literal>/</literal>\" (\"スラッシュ\" とか \"ルートディレクトリー\" と読まれます) でその名前を変えることはできません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1468 msgid "Each file or directory is designated by a <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"strong\">absolute filename</emphasis>, or <emphasis role=\"strong\">path</emphasis>, giving the sequence of directories which must be passed through to reach it. The three terms are synonymous." msgstr "各ファイルやディレクトリーは、たどっていくとファイルに到達するディレクトリーの列が示される、<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis>とか<emphasis role=\"strong\">絶対ファイル名</emphasis>とか<emphasis role=\"strong\">パス</emphasis>により指定されます。これらの3つの表現は同義語です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1473 msgid "All <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filenames</emphasis> begin with the \"<literal>/</literal>\" directory, and there's a \"<literal>/</literal>\" between each directory or file in the filename. The first \"<literal>/</literal>\" is the top level directory, and the other \"<literal>/</literal>\"'s separate successive subdirectories, until we reach the last entry which is the name of the actual file. The words used here can be confusing. Take the following <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis> as an example: \"<literal>/usr/share/keytables/us.map.gz</literal>\". However, people also refers to its basename \"<literal>us.map.gz</literal>\" alone as a filename." msgstr "全ての<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis>は \"<literal>/</literal>\" ディレクトリーで始まり、ファイル名中の各ディレクトリーやファイル名の間には \"<literal>/</literal>\" がはさまります。最初の \"<literal>/</literal>\" はディレクトリー名です。その他の \"<literal>/</literal>\" は、次のサブディレクトリーとの区別をします。そして最後には実際のファイルの名前がきます。ちょっと混乱しそうですので、次の<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis> の例をご覧下さい: \"<literal>/usr/share/keytables/us.map.gz</literal>\"。 一方このベース名である、\"<literal>us.map.gz</literal>\" だけをファイル名と呼ぶ人もあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1478 msgid "The root directory has a number of branches, such as \"<literal>/etc/</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/</literal>\". These subdirectories in turn branch into still more subdirectories, such as \"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\". The whole thing viewed collectively is called the <emphasis role=\"strong\">directory tree</emphasis>. You can think of an absolute filename as a route from the base of the tree (\"<literal>/</literal>\") to the end of some branch (a file). You also hear people talk about the directory tree as if it were a <emphasis role=\"strong\">family</emphasis> tree: thus subdirectories have <emphasis role=\"strong\">parents</emphasis>, and a path shows the complete ancestry of a file. There are also relative paths that begin somewhere other than the root directory. You should remember that the directory \"<literal>../</literal>\" refers to the parent directory. This terminology also applies to other directory like structures, such as hierarchical data structures." msgstr "ルートファイルシステムは \"<literal>/etc/</literal>\" や \"<literal>/usr/</literal>\" のような複数の枝を持ちます。これらのサブディレクトリーもまた \"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\" や \"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\" のように、さらにサブディレクトリーに枝別れします。これらの全体をまとめて<emphasis role=\"strong\">ディレクトリーツリー</emphasis>と呼びます。絶対ファイル名はツリーの根元 (\"<literal>/</literal>\") から枝の先 (ファイル) までの経路として考えることもできます。また、あたかもディレクトリーツリーを<emphasis role=\"strong\">家系</emphasis>図のように人が話すのを聞いたことがあるでしょう。あたかもそれぞれのサブディレクトリーに<emphasis role=\"strong\">親</emphasis>があるとし、パスはファイルの完全な祖先の系図のように表現します。ルートディレクトリーではない他の場所から始まる相対パスもあります。ディレクトリー \"<literal>../</literal>\" は親ディレクトリーを参照していることを覚えておきましょう。このような呼び方はディレクトリーのような構造を持つ他の階層的ツリー状のデーター構造体でもよく使われます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1483 msgid "There's no special directory path name component that corresponds to a physical device, such as your hard disk. This differs from <ulink url=\"&rtbb;\">RT-11</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&cpm;\">CP/M</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&openvms;\">OpenVMS</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&msdos;\">MS-DOS</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&amigaos;\">AmigaOS</ulink>, and <ulink url=\"µsoftwindows;\">Microsoft Windows</ulink>, where the path contains a device name such as \"<literal>C:\\</literal>\". (However, directory entries do exist that refer to physical devices as a part of the normal filesystem. See <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_internals\"/>.)" msgstr "ハードディスクのような物理デバイスに対応したパス名の要素は存在しません。ここが、パス名に \"<literal>C:\\</literal>\" のようなデバイス名が含まれる <ulink url=\"&rtbb;\">RT-11</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&cpm;\">CP/M</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&openvms;\">OpenVMS</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&msdos;\">MS-DOS</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&amigaos;\">AmigaOS</ulink> や <ulink url=\"µsoftwindows;\">Microsoft Windows</ulink> と違う点です。(但し、通常のファイルシステム中に物理デバイスを示すディレクトリー項目はあります。<xref linkend=\"_filesystem_internals\"/>参照。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1488 msgid "While you <emphasis role=\"strong\">can</emphasis> use almost any letters or symbols in a file name, in practice it is a bad idea to do so. It is better to avoid any characters that often have special meanings on the command line, including spaces, tabs, newlines, and other special characters: <literal>{ } ( ) [ ] ' ` \" \\ / > < | ; ! # & ^ * % @ $</literal> . If you want to separate words in a name, good choices are the period, hyphen, and underscore. You could also capitalize each word, \"<literal>LikeThis</literal>\". Experienced Linux users tend to avoid spaces in filenames." msgstr "ほとんど全ての文字や記号をファイル名中に<emphasis role=\"strong\">使えます</emphasis>が、実際そうすることは賢明ではありません。スペースやタブや改行や他の特殊文字: <literal>{ } ( ) [ ] ' ` \" \\ / > < | ; ! # & ^ * % @ $</literal> はコマンドラインで特別な意味を持つので避けるべきです。名前の中の単語間には、ピリオドやハイフンや下線を選んで区別します。各語頭を \"<literal>LikeThis</literal>\" のように語頭を大文字にすることもできます。経験を積んだ Linux のユーザーはファイル名中にスペースが入ることを避けます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1491 msgid "The word \"root\" can mean either \"root user\" or \"root directory\". The context of their usage should make it clear." msgstr "\"root\" (ルート) と言う言葉は \"root ユーザー\" と言う意味でも \"ルートディレクトリー\" と言う意味でも使われます。それがいずれかは使われている文脈から明かです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1494 msgid "The word <emphasis role=\"strong\">path</emphasis> is used not only for <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis> as above but also for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">command search path</emphasis>. The intended meaning is usually clear from the context." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">パス</emphasis>と言う言葉は上述の<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis>に関して使われるばかりではなく<emphasis role=\"strong\">コマンドサーチパス</emphasis>にも使われます。どちらの意味かは文脈から明かです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1496 msgid "The detailed best practices for the file hierarchy are described in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/debian-policy/fhs/fhs-2.3.txt.gz</literal>\" and <literal>hier</literal>(7)). You should remember the following facts as the starter." msgstr "ファイル階層について詳細に学ぶ最も良い方法は、Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/debian-policy/fhs/fhs-2.3.txt.gz</literal>\" や <literal>hier</literal>(7)) に記述されています。手始めとして次の事実を覚えるべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1498 msgid "List of usage of key directories" msgstr "重要ディレクトリーの使い方のリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1505 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1682 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9523 msgid "directory" msgstr "ディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1508 msgid "usage of the directory" msgstr "ディレクトリーの用途" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1515 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3899 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6489 msgid "<literal>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1518 msgid "the root directory" msgstr "ルートディレクトリー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1523 msgid "<literal>/etc/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/etc/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1526 msgid "system wide configuration files" msgstr "システム全体の設定ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1531 msgid "<literal>/var/log/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1534 msgid "system log files" msgstr "システムのログファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1539 msgid "<literal>/home/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/home/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1542 msgid "all the home directories for all non-privileged users" msgstr "全ての非特権ユーザーのホームディレクトリー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1550 msgid "Filesystem internals" msgstr "ファイルシステムの内側" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1551 msgid "Following the <emphasis role=\"strong\">Unix tradition</emphasis>, the Debian GNU/Linux system provides the <ulink url=\"&filesystem;\">filesystem</ulink> under which physical data on hard disks and other storage devices reside, and the interaction with the hardware devices such as console screens and remote serial consoles are represented in an unified manner under \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\"." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Unix の伝統</emphasis>に従い、Debian/Linux システムはハードディスクや他のストレージデバイス上に存在する物理データーを表す <ulink url=\"&filesystem;\">ファイルシステム</ulink>を提供し、コンソールスクリーンやリモートのシリアルコンソールなどのハードウェアデバイスとの相互作用が \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\" の下に統一された形式で表されています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1552 msgid "Each file, directory, named pipe (a way two programs can share data), or physical device on a Debian GNU/Linux system has a data structure called an <ulink url=\"&inode;\">inode</ulink> which describes its associated attributes such as the user who owns it (owner), the group that it belongs to, the time last accessed, etc. If you are really interested, see \"<literal>/usr/include/linux/fs.h</literal>\" for the exact definition of \"<literal>struct inode</literal>\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system. The idea of representing just about everything in the filesystem was a Unix innovation, and modern Linux kernels have developed this idea ever further. Now, even information about processes running in the computer can be found in the filesystem." msgstr "Debian/Linux システム上の、各々のファイルやディレクトリーや名前付きパイプ (2つのプログラムがデーターを共有する方法) や物理デバイスは、それぞれの所有者 (owner) やデーターが所属するグループ (group) や最終アクセス時間などの付帯属性 (attribute) を記述する <ulink url=\"&inode;\">inode</ulink> と呼ばれるデーター構造を持ちます。 Debian GNU/Linux システムでの inode 構造 の正確な定義を知るには、\"<literal>/usr/include/linux/fs.h</literal>\" をご覧下さい。 ほとんど全てをファイルシステム表現しようというアイデアは Unix の発明でしたし、現代的な Linux カーネルはこのアイデアを一歩進めています。コンピューター上で実行されているプロセス情報さえファイルシステム中に見つけられます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1553 msgid "This abstract and unified representation of physical entities and internal processes is very powerful since this allows us to use the same command for the same kind of operation on many totally different devices. It is even possible to change the way the kernel works by writing data to special files that are linked to running processes." msgstr "このような物理的実体と内部プロセスの抽象的かつ統一された表現は非常にパワフルなので、多くの全く異なるデバイスに同じコマンドを使用して同種の操作が行えます。実行中のプロセスに繋がった特殊なファイルにデーターを書き込むことでカーネルが如何に動作するかまで変更できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1555 msgid "If you need to identify the correspondence between the file tree and the physical entity, execute <literal>mount</literal>(8) with no arguments." msgstr "ファイルツリーや物理的実体の間の関係を確認する必要がある際には、<literal>mount</literal>(8) を引数無しで実行して下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1559 msgid "Filesystem permissions" msgstr "ファイルシステムのパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1560 msgid "<ulink url=\"&filesystempermissions;\">Filesystem permissions</ulink> of <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system are defined for three categories of affected users." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix 的</ulink>システムの<ulink url=\"&filesystempermissions;\">ファイルシステムのパーミッション</ulink>は次の3つの影響されるユーザーのカテゴリーのために定義されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1564 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis> who owns the file (<emphasis role=\"strong\">u</emphasis>)" msgstr "ファイルを所有する<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー (user)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">u</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1569 msgid "Other users in the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> which the file belongs to (<emphasis role=\"strong\">g</emphasis>)" msgstr "ファイルが所属する<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ (group)</emphasis> 中の他ユーザー (<emphasis role=\"strong\">g</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1574 msgid "All <emphasis role=\"strong\">other</emphasis> users (<emphasis role=\"strong\">o</emphasis>) also referred to as \"world\" and \"everyone\"" msgstr "\"世界\" や \"全員\" とも呼ばれる、全<emphasis role=\"strong\">他ユーザー (other)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">o</emphasis>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1578 msgid "For the file, each corresponding permission allows following actions." msgstr "ファイルでは、それぞれに対応するパーミッションは次のようになります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1582 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permission allows owner to examine contents of the file." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">読出し (read)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) パーミッションはファイル内容確認を可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1587 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permission allows owner to modify the file." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み (write)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) パーミッションはファイル内容変更を可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1592 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permission allows owner to run the file as a command." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行 (execute)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) パーミッションはファイルをコマンド実行を可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1596 msgid "For the directory, each corresponding permission allows following actions." msgstr "ディレクトリーでは、対応するパーミッションはそれぞれ次のようになります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1600 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permission allows owner to list contents of the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">読出し (read)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) パーミッションはディレクトリー内容リストを可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1605 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permission allows owner to add or remove files in the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み (write)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) パーミッションはディレクトリーへのファイルの追加削除を可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1610 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permission allows owner to access files in the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行 (execute)</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) パーミッションはディレクトリー内のファイルへのアクセスを可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1614 msgid "Here, the <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> permission on a directory means not only to allow reading of files in that directory but also to allow viewing their attributes, such as the size and the modification time." msgstr "ここで、ディレクトリーに関する<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行 (execute)</emphasis> パーミッションとはディレクトリー内のファイルへの読出しを許可するのみならず、サイズや変更時間のようなアトリビュート閲覧を許可します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1615 msgid "<literal>ls</literal>(1) is used to display permission information (and more) for files and directories. When it is invoked with the \"<literal>-l</literal>\" option, it displays the following information in the order given." msgstr "ファイルやディレクトリーのパーミッション情報他を表示するには、<literal>ls</literal>(1) が使われます。\"<literal>-l</literal>\" オプション付きでこれを実行すると、次の情報がこの順序で表示されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1618 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Type of file</emphasis> (first character)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイルのタイプ</emphasis> (最初の文字)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1623 msgid "Access <emphasis role=\"strong\">permission</emphasis> of the file (nine characters, consisting of three characters each for user, group, and other in this order)" msgstr "ファイルのアクセス<emphasis role=\"strong\">パーミッション</emphasis> (次の9文字。ユーザーとグループと他者の順にそれぞれに対して3文字から構成されている) " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1627 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Number of hard links</emphasis> to the file" msgstr "ファイルへの<emphasis role=\"strong\">ハードリンク数</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1632 msgid "Name of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis> who owns the file" msgstr "ファイルを所有する<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー (user)</emphasis> の名前" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1637 msgid "Name of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> which the file belongs to" msgstr "ファイルが所属する<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ (group)</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1641 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Size</emphasis> of the file in characters (bytes)" msgstr "ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">サイズ</emphasis> (文字数、バイト)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1645 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Date and time</emphasis> of the file (mtime)" msgstr "ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">日時</emphasis> (mtime)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1649 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Name</emphasis> of the file" msgstr "ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">名前</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1654 msgid "List of the first character of \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" output" msgstr "\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" の出力の最初の文字のリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1661 msgid "character" msgstr "文字" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1664 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1782 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2050 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3663 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9283 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9806 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10098 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12075 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12508 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12672 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18661 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25777 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26018 msgid "meaning" msgstr "意味" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1671 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6409 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24539 msgid "<literal>-</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1674 msgid "normal file" msgstr "通常ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1679 msgid "<literal>d</literal>" msgstr "<literal>d</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1687 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6481 msgid "<literal>l</literal>" msgstr "<literal>l</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1690 msgid "symlink" msgstr "シムリンク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1695 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4518 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4521 msgid "<literal>c</literal>" msgstr "<literal>c</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1698 msgid "character device node" msgstr "文字デバイス名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1703 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20644 msgid "<literal>b</literal>" msgstr "<literal>b</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1706 msgid "block device node" msgstr "ブロックデバイス名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1711 msgid "<literal>p</literal>" msgstr "<literal>p</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1714 msgid "named pipe" msgstr "名前付きパイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1719 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20629 msgid "<literal>s</literal>" msgstr "<literal>s</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1722 msgid "socket" msgstr "ソケット" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1728 msgid "<literal>chown</literal>(1) is used from the root account to change the owner of the file. <literal>chgrp</literal>(1) is used from the file's owner or root account to change the group of the file. <literal>chmod</literal>(1) is used from the file's owner or root account to change file and directory access permissions. Basic syntax to manipulate a <literal>foo</literal> file is the following." msgstr "root アカウントから <literal>chown</literal>(1) を使用することでファイルの所有者を変更します。ファイルの所有者又は root アカウントから <literal>chgrp</literal>(1) を使用することでファイルのグループを変更します。ファイルの所有者又は root アカウントから <literal>chmod</literal>(1) を使用することでファイルやディレクトリーのアクセスパーミッションを変更します。<literal>foo</literal> ファイルの操作の基本的文法は次の通り。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1729 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# chown <newowner> foo\n" "# chgrp <newgroup> foo\n" "# chmod [ugoa][+-=][rwxXst][,...] foo" msgstr "" "# chown <newowner> foo\n" "# chgrp <newgroup> foo\n" "# chmod [ugoa][+-=][rwxXst][,...] foo" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1732 msgid "For example, you can make a directory tree to be owned by a user <literal>foo</literal> and shared by a group <literal>bar</literal> by the following." msgstr "例えば次のようにするとディレクトリーツリーの所有者をユーザー <literal>foo</literal> に変更しグループ <literal>bar</literal> で共有できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1733 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# cd /some/location/\n" "# chown -R foo:bar .\n" "# chmod -R ug+rwX,o=rX ." msgstr "" "# cd /some/location/\n" "# chown -R foo:bar .\n" "# chmod -R ug+rwX,o=rX ." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1736 msgid "There are three more special permission bits." msgstr "更に特殊なパーミッションビットが3つ存在します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1740 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> bit (<emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> instead of user's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットユーザー ID</emphasis> ビット (ユーザーの <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis> に代えて <emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> か <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1745 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> bit (<emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> instead of group's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> セットグループ ID</emphasis> ビット (グループの <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis> に代えて <emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> か <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1750 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky</emphasis> bit (<emphasis role=\"strong\">t</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">T</emphasis> instead of other's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティッキ</emphasis>ビット (他ユーザーの <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis> に代えて <emphasis role=\"strong\">t</emphasis> か <emphasis role=\"strong\">T</emphasis>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1754 msgid "Here the output of \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" for these bits is <emphasis role=\"strong\">capitalized</emphasis> if execution bits hidden by these outputs are <emphasis role=\"strong\">unset</emphasis>." msgstr "ここで、これらのビットの \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" のアウトプットはこれらの出力によってかくされた実行ビットが<emphasis role=\"strong\">非設定 (unset)</emphasis> の場合<emphasis role=\"strong\">大文字</emphasis>となります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1755 msgid "Setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> on an executable file allows a user to execute the executable file with the owner ID of the file (for example <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>). Similarly, setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> on an executable file allows a user to execute the executable file with the group ID of the file (for example <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>). Because these settings can cause security risks, enabling them requires extra caution." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットユーザー ID</emphasis> を実行ファイルにセットすると、ユーザーはファイルの所有者 ID (例えば、<emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>) を使って実行ファイルを実行することを許可されます。同様に、<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループ ID</emphasis> を実行ファイルにセットすると、ユーザーはファイルのグループ ID (例えば、<emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>) を使って実行ファイルを実行することを許可されます。これらの設定はセキュリティーを破壊するリスクを引き起こすので、これらのビットを有効にするには特別な注意が必要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1756 msgid "Setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> on a directory enables the <ulink url=\"&bsdlike;\">BSD-like</ulink> file creation scheme where all files created in the directory belong to the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> of the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループ ID</emphasis> をディレクトリーに対して有効にすると、ディレクトリーに作成した全ファイルがディレクトリーの<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ</emphasis>に所属するという <ulink url=\"&bsdlike;\">BSD 的</ulink>ファイル生成手法が有効になります。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1757 msgid "Setting the <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> on a directory prevents a file in the directory from being removed by a user who is not the owner of the file. In order to secure contents of a file in world-writable directories such as \"<literal>/tmp</literal>\" or in group-writable directories, one must not only reset the <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> permission for the file but also set the <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> on the directory. Otherwise, the file can be removed and a new file can be created with the same name by any user who has write access to the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティッキビット</emphasis>をディレクトリーに対して有効にすると、ディレクトリーにあるファイルがファイルの所有者以外から削除されるのを防ぎます。\"<literal>/tmp</literal>\" のような全員書込み可能ディレクトリーやグループ書込み可能なディレクトリーなどのにあるファイルの内容を安全にするためには、<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み</emphasis>パーミッションを無効にするだけでなく、ディレクトリーに<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティッキビット</emphasis>もセットする必要があります。さもなければ、ディレクトリーに書込みアクセスできるユーザーにより、ファイルが削除され、同じ名前で新規ファイルが作成されることを許してしまいます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1758 msgid "Here are a few interesting examples of file permissions." msgstr "ファイルパーミッションの興味ある例を次にいくつか示します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1759 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ls -l /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /dev/ppp /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "crw------- 1 root root 108, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ppp\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1427 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/passwd\n" "-rw-r----- 1 root shadow 943 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/shadow\n" "-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 700056 2007-04-22 05:29 /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "$ ls -ld /tmp /var/tmp /usr/local /var/mail /usr/src\n" "drwxrwxrwt 10 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:59 /tmp\n" "drwxrwsr-x 10 root staff 4096 2007-03-24 18:48 /usr/local\n" "drwxrwsr-x 4 root src 4096 2007-04-27 00:31 /usr/src\n" "drwxrwsr-x 2 root mail 4096 2007-03-28 23:33 /var/mail\n" "drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:11 /var/tmp" msgstr "" "$ ls -l /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /dev/ppp /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "crw------- 1 root root 108, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ppp\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1427 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/passwd\n" "-rw-r----- 1 root shadow 943 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/shadow\n" "-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 700056 2007-04-22 05:29 /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "$ ls -ld /tmp /var/tmp /usr/local /var/mail /usr/src\n" "drwxrwxrwt 10 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:59 /tmp\n" "drwxrwsr-x 10 root staff 4096 2007-03-24 18:48 /usr/local\n" "drwxrwsr-x 4 root src 4096 2007-04-27 00:31 /usr/src\n" "drwxrwsr-x 2 root mail 4096 2007-03-28 23:33 /var/mail\n" "drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:11 /var/tmp" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1770 msgid "There is an alternative numeric mode to describe file permissions with <literal>chmod</literal>(1). This numeric mode uses 3 to 4 digit wide octal (radix=8) numbers." msgstr "<literal>chmod</literal>(1) を用いて、ファイルパーミッションを記述するためのもう一つの数字モードが存在します。この数字モードは8進数を使った3桁から4桁の数字を用います。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1772 msgid "The numeric mode for file permissions in <literal>chmod</literal>(1) commands" msgstr "<literal>chmod</literal>(1) コマンドで用いられるファイルパーミッションの数字モード" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1779 msgid "digit" msgstr "数字" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1789 msgid "1st optional digit" msgstr "1桁目 (任意)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1792 msgid "sum of <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> (=2), and <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> (=1)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットユーザー ID</emphasis> (=4) と<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループ ID</emphasis> (=2) と<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティキービット</emphasis> (=1) の和" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1797 msgid "2nd digit" msgstr "2桁目" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1800 msgid "sum of <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (=2), and <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (=1) permissions for <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー</emphasis>に関する、<emphasis role=\"strong\">読出し (read)</emphasis> (=4) と<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み (write)</emphasis> (=2) と<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行 (execute)</emphasis> (=1) のファイルパーミッションの和" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1805 msgid "3rd digit" msgstr "3桁目" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1808 msgid "ditto for <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ</emphasis>に関して、同上" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1813 msgid "4th digit" msgstr "4桁目" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1816 msgid "ditto for <emphasis role=\"strong\">other</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー</emphasis>に関して、同上" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1822 msgid "This sounds complicated but it is actually quite simple. If you look at the first few (2-10) columns from \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" command output and read it as a binary (radix=2) representation of file permissions (\"-\" being \"0\" and \"rwx\" being \"1\"), the last 3 digit of the numeric mode value should make sense as an octal (radix=8) representation of file permissions to you." msgstr "これは複雑に聞こえるかもしれませんが、実際は本当にシンプルです。\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" コマンドの出力の最初の数列 (2〜10列) を見て、それをファイルパーミッションのバイナリー表記 (2進数) (\"-\" を \"0\"、\"rwx\" を \"1\") として読むと、この数字モードの値はファイルパーミッションの8進数表現として意味を持ちます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1823 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2189 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3026 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3049 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3589 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4031 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4243 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4318 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4326 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4675 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4723 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4788 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4803 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13699 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19104 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24233 msgid "For example, try the following" msgstr "例えば、次を試してみて下さい:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1824 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ touch foo bar\n" "$ chmod u=rw,go=r foo\n" "$ chmod 644 bar\n" "$ ls -l foo bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:22 bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:22 foo" msgstr "" "$ touch foo bar\n" "$ chmod u=rw,go=r foo\n" "$ chmod 644 bar\n" "$ ls -l foo bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:22 bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:22 foo" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1831 msgid "If you need to access information displayed by \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" in shell script, you should use pertinent commands such as <literal>test</literal>(1), <literal>stat</literal>(1) and <literal>readlink</literal>(1). The shell builtin such as \"<literal>[</literal>\" or \"<literal>test</literal>\" may be used too." msgstr "シェルスクリプトから \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" で表示される情報にアクセスする必要がある際には、<literal>test</literal>(1) や <literal>stat</literal>(1) や <literal>readlink</literal>(1) のような適切なコマンドの使用を考えるべきです。シェル組込みコマンドの \"<literal>[</literal>\" や \"<literal>test</literal>\" を使うのも手です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1835 msgid "Control of permissions for newly created files: umask" msgstr "新規作成ファイルのパーミッションのコントロール: umask" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1836 msgid "What permissions are applied to a newly created file or directory is restricted by the <literal>umask</literal> shell builtin command. See <literal>dash</literal>(1), <literal>bash</literal>(1), and <literal>builtins</literal>(7)." msgstr "新規作成ファイルのやディレクトリーに適用されるパーミッションは <literal>umask</literal> シェル組込みコマンドを使うことにより制限できます。<literal>dash</literal>(1) か <literal>bash</literal>(1) か <literal>builtins</literal>(7) をご覧下さい。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1837 #, no-wrap msgid " (file permissions) = (requested file permissions) & ~(umask value)" msgstr "(ファイルパーミッション) = (要求されたパーミッション) & ~(umask 値)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1839 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">umask</emphasis> value examples" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">umask</emphasis> 値の例" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1848 msgid "umask" msgstr "umask" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1851 msgid "file permissions created" msgstr "作成されるファイルパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1854 msgid "directory permissions created" msgstr "作成されるディレクトリーパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1857 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26484 msgid "usage" msgstr "使い方" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1864 msgid "<literal>0022</literal>" msgstr "<literal>0022</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1867 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9994 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10028 msgid "<literal>-rw-r--r--</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rw-r--r--</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1870 msgid "<literal>-rwxr-xr-x</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rwxr-xr-x</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1873 msgid "writable only by the user" msgstr "ユーザーのみにより書込み可" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1878 msgid "<literal>0002</literal>" msgstr "<literal>0002</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1881 msgid "<literal>-rw-rw-r--</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rw-rw-r--</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1884 msgid "<literal>-rwxrwxr-x</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rwxrwxr-x</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1887 msgid "writable by the group" msgstr "グループにより書込み可" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1893 msgid "The Debian system uses a user private group (UPG) scheme as its default. A UPG is created whenever a new user is added to the system. A UPG has the same name as the user for which it was created and that user is the only member of the UPG. UPG scheme makes it is safe to set umask to <literal>0002</literal> since every user has their own private group. (In some Unix variants, it is quite common to setup all normal users belonging to a single <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>users</literal></emphasis> group and is good idea to set umask to <literal>0022</literal> for security in such cases.)" msgstr "Debian システムはユーザー専用グループ (UPG) 方式がデフォールト方式です。新規ユーザーがシステムに追加される毎に UPG は作成されます。UPG はそのグループを作成したユーザーと同じ名前を持ち、そのユーザーが UPG の唯一のメンバーです。UPG 方式では、全ユーザーが各自専用のグループを持つので umask を <literal>0002</literal> と設定しても安全です。(一部 Unix 系システムでは全一般ユーザーを1つの <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>users</literal></emphasis> グループに所属させることがよく行われます。そのような場合には安全のため <literal>0022</literal> と umask を設定します。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1896 msgid "Permissions for groups of users (group)" msgstr "ユーザーのグループ (group) のパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1897 msgid "In order to make group permissions to be applied to a particular user, that user needs to be made a member of the group using \"<literal>sudo vigr</literal>\"." msgstr "グループパーミッションを特定ユーザーに適用するには、\"<literal>sudo vigr</literal>\" を用いてそのユーザーをグループのメンバーにする必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1899 msgid "Alternatively, you may dynamically add users to groups during the authentication process by adding \"<literal>auth optional pam_group.so</literal>\" line to \"<literal>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</literal>\" and setting \"<literal>/etc/security/group.conf</literal>\". (See <xref linkend=\"_authentication\"/>.)" msgstr "もし \"<literal>auth optional pam_group.so</literal>\" 行が \"<literal>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</literal>\" に書き加えれ、\"<literal>/etc/security/group.conf</literal>\" に対応する設定がされていれば、実際のユーザーのグループメンバーシップは動的に割り当てられます。(<xref linkend=\"_authentication\"/>参照。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1901 msgid "The hardware devices are just another kind of file on the Debian system. If you have problems accessing devices such as CD-ROM and USB memory stick from a user account, you should make that user a member of the relevant group." msgstr "ハードウエアーデバイスは Debian システム上では一種のファイルでしかありません。CD-ROM や USB メモリースティックのようなデバイスをユーザーアカウントからアクセスするのに問題があった場合にはそのユーザーを該当するグループのメンバーにします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1902 msgid "Some notable system-provided groups allow their members to access particular files and devices without <literal>root</literal> privilege." msgstr "いくつかのシステムが供給するグループはそのメンバーに <literal>root</literal> 権限無しに特定のファイルやデバイスにアクセスすることを可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1904 msgid "List of notable system-provided groups for file access" msgstr "ファイルアクセスのためにシステムが供給する特記すべきグループのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1911 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1998 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9981 msgid "group" msgstr "グループ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1914 msgid "description for accessible files and devices" msgstr "アクセスできるファイルやデバイスの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1921 msgid "<literal>dialout</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dialout</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1924 msgid "full and direct access to serial ports (\"<literal>/dev/ttyS[0-3]</literal>\")" msgstr "シリアルポート (\"<literal>/dev/ttyS[0-3]</literal>\") への全面的かつ直接のアクセス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1929 msgid "<literal>dip</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dip</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1932 msgid "limited access to serial ports for <emphasis role=\"strong\">Dialup IP</emphasis> connection to trusted peers" msgstr "信頼できるピアーに<emphasis role=\"strong\">ダイヤルアップ IP</emphasis> 接続をするためのシリアルポートへの制限付きアクセス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1937 msgid "<literal>cdrom</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cdrom</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1940 msgid "CD-ROM, DVD+/-RW drives" msgstr "CD-ROM や DVD+/-RW のドライバー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1945 msgid "<literal>audio</literal>" msgstr "<literal>audio</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1948 msgid "audio device" msgstr "音声デバイス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1953 msgid "<literal>video</literal>" msgstr "<literal>video</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1956 msgid "video device" msgstr "映像デバイス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1961 msgid "<literal>scanner</literal>" msgstr "<literal>scanner</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1964 msgid "scanner(s)" msgstr "スキャナー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1969 msgid "<literal>adm</literal>" msgstr "<literal>adm</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1972 msgid "system monitoring logs" msgstr "システムモニターのログ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1977 msgid "<literal>staff</literal>" msgstr "<literal>staff</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1980 msgid "some directories for junior administrative work: \"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\", \"<literal>/home</literal>\"" msgstr "下級管理業務のためのディレクトリー: \"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\"、\"<literal>/home</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1987 msgid "You need to belong to the <literal>dialout</literal> group to reconfigure modem, dial anywhere, etc. But if <literal>root</literal> creates pre-defined configuration files for trusted peers in \"<literal>/etc/ppp/peers/</literal>\", you only need to belong to the <literal>dip</literal> group to create <emphasis role=\"strong\">Dialup IP</emphasis> connection to those trusted peers using <literal>pppd</literal>(8), <literal>pon</literal>(1), and <literal>poff</literal>(1) commands." msgstr "モデムの設定をしたりどこにでも電話したり等するには <literal>dialout</literal> グループに所属する必要があります。もし信頼できるピアーに関する事前定義された設定ファイル \"<literal>/etc/ppp/peers/</literal>\" が <literal>root</literal> によって作成されていると、<literal>dip</literal> グループに属するだけで <literal>pppd</literal>(8) や <literal>pon</literal>(1) や <literal>poff</literal>(1) コマンドを用いて<emphasis role=\"strong\">ダイヤルアップ IP</emphasis> 接続が作成できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1989 msgid "Some notable system-provided groups allow their members to execute particular commands without <literal>root</literal> privilege." msgstr "いくつかのシステムが供給するグループはそのメンバーに <literal>root</literal> 権限無しに特定のコマンドを実行することを可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1991 msgid "List of notable system provided groups for particular command executions" msgstr "特定コマンド実行のためにシステムが供給する特記すべきグループのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2001 msgid "accessible commands" msgstr "実行可能なコマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2008 msgid "<literal>sudo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sudo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2011 msgid "execute <literal>sudo</literal> without their password" msgstr "パスワード無しに <literal>sudo</literal> を実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2016 msgid "<literal>lpadmin</literal>" msgstr "<literal>lpadmin</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2019 msgid "execute commands to add, modify, and remove printers from printer databases" msgstr "プリンターのデーターベースからプリンターを追加・変更・削除するコマンドを実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2024 msgid "<literal>plugdev</literal>" msgstr "<literal>plugdev</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2027 msgid "execute <literal>pmount</literal>(1) for removable devices such as USB memories" msgstr "USB メモリーのようなリムーバブルデバイスに関して <literal>pmount</literal>(1) を実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2033 msgid "For the full listing of the system provided users and groups, see the recent version of the \"Users and Groups\" document in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\" provided by the <literal>base-passwd</literal> package." msgstr "システムが供給するユーザーやグループの完全なリストは、<literal>base-passwd</literal> パッケージが供給する \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\" の中にある最新バージョンの \"Users and Groups\" 文書を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2034 msgid "See <literal>passwd</literal>(5), <literal>group</literal>(5), <literal>shadow</literal>(5), <literal>newgrp</literal>(1), <literal>vipw</literal>(8), <literal>vigr</literal>(8), and <literal>pam_group</literal>(8) for management commands of the user and group system." msgstr "ユーザーやグループシステムを管理するコマンドは <literal>passwd</literal>(5) や <literal>group</literal>(5) や <literal>shadow</literal>(5) や <literal>newgrp</literal>(1) や <literal>vipw</literal>(8) や <literal>vigr</literal>(8) や <literal>pam_group</literal>(8) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2037 msgid "Timestamps" msgstr "タイムスタンプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2038 msgid "There are three types of timestamps for a GNU/Linux file." msgstr "GNU/Linux ファイルのタイムスタンプには3種類あります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2040 msgid "List of types of timestamps" msgstr "タイムスタンプのタイプのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2047 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11102 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13960 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14896 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15336 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16701 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17686 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17952 msgid "type" msgstr "タイプ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2057 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2060 msgid "the file modification time (<literal>ls -l</literal>)" msgstr "ファイル内容変更時間 (<literal>ls -l</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2065 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2068 msgid "the file status change time (<literal>ls -lc</literal>)" msgstr "ファイル状態変更時間 (<literal>ls -lc</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2073 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2076 msgid "the last file access time (<literal>ls -lu</literal>)" msgstr "ファイル最終アクセス時間 (<literal>ls -lu</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2083 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> is not file creation time." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> はファイル作成日時ではありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2088 msgid "Overwriting a file changes all of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>, and <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> attributes of the file." msgstr "ファイルが上書きされると、ファイルの <emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis> と <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> と <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> の属性すべてが変更されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2093 msgid "Changing ownership or permission of a file changes the <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> attributes of the file." msgstr "ファイルの所有者やパーミッションの変更をすると、ファイルの <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> や <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> アトリビュートを変えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2098 msgid "Reading a file changes the <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> of the file." msgstr "ファイルを読むとファイルの <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> が変更されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2103 msgid "Even simply reading a file on the Debian system normally causes a file write operation to update <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> information in the <emphasis role=\"strong\">inode</emphasis>. Mounting a filesystem with \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" or \"<literal>relatime</literal>\" option makes the system skip this operation and results in faster file access for the read. This is often recommended for laptops, because it reduces hard drive activity and saves power. See <literal>mount</literal>(8)." msgstr "Debian システム上のファイルを単に読むだけで <emphasis role=\"strong\">inode</emphasis> 中の <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> 情報を更新する書込みオペレーションが通常引き起こされることを覚えておいて下さい。ファイルシステムを \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" や \"<literal>relatime</literal>\" オプションを用いてマウントすることでシステムはこのようなオペレーションをしなくなるので、ファイルへの読出しアクセスを高速化できます。ハードディスクの活動を抑えパワーの節約ができるのでこのような設定はラップトップ向けに推奨されます。<literal>mount</literal>(8) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2105 msgid "Use <literal>touch</literal>(1) command to change timestamps of existing files." msgstr "既存ファイルのタイムスタンプを変更するには <literal>touch</literal>(1) コマンドを使って下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2106 msgid "For timestamps, the <literal>ls</literal> command outputs different strings under the modern English locale (\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\") from under the old one (\"<literal>C</literal>\")." msgstr "タイムスタンプに関して、現代の英語ロケール (\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\") では旧式の英語ロケール (\"<literal>C</literal>\") と違った文字列が <literal>ls</literal> コマンドから出力されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2107 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 2008-03-05 00:47 foo\n" "$ LANG=C ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 Mar 5 00:47 foo" msgstr "" "$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 2008-03-05 00:47 foo\n" "$ LANG=C ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 Mar 5 00:47 foo" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2112 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_customized_display_of_time_and_date\"/> to customize \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" output." msgstr "\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" の出力のカスタム化は<xref linkend=\"_customized_display_of_time_and_date\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2116 msgid "Links" msgstr "リンク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2117 msgid "There are two methods of associating a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" with a different filename \"<literal>bar</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>foo</literal>\" というファイルを異なるファイル名 \"<literal>bar</literal>\" に結びつけるのには2つの方法があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2121 msgid "<ulink url=\"&hardlink;\">Hard link</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&hardlink;\">ハードリンク</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2126 msgid "Duplicate name for an existing file" msgstr "既存ファイルの重複名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2131 msgid "\"<literal>ln foo bar</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>ln foo bar</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2138 msgid "<ulink url=\"&symboliclinkorsymlink;\">Symbolic link or symlink</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&symboliclinkorsymlink;\">シンボリックリンクもしくはシムリンク</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2143 msgid "Special file that points to another file by name" msgstr "他のファイルをその名前で指す特殊ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2148 msgid "\"<literal>ln -s foo bar</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>ln -s foo bar</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2154 msgid "See the following example for changes in link counts and the subtle differences in the result of the <literal>rm</literal> command." msgstr "リンク数の変化と <literal>rm</literal> コマンドの結果の微妙な違いについての次の例をご覧下さい。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2155 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo \"Original Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ ln foo bar # hard link\n" "$ ln -s foo baz # symlink\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ rm foo\n" "$ echo \"New Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398540 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:17 foo\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Original Content\n" "$ cat baz\n" "New Content" msgstr "" "$ echo \"Original Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ ln foo bar # hard link\n" "$ ln -s foo baz # symlink\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ rm foo\n" "$ echo \"New Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398540 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:17 foo\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Original Content\n" "$ cat baz\n" "New Content" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2174 msgid "The hardlink can be made within the same filesystem and shares the same inode number which the \"<literal>-i</literal>\" option with <literal>ls</literal>(1) reveals." msgstr "ハードリンクは同一ファイルシステム内に作れ、<literal>ls</literal>(1) コマンドに \"<literal>-i</literal>\" オプションを使って表示される inode 番号が同じです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2175 msgid "The symlink always has nominal file access permissions of \"<literal>rwxrwxrwx</literal>\", as shown in the above example, with the effective access permissions dictated by permissions of the file that it points to." msgstr "シンボリックリンクは上の例に示したように、常にファイルアクセスパーミッション \"<literal>rwxrwxrwx</literal>\" を持ちますので、シンボリックリンクが指すファイルのアクセスパーミッションが有効ファイルアクセスパーミッションとなります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2177 msgid "It is generally good idea not to create complicated symbolic links or hardlinks at all unless you have a very good reason. It may cause nightmares where the logical combination of the symbolic links results in loops in the filesystem." msgstr "もし特段の理由がないなら複雑なシンボリックリンクやハードリンクを作らない方が一般的には良いでしょう。シンボリックリンクの論理的組み合わせがファイルシステム中でループになっているという悪夢を引き起こすかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2180 msgid "It is generally preferable to use symbolic links rather than hardlinks unless you have a good reason for using a hardlink." msgstr "もしハードリンクを使う特段の理由がなければ、ハードリンクよりシンボリックリンクを使う方が一般的には良いでしょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2182 msgid "The \"<literal>.</literal>\" directory links to the directory that it appears in, thus the link count of any new directory starts at 2. The \"<literal>..</literal>\" directory links to the parent directory, thus the link count of the directory increases with the addition of new subdirectories." msgstr "\"<literal>.</literal>\" ディレクトリーは、それ自身が中にあるディレクトリーとリンクしていますので、新規ディレクトリーのリンク数は2から始まります。\"<literal>..</literal>\" ディレクトリーは親ディレクトリーとリンクしているので、ディレクトリーのリンク数は新規サブディレクトリーの増加に伴い増加します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2183 msgid "If you are just moving to Linux from Windows, it soon becomes clear how well-designed the filename linking of Unix is, compared with the nearest Windows equivalent of \"shortcuts\". Because it is implemented in the filesystem, applications can't see any difference between a linked file and the original. In the case of hardlinks, there really is no difference." msgstr "もし最近あなたが Windows から Linux に移動してきたなら、Unix のファイル名のリンクは Windows 上でもっとも似ている \"shortcuts\" との比較で如何にうまくできているかにすぐ気づくでしょう。ファイルシステム中に実装されているのでアプリケーションからはリンクされたファイルなのかオリジナルなのかの区別がつきません。ハードリンクの場合は実際全く違いはありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2186 msgid "Named pipes (FIFOs)" msgstr "名前付きパイプ (FIFO)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2187 msgid "A <ulink url=\"&namedpipe;\">named pipe</ulink> is a file that acts like a pipe. You put something into the file, and it comes out the other end. Thus it's called a FIFO, or First-In-First-Out: the first thing you put in the pipe is the first thing to come out the other end." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&namedpipe;\">名前付きパイプ</ulink>は、パイプのように働くファイルです。何かをファイルに入れると、もう一方の端からそれが出てきます。こうしてこれは FIFO または First-In-First-Out (先入れ先出し) と呼ばれます。つまり、最初にパイプに入れられたものが最初にもう一方の端から出てきます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2188 msgid "If you write to a named pipe, the process which is writing to the pipe doesn't terminate until the information being written is read from the pipe. If you read from a named pipe, the reading process waits until there is nothing to read before terminating. The size of the pipe is always zero --- it does not store data, it just links two processes like the shell \"<literal>|</literal>\". However, since this pipe has a name, the two processes don't have to be on the same command line or even be run by the same user. Pipes were a very influential innovation of Unix." msgstr "名前付きパイプに書き込む場合、パイプに書き込むプロセスは情報がパイプから読出されるまで終了しません。名前付きパイプから読み出す場合、読出すプロセス何か読出すものが無くなるまで終了するのを待ちます。パイプのサイズは常に 0 です。 -- 名前付きパイプはデーターを保存せず、 シェルの \"<literal>|</literal>\" のように2つのプロセスをリンクするだけです。しかし、このパイプは名前を持つので、2つのプロセスは同じコマンドラインになくても良いし、同じユーザーにより実行される必要さえありません。パイプは Unix の非常に影響力ある発明でした。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2190 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ cd; mkfifo mypipe\n" "$ echo \"hello\" >mypipe & # put into background\n" "[1] 8022\n" "$ ls -l mypipe\n" "prw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 0 2007-04-29 08:25 mypipe\n" "$ cat mypipe\n" "hello\n" "[1]+ Done echo \"hello\" >mypipe\n" "$ ls mypipe\n" "mypipe\n" "$ rm mypipe" msgstr "" "$ cd; mkfifo mypipe\n" "$ echo \"hello\" >mypipe & # put into background\n" "[1] 8022\n" "$ ls -l mypipe\n" "prw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 0 2007-04-29 08:25 mypipe\n" "$ cat mypipe\n" "hello\n" "[1]+ Done echo \"hello\" >mypipe\n" "$ ls mypipe\n" "mypipe\n" "$ rm mypipe" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2203 msgid "Sockets" msgstr "ソケット" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2204 msgid "Sockets are used extensively by all the Internet communication, databases, and the operating system itself. It is similar to the named pipe (FIFO) and allows processes to exchange information even between different computers. For the socket, those processes do not need to be running at the same time nor to be running as the children of the same ancestor process. This is the endpoint for <ulink url=\"&theinterprocesscommunicationipc;\">the inter process communication (IPC)</ulink>. The exchange of information may occur over the network between different hosts. The two most common ones are <ulink url=\"&theinternetsocket;\">the Internet socket</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&theunixdomainsocket;\">the Unix domain socket</ulink>." msgstr "ソケットはインターネットのコミュニケーションやデーターベースやオペレーティングシステム自身によって頻繁に使われます。ソケットは名前つきパイプ (FIFO) に似ており、異なるコンピューター間でさえプロセス間の情報交換を可能にします。ソケットにとって、これらのプロセスは同時に実行する必要も、同じ祖先プロセスの子供である必要もありません。これは<ulink url=\"&theinterprocesscommunicationipc;\">プロセス間通信 (IPC)</ulink> の終端点です。ネットワーク越しで異なるホストの間で情報の交換をすることも可能です。2つの典型的なソケットは、<ulink url=\"&theinternetsocket;\">インターネットソケット</ulink>と <ulink url=\"&theunixdomainsocket;\">Unix ドメインソケット</ulink>です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2206 msgid "\"<literal>netstat -an</literal>\" provides a very useful overview of sockets that are open on a given system." msgstr "\"<literal>netstat -an</literal>\" を実行すると特定のシステム上のソケットの全般状況がよく分かります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2210 msgid "Device files" msgstr "デバイスファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2211 msgid "<ulink url=\"&devicefiles;\">Device files</ulink> refer to physical or virtual devices on your system, such as your hard disk, video card, screen, or keyboard. An example of a virtual device is the console, represented by \"<literal>/dev/console</literal>\"." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&devicefiles;\">デバイスファイル</ulink>は、システム上のハードディスク、ビデオカード、ディスプレー、キーボードなどの物理デバイス又は仮想デバイス等を意味します。仮想デバイスの例として \"<literal>/dev/console</literal>\" として表されるコンソールがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2212 msgid "There are 2 types of device files." msgstr "2タイプのデバイスファイルがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Character device</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">文字デバイス</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2221 msgid "Accessed one character at a time" msgstr "1文字毎にアクセス可能" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2226 msgid "1 character = 1 byte" msgstr "1文字 = 1 バイト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2231 msgid "E.g. keyboard device, serial port, …" msgstr "例: キーボードデバイス、シリアルポート等" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2238 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Block device</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ブロックデバイス</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2243 msgid "accessed in larger units called blocks" msgstr "比較的大きなブロック単位でアクセス可能" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2248 msgid "1 block > 1 byte" msgstr "1 ブロック > 1 バイト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2253 msgid "E.g. hard disk, …" msgstr "例: ハードディスク等" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2259 msgid "You can read and write device files, though the file may well contain binary data which may be an incomprehensible-to-humans gibberish. Writing data directly to these files is sometimes useful for the troubleshooting of hardware connections. For example, you can dump a text file to the printer device \"<literal>/dev/lp0</literal>\" or send modem commands to the appropriate serial port \"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\". But, unless this is done carefully, it may cause a major disaster. So be cautious." msgstr "デバイスファイルの読出し書込みが可能ですが、人間にとっては意味不明のバイナリーデーターがファイル中に多分含まれています。データーを直接デバイスファイルに書き込むことは時々ハードウェアの接続に関するトラブルシュートに役立ちます。例えば、プリンタデバイス \"<literal>/dev/lp0</literal>\" にテキストファイルをダンプしたり、 適切なシリアルポート \"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" にモデムコマンドを送ることができます。しかし、注意深くやらないと、大災害をもたらすことがあります。くれぐれも気をつけて下さい。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2261 msgid "For the normal access to a printer, use <literal>lp</literal>(1)." msgstr "通常のプリンターへのアクセスは <literal>lp</literal>(1) を使います。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2263 msgid "The device node number are displayed by executing <literal>ls</literal>(1) as the following." msgstr "次のように <literal>ls</literal>(1) を実行するとデバイスノード番号が表示されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2264 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ls -l /dev/hda /dev/ttyS0 /dev/zero\n" "brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 3, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/hda\n" "crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ttyS0\n" "crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/zero" msgstr "" "$ ls -l /dev/hda /dev/ttyS0 /dev/zero\n" "brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 3, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/hda\n" "crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ttyS0\n" "crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/zero" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2271 msgid "\"<literal>/dev/hda</literal>\" has the major device number 3 and the minor device number 0. This is read/write accessible by the user who belongs to <literal>cdrom</literal> group." msgstr "\"<literal>/dev/hda</literal>\" はメジャーデバイス番号3 とマイナーデバイス番号0 を持ちます。これは <literal>cdrom</literal> グループに所属するユーザーにより、読出し / 書込みアクセスが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2276 msgid "\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" has the major device number 4 and the minor device number 64. This is read/write accessible by the user who belongs to <literal>dialout</literal> group." msgstr "\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" はメジャーデバイス番号4 とマイナーデバイス番号64 を持ちます。これは <literal>dialout</literal> グループに所属するユーザーにより、読出し / 書込みアクセスが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2281 msgid "\"<literal>/dev/zero</literal>\" has the major device number 1 and the minor device number 5. This is read/write accessible by anyone." msgstr "\"<literal>/dev/zero</literal>\" はメジャーデバイス番号1 とマイナーデバイス番号5 を持ちます。これは誰によっても読出し / 書込みアクセスが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2285 msgid "In the Linux 2.6 system, the filesystem under \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\" is automatically populated by the <literal>udev</literal>(7) mechanism." msgstr "Linux 2.6 システムでは、\"<literal>/dev/</literal>\" の下のファイルは <literal>udev</literal>(7) メカニズムで自動的に充足されます。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2288 msgid "Special device files" msgstr "特別なデバイスファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2289 msgid "There are some special device files." msgstr "いくつかの特別なデバイスファイルがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2291 msgid "List of special device files" msgstr "スペシャルなデバイスファイルのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2299 msgid "device file" msgstr "デバイスファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2302 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2954 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7341 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12463 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13065 msgid "action" msgstr "アクション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2305 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20221 msgid "description of response" msgstr "レスポンスの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2312 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2323 msgid "<literal>/dev/null</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/null</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2315 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2337 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2348 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2359 msgid "read" msgstr "読出し" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2318 msgid "return \"end-of-file (EOF) character\"" msgstr "\"行末 (EOF) 文字 \" を返す" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2326 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2370 msgid "write" msgstr "書込み" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2329 msgid "return nothing (a bottomless data dump pit)" msgstr "何も返さず (底なしのデーターのゴミ捨て場)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2334 msgid "<literal>/dev/zero</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/zero</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2340 msgid "return \"the <literal>\\0</literal> (NUL) character\" (not the same as the number zero ASCII)" msgstr "\"<literal>\\0</literal> (NUL) 文字\" を返す (ASCII の数字のゼロとは違う)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2345 msgid "<literal>/dev/random</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/random</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2351 msgid "return random characters from a true random number generator, delivering real entropy (slow)" msgstr "真の乱数発生機から真のエントロピーのあるランダムな文字を返す (遅い)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2356 msgid "<literal>/dev/urandom</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/urandom</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2362 msgid "return random characters from a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator" msgstr "暗号学的にセキュアーな擬似乱数発生機からランダムな文字を返す" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2367 msgid "<literal>/dev/full</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/full</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2373 msgid "return the disk-full (ENOSPC) error" msgstr "ディスクフル (ENOSPC) エラーを返す" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2379 msgid "These are frequently used in conjunction with the shell redirection (see <xref linkend=\"_typical_command_sequences_and_shell_redirection\"/>)." msgstr "以上はシェルのリディレクションとともによく使われます。(<xref linkend=\"_typical_command_sequences_and_shell_redirection\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2382 msgid "procfs and sysfs" msgstr "procfs と sysfs" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2383 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&procfs;\">procfs</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&sysfs;\">sysfs</ulink> mounted on \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" and \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" are the pseudo-filesystem and expose internal data structures of the kernel to the userspace. In other word, these entries are virtual, meaning that they act as a convenient window into the operation of the operating system." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&procfs;\">procfs</ulink> と <ulink url=\"&sysfs;\">sysfs</ulink> は \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" や \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" 上にマウントされる仮想ファイルシステムであり、カーネルの内部データー構造をユーザー空間にさらけ出します。言い換えると、オペレーティングシステムのオペレーションへの便利なのぞき窓となると言う意味で仮想といえます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2384 msgid "The directory \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" contains (among other things) one subdirectory for each process running on the system, which is named after the process ID (PID). System utilities that access process information, such as <literal>ps</literal>(1), get their information from this directory structure." msgstr "\"<literal>/proc</literal>\" ディレクトリー中には、システム上で実行されている各プロセスに対応したそのプロセス ID (PID) の名前がついたサブディレクトリー他があります。プロセス情報をアクセスする <literal>ps</literal>(1) のようなシステムユーティリティーはこのディレクトリー構造からその情報を得ています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2385 msgid "The directories under \"<literal>/proc/sys/</literal>\" contain interface to change certain kernel parameters at run time. (You may do the same through specialized <literal>sysctl</literal>(8) command or its preload/configuration file \"<literal>/etc/sysctrl.conf</literal>\".)" msgstr "\"<literal>/proc/sys/</literal>\" の下のディレクトリーには実行時のカーネル変数を変更するインターフェースがあります。(専用の <literal>sysctl</literal>(8) コマンドもしくはその起動 / 設定ファイル \"<literal>/etc/sysctrl.conf</literal>\" によっても同様のことができます。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2387 msgid "The Linux kernel may complain \"Too many open files\". You can fix this by increasing \"<literal>file-max</literal>\" value to a larger value from the root shell, e.g., \"<literal>echo \"65536\" > /proc/sys/fs/file-max</literal>\" (This was needed on older kernels)." msgstr "Linux カーネルが \"Too many open files\" とエラーを出力することがあります。root のシェルから、例えば \"<literal>echo \"65536\" > /proc/sys/fs/file-max</literal>\" 等と \"<literal>file-max</literal>\" の値をより大きな値に増加することで解決できます。(旧式カーネルではこれが必要でした。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2389 msgid "People frequently panic when they notice one file in particular - \"<literal>/proc/kcore</literal>\" - which is generally huge. This is (more or less) a copy of the content of your computer's memory. It's used to debug the kernel. It is a virtual file that points to computer memory, so don't worry about its size." msgstr "特にあるファイル - \"<literal>/proc/kcore</literal>\" - に気づくと、パニックになる人がよくいます。これは一般に巨大です。これは (おおよそ) コンピューターのメモリーの内容のコピーです。これは kernel をデバッグするのに用いられます。コンピューターのメモリーを指す仮想ファイルなので、そのサイズに関して心配する必要は全くありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2390 msgid "The directory under \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" contains exported kernel data structures, their attributes, and their linkages between them. It also contains interface to change certain kernel parameters at run time." msgstr "\"<literal>/sys</literal>\" の下のディレクトリーはカーネルから引き出されたデーター構造、その属性、それらの関連を含んでいます。一部カーネル変数を実行時に変更する機構もまた含まれたりします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2391 msgid "See \"<literal>proc.txt(.gz)</literal>\", \"<literal>sysfs.txt(.gz)</literal>\" and other related documents in the Linux kernel documentation (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/*</literal>\") provided by the <literal>linux-doc-2.6.*</literal> package." msgstr "<literal>linux-doc-2.6.*</literal> パッケージで供給される Linux カーネル文書 (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/*</literal>\") 中の \"<literal>proc.txt(.gz)</literal>\" や \"<literal>sysfs.txt(.gz)</literal>\" や関連する他の文書を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2395 msgid "Midnight Commander (MC)" msgstr "ミッドナイトコマンダー (MC)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2396 msgid "<ulink url=\"&midnightcommandermc;\">Midnight Commander (MC)</ulink> is a GNU \"Swiss army knife\" for the Linux console and other terminal environments. This gives newbie a menu driven console experience which is much easier to learn than standard Unix commands." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&midnightcommandermc;\">Midnight Commander (MC)</ulink> は Linux コンソールや他の端末環境のための GNU 製 \"スイス軍ナイフ\" です。標準 Unix コマンドを習うよりもより簡単なメニューを使ったコンソール経験が初心者にもできます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2397 msgid "You may need to install the Midnight Commander package which is titled \"<literal>mc</literal>\" by the following." msgstr "\"<literal>mc</literal>\" と名づけられた Midnight Commander パッケージを次のようにしてインストールする必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2398 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sudo apt-get install mc" msgstr "$ sudo apt-get install mc" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2399 msgid "Use the <literal>mc</literal>(1) command to explore the Debian system. This is the best way to learn. Please explore few interesting locations just using the cursor keys and Enter key." msgstr "Debian システムを探検するために <literal>mc</literal>(1) コマンドを使います。これは学習するための最良の方法です。カーソールキーとエンターキーを使うだけで興味深い場所をちょっと探検します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2403 msgid "\"<literal>/etc</literal>\" and its subdirectories" msgstr "\"<literal>/etc</literal>\" とサブディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2408 msgid "\"<literal>/var/log</literal>\" and its subdirectories" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/log</literal>\" とサブディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2413 msgid "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" and its subdirectories" msgstr "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" とサブディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2418 msgid "\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" and \"<literal>/bin</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" と \"<literal>/bin</literal>\"。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2423 msgid "Customization of MC" msgstr "MC のカスタム化" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2424 msgid "In order to make MC to change working directory upon exit and <literal>cd</literal> to the directory, I suggest to modify \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" to include a script provided by the <literal>mc</literal> package." msgstr "終了時に作業ディレクトリーを MC に変更させそのディレクトリーへ cd させるためには、<literal>mc</literal> パッケージが提供するスクリプトを \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" が含むように変更します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2425 #, no-wrap msgid ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh" msgstr ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2426 msgid "See <literal>mc</literal>(1) (under the \"<literal>-P</literal>\" option) for the reason. (If you do not understand what exactly I am talking here, you can do this later.)" msgstr "この理由は <literal>mc</literal>(1) (\"<literal>-P</literal>\" オプション項目) を参照下さい (今言っていることがよく分からないなら、これは後日しても大丈夫です。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2429 msgid "Starting MC" msgstr "MC の始動" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2430 msgid "MC can be started by the following." msgstr "MC は次のようにして起動します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2431 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc" msgstr "$ mc" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2432 msgid "MC takes care of all file operations through its menu, requiring minimal user effort. Just press F1 to get the help screen. You can play with MC just by pressing cursor-keys and function-keys." msgstr "MC を使うとメニューを通じた最小限のユーザーの努力で全てのファイル操作の面倒が見られます。ヘルプ表示を出すには、ただ F1 を押すだけです。カーソールキーとファンクションキーの操作だけで MC を使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2434 msgid "In some consoles such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), key strokes of function-keys may be stolen by the console program. You can disable these features by \"Edit\" → \"Keyboard Shortcuts\" for <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>." msgstr "<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1) のようなコンソールでは、ファンクションキーのキーストロークがコンソールプログラムに横取りされる事があります。<literal>gnome-terminal</literal> の場合、\"Edit\" → \"Keyboard Shortcuts\" とするとこの機能を無効にできます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2436 msgid "If you encounter character encoding problem which displays garbage characters, adding \"<literal>-a</literal>\" to MC's command line may help prevent problems." msgstr "もし文字化け表示がされる文字符号化 (エンコーディング) 問題に出会った際には、MC のコマンドラインに \"<literal>-a</literal>\" を加えると解消する事があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2437 msgid "If this doesn't clear up your display problems with MC, see <xref linkend=\"_the_terminal_configuration\"/>." msgstr "これでも MC の表示の問題が解消しない際には、<xref linkend=\"_the_terminal_configuration\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2440 msgid "File manager in MC" msgstr "MC のファイルマネージャー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2441 msgid "The default is two directory panels containing file lists. Another useful mode is to set the right window to \"information\" to see file access privilege information, etc. Following are some essential keystrokes. With the <literal>gpm</literal>(8) daemon running, one can use a mouse on Linux character consoles, too. (Make sure to press the shift-key to obtain the normal behavior of cut and paste in MC.)" msgstr "2つのディレクトリーパネルがありそれぞれファイルリストを含むのが標準です。他の便利なモードとしては、右側のウィンドウを \"information\" とセットしてファイルアクセス権情報などを表示するモードがあります。次にいくつかの不可欠なキーストロークを示します。<literal>gpm</literal>(8) デーモンを実行すると、Linux の文字ターミナルでマウスも使えます。(MC で通常の挙動のカットアンドペーストをさせるには、shift キーを押して下さい。) " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2443 msgid "The key bindings of MC" msgstr "MC のキーバインディング" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2450 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2824 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6361 msgid "key" msgstr "キー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2453 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6364 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18658 msgid "key binding" msgstr "キーバインディング" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2460 msgid "<literal>F1</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F1</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2463 msgid "help menu" msgstr "ヘルプメニュー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2468 msgid "<literal>F3</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F3</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2471 msgid "internal file viewer" msgstr "内部ファイルビューワー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2476 msgid "<literal>F4</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F4</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2479 msgid "internal editor" msgstr "内部エディター" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2484 msgid "<literal>F9</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F9</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2487 msgid "activate pull down menu" msgstr "プルダウンメニュー有効" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2492 msgid "<literal>F10</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F10</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2495 msgid "exit Midnight Commander" msgstr "MC を終了" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2500 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2921 msgid "<literal>Tab</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Tab</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2503 msgid "move between two windows" msgstr "二つのウィンドウの間を移動" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2507 msgid "<literal>Insert</literal> or <literal>Ctrl-T</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Insert</literal> もしくは <literal>Ctrl-T</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2510 msgid "mark file for a multiple-file operation such as copy" msgstr "コピーのような複数ファイル操作のためにファイルをマーク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2515 msgid "<literal>Del</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Del</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2518 msgid "delete file (be careful---set MC to safe delete mode)" msgstr "ファイルの削除 (気をつけましょう -- MC を安全削除モードに設定)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2523 msgid "Cursor keys" msgstr "カーソールキー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2526 msgid "self-explanatory" msgstr "自明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2534 msgid "Command-line tricks in MC" msgstr "MC のコマンドライントリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2537 msgid "<literal>cd</literal> command changes the directory shown on the selected screen." msgstr "<literal>cd</literal> コマンドは選択されたスクリーンに表示されたディレクトリーを変更します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2541 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Enter</literal> or <literal>Alt-Enter</literal> copies a filename to the command line. Use this with <literal>cp</literal>(1) and <literal>mv</literal>(1) commands together with command-line editing." msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Enter</literal> と <literal>Alt-Enter</literal> はファイル名をコマンドラインにコピーします。コマンドライン編集と一緒に <literal>cp</literal>(1) や <literal>mv</literal>(1) コマンドで御使用下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2545 msgid "<literal>Alt-Tab</literal> shows shell filename expansion choices." msgstr "<literal>Alt-Tab</literal> はシェルファイル名の自動展開の選択肢を表示します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2550 msgid "One can specify the starting directory for both windows as arguments to MC; for example, \"<literal>mc /etc /root</literal>\"." msgstr "MC の引数で両ウィンドウのスタートディレクトリーを指定できます。例えば \"<literal>mc /etc /root</literal>\"。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2554 msgid "<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>n-key</literal> → <literal>Fn</literal> (i.e., <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>1</literal> → <literal>F1</literal>, etc.; <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>0</literal> → <literal>F10</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>n-key</literal> → <literal>Fn</literal> (つまり、<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>1</literal> → <literal>F1</literal>、等々、<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>0</literal> → <literal>F10</literal>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2559 msgid "Pressing <literal>Esc</literal> before the key has the same effect as pressing the <literal>Alt</literal> and the key together.; i.e., type <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>c</literal> for <literal>Alt-C</literal>. <literal>Esc</literal> is called meta-key and sometimes noted as \"<literal>M-</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>Esc</literal> をキーの前に押すのは <literal>Alt</literal> をキーと同時に押すのと同様の効果があります。つまり、<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>c</literal> は <literal>Alt-C</literal> と同じです。<literal>Esc</literal> はメタキーとよばれ時々 \"<literal>M-</literal>\" と表記されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2565 msgid "The internal editor in MC" msgstr "MC の内部エディター" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2566 msgid "The internal editor has an interesting cut-and-paste scheme. Pressing <literal>F3</literal> marks the start of a selection, a second <literal>F3</literal> marks the end of selection and highlights the selection. Then you can move your cursor. If you press F6, the selected area is moved to the cursor location. If you press F5, the selected area is copied and inserted at the cursor location. <literal>F2</literal> saves the file. <literal>F10</literal> gets you out. Most cursor keys work intuitively." msgstr "MC の内部エディターは興味深いカットアンドペースト機構を持ちます。<literal>F3</literal> キーを押すと、選択範囲のスタートとマークし、次に <literal>F3</literal> を押すと、選択範囲のエンドとマークし、選択範囲を強調します。そしてカーソールを動かすことができます。F6 を押すと、選択範囲はカーソールの位置に移動します。F5 を押すと、選択範囲はコピーされ、カーソールの位置に挿入されます。<literal>F2</literal> を押すとファイルをセーブします。<literal>F10</literal> を押すと選択範囲はなくなります。ほとんどのカーソールキーは直感的に働きます。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2567 msgid "This editor can be directly started on a file using one of the following commands." msgstr "このエディターは次のコマンドの内のひとつを使いファイルに対し直接起動できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2568 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc -e filename_to_edit" msgstr "$ mc -e filename_to_edit" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2569 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mcedit filename_to_edit" msgstr "$ mcedit filename_to_edit" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2570 msgid "This is not a multi-window editor, but one can use multiple Linux consoles to achieve the same effect. To copy between windows, use Alt-F<n> keys to switch virtual consoles and use \"File→Insert file\" or \"File→Copy to file\" to move a portion of a file to another file." msgstr "これはマルチモードエディターではありませんが、複数の Linux コンソール上で使用すると同じ効果を発揮させされます。ウィンドウ間のコピーを行うには、 Alt-<n> キーを押して仮想コンソールを切替えて、\"File→Insert file\" や \"File→Copy to file\" を用いてファイルの一部を他のファイルに動かします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2571 msgid "This internal editor can be replaced with any external editor of choice." msgstr "この内部エディターはお好きな他の外部エディターと置き換えが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2572 msgid "Also, many programs use the environment variables \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" or \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" to decide which editor to use. If you are uncomfortable with <literal>vim</literal>(1) or <literal>nano</literal>(1) initially, you may set these to \"<literal>mcedit</literal>\" by adding the following lines to \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"." msgstr "また、多くのプログラムは使用するエディターを決定するために環境変数 \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" や \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" を使用します。最初 <literal>vim</literal>(1) や <literal>nano</literal>(1) が使いにくい場合には \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" に次に示す行を追加してエディターを \"<literal>mcedit</literal>\" に設定するのも一計です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2573 #, no-wrap msgid "" "export EDITOR=mcedit\n" "export VISUAL=mcedit" msgstr "" "export EDITOR=mcedit\n" "export VISUAL=mcedit" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2575 msgid "I do recommend setting these to \"<literal>vim</literal>\" if possible." msgstr "できればこれは \"<literal>vim</literal>\" に設定することを推奨します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2576 msgid "If you are uncomfortable with <literal>vim</literal>(1), you can keep using <literal>mcedit</literal>(1) for most system maintenance tasks." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1) が使いにくい場合には、<literal>mcedit</literal>(1) をほとんどのシステム管理業務のために使い続けられます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2579 msgid "The internal viewer in MC" msgstr "MC の内部ビューワー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2580 msgid "MC is a very smart viewer. This is a great tool for searching words in documents. I always use this for files in the \"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" directory. This is the fastest way to browse through masses of Linux information. This viewer can be directly started using one of the following commands." msgstr "MC は非常に賢明なビューワーです。文書内の単語を検索するための素晴らしいツールです。私は \"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" ディレクトリー内のファイルに対していつもこれを使います。これは 大量にある Linux 情報を閲覧する最速の方法です。このビューワーは次のコマンドの内のひとつを使い直接起動できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2581 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc -v path/to/filename_to_view" msgstr "$ mc -v path/to/filename_to_view" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2582 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mcview path/to/filename_to_view" msgstr "$ mcview path/to/filename_to_view" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2585 msgid "Auto-start features of MC" msgstr "MC の自動起動機能" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2586 msgid "Press Enter on a file, and the appropriate program handles the content of the file (see <xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>). This is a very convenient MC feature." msgstr "ファイルの上で Enter を押すと、適切なプログラムがファイル内容を処理します (<xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>参照)。これは非常に便利な MC の機能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2588 msgid "The reaction to the enter key in MC" msgstr "enter キー入力への MC の反応" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2595 msgid "file type" msgstr "ファイルタイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2598 msgid "reaction to enter key" msgstr "enter キーへの反応" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2605 msgid "executable file" msgstr "実行ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2608 msgid "execute command" msgstr "コマンド実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2613 msgid "man file" msgstr "man ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2616 msgid "pipe content to viewer software" msgstr "ビューワーソフトに内容をパイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2621 msgid "html file" msgstr "html ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2624 msgid "pipe content to web browser" msgstr "ウェッブブラウザーに内容をパイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2629 msgid "\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>*.deb</literal>\" file" msgstr "\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\" や \"<literal>*.deb</literal>\" ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2632 msgid "browse its contents as if subdirectory" msgstr "サブディレクトリーであるかのように内容を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2638 msgid "In order to allow these viewer and virtual file features to function, viewable files should not be set as executable. Change their status using <literal>chmod</literal>(1) or via the MC file menu." msgstr "これらのビューワーや仮想ファイルの機能を有効にするためには、閲覧可能なファイルには実行可能と設定されていてはいけません。<literal>chmod</literal>(1) コマンドを使うか、MC のファイルメニュー経由で状態を変更して下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2641 msgid "FTP virtual filesystem of MC" msgstr "MC の FTP 仮想ファイルシステム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2642 msgid "MC can be used to access files over the Internet using FTP. Go to the menu by pressing <literal>F9</literal>, then type \"<literal>p</literal>\" to activate the FTP virtual filesystem. Enter a URL in the form \"<literal>username:passwd@hostname.domainname</literal>\", which retrieves a remote directory that appears like a local one." msgstr "MC を Internet 越しでの FTP を用いたファイルアクセスに使えます。<literal>F9</literal> を押してメニューに行き、\"<literal>p</literal>\" を押して FTP 仮想ファイルシステムを有効にします。\"<literal>username:passwd@hostname.domainname</literal>\" の形式で URL を入力すると、あたかもローカルにあるかのようにリモートディレクトリーを取得します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2643 msgid "Try \"[http.us.debian.org/debian]\" as the URL and browse the Debian archive." msgstr "\"[http.us.debian.org/debian]\" を URL として Debian アーカイブを閲覧します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2647 msgid "The basic Unix-like work environment" msgstr "基本の Unix 的作業環境" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2648 msgid "Although MC enables you to do almost everything, it is very important for you to learn how to use the command line tools invoked from the shell prompt and become familiar with the Unix-like work environment." msgstr "MC はほとんど全てのことを可能にしますが、シェルプロンプトから実行されるコマンドラインツールの使用方法について学び、Unix 的な作業環境に親しむのは非常に重要なことです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2650 msgid "The login shell" msgstr "login シェル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2651 msgid "You can select your login shell with <literal>chsh</literal>(1)." msgstr "ログインシェルは <literal>chsh</literal>(1) を使えば選択できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2653 msgid "List of shell programs" msgstr "シェルプログラムのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2672 msgid "POSIX shell" msgstr "POSIX シェル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2685 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2704 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2715 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2725 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2746 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2756 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2778 msgid "Yes" msgstr "はい" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2687 msgid "<ulink url=\"&bash;\">Bash</ulink>: the GNU Bourne Again SHell (de facto standard)" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&bash;\">Bash</ulink>: GNU Bourne Again SHell (デファクトスタンダード)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2695 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2736 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2767 msgid "No" msgstr "いいえ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2697 msgid "<ulink url=\"&tenexcshell;\">TENEX C Shell</ulink>: an enhanced version of <ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&tenexcshell;\">TENEX C Shell</ulink>: 拡張バージョンの <ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2707 msgid "Debian <ulink url=\"&almquistshell;\">Almquist Shell</ulink>, good for shell script" msgstr "Debian の <ulink url=\"&almquistshell;\">Almquist シェル</ulink>、シェルスクリプトに好適" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2717 msgid "<ulink url=\"&zshell;\">Z shell</ulink>: the standard shell with many enhancements" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&zshell;\">Z shell</ulink>: 多くの拡張された標準シェル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2728 msgid "public domain version of the <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn shell</ulink>" msgstr "パブリックドメインバージョンの <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn シェル</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2738 msgid "<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink> C Shell, a version of <ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink> の C シェル、<ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink> の派生" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2748 msgid "<ulink url=\"&standaloneshell;\">Stand-alone shell</ulink> with builtin commands (Not meant for standard \"<literal>/bin/sh</literal>\")" msgstr "組み込みコマンド付きの<ulink url=\"&standaloneshell;\">独立シェル</ulink> (標準の \"<literal>/bin/sh</literal>\" には不向き)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2759 msgid "the real, AT&T version of the <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn shell</ulink>" msgstr "真の AT&T バージョンの <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn シェル</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2770 msgid "implementation of the <ulink url=\"&attplanj;\">AT&T Plan 9</ulink> <ulink url=\"&rcshell;\">rc shell</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&attplanj;\">AT&T Plan 9</ulink> の <ulink url=\"&rcshell;\">rc シェル</ulink>の実装" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2781 msgid "Policy-compliant Ordinary SHell (<literal>pdksh</literal> derivative)" msgstr "ポリシー準拠の通常シェル (<literal>pdksh</literal> の派生)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2787 msgid "In this tutorial chapter, the interactive shell always means <literal>bash</literal>." msgstr "このチュートリアル章内では、インタラクティブなシェルは常に <literal>bash</literal> です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2790 msgid "Customizing bash" msgstr "Bash のカスタム化" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2791 msgid "You can customize <literal>bash</literal>(1) behavior by \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1) の挙動は \"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\" を使ってカスタム化できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2792 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4102 msgid "For example, try the following." msgstr "例えば、次を試してみて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2793 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# CD upon exiting MC\n" ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh\n" "\n" "# set CDPATH to good one\n" "CDPATH=.:/usr/share/doc:~:~/Desktop:~\n" "export CDPATH\n" "\n" "PATH=\"${PATH}\":/usr/sbin:/sbin\n" "# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\n" "if [ -d ~/bin ] ; then\n" " PATH=~/bin:\"${PATH}\"\n" "fi\n" "export PATH\n" "\n" "EDITOR=vim\n" "export EDITOR" msgstr "" "# CD upon exiting MC\n" ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh\n" "\n" "# set CDPATH to good one\n" "CDPATH=.:/usr/share/doc:~:~/Desktop:~\n" "export CDPATH\n" "\n" "PATH=\"${PATH}\":/usr/sbin:/sbin\n" "# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\n" "if [ -d ~/bin ] ; then\n" " PATH=~/bin:\"${PATH}\"\n" "fi\n" "export PATH\n" "\n" "EDITOR=vim\n" "export EDITOR" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2810 msgid "You can find more <literal>bash</literal> customization tips, such as <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>, in <xref linkend=\"_system_tips\"/>." msgstr "<literal>bash</literal> に関する更なるカスタム化方法は、<xref linkend=\"_system_tips\"/>中の<xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>等にあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2814 msgid "Special key strokes" msgstr "特別のキーストローク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2815 msgid "In the <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> environment, there are few key strokes which have special meanings. Please note that on a normal Linux character console, only the left-hand <literal>Ctrl</literal> and <literal>Alt</literal> keys work as expected. Here are few notable key strokes to remember." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix 的</ulink>環境下では、特別の意味を持ったいくつかのキーストロークがあります。通常の Linux の文字ターミナルでは左側の <literal>Ctrl</literal> や <literal>Alt</literal> キーのみが期待にそって機能することに配慮下さい。次に特記すべき暗記するべきキーストロークを記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2817 msgid "List of key bindings for bash" msgstr "Bash のキーバインディングのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2827 msgid "description of key binding" msgstr "キーバインディングの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2834 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-U</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-U</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2837 msgid "erase line before cursor" msgstr "カーソールの前の1行を消去" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2842 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-H</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-H</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2845 msgid "erase a character before cursor" msgstr "カーソールの前の1文字を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2850 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2853 msgid "terminate input (exit shell if you are using shell)" msgstr "入力を終了 (シェルを使用中の場合、シェルを終了)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2858 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-C</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-C</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2861 msgid "terminate a running program" msgstr "実行中のプログラムを終了" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2866 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Z</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Z</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2869 msgid "temporarily stop program by moving it to the background job" msgstr "プログラムをバックグラウンドジョブに移動し一時停止" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2874 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2877 msgid "halt output to screen" msgstr "スクリーンへの出力を停止" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2882 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Q</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Q</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2885 msgid "reactivate output to screen" msgstr "スクリーンへの出力を再開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2890 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Del</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Del</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2893 msgid "reboot/halt the system, see <literal>inittab</literal>(5)" msgstr "システムをリブート / 停止、<literal>inittab</literal>(5) 参照" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2897 msgid "<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> (optionally, <literal>Windows-key</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>Left-Alt キー </literal> (もしくは、<literal>Windows キー</literal>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2900 msgid "meta-key for Emacs and the similar UI" msgstr "Emacs および同様の UI でのメタキー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2905 msgid "<literal>Up-arrow</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Up-arrow</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2908 msgid "start command history search under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal> でコマンド履歴検索をスタート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2913 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-R</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-R</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2916 msgid "start incremental command history search under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal> でインクリメンタルなコマンド履歴検索をスタート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2924 msgid "complete input of the filename to the command line under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal> のコマンドラインのファイル名入力を完結" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2929 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-V</literal> <literal>Tab</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-V</literal> <literal>Tab</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2933 msgid "input <literal>Tab</literal> without expansion to the command line under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal> のコマンドラインで <literal>Tab</literal> を展開することなく入力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2940 msgid "The terminal feature of <literal>Ctrl-S</literal> can be disabled using <literal>stty</literal>(1)." msgstr "ターミナルの <literal>Ctrl-S</literal> 機能は <literal>stty</literal>(1) で無効にできます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2944 msgid "Unix style mouse operations" msgstr "Unix 流のマウス操作" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2945 msgid "Unix style mouse operations are based on the 3 button mouse system." msgstr "Unix 流のマウス操作は3ボタンマウスが基本です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2947 msgid "List of Unix style mouse operations" msgstr "Unix 流のマウス操作" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2957 msgid "response" msgstr "反応" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2964 msgid "Left-click-and-drag mouse" msgstr "マウスの左クリックアンドドラッグ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2967 msgid "select and copy to the clipboard" msgstr "選択とクリップボードへのコピー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2972 msgid "Left-click" msgstr "左クリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2975 msgid "select the start of selection" msgstr "選択スタート点の選択" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2980 msgid "Right-click" msgstr "右クリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2983 msgid "select the end of selection and copy to the clipboard" msgstr "選択エンド点の選択とクリップボードへのコピー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2988 msgid "Middle-click" msgstr "中クリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2991 msgid "paste clipboard at the cursor" msgstr "クリップボードをカーソール位置に挿入 (ペースト)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2997 msgid "The center wheel on the modern wheel mouse is considered middle mouse button and can be used for middle-click. Clicking left and right mouse buttons together serves as the middle-click under the 2 button mouse system situation. In order to use a mouse in Linux character consoles, you need to have <literal>gpm</literal>(8) running as daemon." msgstr "現代的なホイールマウスの真ん中のホイールは中マウスボタンと見なされ、中クリックに使えます。2ボタンマウス状況では左右のボタンの同時押しが中クリックとして使えます。Linux の文字コンソールでマウスを使うには <literal>gpm</literal>(8) をデーモンで実行する必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3000 msgid "The pager" msgstr "ページャー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3001 msgid "<literal>less</literal>(1) is the enhanced pager (file content browser). Hit \"<literal>h</literal>\" for help. It can do much more than <literal>more</literal>(1) and can be supercharged by executing \"<literal>eval $(lesspipe)</literal>\" or \"<literal>eval $(lessfile)</literal>\" in the shell startup script. See more in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/lessf/LESSOPEN</literal>\". The \"<literal>-R</literal>\" option allows raw character output and enables ANSI color escape sequences. See <literal>less</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>less</literal>(1) は機能拡張されたページャー (ファイル内容のブラウザー) です。\"<literal>h</literal>\" と入力するとヘルプが表示されます。これは、<literal>more</literal>(1) よりもはるかに機能があり、\"<literal>eval $(lesspipe)</literal>\" または \"<literal>eval $(lessfile)</literal>\" とシェルのスタートスクリプト中で実行することで更に機能拡充されます。詳しくは、\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/lessf/LESSOPEN</literal>\" を参照下さい。\"<literal>-R</literal>\" オプションを用いると生の option allows raw 文字出力が許可され、ANSI カラーエスケープシーケンスが有効になります。<literal>less</literal>(1) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3004 msgid "The text editor" msgstr "テキストエディター" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3005 msgid "You should become proficient in one of variants of <ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> programs which are popular in the Unix-like system." msgstr "Unix 的システムで人気のある、<ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink> か <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> プログラムのいずれかのバリアントに習熟するべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3006 msgid "I think getting used to Vim commands is the right thing to do, since Vi-editor is always there in the Linux/Unix world. (Actually, original <literal>vi</literal> or new <literal>nvi</literal> are programs you find everywhere. I chose Vim instead for newbie since it offers you help through <literal>F1</literal> key while it is similar enough and more powerful.)" msgstr "著者としては Vim コマンドに慣れることは正しいことだと考えています。なぜなら Vi エディターは Linux/Unix の世界では必ず存在するからです。(実際はオリジナルの <literal>vi</literal> か、新しい <literal>nvi</literal> がどこででも見つけられるプログラムです。これにもかかわらず Vim を著者が初心者のために選んだのは、より強力かつ動作が充分似ているのと、<literal>F1</literal> キーを通じてヘルプが表示されるからです。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3007 msgid "If you chose either <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&xemacs;\">XEmacs</ulink> instead as your choice of the editor, that is another good choice indeed, particularly for programming. Emacs has a plethora of other features as well, including functioning as a newsreader, directory editor, mail program, etc. When used for programming or editing shell scripts, it intelligently recognizes the format of what you are working on, and tries to provide assistance. Some people maintain that the only program they need on Linux is Emacs. Ten minutes learning Emacs now can save hours later. Having the GNU Emacs manual for reference when learning Emacs is highly recommended." msgstr "これとは違い、<ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> か <ulink url=\"&xemacs;\">XEmacs</ulink> をエディターとして選ぶのも、特にプログラムをするには、非常に良い選択です。Emacs には、ニュースリーダ機能、ディレクトリーの編集機能、メール機能他の、過多な機能があります。プログラミングやシェルスクリプトの編集に使うときは、作業中のフォーマットをインテリジェントに認識し助力をしようとします。Linux 上で必要なプログラムは Emacs だけと考える人もいます。Emacs を今10分間学ぶことは将来何時間もの節約になります。Emacs を学ぶ際には GNU の Emacs マニュアルを持っておくことを高く推薦します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3008 msgid "All these programs usually come with tutoring program for you to learn them by practice. Start Vim by typing \"<literal>vim</literal>\" and press F1-key. You should at least read the first 35 lines. Then do the online training course by moving cursor to \"<literal>|tutor|</literal>\" and pressing <literal>Ctrl-]</literal>." msgstr "これら全てのプログラムには練習しながら学べるようにチュータリングプログラムが普通付いてきます。Vim を \"<literal>vim</literal>\" とタイプして起動し、F1 キーを押します。最初の35行を読みます。カーソールを \"<literal>|tutor|</literal>\" に移動し <literal>Ctrl-]</literal> を押してオンラインの訓練コースを始めます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3010 msgid "Good editors, such as Vim and Emacs, can be used to handle UTF-8 and other exotic encoding texts correctly with proper option in the x-terminal-emulator on X under UTF-8 locale with proper font settings. Please refer to their documentation on multibyte text." msgstr "Vim や Emacs のような良いエディターは、正しいフォント設定がされた UTF-8 ロケールの下の適正なオプションを使った x-terminal-emulator を使うと、UTF-8 や他のエギゾチックな符号化方式 (エンコーディング) のテキストを正しく扱えます。マルチバイトテキストに関するそれぞれの文書を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3014 msgid "Setting a default text editor" msgstr "デフォールトのテキストエディターの設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3015 msgid "Debian comes with a number of different editors. We recommend to install the <literal>vim</literal> package, as mentioned above." msgstr "Debian にはいくつかの異なったエディターがあります。上述のように <literal>vim</literal> パッケージをインストールすることを推薦します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3016 msgid "Debian provides unified access to the system default editor via command \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\" so other programs (e.g., <literal>reportbug</literal>(1)) can invoke it. You can change it by the following." msgstr "Debian ではシステムのデフォールトのエディターへの統一されたアクセスを \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\" コマンドを通じて提供しているので、他のプログラム (例えば <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) 等) が起動できます。設定変更は次で出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3017 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sudo update-alternatives --config editor" msgstr "$ sudo update-alternatives --config editor" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3018 msgid "The choice \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.basic</literal>\" over \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.tiny</literal>\" is my recommendation for newbies since it supports syntax highlighting." msgstr "著者が \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.tiny</literal>\" より \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.basic</literal>\" を初心者に推薦するのはシンタクスハイライトをサポートしているからです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3020 msgid "Many programs use the environment variables \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" or \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" to decide which editor to use (see <xref linkend=\"_the_internal_editor_in_mc\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>). For the consistency on Debian system, set these to \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\". (Historically, \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" was \"<literal>ed</literal>\" and \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" was \"<literal>vi</literal>\".)" msgstr "多くのプログラムは \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" か \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" という環境変数を使ってどのエディターを使うかを決めます (<xref linkend=\"_the_internal_editor_in_mc\"/>と<xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>参照)。Debian システムの整合性のために、これらを \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\" と設定しましょう。(歴史的には \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" は \"<literal>ed</literal>\" で、\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" は \"<literal>vi</literal>\" でした。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3024 msgid "Customizing vim" msgstr "Vim のカスタム化" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3025 msgid "You can customize <literal>vim</literal>(1) behavior by \"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1) の挙動は \"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\" を使ってカスタム化できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3027 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\" -------------------------------\n" "\" Local configuration\n" "\"\n" "set nocompatible\n" "set nopaste\n" "set pastetoggle=<f2>\n" "syn on\n" "if $USER == \"root\"\n" " set nomodeline\n" " set noswapfile\n" "else\n" " set modeline\n" " set swapfile\n" "endif\n" "\" filler to avoid the line above being recognized as a modeline\n" "\" filler\n" "\" filler" msgstr "" "\" -------------------------------\n" "\" Local configuration\n" "\"\n" "set nocompatible\n" "set nopaste\n" "set pastetoggle=<f2>\n" "syn on\n" "if $USER == \"root\"\n" " set nomodeline\n" " set noswapfile\n" "else\n" " set modeline\n" " set swapfile\n" "endif\n" "\" filler to avoid the line above being recognized as a modeline\n" "\" filler\n" "\" filler" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3046 msgid "Recording the shell activities" msgstr "シェル活動の記録" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3047 msgid "The output of the shell command may roll off your screen and may be lost forever. It is good practice to log shell activities into the file for you to review them later. This kind of record is essential when you perform any system administration tasks." msgstr "シェルコマンドの出力はスクリーンから押し出されると永久に無くなってしまうかもしれません。シェルでの活動を後で見直せるようにファイルに記録しておくのは良いことです。この種の記録は何らかのシステム管理作業をする際には非常に重要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3048 msgid "The basic method of recording the shell activity is to run it under <literal>script</literal>(1)." msgstr "シェル活動の記録の基本方法は <literal>script</literal>(1) の下で実行することです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3050 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18944 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ script\n" "Script started, file is typescript" msgstr "" "$ script\n" "Script started, file is typescript" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3052 msgid "Do whatever shell commands under <literal>script</literal>." msgstr "<literal>script</literal> の下で何なりのシェルコマンドを実行します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3053 msgid "Press <literal>Ctrl-D</literal> to exit <literal>script</literal>." msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal> を押して <literal>script</literal> から脱出します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3054 #, no-wrap msgid "$ vim typescript" msgstr "$ vim typescript" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3055 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_recording_the_shell_activities_cleanly\"/> ." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_recording_the_shell_activities_cleanly\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3058 msgid "Basic Unix commands" msgstr "基本 Unix コマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3059 msgid "Let's learn basic Unix commands. Here I use \"Unix\" in its generic sense. Any Unix clone OSs usually offer equivalent commands. The Debian system is no exception. Do not worry if some commands do not work as you wish now. If <literal>alias</literal> is used in the shell, its corresponding command outputs are different. These examples are not meant to be executed in this order." msgstr "基本的 Unix コマンドを学びます。ここでは一般的意味で \"Unix\" を使っています。いかなる Unix クローンの OS も等価なコマンドを提供します。Debian システムも例外ではありません。今一部コマンドが思うように機能しなくても心配しないで下さい。<literal>エリアス</literal>がシェルで使われた場合は、対応するコマンドの出力は変わります。次は順番に実行すると言う意味の例ではありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3060 msgid "Try all following commands from the non-privileged user account." msgstr "非特権ユーザーのアカウントから次のコマンドを全て実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3062 msgid "List of basic Unix commands" msgstr "基本の Unix コマンドのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3069 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6003 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7338 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10227 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10338 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12460 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13062 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13426 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14573 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15843 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18179 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19205 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21204 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22255 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24291 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24413 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24616 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24806 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26129 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30464 msgid "command" msgstr "コマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3079 msgid "<literal>pwd</literal>" msgstr "<literal>pwd</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3082 msgid "display name of current/working directory" msgstr "カレント / ワーキングディレクトリーの名前を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3087 msgid "<literal>whoami</literal>" msgstr "<literal>whoami</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3090 msgid "display current user name" msgstr "現在のユーザー名を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3095 msgid "<literal>id</literal>" msgstr "<literal>id</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3098 msgid "display current user identity (name, uid, gid, and associated groups)" msgstr "現在のユーザーのアイデンティティ (名前と uid と gid と関連する group) を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3103 msgid "<literal>file <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>file <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3106 msgid "display a type of file for the file \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo></literal>\" ファイルのファイルタイプを表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3111 msgid "<literal>type -p <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>type -p <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3114 msgid "display a file location of command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\" コマンドのファイルの位置を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3119 msgid "<literal>which <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>which <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3122 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3146 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6669 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6677 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6685 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6693 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11126 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11137 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11148 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11159 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11170 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11181 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11202 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11212 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11222 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11243 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11254 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11265 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11276 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11308 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11319 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11341 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11352 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11385 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11396 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11418 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11429 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11440 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11462 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11473 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11495 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11506 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11517 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11528 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11539 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11550 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11561 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11572 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11583 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11594 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11605 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11616 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11627 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11638 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11649 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12526 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13985 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13994 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14004 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14013 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14033 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14044 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14055 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15487 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15509 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15519 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15661 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15672 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15683 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15694 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15716 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15727 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15738 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16072 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16127 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16130 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16149 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16152 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16160 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16171 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16174 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16275 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16297 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16330 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16352 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16355 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16363 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16384 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16387 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16405 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18252 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24637 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24685 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24709 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24733 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24757 msgid ", ," msgstr ", ," # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3127 msgid "<literal>type <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>type <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3130 msgid "display information on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\" コマンドに関する情報を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3135 msgid "<literal>apropos <key-word></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apropos <key-word></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3138 msgid "find commands related to \"<literal><key-word></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><key-word></literal>\" に関連したコマンドを発見" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3143 msgid "<literal>man -k <key-word></literal>" msgstr "<literal>man -k <key-word></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3151 msgid "<literal>whatis <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>whatis <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3154 msgid "display one line explanation on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\" コマンドに関する1行の説明を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3159 msgid "<literal>man -a <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>man -a <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3162 msgid "display explanation on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\" (Unix style)" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\" コマンドに関する説明を表示 (Unix スタイル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3167 msgid "<literal>info <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>info <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3170 msgid "display rather long explanation on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\" (GNU style)" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\" コマンドに関する比較的長い説明を表示 (GNU スタイル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3175 msgid "<literal>ls</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3178 msgid "list contents of directory (non-dot files and directories)" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をリスト (非ドットファイルおよびディレクトリー)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3183 msgid "<literal>ls -a</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -a</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3186 msgid "list contents of directory (all files and directories)" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をリスト (全ファイルおよびディレクトリー)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3191 msgid "<literal>ls -A</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -A</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3194 msgid "list contents of directory (almost all files and directories, i.e., skip \"<literal>..</literal>\" and \"<literal>.</literal>\")" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をリスト (ほとんど全ファイルおよびディレクトリー、\"<literal>..</literal>\" と \"<literal>.</literal>\" をスキップ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3199 msgid "<literal>ls -la</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -la</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3202 msgid "list all contents of directory with detail information" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容を詳細情報とともにリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3207 msgid "<literal>ls -lai</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -lai</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3210 msgid "list all contents of directory with inode number and detail information" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容を inode 番号と詳細情報とともにリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3215 msgid "<literal>ls -d</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -d</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3218 msgid "list all directories under the current directory" msgstr "現ディレクトリーの中の全ディレクトリーをリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3223 msgid "<literal>tree</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tree</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3226 msgid "display file tree contents" msgstr "ファイルツリーの内容を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3231 msgid "<literal>lsof <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>lsof <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3234 msgid "list open status of file \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo></literal>\" ファイルのオープンの状態をリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3239 msgid "<literal>lsof -p <pid></literal>" msgstr "<literal>lsof -p <pid></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3242 msgid "list files opened by the process ID: \"<literal><pid></literal>\"" msgstr "プロセス ID: \"<literal><pid></literal>\" によってオープンされたファイルをリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3247 msgid "<literal>mkdir <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>mkdir <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3250 msgid "make a new directory \"<literal><foo></literal>\" in the current directory" msgstr "現ディレクトリー中に \"<literal><foo></literal>\" という新規ディレクトリー作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3255 msgid "<literal>rmdir <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>rmdir <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3258 msgid "remove a directory \"<literal><foo></literal>\" in the current directory" msgstr "現ディレクトリー中の \"<literal><foo></literal>\" というディレクトリーを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3263 msgid "<literal>cd <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3266 msgid "change directory to the directory \"<literal><foo></literal>\" in the current directory or in the directory listed in the variable \"<literal>$CDPATH</literal>\"" msgstr "現ディレクトリー中もしくは \"<literal>$CDPATH</literal>\" 変数中にリストされたディレクトリー中の \"<literal><foo></literal>\" というディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3271 msgid "<literal>cd /</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd /</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3274 msgid "change directory to the root directory" msgstr "ディレクトリーをルートディレクトリーに変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3279 msgid "<literal>cd</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3282 msgid "change directory to the current user's home directory" msgstr "現在のユーザーのホームディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3287 msgid "<literal>cd /<foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd /<foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3290 msgid "change directory to the absolute path directory \"<literal>/<foo></literal>\"" msgstr "絶対ディレクトリーパス \"<literal>/<foo></literal>\" にディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3295 msgid "<literal>cd ..</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd ..</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3298 msgid "change directory to the parent directory" msgstr "親ディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3303 msgid "<literal>cd ~<foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd ~<foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3306 msgid "change directory to the home directory of the user \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "ユーザー \"<literal><foo></literal>\" のホームディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3311 msgid "<literal>cd -</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3314 msgid "change directory to the previous directory" msgstr "一つ前のディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3319 msgid "<literal></etc/motd pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal></etc/motd pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3322 msgid "display contents of \"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" using the default pager" msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" の内容をデフォールトのページャーで表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3327 msgid "<literal>touch <junkfile></literal>" msgstr "<literal>touch <junkfile></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3330 msgid "create a empty file \"<literal><junkfile></literal>\"" msgstr "空ファイル \"<literal><junkfile></literal>\" を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3335 msgid "<literal>cp <foo> <bar></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cp <foo> <bar></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3338 msgid "copy a existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new file \"<literal><bar></literal>\"" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を新規ファイル \"<literal><bar></literal>\" にコピー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3343 msgid "<literal>rm <junkfile></literal>" msgstr "<literal>rm <junkfile></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3346 msgid "remove a file \"<literal><junkfile></literal>\"" msgstr "ファイル \"<literal><junkfile></literal>\" を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3351 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3359 msgid "<literal>mv <foo> <bar></literal>" msgstr "<literal>mv <foo> <bar></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3354 msgid "rename an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new name \"<literal><bar></literal>\" (\"<literal><bar></literal>\" must not exist)" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" の名前を新しい名前 \"<literal><bar></literal>\" に変更 (ディレクトリー \"<literal><bar></literal>\" が存在不可)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3362 msgid "move an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new location \"<literal><bar>/<foo></literal>\" (the directory \"<literal><bar></literal>\" must exist)" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を新しい場所 \"<literal><bar>/<foo></literal>\" に移動 (ディレクトリー \"<literal><bar></literal>\" が存在しなければいけない)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3367 msgid "<literal>mv <foo> <bar>/<baz></literal>" msgstr "<literal>mv <foo> <bar>/<baz></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3370 msgid "move an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new location with a new name \"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\" (the directory \"<literal><bar></literal>\" must exist but the directory \"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\" must not exist)" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を新しい場所の新しい名前のファイル \"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\" に移動 (ディレクトリー \"<literal><bar></literal>\" が存在しなければいけないが、ディレクトリー \"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\" は存在してはいけない)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3375 msgid "<literal>chmod 600 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>chmod 600 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3378 msgid "make an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to be non-readable and non-writable by the other people (non-executable for all)" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を他人から読出し不可かつ書込み不可 (全員実行不可)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3383 msgid "<literal>chmod 644 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>chmod 644 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3386 msgid "make an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to be readable but non-writable by the other people (non-executable for all)" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を他人からは読出し可だが書込み不可 (全員実行不可)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3391 msgid "<literal>chmod 755 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>chmod 755 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3394 msgid "make an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to be readable but non-writable by the other people (executable for all)" msgstr "既存のファイル \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を他人からは読出し可だが書込み不可 (全員実行可能)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3399 msgid "<literal>find . -name <pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>find . -name <pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3402 msgid "find matching filenames using shell \"<literal><pattern></literal>\" (slower)" msgstr "シェルで \"<literal><pattern></literal>\" にマッチするファイル名を探索 (比較的遅い)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3407 msgid "<literal>locate -d . <pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>locate -d . <pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3410 msgid "find matching filenames using shell \"<literal><pattern></literal>\" (quicker using regularly generated database)" msgstr "シェルで \"<literal><pattern></literal>\" にマッチするファイル名を探索 (定期的に生成されるデーターベースを使い比較的早い)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3415 msgid "<literal>grep -e \"<pattern>\" *.html</literal>" msgstr "<literal>grep -e \"<pattern>\" *.html</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3418 msgid "find a \"<pattern>\" in all files ending with \"<literal>.html</literal>\" in current directory and display them all" msgstr "現ディレクトリーにある \"<literal>.html</literal>\" で終わる全ファイルから \"<pattern>\" のパターンを検索し、該当する全ファイルを表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3423 msgid "<literal>top</literal>" msgstr "<literal>top</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3426 msgid "display process information using full screen, type \"<literal>q</literal>\" to quit" msgstr "フルスクリーンを用いてプロセス情報を表示し、\"<literal>q</literal>\" と押して終了" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3431 msgid "<literal>ps aux | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps aux | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3434 msgid "display information on all the running processes using BSD style output" msgstr "起動中の全プロセスの情報を BSD スタイルの出力を用いて表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3439 msgid "<literal>ps -ef | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps -ef | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3442 msgid "display information on all the running processes using Unix system-V style output" msgstr "起動中の全プロセスの情報を System-V スタイルの出力を用いて表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3447 msgid "<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3450 msgid "display all processes running \"<literal>exim</literal>\" and \"<literal>exim4</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>exim</literal>\" もしくは \"<literal>exim4</literal>\" の起動中の全プロセスを表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3455 msgid "<literal>ps axf | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps axf | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3458 msgid "display information on all the running processes with ASCII art output" msgstr "起動中の全プロセスの情報を ASCII アート出力を用いて表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3463 msgid "<literal>kill <1234></literal>" msgstr "<literal>kill <1234></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3466 msgid "kill a process identified by the process ID: \"<1234>\"" msgstr "プロセス ID\"<1234>\" により識別されるプロセスを停止" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3471 msgid "<literal>gzip <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>gzip <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3474 msgid "compress \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\" using the Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)" msgstr "Lempel-Ziv コーディング (LZ77) を用いて \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を圧縮し \"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\" を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3479 msgid "<literal>gunzip <foo>.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal>gunzip <foo>.gz</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3482 msgid "decompress \"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\" を解凍して \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3487 msgid "<literal>bzip2 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>bzip2 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3490 msgid "compress \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\" using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding (better compression than <literal>gzip</literal>)" msgstr "Burrows-Wheeler ブロックソートテキスト圧縮アルゴリズムと Huffman コーディングを用いて \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を圧縮し \"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\" を作成 (gzip より高圧縮率)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3495 msgid "<literal>bunzip2 <foo>.bz2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bunzip2 <foo>.bz2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3498 msgid "decompress \"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\" を解凍して \"<literal><foo></literal>\" を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3503 msgid "<literal>tar -xvf <foo>.tar</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -xvf <foo>.tar</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3506 msgid "extract files from \"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\" archive" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\" アーカイブからファイルを展開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3511 msgid "<literal>tar -xvzf <foo>.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -xvzf <foo>.tar.gz</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3514 msgid "extract files from gzipped \"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\" archive" msgstr "gzip 圧縮された \"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\" アーカイブからファイルを展開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3519 msgid "<literal>tar -xvjf <foo>.tar.bz2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -xvjf <foo>.tar.bz2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3522 msgid "extract files from \"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\" archive" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\" アーカイブからファイルを展開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3527 msgid "<literal>tar -cvf <foo>.tar <bar>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -cvf <foo>.tar <bar>/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3530 msgid "archive contents of folder \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" in \"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\" archive" msgstr "フォルダ \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" の内容を \"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\" アーカイブにアーカイブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3535 msgid "<literal>tar -cvzf <foo>.tar.gz <bar>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -cvzf <foo>.tar.gz <bar>/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3538 msgid "archive contents of folder \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" in compressed \"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\" archive" msgstr "フォルダ \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" の内容を \"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\" アーカイブに圧縮アーカイブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3543 msgid "<literal>tar -cvjf <foo>.tar.bz2 <bar>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -cvjf <foo>.tar.bz2 <bar>/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3546 msgid "archive contents of folder \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" in \"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\" archive" msgstr "フォルダ \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" の内容を \"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\" アーカイブに圧縮アーカイブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3551 msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3554 msgid "display contents of compressed \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" using the default pager" msgstr "標準のページャーを用いて圧縮された \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" の内容を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3559 msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz > foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz > foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3562 msgid "create a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" with the decompressed content of \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" の内容を解凍してファイル \"<literal>foo</literal>\" を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3567 msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz >> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz >> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3570 msgid "append the decompressed content of \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" to the end of the file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" (if it does not exist, create it first)" msgstr "圧縮された \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" の内容をファイル \"<literal>foo</literal>\" の末尾に追加 (ファイルが存在しない場合は事前に作成) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3577 msgid "Unix has a tradition to hide filenames which start with \"<literal>.</literal>\". They are traditionally files that contain configuration information and user preferences." msgstr "Unix は \"<literal>.</literal>\" で始まるファイル名を隠す伝統があります。それらは伝統的には特定の設定情報やユーザーの嗜好を含むファイルです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3580 msgid "For <literal>cd</literal> command, see <literal>builtins</literal>(7)." msgstr "<literal>cd</literal> コマンドに関しては <literal>builtins</literal>(7) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3583 msgid "The default pager of the bare bone Debian system is <literal>more</literal>(1) which cannot scroll back. By installing the <literal>less</literal> package using command line \"<literal>apt-get install less</literal>\", <literal>less</literal>(1) becomes default pager and you can scroll back with cursor keys." msgstr "最小限の Debian システムのデフォールトのページャーは <literal>more</literal>(1) で、スクロールバックができません。<literal>less</literal> パッケージを \"<literal>apt-get install less</literal>\" と言うコマンドラインでインストールすると、<literal>less</literal>(1) が デフォールトのページャーになりカーソールキーでスクロールバック出来るようになります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3586 msgid "The \"<literal>[</literal>\" and \"<literal>]</literal>\" in the regular expression of the \"<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>\" command above enable <literal>grep</literal> to avoid matching itself. The \"<literal>4*</literal>\" in the regular expression means 0 or more repeats of character \"<literal>4</literal>\" thus enables <literal>grep</literal> to match both \"<literal>exim</literal>\" and \"<literal>exim4</literal>\". Although \"<literal>*</literal>\" is used in the shell filename glob and the regular expression, their meanings are different. Learn the regular expression from <literal>grep</literal>(1)." msgstr "上記の \"<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>\" コマンド中に現れる正規表現中の \"<literal>[</literal>\" と \"<literal>]</literal>\" は <literal>grep</literal> が自分自身にマッチするのを避けることを可能とします。正規表現中の \"<literal>4*</literal>\" は数字 \"<literal>4</literal>\" の0回以上の繰り返しを意味するので、<literal>grep</literal> が \"<literal>exim</literal>\" と \"<literal>exim4</literal>\" の両方にマッチすることが可能になります。 \"<literal>*</literal>\" はシェルのファイルネームのグロブでも正規表現ででも使われますが、これらの意味は異なります。<literal>grep</literal>(1) から正規表現を学びましょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3588 msgid "Please traverse directories and peek into the system using the above commands as training. If you have questions on any of console commands, please make sure to read the manual page." msgstr "上記のコマンドを訓練として用いて、ディレクトリーを渡り歩き、システムの中を覗き込んで下さい。コンソールのコマンドに関して質問がある場合は、必ずマニュアルページを読んでみて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3590 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ man man\n" "$ man bash\n" "$ man builtins\n" "$ man grep\n" "$ man ls" msgstr "" "$ man man\n" "$ man bash\n" "$ man builtins\n" "$ man grep\n" "$ man ls" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3595 msgid "The style of man pages may be a little hard to get used to, because they are rather terse, particularly the older, very traditional ones. But once you get used to it, you come to appreciate their succinctness." msgstr "マンページのスタイルは慣れるのに少々大変かもしれません。なぜなら特に比較的旧式の非常に伝統的なマンページは比較的言葉が少ないからです。しかし一旦慣れるとその簡潔さの良さが分かります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3596 msgid "Please note that many Unix-like commands including ones from GNU and BSD display brief help information if you invoke them in one of the following ways (or without any arguments in some cases)." msgstr "GNU や BSD 由来を含む多くの Unix 的なコマンドは次のように (場合によっては一切の引数無しで) 起動すると簡単なヘルプ情報を表示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3597 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ <commandname> --help\n" "$ <commandname> -h" msgstr "" "$ <コマンド名> --help\n" "$ <コマンド名> -h" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3602 msgid "The simple shell command" msgstr "シェルプロンプト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3603 msgid "Now you have some feel on how to use the Debian system. Let's look deep into the mechanism of the command execution in the Debian system. Here, I have simplified reality for the newbie. See <literal>bash</literal>(1) for the exact explanation." msgstr "Debian システムの使い方が少し分かったでしょう。Debian システム上でのコマンド実行のメカニズムを掘り下げます。初心者のためにちょっと簡略化してみました。正確な説明は <literal>bash</literal>(1) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3604 msgid "A simple command is a sequence of components." msgstr "シンプルなコマンドは、次の要素のシーケンスとなります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3608 msgid "Variable assignments (optional)" msgstr "変数代入 (任意) " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3613 msgid "Command name" msgstr "コマンド名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3618 msgid "Arguments (optional)" msgstr "引数 (任意)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3623 msgid "Redirections (optional: <literal>></literal> , <literal>>></literal> , <literal><</literal> , <literal><<</literal> , etc.)" msgstr "リダイレクト (任意: <literal>></literal> と <literal>>></literal> と <literal><</literal> と <literal><<</literal> 等。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3628 msgid "Control operator (optional: <literal>&&</literal> , <literal>||</literal> , <newline> , <literal>;</literal> , <literal>&</literal> , <literal>(</literal> , <literal>)</literal> )" msgstr "制御演算子 (任意: <literal>&&</literal> と <literal>||</literal> と <改行> と <literal>;</literal> と <literal>&</literal> と <literal> (</literal> と <literal>)</literal>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3633 msgid "Command execution and environment variable" msgstr "コマンド実行と環境変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3634 msgid "Values of some <ulink url=\"&environmentvariables;\">environment variables</ulink> change the behavior of some Unix commands." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&environmentvariables;\">環境変数</ulink>の値は Unix コマンドの挙動を変えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3635 msgid "Default values of environment variables are initially set by the PAM system and then some of them may be reset by some application programs." msgstr "環境変数のデフォールト値は PAM システムが初期設定されます。その後次のような何らかのアプリケーションプログラムにより再設定されているかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3639 msgid "The display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal> resets environment variables." msgstr "<literal>gdm</literal> のようなディスプレーマネージャーは環境変数を再設定します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3644 msgid "The shell in its start up codes resets environment variables in \"<literal>~/bash_profile</literal>\" and \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>~/bash_profile</literal>\" や \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" にあるシェル起動コードの中でシェルは環境変数を再設定します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3650 msgid "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable" msgstr "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" 変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3651 msgid "The full locale value given to \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable consists of 3 parts: \"<literal>xx_YY.ZZZZ</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" 変数に与えられる完全なロケール値は3つの部分からなります: \"<literal>xx_YY.ZZZZ</literal>\"。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3653 msgid "3 parts of locale value" msgstr "ロケールの値の3つの部分" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3660 msgid "locale value" msgstr "ロケールの値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3670 msgid "<literal>xx</literal>" msgstr "<literal>xx</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3673 msgid "<ulink url=\"&isogdjlanguagecoowercasesuchasen;\">ISO 639 language codes (lower case) such as \"en\"</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&isogdjlanguagecoowercasesuchasen;\">ISO 639 言語コード (小文字)、例えば \"en\"</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3678 msgid "<literal>YY</literal>" msgstr "<literal>YY</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3681 msgid "<ulink url=\"&isodbggcountrycoppercasesuchasus;\">ISO 3166 country codes (upper case) such as \"US\"</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&isodbggcountrycoppercasesuchasus;\">ISO 3166 国コード (大文字)、例えば \"US\"</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3686 msgid "<literal>ZZZZ</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ZZZZ</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3689 msgid "<ulink url=\"&codesetalwayssettoutfi;\">codeset, always set to \"UTF-8\"</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&codesetalwayssettoutfi;\">コードセット、常に \"UTF-8\" と設定</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3695 msgid "For language codes and country codes, see pertinent description in the \"<literal>info gettext</literal>\"." msgstr "言語コードと国コードは \"<literal>info gettext</literal>\" 中の該当記述を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3696 msgid "For the codeset on the modern Debian system, you should always set it to <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>UTF-8</literal></emphasis> unless you specifically want to use the historic one with good reason and background knowledge." msgstr "現代的な Debian システム上では、十分な理由と必要な知見をもって歴史的なコードセットを特段希望しない限り、常にコードセットを <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>UTF-8</literal></emphasis> と設定すべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3697 msgid "For fine details of the locale configuration, see <xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>." msgstr "ロケールの詳細に関しては、<xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3699 msgid "The \"<literal>LANG=en_US</literal>\" is not \"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" nor \"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\". It is \"<literal>LANG=en_US.ISO-8859-1</literal>\" (see <xref linkend=\"_basics_of_encoding\"/>)." msgstr "\"<literal>LANG=en_US</literal>\" は、\"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" でも、\"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" でもありません。それは \"<literal>LANG=en_US.ISO-8859-1</literal>\" です (<xref linkend=\"_basics_of_encoding\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3702 msgid "List of locale recommendations" msgstr "推奨ロケールのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3709 msgid "locale recommendation" msgstr "推奨ロケール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3712 msgid "Language (area)" msgstr "言語 (地域)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3719 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19042 msgid "<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3722 msgid "English(USA)" msgstr "英語 (米国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3727 msgid "<literal>en_GB.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>en_GB.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3730 msgid "English(Great_Britain)" msgstr "英語 (英国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3735 msgid "<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3738 msgid "French(France)" msgstr "フランス語 (フランス)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3743 msgid "<literal>de_DE.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>de_DE.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3746 msgid "German(Germany)" msgstr "ドイツ語 (ドイツ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3751 msgid "<literal>it_IT.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>it_IT.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3754 msgid "Italian(Italy)" msgstr "イタリア語 (イタリア)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3759 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19053 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19085 msgid "<literal>es_ES.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>es_ES.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3762 msgid "Spanish(Spain)" msgstr "スペイン語 (スペイン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3767 msgid "<literal>ca_ES.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ca_ES.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3770 msgid "Catalan(Spain)" msgstr "カタラン語 (スペイン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3775 msgid "<literal>sv_SE.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sv_SE.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3778 msgid "Swedish(Sweden)" msgstr "スウェーデン語 (スウェーデン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3783 msgid "<literal>pt_BR.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>pt_BR.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3786 msgid "Portuguese(Brazil)" msgstr "ポルトガル語 (ブラジル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3791 msgid "<literal>ru_RU.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ru_RU.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3794 msgid "Russian(Russia)" msgstr "ロシア語 (ロシア)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3799 msgid "<literal>zh_CN.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zh_CN.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3802 msgid "Chinese(P.R._of_China)" msgstr "中国語 (中華人民共和国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3807 msgid "<literal>zh_TW.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zh_TW.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3810 msgid "Chinese(Taiwan_R.O.C.)" msgstr "中国語 (台湾_R.O.C.)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3815 msgid "<literal>ja_JP.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ja_JP.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3818 msgid "Japanese(Japan)" msgstr "日本語 (日本)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3823 msgid "<literal>ko_KR.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ko_KR.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3826 msgid "Korean(Republic_of_Korea)" msgstr "韓国語 (大韓民国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3831 msgid "<literal>vi_VN.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>vi_VN.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3834 msgid "Vietnamese(Vietnam)" msgstr "ベトナム語 (ベトナム)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3840 msgid "Typical command execution uses a shell line sequence as the following." msgstr "典型的なコマンドの実行は次のようなシェルの行シーケンスを用います。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3841 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ date\n" "Sun Jun 3 10:27:39 JST 2007\n" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" msgstr "" "$ date\n" "Sun Jun 3 10:27:39 JST 2007\n" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3845 msgid "Here, the program <literal>date</literal>(1) is executed with different values of the environment variable \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"." msgstr "以上で、<literal>date</literal>(1) プログラムは異なる環境変数 \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" 値で実行されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3849 msgid "For the first command, \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" is set to the system default <ulink url=\"&locale;\">locale</ulink> value \"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"." msgstr "最初のコマンドでは、\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" はシステムでフォルトの<ulink url=\"&locale;\">ロケール</ulink>値 \"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" に設定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3854 msgid "For the second command, \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" is set to the French UTF-8 <ulink url=\"&locale;\">locale</ulink> value \"<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>\"." msgstr "二番目のコマンドでは、\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" はフランス語の UTF-8 <ulink url=\"&locale;\">ロケール</ulink>値 \"<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>\" に設定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3858 msgid "Most command executions usually do not have preceding environment variable definition. For the above example, you can alternatively execute as the following." msgstr "ほとんどのコマンド実行は頭に環境変数定義をつけないのが普通です。上記の例の代わりに次のように実行します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3859 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8\n" "$ date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" msgstr "" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8\n" "$ date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3862 msgid "As you can see here, the output of command is affected by the environment variable to produce French output. If you want the environment variable to be inherited to subprocesses (e.g., when calling shell script), you need to <emphasis role=\"strong\">export</emphasis> it instead by the following." msgstr "ここで確認できるように、コマンドの出力は環境変数に影響されフランス語の出力となっています。もし環境変数を (例えばシェルスクリプトを呼んでいて) サブプロセスに引き継ぎたい際には、次のように環境変数を <emphasis role=\"strong\">export</emphasis> (エクスポート) しなければいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3863 #, no-wrap msgid "$ export LANG" msgstr "$ export LANG" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3865 msgid "When filing a bug report, running and checking the command under \"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" is good idea if you use non-English environment." msgstr "バグ報告をする際には、非英語環境を使っているなら、プログラムを \"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" の下で実行し確認することが望ましいです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3867 msgid "See <literal>locale</literal>(5) and <literal>locale</literal>(7) for \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" and related environment variables." msgstr "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" とこれに関連した環境変数に関しては、<literal>locale</literal>(5) と <literal>locale</literal>(7) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3869 msgid "I recommend you to configure the system environment just by the \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable and to stay away from \"<literal>$LC_*</literal>\" variables unless it is absolutely needed." msgstr "特段必要がなければ \"<literal>$LC_*</literal>\" 変数を避けて、\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" 変数のみを用いてシステム環境設定する事をお薦めします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3873 msgid "\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" variable" msgstr "\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" 変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3874 msgid "When you type a command into the shell, the shell searches the command in the list of directories contained in the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable. The value of the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable is also called the shell's search path." msgstr "シェルにコマンドを打ち込んだ際に、シェルは \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" 環境変数にリストされたディレクトリーのリストから検索します。\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" 環境変数の値は、シェルの検索パスとも呼ばれます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3875 msgid "In the default Debian installation, the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable of user accounts may not include \"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/sbin</literal>\". For example, the <literal>ifconfig</literal> command needs to be issued with full path as \"<literal>/sbin/ifconfig</literal>\". (Similar <literal>ip</literal> command is located in \"<literal>/bin</literal>\".)" msgstr "標準の Debian インストールでは、ユーザーアカウントの \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" 環境変数には \"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" や \"<literal>/usr/sbin</literal>\" が含まれないかもしれません。例えば、<literal>ifconfig</literal> コマンドは \"<literal>/sbin/ifconfig</literal>\" とフルパスを使って実行する必要があります。(類似の <literal>ip</literal> コマンドは \"<literal>/bin</literal>\" にあります。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3876 msgid "You can change the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable of Bash shell by \"<literal>~/.bash_profile</literal>\" or \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" files." msgstr "Bash シェルの \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" 環境変数は、\"<literal>~/.bash_profile</literal>\" か \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" ファイルで変更できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3879 msgid "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" variable" msgstr "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" 変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3880 msgid "Many commands stores user specific configuration in the home directory and changes their behavior by their contents. The home directory is identified by the environment variable \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"." msgstr "多くのコマンドはユーザー特定の設定をホームディレクトリーに保存し、その内容でコマンドの挙動が変わります。ホームディレクトリーは \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" 環境変数で指定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3882 msgid "List of \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" values" msgstr "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" の値のリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3889 msgid "value of \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" の値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3892 msgid "program execution situation" msgstr "プログラム実行状況" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3902 msgid "program run by the init process (daemon)" msgstr "init プロセスが実行するプログラム (デーモン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3907 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3939 msgid "<literal>/root</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/root</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3910 msgid "program run from the normal root shell" msgstr "通常の root シェルから実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3915 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3923 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3931 msgid "<literal>/home/<normal_user></literal>" msgstr "<literal>/home/<normal_user></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3918 msgid "program run from the normal user shell" msgstr "通常のユーザーシェルから実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3926 msgid "program run from the normal user GUI desktop menu" msgstr "通常のユーザーの GUI デスクトップメニューから実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3934 msgid "program run as root with \"<literal>sudo program</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>sudo program</literal>\" を用いて root として実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3942 msgid "program run as root with \"<literal>sudo -H program</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>sudo -H program</literal>\" を用いて root として実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3949 msgid "Shell expands \"<literal>~/</literal>\" to current user's home directory, i.e., \"<literal>$HOME/</literal>\". Shell expands \"<literal>~foo/</literal>\" to <literal>foo</literal>'s home directory, i.e., \"<literal>/home/foo/</literal>\"." msgstr "シェルは、\"<literal>~/</literal>\" を現ユーザーのホームディレクトリーである \"<literal>$HOME/</literal>\" へと展開します。シェルは、\"<literal>~foo/</literal>\" をユーザー <literal>foo</literal> のホームディレクトリーである \"<literal>/home/foo/</literal>\" へと展開します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3953 msgid "Command line options" msgstr "コマンドラインオプション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3954 msgid "Some commands take arguments. Arguments starting with \"<literal>-</literal>\" or \"<literal>--</literal>\" are called options and control the behavior of the command." msgstr "プログラムコマンドによっては引数があります。引数は \"<literal>-</literal>\" か \"<literal>--</literal>\" で始まり、オプションと呼ばれ、コマンドの挙動をコントロールします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3955 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ date\n" "Mon Oct 27 23:02:09 CET 2003\n" "$ date -R\n" "Mon, 27 Oct 2003 23:02:40 +0100" msgstr "" "$ date\n" "Mon Oct 27 23:02:09 CET 2003\n" "$ date -R\n" "Mon, 27 Oct 2003 23:02:40 +0100" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3959 msgid "Here the command-line argument \"<literal>-R</literal>\" changes <literal>date</literal>(1) behavior to output <ulink url=\"&rfccicc;\">RFC2822</ulink> compliant date string." msgstr "上記で、コマンドライン引数 \"<literal>-R</literal>\" が <literal>date</literal>(1) の挙動を <ulink url=\"&rfccicc;\">RFC2822</ulink> 準拠の日付文字列出力と変えています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3962 msgid "Shell glob" msgstr "シェルグロブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3963 msgid "Often you want a command to work with a group of files without typing all of them. The filename expansion pattern using the shell <emphasis role=\"strong\">glob</emphasis>, (sometimes referred as <emphasis role=\"strong\">wildcards</emphasis>), facilitate this need." msgstr "ファイル名を全てタイプせずにファイルのグループをコマンド処理したいことがよくあります。シェルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">グロブ</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">ワイルドカード</emphasis>とも時々呼ばれる) を用いたファイル名のパターン展開を用いるとこのニーズに答えられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3965 msgid "Shell glob patterns" msgstr "シェルグロブパターン" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3972 msgid "shell glob pattern" msgstr "シェルグロブパターン" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3975 msgid "description of match rule" msgstr "マッチルールの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3982 msgid "<literal>*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3985 msgid "filename (segment) not started with \"<literal>.</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>.</literal>\" で始まらないファイル (部分) 名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3990 msgid "<literal>.*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>.*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3993 msgid "filename (segment) started with \"<literal>.</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>.</literal>\" で始まるファイル (部分) 名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3998 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6378 msgid "<literal>?</literal>" msgstr "<literal>?</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4001 msgid "exactly one character" msgstr "1文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4006 msgid "<literal>[…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4009 msgid "exactly one character with any character enclosed in brackets" msgstr "括弧中の1文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4014 msgid "<literal>[a-z]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4017 msgid "exactly one character with any character between \"<literal>a</literal>\" and \"<literal>z</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>a</literal>\" と \"<literal>z</literal>\" の範囲間の1文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4022 msgid "<literal>[^…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[^…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4025 msgid "exactly one character other than any character enclosed in brackets (excluding \"<literal>^</literal>\")" msgstr "括弧内 (\"<literal>^</literal>\" 以外) に含まれる文字以外の1文字 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4032 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ mkdir junk; cd junk; touch 1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo *.txt\n" "1.txt 2.txt\n" "$ echo *\n" "1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo *.[hc]\n" "3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo .*\n" ". .. .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo .*[^.]*\n" ".5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo [^1-3]*\n" "4.h\n" "$ cd ..; rm -rf junk" msgstr "" "$ mkdir junk; cd junk; touch 1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo *.txt\n" "1.txt 2.txt\n" "$ echo *\n" "1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo *.[hc]\n" "3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo .*\n" ". .. .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo .*[^.]*\n" ".5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo [^1-3]*\n" "4.h\n" "$ cd ..; rm -rf junk" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4046 msgid "See <literal>glob</literal>(7)." msgstr "<literal>glob</literal>(7) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4048 msgid "Unlike normal filename expansion by the shell, the shell pattern \"<literal>*</literal>\" tested in <literal>find</literal>(1) with \"<literal>-name</literal>\" test etc., matches the initial \"<literal>.</literal>\" of the filename. (New <ulink url=\"&posix;\">POSIX</ulink> feature)" msgstr "通常のシェルのファイル名の展開と違い、<literal>find</literal>(1) が \"<literal>-name</literal>\" テスト他でシェルパターン \"<literal>*</literal>\" をテストする際にはファイル名先頭の \"<literal>.</literal>\" ともマッチします。(新 <ulink url=\"&posix;\">POSIX</ulink> 機能)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4051 msgid "BASH can be tweaked to change its glob behavior with its shopt builtin options such as \"<literal>dotglob</literal>\", \"<literal>noglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nullglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", \"<literal>extglob</literal>\", etc. See <literal>bash</literal>(1)." msgstr "BASH は shopt 組み込みオプションで \"<literal>dotglob</literal>\" や \"<literal>noglob</literal>\" や \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\" や \"<literal>nullglob</literal>\" や \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\" や \"<literal>extglob</literal>\" などとすることでグロブ挙動を色々変更できます。<literal>bash</literal>(1) を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4055 msgid "Return value of the command" msgstr "コマンドの戻り値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4056 msgid "Each command returns its exit status (variable: \"<literal>$?</literal>\") as the return value." msgstr "各コマンドは終了ステータスを戻り値 (変数: \"<literal>$?</literal>\") として返します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4058 msgid "Command exit codes" msgstr "コマンドの終了コード" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4066 msgid "command exit status" msgstr "コマンドの終了状態" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4069 msgid "numeric return value" msgstr "戻り値の数値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4072 msgid "logical return value" msgstr "戻り値の論理値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4079 msgid "success" msgstr "成功" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4082 msgid "zero, 0" msgstr "ゼロ、0" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4085 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">TRUE</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">真</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4090 msgid "error" msgstr "失敗" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4093 msgid "non-zero, -1" msgstr "非ゼロ、-1" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4096 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">FALSE</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">偽</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4103 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ [ 1 = 1 ] ; echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ [ 1 = 2 ] ; echo $?\n" "1" msgstr "" "$ [ 1 = 1 ] ; echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ [ 1 = 2 ] ; echo $?\n" "1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4108 msgid "Please note that, in the logical context for the shell, <emphasis role=\"strong\">success</emphasis> is treated as the logical <emphasis role=\"strong\">TRUE</emphasis> which has 0 (zero) as its value. This is somewhat non-intuitive and needs to be reminded here." msgstr "シェルの論理的な観点では、<emphasis role=\"strong\">成功</emphasis>は、0 (ゼロ) の値を持つ論理的<emphasis role=\"strong\">真</emphasis>として扱われることに注意して下さい。少々これは非直感的なのでここで再確認する必要があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4112 msgid "Typical command sequences and shell redirection" msgstr "典型的なコマンドシーケンスとシェルリディレクション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4113 msgid "Let's try to remember following shell command idioms typed in one line as a part of shell command." msgstr "次に挙げるシェルコマンドの一部として一行でタイプするシェルコマンドの慣用句を覚えましょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4115 msgid "Shell command idioms" msgstr "シェルコマンドの慣用句" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4122 msgid "command idiom" msgstr "コマンドの慣用句" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4132 msgid "<literal>command &</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command &</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4134 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">background</emphasis> execution of <literal>command</literal> in the subshell" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> をサブシェル中で<emphasis role=\"strong\">バックグラウンド</emphasis>実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4139 msgid "<literal>command1 | command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 | command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4141 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> the standard output of <literal>command1</literal> to the standard input of <literal>command2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">concurrent</emphasis> execution)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal> の標準出力を <literal>command2</literal> の標準入力に <emphasis role=\"strong\">パイプ</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">同時並行</emphasis>で実行)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4146 msgid "<literal>command1 2>&1 | command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 2>&1 | command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4148 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> both standard output and standard error of <literal>command1</literal> to the standard input of <literal>command2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">concurrent</emphasis> execution)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal> の標準出力と標準エラー出力を <literal>command2</literal> の標準入力に<emphasis role=\"strong\">パイプ</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">同時進行</emphasis>で実行)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4153 msgid "<literal>command1 ; command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 ; command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4156 msgid "execute <literal>command1</literal> and <literal>command2</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis>" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal> を実行し、<emphasis role=\"strong\">後に続いて</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> を実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4161 msgid "<literal>command1 && command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 && command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4164 msgid "execute <literal>command1</literal>; if successful, execute <literal>command2</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis> (return success if both <literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">and</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> are successful)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal> を実行; もし成功したら、<emphasis role=\"strong\"> 後に続いて </emphasis><literal>command2</literal> を実行 (<literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">と</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> の両方が成功したら、正常終了を返す)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4169 msgid "<literal>command1 || command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 || command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4172 msgid "execute <literal>command1</literal>; if not successful, execute <literal>command2</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis> (return success if <literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">or</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> are successful)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal> を実行; もし成功しなかったら、<emphasis role=\"strong\">後に続いて</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> を実行 (<literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">か</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> のどちらかが成功したら、正常終了を返す) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4177 msgid "<literal>command > foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command > foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4180 msgid "redirect standard output of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (overwrite)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準出力を <literal>foo</literal> ファイルにリダイレクト (上書き)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4185 msgid "<literal>command 2> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command 2> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4188 msgid "redirect standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (overwrite)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準エラー出力を <literal>foo</literal> ファイルにリダイレクト (上書き) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4193 msgid "<literal>command >> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command >> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4196 msgid "redirect standard output of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (append)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準出力を <literal>foo</literal> ファイルにリダイレクト (追記) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4201 msgid "<literal>command 2>> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command 2>> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4204 msgid "redirect standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (append)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準エラー出力を <literal>foo</literal> ファイルにリダイレクト (追記)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4209 msgid "<literal>command > foo 2>&1</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command > foo 2>&1</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4212 msgid "redirect both standard output and standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\"" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準出力と標準エラー出力を <literal>foo</literal> ファイルにリダイレクト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4217 msgid "<literal>command < foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command < foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4220 msgid "redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準入力を <literal>foo</literal> ファイルからリダイレクト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4225 msgid "<literal>command << delimiter</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command << delimiter</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4228 msgid "redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to the following lines until \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" is met (here document)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準入力を \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" に出会うまでのこれに続く行からリダイレクト (ヒアドキュメント)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4233 msgid "<literal>command <<- delimiter</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command <<- delimiter</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4236 msgid "redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to the following lines until \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" is met (here document, the leading tab characters are stripped from input lines)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal> の標準入力を \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" に出会うまでのこれに続く行からリダイレクト (ヒアドキュメント、行頭のタブ文字は入力から削除)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4242 msgid "The Debian system is a multi-tasking system. Background jobs allow users to run multiple programs in a single shell. The management of the background process involves the shell builtins: <literal>jobs</literal>, <literal>fg</literal>, <literal>bg</literal>, and <literal>kill</literal>. Please read sections of bash(1) under \"SIGNALS\", and \"JOB CONTROL\", and <literal>builtins</literal>(1)." msgstr "Debian システムはマルチタスクシステムです。バックグラウンドジョブを使うと単一シェルの下で複数プログラムを実行可能にします。バックグラウンドジョブの管理にはシェル内部組み込みコマンドの <literal>jobs</literal> や <literal>fg</literal> や <literal>bg</literal> や <literal>kill</literal> を使います。bash(1) マンページ中の \"SIGNALS\" と \"JOB CONTROL\" セクションや <literal>builtins</literal>(1) を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4244 #, no-wrap msgid "$ </etc/motd pager" msgstr "$ </etc/motd pager" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4245 #, no-wrap msgid "$ pager </etc/motd" msgstr "$ pager </etc/motd" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4246 #, no-wrap msgid "$ pager /etc/motd" msgstr "$ pager /etc/motd" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4247 #, no-wrap msgid "$ cat /etc/motd | pager" msgstr "$ cat /etc/motd | pager" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4248 msgid "Although all 4 examples of shell redirections display the same thing, the last example runs an extra <literal>cat</literal> command and wastes resources with no reason." msgstr "4つ全ての例が全く同じ表示をしますが、最後の例は余計な <literal>cat</literal> コマンドを実行するので理由なくリソースの無駄遣いをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4249 msgid "The shell allows you to open files using the <literal>exec</literal> builtin with an arbitrary file descriptor." msgstr "シェルでは <literal>exec</literal> 組み込みコマンドを任意のファイルディスクリプタとともに使いファイルをオープンすることができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4250 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo Hello >foo\n" "$ exec 3<foo 4>bar # open files\n" "$ cat <&3 >&4 # redirect stdin to 3, stdout to 4\n" "$ exec 3<&- 4>&- # close files\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Hello" msgstr "" "$ echo Hello >foo\n" "$ exec 3<foo 4>bar # open files\n" "$ cat <&3 >&4 # redirect stdin to 3, stdout to 4\n" "$ exec 3<&- 4>&- # close files\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Hello" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4256 msgid "Here, \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis><&-</literal>\" and \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>>&-</literal>\" mean to close the file descriptor \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis></literal>\"." msgstr "上記で、\"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis><&-</literal>\" と \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>>&-</literal>\" はファイルディスクリプタ \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis></literal>\" をクローズするという意味です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4257 msgid "The file descriptor 0-2 are predefined." msgstr "ファイルデスクリプタの 0-2 は事前定義されています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4259 msgid "Predefined file descriptors" msgstr "事前定義されたファイルデスクリプタ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4267 msgid "device" msgstr "デバイス" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4273 msgid "file descriptor" msgstr "ファイルデスクリプタ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4280 msgid "<literal>stdin</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stdin</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4283 msgid "standard input" msgstr "標準出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4286 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9813 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:20135 msgid "0" msgstr "0" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4291 msgid "<literal>stdout</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stdout</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4294 msgid "standard output" msgstr "標準出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4297 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8544 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9824 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11764 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:20503 msgid "1" msgstr "1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4302 msgid "<literal>stderr</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stderr</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4305 msgid "standard error" msgstr "標準エラー出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4308 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9835 msgid "2" msgstr "2" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4316 msgid "Command alias" msgstr "コマンドエリアス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4317 msgid "You can set an alias for the frequently used command." msgstr "良く使うコマンドにエリアスを設定できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4319 #, no-wrap msgid "$ alias la='ls -la'" msgstr "$ alias la='ls -la'" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4320 msgid "Now, \"<literal>la</literal>\" works as a short hand for \"<literal>ls -la</literal>\" which lists all files in the long listing format." msgstr "こうすると、\"<literal>la</literal>\" が \"<literal>ls -la</literal>\" の短縮形として機能し、全てのファイルを長いリスト形式でリストします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4321 msgid "You can list any existing aliases by <literal>alias</literal> (see <literal>bash</literal>(1) under \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\")." msgstr "既存のエリアスは <literal>alias</literal> でリストできます (<literal>bash</literal>(1) の \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\" 参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4322 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ alias\n" "...\n" "alias la='ls -la'" msgstr "" "$ alias\n" "...\n" "alias la='ls -la'" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4325 msgid "You can identity exact path or identity of the command by <literal>type</literal> (see <literal>bash</literal>(1) under \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\")." msgstr "<literal>type</literal> 内部コマンドを使うと正確なパスやコマンドの正体を識別できます (<literal>bash</literal>(1) の \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\" 下参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4327 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ type ls\n" "ls is hashed (/bin/ls)\n" "$ type la\n" "la is aliased to ls -la\n" "$ type echo\n" "echo is a shell builtin\n" "$ type file\n" "file is /usr/bin/file" msgstr "" "$ type ls\n" "ls is hashed (/bin/ls)\n" "$ type la\n" "la is aliased to ls -la\n" "$ type echo\n" "echo is a shell builtin\n" "$ type file\n" "file is /usr/bin/file" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4335 msgid "Here <literal>ls</literal> was recently searched while \"<literal>file</literal>\" was not, thus \"<literal>ls</literal>\" is \"hashed\", i.e., the shell has an internal record for the quick access to the location of the \"<literal>ls</literal>\" command." msgstr "上記で、<literal>ls</literal> は最近探索されましたが \"<literal>file</literal>\" は最近探索されていませので、\"<literal>ls</literal>\" は \"ハッシュされた\" つまりシェルには \"<literal>ls</literal>\" コマンドの場所を高速アクセスのために内部記録していると表示されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4337 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4681 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4342 msgid "Unix-like text processing" msgstr "Unix 的テキスト処理" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4343 msgid "In Unix-like work environment, text processing is done by piping text through chains of standard text processing tools. This was another crucial Unix innovation." msgstr "Unix 的作業環境では、テキスト処理はテキストを標準テキスト処理ツールの連鎖パイプを通す行います。これは決定的な Unix の発明です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4345 msgid "Unix text tools" msgstr "Unix テキストツール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4346 msgid "There are few standard text processing tools which are used very often on the Unix-like system." msgstr "Unix 的システムでしばしば使われる標準テキスト処理ツールがいくつかあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4350 msgid "No regular expression is used:" msgstr "正規表現無使用:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4354 msgid "<literal>cat</literal>(1) concatenates files and outputs the whole content." msgstr "<literal>cat</literal>(1) はファイルをつなぎ合わせ全てを出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4358 msgid "<literal>tac</literal>(1) concatenates files and outputs in reverse." msgstr "<literal>tac</literal>(1) はファイルをつなぎ合わせ逆順で出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4362 msgid "<literal>cut</literal>(1) selects parts of lines and outputs." msgstr "<literal>cut</literal>(1) は行の一部を選択し出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4366 msgid "<literal>head</literal>(1) outputs the first part of files." msgstr "<literal>head</literal>(1) はファイルの最初の部分を選択し出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4370 msgid "<literal>tail</literal>(1) outputs the last part of files." msgstr "<literal>tail</literal>(1) はファイルの最後の部分を選択し出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4374 msgid "<literal>sort</literal>(1) sorts lines of text files." msgstr "<literal>sort</literal>(1) は行を順番に並び替えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4378 msgid "<literal>uniq</literal>(1) removes duplicate lines from a sorted file." msgstr "<literal>uniq</literal>(1) は順番に並べられたファイルから重複行を削除します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4382 msgid "<literal>tr</literal>(1) translates or deletes characters." msgstr "<literal>tr</literal>(1) は文字を変換削除します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4386 msgid "<literal>diff</literal>(1) compares files line by line." msgstr "<literal>diff</literal>(1) は1行ごとにファイルを比較します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4393 msgid "Basic regular expression (<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>) is used:" msgstr "基本正規表現 (<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>) 使用:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4397 msgid "<literal>grep</literal>(1) matches text with patterns." msgstr "<literal>egrep</literal>(1) はテキストのパターンマッチをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4401 msgid "<literal>ed</literal>(1) is a primitive line editor." msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1) は原始的な行エディター。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4405 msgid "<literal>sed</literal>(1) is a stream editor." msgstr "<literal>sed</literal>(1) はストリームエディター。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4409 msgid "<literal>vim</literal>(1) is a screen editor." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1) はスクリーンエディター。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4413 msgid "<literal>emacs</literal>(1) is a screen editor. (somewhat extended <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>)" msgstr "<literal>emacs</literal>(1) はスクリーンエディター。(ちょっと拡張された <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4420 msgid "Extended regular expression (<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>) is used:" msgstr "拡張正規表現 (<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>) 使用:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4424 msgid "<literal>egrep</literal>(1) matches text with patterns." msgstr "<literal>egrep</literal>(1) はテキストのパターンマッチをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4428 msgid "<literal>awk</literal>(1) does simple text processing." msgstr "<literal>awk</literal>(1) は単純なテキスト処理をします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4432 msgid "<literal>tcl</literal>(3tcl) can do every conceivable text processing: <literal>re_syntax</literal>(3). Often used with <literal>tk</literal>(3tk)." msgstr "<literal>tcl</literal>(3tcl) は考え得る全てのテキスト処理をします: <literal>re_syntax</literal>(3)。時々 <literal>tk</literal>(3tk) とともに使用されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4436 msgid "<literal>perl</literal>(1) can do every conceivable text processing. <literal>perlre</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>perl</literal>(1) は考え得る全てのテキスト処理をします。<literal>perlre</literal>(1)." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4440 msgid "<literal>pcregrep</literal>(1) from the <literal>pcregrep</literal> package matches text with <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE)</ulink> pattern." msgstr "<literal>pcregrep</literal> パッケージの <literal>pcregrep</literal>(1) はテキストのパターンマッチを <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl 互換正規表現 (PCRE)</ulink> パターンを使ってします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4444 msgid "<literal>python</literal>(1) with the <literal>re</literal> module can do every conceivable text processing. See \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/python/html/index.html</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>re</literal> モジュールとともに使うことで <literal>python</literal>(1) は考え得る全てのテキスト処理をします。\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/python/html/index.html</literal>\" を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4450 msgid "If you are not sure what exactly these commands do, please use \"<literal>man command</literal>\" to figure it out by yourself." msgstr "もしこれらのコマンドが正確にどう動作するかを確認したいなら、\"<literal>man command</literal>\" を使って自分で見つけましょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4452 msgid "Sort order and range expression are locale dependent. If you wish to obtain traditional behavior for a command, use <emphasis role=\"strong\">C</emphasis> locale instead of <emphasis role=\"strong\">UTF-8</emphasis> ones by prepnding command with \"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" (see <xref linkend=\"_literal_lang_literal_variable\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>)." msgstr "ソート順や範囲表現はロケールに依存します。コマンドの伝統的挙動を得たい際には、\"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" をコマンドの前に付けて <emphasis role=\"strong\">UTF-8</emphasis> ロケールではなく <emphasis role=\"strong\">C</emphasis> ロケールでコマンドを使います。(<xref linkend=\"_literal_lang_literal_variable\"/>と<xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>を参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4455 msgid "<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink> regular expressions (<literal>perlre</literal>(1)), <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE)</ulink>, and <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink> regular expressions offered by the <literal>re</literal> module have many common extensions to the normal <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink> 正規表現 (<literal>perlre</literal>(1)) と <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl 互換正規表現 (PCRE)</ulink> と <literal>re</literal> モジュールで提供される <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink> 正規表現は <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> に多くの共通の拡張をしています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4459 msgid "Regular expressions" msgstr "正規表現" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4460 msgid "<ulink url=\"®ularexpressions;\">Regular expressions</ulink> are used in many text processing tools. They are analogous to the shell globs, but they are more complicated and powerful." msgstr "<ulink url=\"®ularexpressions;\">正規表現</ulink>は多くのテキスト処理ツールで使われています。シェルグロブに類似していますがより複雑で強力です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4461 msgid "The regular expression describes the matching pattern and is made up of text characters and <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>." msgstr "正規表現はマッチするパターンを表現し、テキスト文字と<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>からなっています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4462 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacter</emphasis> is just a character with a special meaning. There are 2 major styles, <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>, depending on the text tools as described above." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>は特別な意味を持った文字です。上記のようにテキストツールによって、<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> と <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> の2つの主要なスタイルがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4464 msgid "Metacharacters for BRE and ERE" msgstr "BRE と ERE のメタ文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4472 msgid "BRE" msgstr "BRE" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4475 msgid "ERE" msgstr "ERE" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4478 msgid "description of the regular expression" msgstr "正規表現の説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4485 msgid "<literal> \\ . [ ] ^ $ * </literal>" msgstr "<literal> \\ . [ ] ^ $ * </literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4488 msgid "<literal>\\ . [ ] ^ $ *</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\ . [ ] ^ $ *</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4491 msgid "common <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>" msgstr "共通の<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4496 msgid "<literal>\\+ \\? \\( \\) \\{ \\} \\|</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\+ \\? \\( \\) \\{ \\} \\|</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4499 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4507 msgid " " msgstr " " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4502 msgid "BRE only \"<literal>\\</literal>\" escaped <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>" msgstr "\"<literal>\\</literal>\" でエスケープされた、BRE のみで用いる<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4510 msgid "<literal>+ ? ( ) { } |</literal>" msgstr "<literal>+ ? ( ) { } |</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4513 msgid "ERE only non-\"<literal>\\</literal>\" escaped <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>" msgstr "\"<literal>\\</literal>\" でエスケープされ無い、ERE のみで用いる<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4524 msgid "match <emphasis role=\"strong\">non-metacharacter</emphasis> \"<literal>c</literal>\"" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">非メタ文字</emphasis> \"<literal>c</literal>\" にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4529 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4532 msgid "<literal>\\c</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\c</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4535 msgid "match a literal character \"<literal>c</literal>\" even if \"<literal>c</literal>\" is <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacter</emphasis> by itself" msgstr "<literal>c</literal>\" 自身が<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>でも \"<literal>c</literal>\" というそのままの文字とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4540 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4543 msgid "<literal>.</literal>" msgstr "<literal>.</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4546 msgid "match any character including newline" msgstr "改行を含めた如何なる文字ともマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4551 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4554 msgid "<literal>^</literal>" msgstr "<literal>^</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4557 msgid "position at the beginning of a string" msgstr "文字列の最初とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4562 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4565 msgid "<literal>$</literal>" msgstr "<literal>$</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4568 msgid "position at the end of a string" msgstr "文字列の最後とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4573 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4576 msgid "<literal>\\<</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\<</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4579 msgid "position at the beginning of a word" msgstr "単語先頭とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4584 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4587 msgid "<literal>\\></literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4590 msgid "position at the end of a word" msgstr "単語末尾とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4595 msgid "<literal>\\[abc…\\]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\[abc…\\]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4598 msgid "<literal>[abc…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[abc…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4601 msgid "match any characters in \"<literal>abc…</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>abc…</literal>\" のいずれかの文字にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4606 msgid "<literal>\\[^abc…\\]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\[^abc…\\]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4609 msgid "<literal>[^abc…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[^abc…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4612 msgid "match any characters except in \"<literal>abc…</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>abc…</literal>\" 以外の文字にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4617 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4620 msgid "<literal>r*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4623 msgid "match zero or more regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r</literal>\" という正規表現の0回以上にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4628 msgid "<literal>r\\+</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r\\+</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4631 msgid "<literal>r+</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r+</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4634 msgid "match one or more regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r</literal>\" という正規表現の1回以上にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4639 msgid "<literal>r\\?</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r\\?</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4642 msgid "<literal>r?</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r?</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4645 msgid "match zero or one regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r</literal>\" という正規表現の0回か1回にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4650 msgid "<literal>r1\\|r2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r1\\|r2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4653 msgid "<literal>r1|r2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r1|r2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4656 msgid "match one of the regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r1</literal>\" or \"<literal>r2</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r1</literal>\" か \"<literal>r2</literal>\" という正規表現のいずれかにマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4661 msgid "<literal>\\(r1\\|r2\\)</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\(r1\\|r2\\)</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4664 msgid "<literal>(r1|r2)</literal>" msgstr "<literal>(r1|r2)</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4667 msgid "match one of the regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r1</literal>\" or \"<literal>r2</literal>\" and treat it as a <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression" msgstr "\"<literal>r1</literal>\" か \"<literal>r2</literal>\" という正規表現のいずれかにマッチし、それを<emphasis role=\"strong\">括弧で囲まれた</emphasis>正規表現と見なす" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4673 msgid "The regular expression of <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>emacs</literal></emphasis> is basically <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> but has been extended to treat \"<literal>+</literal>\"and \"<literal>?</literal>\" as the <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis> as in <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>. Thus, there are no needs to escape them with \"<literal>\\</literal>\" in the regular expression of <literal>emacs</literal>." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>emacs</literal></emphasis> の正規表現は、<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> 同様の \"<literal>+</literal>\" と \"<literal>?</literal>\" を<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>と扱う拡張をしてはありますが、基本的に <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> です。これら文字を <literal>emacs</literal> の正規表現で \"<literal>\\</literal>\" でエスケープする必要はありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4674 msgid "<literal>grep</literal>(1) can be used to perform the text search using the regular expression." msgstr "<literal>grep</literal>(1) をつかうと正規表現を使って文字列探索ができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4676 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ egrep 'GNU.*LICENSE|Yoyodyne' /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program" msgstr "" "$ egrep 'GNU.*LICENSE|Yoyodyne' /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4685 msgid "Replacement expressions" msgstr "置換式" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4686 msgid "For the replacement expression, some characters have special meanings." msgstr "置換式の場合、一部の文字に特別な意味があります" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4688 msgid "The replacement expression" msgstr "置換式" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4695 msgid "replacement expression" msgstr "置換式" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4698 msgid "description of the text to replace the replacement expression" msgstr "置換式を置換する文字の説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4705 msgid "<literal>&</literal>" msgstr "<literal>&</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4708 msgid "what the regular expression matched (use <literal>\\&</literal> in <literal>emacs</literal>)" msgstr "正規表現がマッチしたもの (<literal>emacs</literal> では <literal>\\&</literal> を使用)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4713 msgid "<literal>\\n</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\n</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4716 msgid "what the n-th <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression matched (\"n\" being number)" msgstr "n番目の<emphasis role=\"strong\">括弧で囲まれた</emphasis>正規表現にマッチしたもの (\"n\" は数字)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4722 msgid "For Perl replacement string, \"<literal>$n</literal>\" is used instead of \"<literal>\\n</literal>\" and \"<literal>&</literal>\" has no special meaning." msgstr "Perl の置換式では、\"<literal>\\n</literal>\" の代わりに \"<literal>$n</literal>\" をつかい、\"<literal>&</literal>\" には特段の意味はありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4724 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=1abc2efg3hij4=\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/\\2===\\1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/$2===$1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=&=" msgstr "" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=1abc2efg3hij4=\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/\\2===\\1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/$2===$1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=&=" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4736 msgid "Here please pay extra attention to the style of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression and how the matched strings are used in the text replacement process on different tools." msgstr "ここで、<emphasis role=\"strong\">括弧で囲まれた</emphasis>正規表現のスタイルと、マッチした文字列が異なるツール上でテキスト置換処理にどう使われるかとに注目下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4737 msgid "These regular expressions can be used for cursor movements and text replacement actions in some editors too." msgstr "これらの正規表現は一部エディター内でカーソールの動きやテキスト置換アクションに対しても使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4738 msgid "The back slash \"<literal>\\</literal>\" at the end of line in the shell commandline escapes newline as a white space character and continues shell command line input to the next line." msgstr "シェルコマンドラインの行末のバックスラッシュ \"<literal>\\</literal>\" は改行をホワイトスペース文字としてエスケープするので、シェルコマンドライン入力を次行に継続させます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4739 msgid "Please read all the related manual pages to learn these commands." msgstr "これらのコマンドを習うために、関連するマニュアルページを全て読んで下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4742 msgid "Global substitution with regular expressions" msgstr "正規表現を使ったグローバル置換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4743 msgid "The <literal>ed</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in \"<literal>file</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1) コマンドは次のようにすると \"<literal>file</literal>\" 中に存在する全ての \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" を \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" で置換できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4744 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ed file <<EOF\n" ",s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g\n" "w\n" "q\n" "EOF" msgstr "" "$ ed file <<EOF\n" ",s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g\n" "w\n" "q\n" "EOF" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4749 msgid "The <literal>sed</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in \"<literal>file</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>sed</literal>(1) コマンドは次のようにすると \"<literal>file</literal>\" 中に存在する全ての \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" を \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" で置換できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4750 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sed file 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g' | sponge file" msgstr "$ sed file 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g' | sponge file" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4752 msgid "The <literal>sponge</literal>(8) command is a non-standard Unix tool offered by the <literal>moreutils</literal> package. This is quite useful when you wish to overwrite original file." msgstr "<literal>sponge</literal>(8) コマンドは <literal>moreutils</literal> パッケージが提供する非標準の Unix ツールです。これはオリジナルファイルの上書きがしたい際に非常に有用です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4754 msgid "The <literal>vim</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in \"<literal>file</literal>\" by using <literal>ex</literal>(1) commands." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1) コマンドは <literal>ex</literal>(1) コマンドを使い次のようにすると \"<literal>file</literal>\" 中に存在する全ての \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" を \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" で置換できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4755 #, no-wrap msgid "$ vim '+%s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/gc' '+w' '+q' file" msgstr "$ vim '+%s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/gc' '+w' '+q' file" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4757 msgid "The \"<literal>c</literal>\" flag in the above ensures interactive confirmation for each substitution." msgstr "上記の \"<literal>c</literal>\" フラグをにより各置換毎に対話型の確認をします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4759 msgid "Multiple files (\"<literal>file1</literal>\", \"<literal>file2</literal>\", and \"<literal>file3</literal>\") can be processed with regular expressions similarly with <literal>vim</literal>(1) or <literal>perl</literal>(1)." msgstr "複数ファイル (\"<literal>file1</literal>\" と \"<literal>file2</literal>\" と \"<literal>file3</literal>\") を <literal>vim</literal>(1) や <literal>perl</literal>(1) で同様に正規表現を用いて処理できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4760 #, no-wrap msgid "$ vim '+argdo %s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/ge|update' '+q' file1 file2 file3" msgstr "$ vim '+argdo %s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/ge|update' '+q' file1 file2 file3" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4762 msgid "The \"<literal>e</literal>\" flag in the above prevents the \"No match\" error from breaking a mapping." msgstr "上記の \"<literal>e</literal>\" フラグをにより \"No match\" エラーでマッピングが停止することを防ぎます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4764 #, no-wrap msgid "$ perl -i -p -e 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g;' file1 file2 file3" msgstr "$ perl -i -p -e 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g;' file1 file2 file3" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4765 msgid "In the perl(1) example, \"<literal>-i</literal>\" is for in-place editing, \"<literal>-p</literal>\" is for implicit loop over files." msgstr "perl(1) の例中で、\"<literal>-i</literal>\" はその場での編集、\"<literal>-p</literal>\" はファイルに関する暗黙的なループを意味します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4767 msgid "Use of argument \"<literal>-i.bak</literal>\" instead of \"<literal>-i</literal>\" keeps each original file by adding \"<literal>.bak</literal>\" to its filename. This makes recovery from errors easier for complex substitutions." msgstr "\"<literal>-i</literal>\" の代わりに \"<literal>-i.bak</literal>\" という引数を用いるとオリジナルファイル名に \"<literal>.bak</literal>\" をつけたファイル名でオリジナルファイルが保管されます。複雑な置換のエラーからの復元が簡単にできます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4770 msgid "<literal>ed</literal>(1) and <literal>vim</literal>(1) are <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>; <literal>perl</literal>(1) is <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>." msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1) や <literal>vim</literal>(1) は <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> です。一方、<literal>perl</literal>(1) は <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4774 msgid "Extracting data from text file table" msgstr "テキストファイルからのデーター抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4775 msgid "Let's consider a text file called \"<literal>DPL</literal>\" in which some pre-2004 Debian project leader's names and their initiation days are listed in a space-separated format." msgstr "2004年以前の元 Debian リーダの名前と就任日がスペースで分割されたフォーマットでリストされている \"<literal>DPL</literal>\" と呼ばれるファイルを考えてみましょう。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4777 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Bruce Perens April 1996\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "Wichert Akkerman January 1999\n" "Ben Collins April 2001\n" "Bdale Garbee April 2002\n" "Martin Michlmayr March 2003" msgstr "" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Bruce Perens April 1996\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "Wichert Akkerman January 1999\n" "Ben Collins April 2001\n" "Bdale Garbee April 2002\n" "Martin Michlmayr March 2003" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4785 msgid "See <ulink url=\"&abriefhistoryofdebian;\">\"A Brief History of Debian\"</ulink> for the latest <ulink url=\"&debianleadershiphistory;\">Debian leadership history</ulink>." msgstr "最新の<ulink url=\"&debianleadershiphistory;\">Debian のリーダーの歴史</ulink>に関しては、<ulink url=\"&abriefhistoryofdebian;\">\"A Brief History of Debian\"</ulink> を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4787 msgid "Awk is frequently used to extract data from these types of files." msgstr "Awk はこういったタイプのファイルからデーターを抽出するために良く使われます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4789 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ awk '{ print $3 }' <DPL # month started\n" "August\n" "April\n" "January\n" "January\n" "April\n" "April\n" "March\n" "$ awk '($1==\"Ian\") { print }' <DPL # DPL called Ian\n" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "$ awk '($2==\"Perens\") { print $3,$4 }' <DPL # When Perens started\n" "April 1996" msgstr "" "$ awk '{ print $3 }' <DPL # month started\n" "August\n" "April\n" "January\n" "January\n" "April\n" "April\n" "March\n" "$ awk '($1==\"Ian\") { print }' <DPL # DPL called Ian\n" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "$ awk '($2==\"Perens\") { print $3,$4 }' <DPL # When Perens started\n" "April 1996" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4802 msgid "Shells such as Bash can be also used to parse this kind of file." msgstr "Bash などのシェルもこれらのファイルを解釈するのに使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4804 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ while read first last month year; do\n" " echo $month\n" " done <DPL\n" "... same output as the first Awk example" msgstr "" "$ while read first last month year; do\n" " echo $month\n" " done <DPL\n" "... 最初の Awk 例と同じ出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4808 msgid "Here, the <literal>read</literal> builtin command uses characters in \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" (internal field separators) to split lines into words." msgstr "ここで、<literal>read</literal> 組込みコマンドは \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" (内部フィールドセパレータ) を用いて行を単語単位で分割します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4809 msgid "If you change \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" to \"<literal>:</literal>\", you can parse \"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\" with shell nicely." msgstr "\"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" を \"<literal>:</literal>\" に変更すると、\"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\" をシェルでうまく解読できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4810 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ oldIFS=\"$IFS\" # save old value\n" "$ IFS=':'\n" "$ while read user password uid gid rest_of_line; do\n" " if [ \"$user\" = \"bozo\" ]; then\n" " echo \"$user's ID is $uid\"\n" " fi\n" " done < /etc/passwd\n" "bozo's ID is 1000\n" "$ IFS=\"$oldIFS\" # restore old value" msgstr "" "$ oldIFS=\"$IFS\" # save old value\n" "$ IFS=':'\n" "$ while read user password uid gid rest_of_line; do\n" " if [ \"$user\" = \"bozo\" ]; then\n" " echo \"$user's ID is $uid\"\n" " fi\n" " done < /etc/passwd\n" "bozo's ID is 1000\n" "$ IFS=\"$oldIFS\" # restore old value" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4819 msgid "(If Awk is used to do the equivalent, use \"<literal>FS=':'</literal>\" to set the field separator.)" msgstr "(同じことを Awk を使って行うには、フィールドセパレータ設定は \"<literal>FS=':'</literal>\" とします。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4820 msgid "IFS is also used by the shell to split results of parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. These do not occur within double or single quoted words. The default value of IFS is <space>, <tab>, and <newline> combined." msgstr "IFS はパラメーター展開、コマンド置換、数式展開の結果を分割するためにもシェルにより使われます。これはダブルクォートやシングルクォートされた単語内では発生しません。IFS の標準値は <space> と <tab> と <newline> の組合せです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4821 msgid "Be careful about using this shell IFS tricks. Strange things may happen, when shell interprets some parts of the script as its <emphasis role=\"strong\">input</emphasis>." msgstr "シェルの IFS トリックを注意深く使って下さい。シェルがスクリプトの一部を<emphasis role=\"strong\">入力</emphasis>として解釈した場合に、奇妙なことが起きるかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4822 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ IFS=\":,\" # use \":\" and \",\" as IFS\n" "$ echo IFS=$IFS, IFS=\"$IFS\" # echo is a Bash builtin\n" "IFS= , IFS=:,\n" "$ date -R # just a command output\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:15 +0200\n" "$ echo $(date -R) # sub shell --> input to main shell\n" "Sat 23 Aug 2003 08 30 36 +0200\n" "$ unset IFS # reset IFS to the default\n" "$ echo $(date -R)\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:50 +0200" msgstr "" "$ IFS=\":,\" # use \":\" and \",\" as IFS\n" "$ echo IFS=$IFS, IFS=\"$IFS\" # echo is a Bash builtin\n" "IFS= , IFS=:,\n" "$ date -R # just a command output\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:15 +0200\n" "$ echo $(date -R) # sub shell --> input to main shell\n" "Sat 23 Aug 2003 08 30 36 +0200\n" "$ unset IFS # reset IFS to the default\n" "$ echo $(date -R)\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:50 +0200" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4834 msgid "Script snippets for piping commands" msgstr "コマンドをパイプするためのスクリプト断片" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4835 msgid "The following scripts do nice things as a part of a pipe." msgstr "次のスクリプトはパイプの一部として素晴らしいことをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4837 msgid "List of script snippets for piping commands" msgstr "コマンドをパイプするためのスクリプト断片" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4844 msgid "script snippet (type in one line)" msgstr "スクリプト断片 (1行入力)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4847 msgid "effect of command" msgstr "コマンドの効果" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4854 msgid "<literal>find /usr -print</literal>" msgstr "<literal>find /usr -print</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4857 msgid "find all files under \"<literal>/usr</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/usr</literal>\" の下の全ファイル発見" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4862 msgid "<literal>seq 1 100</literal>" msgstr "<literal>seq 1 100</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4865 msgid "print 1 to 100" msgstr "1から100までプリント" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4870 msgid "<literal> | xargs -n 1 <command></literal>" msgstr "<literal> | xargs -n 1 <command></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4873 msgid "run command repeatedly with each item from pipe as its argument" msgstr "パイプからの各項目を引数としてコマンドを反復実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4878 msgid "<literal> | xargs -n 1 echo</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | xargs -n 1 echo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4881 msgid "split white-space-separated items from pipe into lines" msgstr "パイプからのホワイトスペースで分離された項目を行に分割" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4886 msgid "<literal> | xargs echo</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | xargs echo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4889 msgid "merge all lines from pipe into a line" msgstr "パイプからの全ての行を1行にマージ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4894 msgid "<literal> | grep -e <regex_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal> | grep -e <regex_pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4897 msgid "extract lines from pipe containing <regex_pattern>" msgstr "<regex_pattern> を含む行を抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4902 msgid "<literal> | grep -v -e <regex_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal> | grep -v -e <regex_pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4905 msgid "extract lines from pipe not containing <regex_pattern>" msgstr "<regex_pattern> を含まない行を抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4910 msgid "<literal> | cut -d: -f3 -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | cut -d: -f3 -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4913 msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by \"<literal>:</literal>\" (passwd file etc.)" msgstr "\"<literal>:</literal>\" で区切られた3番目のフィールドを抽出 (passwd ファイルなど)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4918 msgid "<literal> | awk '{ print $3 }'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | awk '{ print $3 }'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4921 msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by whitespaces" msgstr "ホワイトスペースで区切られた3番目のフィールドを抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4926 msgid "<literal> | awk -F'\\t' '{ print $3 }'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | awk -F'\\t' '{ print $3 }'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4929 msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by tab" msgstr "タブで区切られた3番目のフィールドを抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4934 msgid "<literal> | col -bx</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | col -bx</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4937 msgid "remove backspace and expand tabs to spaces" msgstr "バックスペースを削除し、タブをスベースに変換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4942 msgid "<literal> | expand -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | expand -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4945 msgid "expand tabs" msgstr "タブをスベースに変換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4950 msgid "<literal> | sort| uniq</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sort| uniq</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4953 msgid "sort and remove duplicates" msgstr "入力をソートし重複箇所を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4958 msgid "<literal> | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4961 msgid "convert uppercase to lowercase" msgstr "大文字を小文字に変換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4966 msgid "<literal> | tr -d '\\n'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tr -d '\\n'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4969 msgid "concatenate lines into one line" msgstr "複数行を1行に連結" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4974 msgid "<literal> | tr -d '\\r'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tr -d '\\r'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4977 msgid "remove CR" msgstr "キャリッジリターンを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4982 msgid "<literal> | sed 's/^/# /'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sed 's/^/# /'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4985 msgid "add \"<literal>#</literal>\" to the start of each line" msgstr "各行頭に \"<literal>#</literal>\" を追加" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4990 msgid "<literal> | sed 's/\\.ext//g'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sed 's/\\.ext//g'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4993 msgid "remove \"<literal>.ext</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>.ext</literal>\" を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4998 msgid "<literal> | sed -n -e 2p</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sed -n -e 2p</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5001 msgid "print the second line" msgstr "2番目の行を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5006 msgid "<literal> | head -n 2 -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | head -n 2 -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5009 msgid "print the first 2 lines" msgstr "最初の2行を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5014 msgid "<literal> | tail -n 2 -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tail -n 2 -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5017 msgid "print the last 2 lines" msgstr "最後の2行を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5023 msgid "One-line shell script can loop over many files using <literal>find</literal>(1) and <literal>xargs</literal>(1) to perform quite complicated tasks. See <xref linkend=\"_idioms_for_the_selection_of_files\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_repeating_a_command_looping_over_files\"/>." msgstr "1行のシェルスクリプトは <literal>find</literal>(1) や <literal>xargs</literal>(1) を使って非常に複雑な操作を多くのファイルに繰り返し実行できます。<xref linkend=\"_idioms_for_the_selection_of_files\"/>と<xref linkend=\"_repeating_a_command_looping_over_files\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5024 msgid "When using the shell interactive mode becomes too complicated, please consider to write a shell script (see <xref linkend=\"_the_shell_script\"/>)." msgstr "シェルの対話モードを使うのが複雑過ぎるようになったときには、シェルのスクリプトを書くのも一計です (<xref linkend=\"_the_shell_script\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5029 msgid "Debian package management" msgstr "Debian パッケージ管理" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5031 msgid "This chapter is written assuming the latest stable release is codename: <literal>&codename-stable;</literal>." msgstr "本章は最新安定版リリースがコード名: <literal>&codename-stable;</literal> と言う前提で書かれています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5033 msgid "<ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> is a volunteer organization which builds <emphasis role=\"strong\">consistent</emphasis> distributions of pre-compiled binary packages of free software and distributes them from its archive." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> は、フリーソフトウエアーのコンパイル済みバイナリーパッケージからなる<emphasis role=\"strong\">整合性</emphasis>あるディストリビューションを作り、そのアーカイブを通じてそれらを頒布するボランティア組織です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5034 msgid "<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">The Debian archive</ulink> is offered by <ulink url=\"&manyremotemirrorsites;\">many remote mirror sites</ulink> for access through HTTP and FTP methods. It is also available as <ulink url=\"&cdromdvd;\">CD-ROM/DVD</ulink>." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">Debian のアーカイブ</ulink>は、HTTP や FTP 法によるアクセスされるための<ulink url=\"&manyremotemirrorsites;\">多くのリモートのミラーサイト</ulink>として提供されています。それは、<ulink url=\"&cdromdvd;\">CD-ROM/DVD</ulink> によっても提供されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5035 msgid "The Debian package management system, <emphasis role=\"strong\">when used properly</emphasis>, offers the user to install <emphasis role=\"strong\">consistent sets of binary packages</emphasis> to the system from the archive. Currently, there are &all-packages; packages available for the &arch; architecture." msgstr "Debian のパッケージ管理システムは、<emphasis role=\"strong\">適正に使われれば</emphasis>、<emphasis role=\"strong\">バイナリーパッケージの整合性ある組み合わせ</emphasis>がアーカイブからシステムにインストールされるようになっています。現在、&arch; アーキテクチャーには &all-packages; つのパッケージがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5036 msgid "The Debian package management system has a rich history and many choices for the front end user program and back end archive access method to be used. Currently, we recommend the following." msgstr "Debian のパッケージ管理システムは、多彩な歴史があり、使用されるフロントエンドのユーザープログラムやバックエンドのアーカイブへのアクセス方法に多くの選択肢があります。現在は以下を推薦します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5039 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal>(8) for all commandline operations, including package installation and removal, and dist-upgrades." msgstr "パッケージのインストールや削除や dist-upgrade を含む全てのコマンドライン操作のためには <literal>apt-get</literal>(8)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5043 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) for an interactive text interface to manage the installed packages and to search the available packages." msgstr "インストールされたパッケージの管理したり使用可能なパッケージを探索するためのインタラクティブなテキストインターフェース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5047 msgid "<literal>update-manager</literal>(8) for keeping your system up-to-date if you're running the default GNOME desktop." msgstr "デフォルトの GNOME デスクトップを実行している場合にあなたのシステムを最新に保つには <literal>update-manager</literal>(8)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5052 msgid "List of Debian package management tools" msgstr "Debian のパッケージ管理ツールのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5080 msgid "Advanced Packaging Tool (APT), front-end for <literal>dpkg</literal> providing \"<literal>http</literal>\", \"<literal>ftp</literal>\", and \"<literal>file</literal>\" archive access methods (<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> commands included)" msgstr "アドバンスドパッケージツール (APT)、\"<literal>http</literal>\" や \"<literal>ftp</literal>\" や \"<literal>file</literal>\" というアーカイブへのアクセス方法を <literal>dpkg</literal> に提供するフロントエンド (<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> コマンドを含む)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5088 msgid "interactive terminal-based package manager with <literal>aptitude</literal>(8)" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) を使うインタラクティブなターミナルベースのパッケージマネージャー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5096 msgid "GNOME application that manages software updates with <literal>update-manager</literal>(8)" msgstr "<literal>update-manager</literal>(8) を使ってソフトウエアーの更新を管理する GNOME のアプリケーション" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5104 msgid "tool for selecting tasks for installation on Debian system (front-end for APT)" msgstr "Debian システムにタスクをインストールするための選択ツール (APT のフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5112 msgid "enhancement package for APT to enable automatic installation of security upgrades" msgstr "セキュリティーアップデートの自動インストールを可能にする APT の拡張パッケージ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5120 msgid "terminal-based package manager (previous standard, front-end for APT and other old access methods)" msgstr "ターミナルベースのパッケージマネージャー (過去の標準、APT や他の旧式のアクセス法のフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5128 msgid "package management system for Debian" msgstr "Debian のためのパッケージ管理システム" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5136 msgid "graphical package manager (GNOME front-end for APT)" msgstr "グラフィカルなパッケージマネージャー (APT の GNOME フロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5144 msgid "APT utility programs: <literal>apt-extracttemplates</literal>(1), <literal>apt-ftparchive</literal>(1), and <literal>apt-sortpkgs</literal>(1)" msgstr "APT ユーティリティープログラム: <literal>apt-extracttemplates</literal>(1) と <literal>apt-ftparchive</literal>(1) と <literal>apt-sortpkgs</literal>(1)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5152 msgid "package change history notification tool" msgstr "パッケージ変更履歴の通知ツール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5160 msgid "lists critical bugs before each APT installation" msgstr "APT による各インストール前にクリチカルバグをリストする" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5168 msgid "APT package searching utility — command-line interface" msgstr "APT パッケージ探索ユーティリティー -- コマンドラインインターフェース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5176 msgid "recursively lists package dependencies" msgstr "パッケージの依存関係を再帰的にリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5183 msgid "Debian package management prerequisites" msgstr "Debain パッケージ管理の前提条件" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5185 msgid "Package configuration" msgstr "パッケージ設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5186 msgid "Here are some key points for package configuration on the Debian system." msgstr "Debian システム上でのパッケージ設定の要点を次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5190 msgid "The manual configuration by the system administrator is respected. In other words, the package configuration system makes no intrusive configuration for the sake of convenience." msgstr "システム管理者による手動の設定は尊重されます。言い換えれば、パッケージ設定システムは利便性のために勝手な設定をしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5195 msgid "Each package comes with its own configuration script with standardized user interface called <literal>debconf</literal>(7) to help initial installation process of the package." msgstr "各パッケージは、パッケージの初期インストールプロセスを助けるための <literal>debconf</literal>(7) と呼ばれる標準化されたユーザーインターフェースを使用し、それぞれ毎の設定スクリプトとともに提供されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5200 msgid "Debian Developers try their best to make your upgrade experience flawless with package configuration scripts." msgstr "Debian の開発者はパッケージの設定スクリプトによりユーザーのアップグレードが滞りなく進むように最大限の努力を行います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5205 msgid "Full functionalities of packaged software are available to the system administrator. But ones with security risks are disabled in the default installation." msgstr "システム管理者にはパッケージされたソフトウエアーの全機能が使用可能です。ただしセキュリティーリスクのある機能はデフォールトのインストール状態では無効にされています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5210 msgid "If you manually activate a service with some security risks, you are responsible for the risk containment." msgstr "セキュリティーリスクのあるサービスを手動でアクティベートした場合は、リスクの封じ込めはあなたの責任です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5215 msgid "Esoteric configuration may be manually enabled by the system administrator. This may creates interference with popular generic helper programs for the system configuration." msgstr "システム管理者は難解奇異な設定を手動で有効にできます。ただこんなことをすればポピュラーな一般の補助プログラムとは干渉してしまうかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5221 msgid "Basic precautions" msgstr "基本的な注意事項" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5223 msgid "Do not install packages from random mixture of suites. It probably breaks the package consistency which requires deep system management knowledge, such as compiler <ulink url=\"&abi;\">ABI</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&library;\">library</ulink> version, interpreter features, etc." msgstr "ランダムな混合のスイーツからパッケージをインストールしてはいけません。コンパイラーの <ulink url=\"&abi;\">ABI</ulink> とか<ulink url=\"&library;\">ライブラリー</ulink> のバージョンとかインタープリターの機能等のシステム管理に関する深い知見が必要なパッケージの整合性がきっと破壊されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5225 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&newbie;\">newbie</ulink> Debian system administrator should stay with the <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release of Debian while applying only security updates. I mean that some of the following valid actions are better avoided, as a precaution, until you understand the Debian system very well. Here are some reminders." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&newbie;\">初心者</ulink>の Debian システム管理者は <emphasis role=\"strong\">Debian の安定版 <literal>stable</literal></emphasis> リリースをセキュリティーアップデートを適用しながら使うべきです。Debian システムを非常によく理解するまでは、用心として次の有効なアクションですら避けておくべきと考えます。次は留意点です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5229 msgid "Do not include <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>testing</literal></emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" の中に<emphasis role=\"strong\">テスト版 <literal>testing</literal></emphasis> とか不安定版 <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> とかを含めません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5234 msgid "Do not mix standard Debian with other non-Debian archives such as Ubuntu in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" の中に標準の Debian と Debian 以外の Ubuntu のようなアーカイブを混在させません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5239 msgid "Do not create \"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" を作成しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5244 msgid "Do not change default behavior of package management tools through configuration files without knowing their full impacts." msgstr "パッケージ管理ツールのデフォールトを影響を理解せずに変更しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5249 msgid "Do not install random packages by \"<literal>dpkg -i <random_package></literal>\"." msgstr "ランダムなパッケージを \"<literal>dpkg -i <random_package></literal>\" でインストールしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5254 msgid "Do not ever install random packages by \"<literal>dpkg --force-all -i <random_package></literal>\"." msgstr "ランダムなパッケージを \"<literal>dpkg --force-all -i <random_package></literal>\" で絶対インストールしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5259 msgid "Do not erase or alter files in \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/</literal>\" の中のファイルを消去や改変しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5264 msgid "Do not overwrite system files by installing software programs directly compiled from source." msgstr "ソースから直接コンパイルしたソフトウエアープログラムをインストールする際にシステムファイルを上書きしません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5269 msgid "Install them into \"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\" or \"<literal>/opt</literal>\", if needed." msgstr "必要な場合は \"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\" か \"<literal>/opt/</literal>\" 中にインストールします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5275 msgid "The non-compatible effects caused by above actions to the Debian package management system may leave your system unusable." msgstr "上記のアクションで起きる Debian パッケージシステムへのコンパチブルでない効果はシステムを使えなくするかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5276 msgid "The serious Debian system administrator who runs mission critical servers, should use extra precautions." msgstr "ミッションクリティカルなサーバーを走らせる真剣な Debian システム管理者は更なる用心をすべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5280 msgid "Do not install any packages including security updates from Debian without thoroughly testing them with your particular configuration under safe conditions." msgstr "安全な条件下であなたの特定の設定で徹底的にテストすることなくセキュリティーアップデートをも含めた如何なるパッケージもインストールをしてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5285 msgid "You as the system administrator are responsible for your system in the end." msgstr "システム管理者のあなたがシステムに対して最終責任があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5290 msgid "The long stability history of Debian system is no guarantee by itself." msgstr "Debian システムの長い安定性の歴史それ自体は何の保証でもありません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5298 msgid "Life with eternal upgrades" msgstr "永遠のアップグレード人生" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5299 msgid "Despite my warnings above, I know many readers of this document wish to run the <literal>testing</literal> or <literal>unstable</literal> suites of Debian as their main system for <emphasis role=\"strong\">self-administered Desktop environments</emphasis>. This is because they work very well, are updated frequently, and offer the latest features." msgstr "私が上記で警告したとはいえ、<emphasis role=\"strong\">自分自身で管理するデスクトップ環境</emphasis>では Debian のテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> や不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> のスイーツを自分のメインのシステムとして使おうと多くの本書の読者が望むことは分かっています。システムは非常に快調に動くし、頻繁に更新されるし、最新の機能が提供されるからです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5301 msgid "For your <emphasis role=\"strong\">production server</emphasis>, the <literal>stable</literal> suite with the security updates is recommended. The same can be said for desktop PCs on which you can spend limited administration efforts, e.g. for your mother's PC." msgstr "あなたの<emphasis role=\"strong\">業務サーバー</emphasis>には、セキュリティーアップデートをした安定版 <literal>stable</literal> スイーツを推薦します。例えばあなたの母親の PC のように、管理に限られた時間しか割けないデスクトップ PC に関しても同様の事が言えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5303 msgid "It takes no more than simply setting the distribution string in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" to the suite name: \"<literal>testing</literal>\" or \"<literal>unstable</literal>\"; or the codename: \"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>\" or \"<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>\". This makes you live <emphasis role=\"strong\">the life of eternal upgrades</emphasis>." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" の中のディストリビューション文字列を、\"<literal>testing</literal>\" とか \"<literal>unstable</literal>\" というスイーツ名、もしくは \"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal> とか \"<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>\" というコード名に単に設定するだけで十分です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5304 msgid "The use of <literal>testing</literal> or <literal>unstable</literal> is <emphasis role=\"strong\">a lot of fun</emphasis> but comes with some risks. Even though the <literal>unstable</literal> suite of Debian system looks very stable for most of the times, there have been some package problems on the <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal> suite of Debian system and a few of them were not so trivial to resolve. It may be <emphasis role=\"strong\">quite painful</emphasis> for you. Sometimes, you may have a broken package or missing functionality for a few weeks." msgstr "<literal>testing</literal> や <literal>unstable</literal> を使うことは<emphasis role=\"strong\">大変楽しい</emphasis>けれど、リスクがついてきます。Debian システムの <literal>unstable</literal> スイーツさえおおむね非常に安定に見えますが、Debian システムの <literal>testing</literal> や <literal>unstable</literal> スイーツでは過去パッケージ上の問題をいくつか経験して来てるし、その一部は簡単には解決できないものでした。<emphasis role=\"strong\">結構痛い目</emphasis>に会うことになるかもしれませんよ。時々、壊れたパッケージや機能の欠損が数週間続くことが起こります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5305 msgid "Here are some ideas to ensure quick and easy recovery from bugs in Debian packages." msgstr "Debian パッケージのバグからの早急かつ簡単な復元を確実にするいくつかのアイデアがここにあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5309 msgid "Make the system <emphasis role=\"strong\">dual bootable</emphasis> by installing the <literal>stable</literal> suite of Debian system to another partition" msgstr "Debian システムの安定版 <literal>stable</literal> スイーツを別のパーティションにインストールし、システムを<emphasis role=\"strong\">ヂュアルブータブル</emphasis>化" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5314 msgid "Make the installation CD handy for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">rescue boot</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">レスキューブート</emphasis>のためのインストール用 CD を手元に確保" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5319 msgid "Consider installing <literal>apt-listbugs</literal> to check the <ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian Bug Tracking System (BTS)</ulink> information before the upgrade" msgstr "<literal>apt-listbugs</literal> をインストールしてアップグレードの前に <ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian バグトラッキングシステム (BTS)</ulink> をチェックを考慮" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5324 msgid "Learn the package system infrastructure enough to work around the problem" msgstr "問題回避するのに十分なだけのパッケージシステムの基盤を学習" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5329 msgid "Create a chroot or similar environment and run the latest system in it in advance (see <xref linkend=\"_virtualized_system\"/>)" msgstr "chroot か類似の環境を作り事前に最新のシステムを実行 (<xref linkend=\"_virtualized_system\"/>参照)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5333 msgid "(If you can not do any one of these precautionary actions, you are probably not ready for the <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal> suites.)" msgstr "(これらの用心のための方策の何れもできないなら、テスト版 <literal>testing</literal> や不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> スイーツを使うのにはあなたはきっと準備不足です。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5334 msgid "<ulink url=\"&enlightenment;\">Enlightenment</ulink> with the following saves a person from the eternal <ulink url=\"&karmic;\">karmic</ulink> struggle of upgrade <ulink url=\"&hell;\">hell</ulink> and let him reach Debian <ulink url=\"&nirvana;\">nirvana</ulink>." msgstr "以下に記すことにより<ulink url=\"&enlightenment;\">悟り</ulink>を開けば、アップグレード<ulink url=\"&hell;\">地獄</ulink>という果てしない<ulink url=\"&karmic;\">因果応報</ulink>の葛藤から人は解脱し、Debian の<ulink url=\"&nirvana;\">涅槃</ulink>の境地に到達できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5337 msgid "Debian archive basics" msgstr "Debian アーカイブの基本" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5338 msgid "Let's look into <ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">the Debian archive</ulink> from a system user's perspective." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">Debian アーカイブ</ulink>をシステムユーザーの視点から見てみます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5340 msgid "Official policy of the Debian archive is defined at <ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanuthedebianarchive;\">Debian Policy Manual, Chapter 2 - The Debian Archive</ulink>." msgstr "Debian アーカイブの正式のポリシーは <ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanuthedebianarchive;\">Debian ポリシーマニュアル、第2章 - Debian アーカイブ</ulink>に規定されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5342 msgid "For the typical HTTP access, the archive is specified in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" file as the following, e.g. for the current <literal>stable</literal> = <literal>&codename-stable;</literal> system." msgstr "典型的な HTTP アクセスの場合、現在の安定版 <literal>stable</literal>=<literal>&codename-stable;</literal> システムを例にとると、次の様に \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" ファイルの中にアーカイブは規定されています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5343 #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "deb-src http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "\n" "deb http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib\n" "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib" msgstr "" "deb http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "deb-src http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "\n" "deb http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib\n" "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5348 msgid "Please note \"<literal>ftp.XX.debian.org</literal>\" must be replaced with appropriate mirror site URL for your location, for USA \"<literal>ftp.us.debian.org</literal>\", which can be found in <ulink url=\"&thelistofdebianwdwidemirrorsites;\">the list of Debian worldwide mirror sites</ulink>. The status of these servers can be checked at <ulink url=\"&debianmirrorcheckersite;\">Debian Mirror Checker site</ulink>." msgstr "\"<literal>ftp.XX.debian.org</literal>\" はあなたの所在場所に合う、<ulink url=\"&thelistofdebianwdwidemirrorsites;\">Debian の全世界ミラーサイトリスト</ulink>中に見つかるミラーサイトの URL、例えば日本なら \"<literal>ftp.jp.debian.org</literal>\"、に置き換えなければいけません。これらのサーバーの状況は <ulink url=\"&debianmirrorcheckersite;\">Debian ミラー確認サイト</ulink>で確認できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5349 msgid "Here, I tend to use codename \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" instead of suite name \"<literal>stable</literal>\" to avoid surprises when the next <literal>stable</literal> is released." msgstr "上記で、次の安定版 <literal>stable</literal> がリリースされて驚かされ無いように、私はスイート名の \"<literal>stable</literal>\" でなくコード名の \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" を使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5350 msgid "The meaning of \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" is described in <literal>sources.list</literal>(5) and key points are followings." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" の意味は <literal>sources.list</literal>(5) に記載されていて、要点は以下です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5354 msgid "The \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line defines for the binary packages." msgstr "\"<literal>deb</literal>\" 行がバイナリーパッケージのための定義です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5359 msgid "The \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" line defines for the source packages." msgstr "\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" 行がソースパッケージのための定義です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5364 msgid "The 1st argument is the root URL of the Debian archive." msgstr "一番目の引数は、Debian アーカイブの root URL です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5369 msgid "The 2nd argument is the distribution name: either the suite name or the codename." msgstr "二番目の引数は、スイーツ名かコード名のどちらかで与えられるディストリビューション名です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5374 msgid "The 3rd and following arguments are the list of valid archive area names of the Debian archive." msgstr "三番目次の引数は、Debian アーカイブの中の有効なアーカイブのエリア名のリストです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5378 msgid "The \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" lines can safely be omitted (or commented out by placing \"#\" at the start of the line) if it is just for <literal>aptitude</literal> which does not access source related meta data. It speeds up the updates of the archive meta data. The URL can be \"<literal>http://</literal>\", \"<literal>ftp://</literal>\", \"<literal>file://</literal>\", …." msgstr "ソース関連のメタデーターにアクセスしない <literal>aptitude</literal> のためだけなら \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" 行は安全に省略 (もしくは \"#\" を行頭に挿入してコメントアウト) することができます。こうするとアーカイブのメタデーターの更新速度が向上します。URL は \"<literal>http://</literal>\" や \"<literal>ftp://</literal>\" や \"<literal>file://</literal>\" 等々の何れも可能です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5380 msgid "If \"<literal>sid</literal>\" is used in the above example instead of \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\", the \"<literal>deb: <ulink url=\"&httpsecuritydebianorg;\">http://security.debian.org/</ulink> …</literal>\" line for security updates in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" is not required. This is because there is no security update archive for \"<literal>sid</literal>\" (<literal>unstable</literal>)." msgstr "もし上記の例で \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" ではなく \"<literal>sid</literal>\" が使われる場合には、セキュリティーアップデートのための \"<literal>deb: http://security.debian.org/ ...</literal>\" 行は不要です。安定版 <literal>stable</literal> とテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> (即ち <literal>&codename-stable;</literal> と <literal>&codename-testing;</literal>) にのみセキュリティーアップデートがあります。 \"<literal>sid</literal>\" (不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal>) のためにはセキュリティーアップデートのアーカイブが存在しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5382 msgid "Here is the list of URL of the Debian archive sites and suite name or codename used in the configuration file." msgstr "次は設定ファイル内に用いられる Debian アーカイブサイトの URL とスイーツ名もしくはコード名です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5384 msgid "List of Debian archive sites" msgstr "Debian アーカイブサイトのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5392 msgid "archive URL" msgstr "アーカイブの URL" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5395 msgid "suite name (codename)" msgstr "スイート名 (コード名)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5398 msgid "purpose" msgstr "目的" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5405 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5415 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5425 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5435 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5446 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpftpxxdebianorgdebian;\">http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpftpxxdebianorgdebian;\">http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5407 msgid "<literal>stable</literal> (<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>stable</literal> (<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5410 msgid "stable (&codename-stable;) release" msgstr "安定版 (&codename-stable;) のリリース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5417 msgid "<literal>testing</literal> (<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>testing</literal> (<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5420 msgid "testing (&codename-testing;) release" msgstr "テスト版 (&codename-testing;) のリリース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5427 msgid "<literal>unstable</literal> (<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>unstable</literal> (<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5430 msgid "unstable (&codename-unstable;) release" msgstr "不安定版 (&codename-unstable;) のリリース" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5438 msgid "<literal>experimental</literal>" msgstr "<literal>experimental</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5441 msgid "experimental pre-release (optional, only for developer)" msgstr "実験的プリリリース (任意、開発者専用)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5449 msgid "<literal>stable-proposed-updates</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stable-proposed-updates</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5452 msgid "Updates for the next stable point release (optional)" msgstr "次回安定版ポイントリリース用のアップデート (任意)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5457 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5468 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpsecuritydebianorg;\">http://security.debian.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpsecuritydebianorg;\">http://security.debian.org/</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5460 msgid "<literal>stable/updates</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stable/updates</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5463 msgid "security updates for stable release (important)" msgstr "安定版用のセキュリティーアップデート (重要)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5471 msgid "<literal>testing/updates</literal>" msgstr "<literal>testing/updates</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5474 msgid "security updates for testing release (important)" msgstr "テスト版用のセキュリティーアップデート (重要)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5479 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5490 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpvolatiledebirgdebianvolatile;\">http://volatile.debian.org/debian-volatile/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpvolatiledebirgdebianvolatile;\">http://volatile.debian.org/debian-volatile/</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5482 msgid "<literal>volatile</literal>" msgstr "<literal>volatile</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5485 msgid "compatible updates for spam filter, IM clients, etc." msgstr "スパムフィルターや IM クライアント他用のコンパチブルなアップデート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5493 msgid "<literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>" msgstr "<literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5496 msgid "non-compatible updates for spam filter, IM clients, etc." msgstr "スパムフィルターや IM クライアント他用のノンコンパチブルなアップデート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5501 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpbackportsdebgdebianbackports;\">http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpbackportsdebgdebianbackports;\">http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5504 msgid "<literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>" msgstr "<literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5507 msgid "newer backported packages for &codename-stable; (official, optional)" msgstr "&codename-stable; のためのバックポートされたパッケージ (正規、任意)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5514 msgid "Only pure <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release with security updates provides the best stability. Running mostly <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release mixed with some packages from <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>testing</literal></emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> release is riskier than running pure <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> release for library version mismatch etc. If you really need the latest version of some programs under <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release, please use packages from <ulink url=\"&thedebianvolatileproject;\">the debian-volatile project</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&httpbackportsdebianorg;\">http://backports.debian.org</ulink> (see <xref linkend=\"_volatile_and_backports\"/>) services. These services must be used with extra care." msgstr "セキュリティーアップデートされた純粋な安定版 <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> リリースのみが最善の安定性を提供します。一部 <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>testing</literal></emphasis> や <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> 由来のパッケージを混用してほとんど <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> リリースを走らせることは、純粋な <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> リリースを走らせるよりリスクがあります。<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> リリースの下で最新バージョンのいくつかのプログラムが本当に必要なら、<ulink url=\"&thedebianvolatileproject;\">debian-volatile プロジェクト</ulink>や <ulink url=\"&backportsdebianorg;\">backports.debian.org</ulink> (<xref linkend=\"_volatile_and_backports\"/>参照) サービスからのパッケージを使って下さい。これらのサービスは細心の注意を持って使う必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5517 msgid "You should basically list only one of <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, or <literal>unstable</literal> suites in the \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line. If you list any combination of <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, and <literal>unstable</literal> suites in the \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line, APT programs slow down while only the latest archive is effective. Multiple listing makes sense for these when the \"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" file is used with clear objectives (see <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)." msgstr "基本的に、<literal>stable</literal> か <literal>testing</literal> か <literal>unstable</literal> のスイーツの内の1つだけを \"<literal>deb</literal>\" 行に書くべきです。もし、<literal>stable</literal> と <literal>testing</literal> と <literal>unstable</literal> のスイーツの何らかの組み合わせを \"<literal>deb</literal>\" 行に書けば、APT プログラムは、最新のアーカイブのみが有効であるにもかかわらず、実行速度が低下します。\"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" ファイルがはっきりとした目的を持って使われている場合 (<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>) のみ複数のリストに意味があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5520 msgid "For the Debian system with the <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> suites, it is a good idea to include lines with \"<literal>http://security.debian.org/</literal>\" in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" to enable security updates as in the example above." msgstr "<literal>stable</literal> や <literal>testing</literal> スイーツの Debian システムでは、上記の例のようにセキュリティーアップデートを有効とするように \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" の中に \"<literal>http://security.debian.org/</literal>\" の行を含めることはいいことです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5523 msgid "The security bugs for the <literal>stable</literal> archive are fixed by the Debian security team. This activity has been quite rigorous and reliable. Those for the <literal>testing</literal> archive may be fixed by the Debian testing security team. For <ulink url=\"&several;\">several</ulink> <ulink url=\"&reasons;\">reasons</ulink>, this activity is not as rigorous as that for <literal>stable</literal> and you may need to wait for the migration of fixed <literal>unstable</literal> packages. Those for the <literal>unstable</literal> archive are fixed by the individual maintainer. Actively maintained <literal>unstable</literal> packages are usually in a fairly good shape by leveraging latest upstream security fixes. See <ulink url=\"&debiansecurityfaq;\">Debian security FAQ</ulink> for how Debian handles security bugs." msgstr "<literal>stable</literal> アーカイブのセキュリティーバグは Debian のセキュリティーチームにより修正されます。本活動は非常に厳格で信頼できるものです。<literal>testing</literal> アーカイブのセキュリティーバグは Debian の testing セキュリティーチームにより修正されます。<ulink url=\"&several;\">諸所の</ulink> <ulink url=\"&reasons;\">事情</ulink>で、本活動は <literal>stable</literal> ほどは厳格ではなく、修正された <literal>unstable</literal> パッケージの移行を待つ必要があるかもしれません。<literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブのセキュリティーバグは個別のメンテナにより修正されます。活発にメンテされている <literal>unstable</literal> パッケージはアップストリームのセキュリティー修正を使うことで通常比較的良い状態です。Debian がセキュリティーバグへ如何に対応するかに関しては <ulink url=\"&debiansecurityfaq;\">Debian security FAQ</ulink> を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5526 msgid "List of Debian archive area" msgstr "Debian アーカイブエリアのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5534 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14114 msgid "area" msgstr "エリア" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5537 msgid "number of packages" msgstr "パッケージ数" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5540 msgid "criteria of package component" msgstr "パッケージ構成要素のクライテリア" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5547 msgid "<literal>main</literal>" msgstr "<literal>main</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5550 msgid "&main-packages;" msgstr "&main-packages;" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5553 msgid "DSFG compliant and no dependency to <literal>non-free</literal>" msgstr "DSFG に完全準拠し、<literal>non-free</literal> のパッケージに非依存 (main = 主要)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5558 msgid "<literal>contrib</literal>" msgstr "<literal>contrib</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5561 msgid "&contrib-packages;" msgstr "&contrib-packages;" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5564 msgid "DSFG compliant but having dependency to <literal>non-free</literal>" msgstr "DSFG に完全準拠だが、<literal>non-free</literal> のパッケージに依存有り (contrib = 寄与)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5569 msgid "<literal>non-free</literal>" msgstr "<literal>non-free</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5572 msgid "&non-free-packages;" msgstr "&non-free-packages;" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5575 msgid "not DSFG compliant" msgstr "非 DSFG 準拠" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5581 msgid "Here the number of packages in the above is for the &arch; architecture. Strictly speaking, only the <literal>main</literal> area archive shall be considered as the Debian system." msgstr "ここで、上記にあるパッケージ数は &arch; アーキテクチャーに関する数字です。厳密に言うなら、<literal>main</literal> エリアのアーカイブのみを Debian システムと考えるべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5582 msgid "The Debian archive organization can be studied best by pointing your browser to the each archive URL appended with <literal>dists</literal> or <literal>pool</literal>." msgstr "Debian アーカイブの構成は、各アーカイブの URL の後ろに <literal>dists</literal> か <literal>pool</literal> をつけた URL にブラウザーを向ければ学習できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5583 msgid "The distribution is referred by two ways, the suite or <ulink url=\"&codename;\">codename</ulink>. The word distribution is alternatively used as the synonym to the suite in many documentations. The relationship between the suite and the codename can be summarized as the following." msgstr "ディストリビューションは、スイーツと<ulink url=\"&codename;\">コード名</ulink>の2つの方法で言及されます。この他にディストリビューションと言う言葉は多くの文書でスイーツの同義語としても使われています。スイーツとコード名の関係は次のようにまとめられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5585 msgid "The relationship between suite and codename" msgstr "スイーツとコード名の関係" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5594 msgid "Timing" msgstr "タイミング" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5597 msgid "suite = <literal>stable</literal>" msgstr "スイーツ = 安定版 <literal>stable</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5600 msgid "suite = <literal>testing</literal>" msgstr "スイーツ = テスト版 <literal>testing</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5603 msgid "suite = <literal>unstable</literal>" msgstr "スイーツ = 不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5610 msgid "after the <literal>&codename-stable;</literal> release" msgstr "<literal>&codename-stable;</literal> リリース後" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5613 msgid "codename = <literal>&codename-stable;</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>&codename-stable;</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5616 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5627 msgid "codename = <literal>&codename-testing;</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>&codename-testing;</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5619 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5633 msgid "codename = <literal>sid</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>sid</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5624 msgid "after the <literal>&codename-testing;</literal> release" msgstr "<literal>&codename-testing;</literal> リリース後" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5630 msgid "codename = <literal>&codename-nexttesting;</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>&codename-nexttesting;</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5639 msgid "The history of codenames are described in <ulink url=\"&debianfaqgdbwhiceenusedinthepast;\">Debian FAQ: 6.3.1 Which other codenames have been used in the past?</ulink>" msgstr "コード名の歴史は、<ulink url=\"&debianfaqgdbwhiceenusedinthepast;\">Debian FAQ: 6.3.1 Which other codenames have been used in the past?</ulink> に記載されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5640 msgid "In the stricter Debian archive terminology, the word \"section\" is specifically used for the categorization of packages by the application area. (Although, the word \"main section\" may sometimes be used to describe the Debian archive area named as \"main\".)" msgstr "比較的厳格な Debian アーカイブの用語法では、\"セクション\" という言葉はアプリケーションの分野によるパッケージ分類に特化して使われます。(しかし、\"main セクション\" という言葉は main エリアを提供する Debian アーカイブ部分を表現するのにしばしば使われています。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5641 msgid "Every time a new upload is done by the Debian developer (DD) to the <literal>unstable</literal> archive (via <ulink url=\"&incoming;\">incoming</ulink> processing), DD is required to ensure uploaded packages to be compatible with the latest set of packages in the latest <literal>unstable</literal> archive." msgstr "Debian デベロッパー (DD) が不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブに新たなアップロードを (<ulink url=\"&incoming;\">incoming</ulink> での処理を経由して) する度毎に、アップロードするパッケージが最新の不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブの最新のパッケージ集合とコンパチブルであるようにする義務が DD にはあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5642 msgid "If DD breaks this compatibility intentionally for important library upgrade etc, there is usually announcement to <ulink url=\"&thedebiandevelmailinglist;\">the debian-devel mailing list</ulink> etc." msgstr "重要なライブラリーのアップグレード他の理由で DD がこのコンパチビリティーを壊す際には、<ulink url=\"&thedebiandevelmailinglist;\">debian-devel のメーリングリスト</ulink>他に通常アナウンスがされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5643 msgid "Before a set of packages are moved by the Debian archive maintenance script from the <literal>unstable</literal> archive to the <literal>testing</literal> archive, the archive maintenance script not only checks the maturity (about 10 days old) and the status of the RC bug reports for the packages but also tries to ensure them to be compatible with the latest set of packages in the <literal>testing</literal> archive. This process makes the <literal>testing</literal> archive very current and usable." msgstr "Debian のアーカイブ管理スクリプトによって非安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブからテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブへパッケージ集合が移動される前に、アーカイブ管理スクリプトはパッケージの成熟度 (約10日経過) と RC バグレポート状況を確認するばかりでなく、テスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブの最新パッケージ集合とのコンパチブルであるようにするように努めます。このプロセスがあるので、テスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブは非常に新しくかつ使いやすいのです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5644 msgid "Through the gradual archive freeze process led by the release team, the <literal>testing</literal> archive is matured to make it completely consistent and bug free with some manual interventions. Then the new <literal>stable</literal> release is created by assigning the codename for the old <literal>testing</literal> archive to the new <literal>stable</literal> archive and creating the new codename for the new <literal>testing</literal> archive. The initial contents of the new <literal>testing</literal> archive is exactly the same as that of the newly released <literal>stable</literal> archive." msgstr "リリースチームによる徐々のアーカイブ凍結過程を通じて、少々の手動の介入を伴いつつテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブは完全に整合性をもったバグの無い状態へと徐々に熟成されます。そして、古いテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブのコード名を新たな安定版 <literal>stable</literal> アーカイブへと割り当て、新たなコード名を新たなテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブへと割り当てることで、新たな安定版 <literal>stable</literal> がリリースされます。新たなテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブの当初の内容は、新たにリリースされた安定版 <literal>stable</literal> アーカイブとまったく同じです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5645 msgid "Both the <literal>unstable</literal> and the <literal>testing</literal> archives may suffer temporary glitches due to several factors." msgstr "不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> もテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブもともにいくつかの要因で一時的に細かな問題発生があるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5649 msgid "Broken package upload to the archive (mostly for <literal>unstable</literal>)" msgstr "ブロークンなパッケージのアーカイブへのアップロード (主に <literal>unstable</literal> にて)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5654 msgid "Delay of accepting the new packages to the archive (mostly for <literal>unstable</literal>)" msgstr "新規パッケージをアーカイブに受け入れる際の遅延 (主に <literal>unstable</literal> にて)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5659 msgid "Archive synchronization timing issue (both for <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal>)" msgstr "アーカイブの同期のタイミング問題 (<literal>testing</literal> と <literal>unstable</literal> の両方にて)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5664 msgid "Manual intervention to the archive such as package removal (more for <literal>testing</literal>) etc." msgstr "パッケージの除去などのアーカイブへの手動の介入 (どちらかといえば <literal>testing</literal> にて)、等。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5668 msgid "So if you ever decide to use these archives, you should be able to fix or work around these kinds of glitches." msgstr "もしこれらのアーカイブを使おうと考えるなら、この種の細かな問題の修復や回避は必須技能です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5670 msgid "For about few months after a new <literal>stable</literal> release, most desktop users should use the <literal>stable</literal> archive with its security updates even if they usually use <literal>unstable</literal> or <literal>testing</literal> archives. For this transition period, both <literal>unstable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> archives are not good for most people. Your system is difficult to keep in good working condition with the <literal>unstable</literal> archive since it suffers surges of major upgrades for core packages. The <literal>testing</literal> archive is not useful either since it contains mostly the same content as the <literal>stable</literal> archive without its security support (<ulink url=\"&debiantestingsectyannouncecaaibc;\">Debian testing-security-announce 2008-12</ulink>). After a month or so, the <literal>unstable</literal> archive may be usable if you are careful." msgstr "たとえいつも非安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> やテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブを使っていようとも、ほとんどのデスクトップユーザーは新たな安定版 <literal>stable</literal> リリースの後約数ヶ月はセキュリティーアップデートされた安定版 <literal>stable</literal> アーカイブを使うべきです。この移行期は、非安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> もテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブの何れももほとんどの人に良いものではありません。非安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブを使おうとすると、核となるパッケージが大アップグレードの嵐に見舞われるので、あなたのシステムをうまく使える状態に保つのは困難です。テスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブを使おうとしても、安定版 <literal>stable</literal> アーカイブとほとんど同じ内容でセキュリティーサポートはありません (<ulink url=\"&debiantestingsectyannouncecaaibc;\">Debian testing-security-announce 2008-12</ulink>)。1ヶ月ほど経てば、非安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブなら注意を払えば使えるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5673 msgid "When tracking the <literal>testing</literal> archive, problem caused by a removed package is usually worked around by installing corresponding package from the <literal>unstable</literal> archive which is uploaded for bug fix." msgstr "テスト版 <literal>testing</literal> アーカイブを追跡している際には、除去されたパッケージによって引き起こされる問題は該当するバグ修正のためにアップロードされたパッケージを非安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> アーカイブからインストールすれば通常回避できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5675 msgid "See <ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanual;\">Debian Policy Manual</ulink> for archive definitions." msgstr "アーカイブの定義は、<ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanual;\">Debian ポリシーマニュアル</ulink>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5679 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"§ions;\">Sections</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"§ions;\">セクション</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5684 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&priorities;\">Priorities</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"&priorities;\">優先度 (priorities)</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5689 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&basesystem;\">Base system</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"&basesystem;\">ベースシステム</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5694 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&essentialpackages;\">Essential packages</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"&essentialpackages;\">必須パッケージ</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5700 msgid "Package dependencies" msgstr "パッケージ依存関係" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5701 msgid "The Debian system offers a consistent set of binary packages through its versioned binary dependency declaration mechanism in the control file fields. Here is a bit over simplified definition for them." msgstr "Debian システムはコントロールファイル中のバージョン情報付きのバイナリー依存関係宣言を通して整合性のあるバイナリーパッケージの集合を提供します。ここにその少々簡素化し過ぎの定義を示します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5705 msgid "\"Depends\"" msgstr "\"Depends\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5710 msgid "This declares an absolute dependency and all of the packages listed in this field must be installed at the same time or in advance." msgstr "これは絶対依存を宣言し、このフィールドにリストされた全てのパッケージは同時または事前にインストールされていなければいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5717 msgid "\"Pre-Depends\"" msgstr "\"Pre-Depends\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5722 msgid "This is like Depends, except that it requires completed installation of the listed packages in advance." msgstr "これは、リストされたパッケージが事前にインストールを完了している必要がある以外は、Depends と同様です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5729 msgid "\"Recommends\"" msgstr "\"Recommends\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5734 msgid "This declares a strong, but not absolute, dependency. Most users would not want the package unless all of the packages listed in this field are installed." msgstr "これは強いが絶対でない依存を宣言します。多くのユーザーはこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージ全てがインストールされていなければ、当該パッケージを望まないでしょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5741 msgid "\"Suggests\"" msgstr "\"Suggests\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5746 msgid "This declares a weak dependency. Many users of this package may benefit from installing packages listed in this field but can have reasonable functions without them." msgstr "これは弱い依存を宣言します。このパッケージの多くのユーザーはこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージをインストールすればメリットを享受できるとは言え、それら抜きでも十分な機能が得られます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5753 msgid "\"Enhances\"" msgstr "\"Enhances\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5758 msgid "This declares a week dependency like Suggests but works in the opposite direction." msgstr "これは Suggests 同様の弱い依存を宣言しますが、依存作用の方向が逆です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5765 msgid "\"Breaks\"" msgstr "\"Breaks\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5770 msgid "This declares a package incompatibility usually with some version specification. Generally the resolution is to upgrade all of the packages listed in this field." msgstr "これは通常バージョン制約付きでパッケージのインコンパチビリティーを宣言します。一般的にこのフィールドにリストされた全てのパッケージをアップグレードすることで解決します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5777 msgid "\"Conflicts\"" msgstr "\"Conflicts\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5782 msgid "This declares an absolute incompatibility. All of the packages listed in this field must be removed to install this package." msgstr "これは絶対的排他関係を宣言します。このフィールドにリストされた全てのパッケージを除去しない限り当該パッケージをインストールできません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5789 msgid "\"Replaces\"" msgstr "\"Replaces\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5794 msgid "This is declared when files installed by this package replace files in the listed packages." msgstr "当該パッケージによりインストールされるファイルがこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージのファイルを置き換える際にこれを宣言します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5801 msgid "\"Provides\"" msgstr "\"Provides\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5806 msgid "This is declared when this package provide all of the files and functionality in the listed packages." msgstr "当該パッケージがこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージのファイルと機能の全てを提供する際にこれを宣言します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5813 msgid "Please note that defining, \"Provides\", \"Conflicts\" and \"Replaces\" simultaneously to an virtual package is the sane configuration. This ensures that only one real package providing this virtual package can be installed at any one time." msgstr "正常な設定として \"Provides\" と \"Conflicts\" と \"Replaces\" とを単一バーチャルパッケージに対し同時宣言することがあります。こうするといかなる時にも当該バーチャルパッケージを提供する実パッケージのうち確実に一つだけがインストールされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5815 msgid "The official definition including source dependency can be found in <ulink url=\"&thepolicymanualcsbetweenpackages;\">the Policy Manual: Chapter 7 - Declaring relationships between packages</ulink>." msgstr "ソースの依存関係をも含む正式の定義は <ulink url=\"&thepolicymanualcsbetweenpackages;\">the Policy Manual: Chapter 7 - Declaring relationships between packages</ulink> にあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5818 msgid "The event flow of the package management" msgstr "パッケージ管理のイベントの流れ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5819 msgid "Here is a summary of the simplified event flow of the package management by APT." msgstr "パッケージ管理の簡略化されたイベントの流れをまとめると次のようになります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5822 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Update</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">更新</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\" か \"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5827 msgid "Fetch archive metadata from remote archive" msgstr "アーカイブメタデーターをリモートアーカイブから取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5832 msgid "Reconstruct and update local metadata for use by APT" msgstr "APT が使えるようローカルメタデーターの再構築と更新" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5838 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Upgrade</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" and \"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\", or \"<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>\" and \"<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">アップグレード</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" と \"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\" か、\"<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>\" と \"<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5843 msgid "Chose candidate version which is usually the latest available version for all installed packages (see <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/> for exception)" msgstr "全てのインストール済みパッケージに関して、通常最新バージョンが選ばれる<emphasis role=\"strong\">候補バージョン</emphasis>を選択 (例外については<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>参照)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5848 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5889 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5930 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5961 msgid "Make package dependency resolution" msgstr "パッケージ依存関係解決の実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5853 msgid "Fetch selected binary packages from remote archive if candidate version is different from installed version" msgstr "もし候補バージョンがインストール済みバージョンと異なる際には、選ばれたバイナリーパッケージをリモートアーカイブから取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5858 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5899 msgid "Unpack fetched binary packages" msgstr "取得バイナリーパッケージの開梱" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5863 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5904 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">preinst</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">preinst</emphasis> スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5868 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5909 msgid "Install binary files" msgstr "バイナリーファイルのインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5873 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5914 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">postinst</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">postinst</emphasis> スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5879 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Install</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude install …</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get install …</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">インストール</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude install ...</literal>\" か \"<literal>apt-get install ...</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5884 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5925 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5956 msgid "Chose packages listed on the command line" msgstr "コマンドラインにリストされたパッケージの選択" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5894 msgid "Fetch selected binary packages from remote archive" msgstr "選ばれたバイナリーパッケージをリモートアーカイブから取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5920 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Remove</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude remove …</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get remove …</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">削除</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude remove ...</literal>\" か \"<literal>apt-get remove ...</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5935 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5966 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">prerm</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">prerm</emphasis> スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5940 msgid "Remove installed files <emphasis role=\"strong\">except</emphasis> configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイル<emphasis role=\"strong\">以外の</emphasis>インストール済みファイルの削除" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5945 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5976 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">postrm</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">postrm</emphasis> スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5951 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Purge</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude purge …</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get purge …</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全削除</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude purge ...</literal>\" か \"<literal>apt-get purge ...</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5971 msgid "Remove installed files <emphasis role=\"strong\">including</emphasis> configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイル<emphasis role=\"strong\">を含めた</emphasis>インストール済みファイルの削除" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5982 msgid "Here, I intentionally skipped technical details for the sake of big picture." msgstr "上記では全体像の理解のためにわざと技術詳細を端折っています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5985 msgid "First response to package management troubles" msgstr "パッケージ管理のトラブルへの応急対処法" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5986 msgid "You should read the fine official documentation. The first document to read is the Debian specific \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/README.Debian</literal>\". Other documentation in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/</literal>\" should be consulted too. If you set shell as <xref linkend=\"_customizing_bash\"/>, type the following." msgstr "内容が正確な正式文書を読むように心がけるべきです。まず Debian に特定のことが記載された \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/README.Debian</literal>\" を最初に読むべきです。また \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/</literal>\" の中にある他の文書も参照すべきです。<xref linkend=\"_customizing_bash\"/>に書かれたようなシェル設定がされていれば、次のようにタイプして下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5987 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ cd <package_name>\n" "$ pager README.Debian\n" "$ mc" msgstr "" "$ cd <package_name>\n" "$ pager README.Debian\n" "$ mc" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5990 msgid "You may need to install the corresponding documentation package named with \"<literal>-doc</literal>\" suffix for detailed information." msgstr "さらに詳しい情報を得るには \"<literal>-doc</literal>\" というサフィクスを持った対応する文書パッケージをインストールする必要があるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5991 msgid "If you are experiencing problems with a specific package, make sure to check out <ulink url=\"&thedebianbugtrackingsystembts;\">the Debian bug tracking system (BTS)</ulink> sites, first." msgstr "特定パッケージに関する問題に出会った際には、<ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian バグトラッキングシステム (BTS)</ulink> サイトを必ず確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5993 msgid "List of key web site to resolving problems with a specific package" msgstr "特定パッケージの問題解決のためのキーとなるウェッブサイトのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6000 msgid "web site" msgstr "ウェッブサイト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6010 msgid "Home page of <ulink url=\"&thedebianbugtrackingsystembts;\">the Debian bug tracking system (BTS)</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian バグトラッキングシステム (BTS)</ulink> のホームページ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6013 msgid "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/\"</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6018 msgid "The bug report of a known package name" msgstr "既知のパッケージに関するバグレポート" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6021 msgid "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name>\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name>\"</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6026 msgid "The bug report of known bug number" msgstr "既知のバグ番号に関するバグレポート" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6029 msgid "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<bug_number>\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<bug_number>\"</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6035 msgid "Search <ulink url=\"&google;\">Google</ulink> with search words including \"<literal>site:debian.org</literal>\", \"<literal>site:wiki.debian.org</literal>\", \"<literal>site:lists.debian.org</literal>\", etc." msgstr "\"<literal>site:debian.org</literal>\" や \"<literal>site:wiki.debian.org</literal>\" や \"<literal>site:lists.debian.org</literal>\" 等を含む検索語で <ulink url=\"&google;\">Google</ulink> を検索します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6036 msgid "When you file a bug report, please use <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) command." msgstr "バグ報告をする際には、<literal>reportbug</literal>(1) コマンドを使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6040 msgid "Basic package management operations" msgstr "基本的パッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6041 msgid "Basic package management operations on the Debian system can be performed by any package management tools available on the Debian system. Here, we explain basic package management tools: <literal>apt-get</literal> / <literal>apt-cache</literal> and <literal>aptitude</literal>." msgstr "Debian システム上での基本的なパッケージ管理は Debian システム上にあるどのパッケージ管理ツールを使ってもできます。ここでは、<literal>apt-get</literal> / <literal>apt-cache</literal> や <literal>aptitude</literal> といった基本的なパッケージ管理ツールを説明します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6042 msgid "For the package management operation which involves package installation or updates package metadata, you need to have root privilege." msgstr "パッケージをインストールしたりパッケージのメタデーターを更新するようなパッケージ管理操作には root 権限が必要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6044 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> / <literal>apt-cache</literal> vs. <literal>aptitude</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> と <literal>aptitude</literal> の比較" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6045 msgid "The <literal>apt-get</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> commands are the most <emphasis role=\"strong\">basic</emphasis> package management tool." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal> や <literal>apt-cache</literal> コマンドは最も<emphasis role=\"strong\">基本的な</emphasis>パッケージ管理ツールです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6048 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> offer only the commandline user interface." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> はコマンドラインのユーザーインターフェースのみを提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6052 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> is most suitable for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">major system upgrade</emphasis> between releases, etc." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal> はリリース間のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">大掛かりなシステムアップグレード</emphasis>に最適です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6056 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> offers a <emphasis role=\"strong\">robust and stable</emphasis> package resolver which uses the common package state data." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal> は共通のパッケージ状態データーを使う<emphasis role=\"strong\">頑強で安定な</emphasis>パッケージリゾルバーを提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6060 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> has been updated to support autoinstall and autoremove of recommended packages." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal> は推薦パッケージの自動インストールと自動削除をサポートするように更新されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6064 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> has been updated to support logging of package activities." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal> はパッケージ活動のログをサポートするように更新されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6068 msgid "<literal>apt-cache</literal> offers a <emphasis role=\"strong\">standard</emphasis> regex based search on the package name and description." msgstr "<literal>apt-cache</literal> はパッケージ名や説明に関して<emphasis role=\"strong\">標準</emphasis>の regex を使った検索機能を提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6072 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> can manage multiple versions of packages using <literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal> but it is quite cumbersome." msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal> と <literal>apt-cache</literal> は <literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal> を使って複数のバージョンのパッケージを管理できますが、それはとても面倒です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6076 msgid "The <literal>aptitude</literal> command is the most <emphasis role=\"strong\">versatile</emphasis> package management tool." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> コマンドは最も<emphasis role=\"strong\">多芸</emphasis>なパッケージ管理ツールです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6079 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> offers the fullscreen interactive text user interface." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> はフルスクリーンのインタラクティブなテキストユーザーインターフェースを提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6083 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> offers the commandline user interface, too." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> はコマンドラインのユーザーインターフェースも提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6087 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> is most suitable for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">daily interactive package management</emphasis> such as inspecting installed packages and searching available packages." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> はインストールされたパッケージを検査したり入手可能なパッケージを探索したりするような<emphasis role=\"strong\">日常のインタラクティブなパッケージ管理</emphasis>に最適です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6091 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> offers an <emphasis role=\"strong\">enhanced</emphasis> package resolver which also uses an extra package state data used only by <literal>aptitude</literal>." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> は <literal>aptitude</literal> のみにより使われる追加のパッケージ状態データーもまた使う<emphasis role=\"strong\">拡張</emphasis>パッケージリゾルバーを提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6095 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> supports autoinstall and autoremove of recommended packages." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> は推薦パッケージの自動インストールや自動削除をサポートします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6099 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> supports logging of package activities." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> はパッケージ活動のログをサポートします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6103 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> offers an <emphasis role=\"strong\">enhanced</emphasis> regex based search on all of the package metadata." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> はパッケージメタデータ全てに関する<emphasis role=\"strong\">拡張</emphasis>されたregex を使った探索を提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6107 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> can manage multiple versions of packages without using <literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal> and it is quite intuitive." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> は <literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal> を使わずに複数のバージョンのパッケージを管理できますし、それは非常に直感的です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6112 msgid "Although the <literal>aptitude</literal> command comes with rich features such as its enhanced package resolver, this complexity has caused (or may still causes) some regressions such as <ulink url=\"&bugebbbcd;\">Bug #411123</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&bugfbejda;\">Bug #514930</ulink>, and <ulink url=\"&bugfhadhh;\">Bug #570377</ulink>. In case of doubt, please use the <literal>apt-get</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> commands over the <literal>aptitude</literal> command." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> コマンドはその拡張されたパッケージリゾルバーのような豊富なフィーチャーとともに提供されますが、この複雑さは <ulink url=\"&bugebbbcd;\">Bug #411123</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&bugfbejda;\">Bug #514930</ulink> や <ulink url=\"&bugfhadhh;\">Bug #570377</ulink> のようないくつかのリグレッションを引き起こしました (また起こしているかもしれません)。疑いのある場合には、<literal>aptitude</literal> コマンドに代えて <literal>apt-get</literal> や <literal>apt-cache</literal> コマンドを使ってください。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6116 msgid "Basic package management operations with the commandline" msgstr "コマンドラインによる基本的なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6117 msgid "Here are basic package management operations with the commandline using <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8)." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) や <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8) を使うコマンドラインによるパッケージ管理操作を次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6119 msgid "Basic package management operations with the commandline using <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8)" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) や <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8) を使うコマンドラインによる基本パッケージ管理操作" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6126 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> syntax" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> シンタックス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6128 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> syntax" msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> シンタックス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6138 msgid "<literal>aptitude update</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude update</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6141 msgid "<literal>apt-get update</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get update</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6144 msgid "update package archive metadata" msgstr "パッケージアーカイブメタデーター更新" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6149 msgid "<literal>aptitude install foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude install foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6152 msgid "<literal>apt-get install foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get install foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6155 msgid "install candidate version of \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package with its dependencies" msgstr "\"<literal>foo</literal>\" パッケージの候補バージョンをその依存関係とともにインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6160 msgid "<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6163 msgid "<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6166 msgid "install candidate version of installed packages without removing any other packages" msgstr "他のパッケージを削除すること無くインストール済みパッケージの候補バージョンをインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6171 msgid "<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6174 msgid "<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade <package></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade <パッケージ></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6177 msgid "install candidate version of installed packages while removing other packages if needed" msgstr "必要なら他のパッケージを削除しながらインストール済みパッケージの候補バージョンをインストール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6182 msgid "<literal>aptitude remove foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude remove foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6185 msgid "<literal>apt-get remove foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get remove foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6188 msgid "remove \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package while leaving its configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイルを残したまま \"<literal>foo</literal>\" パッケージを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6193 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6262 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6273 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14857 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17297 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17300 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17507 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17510 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17513 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17523 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17526 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21632 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21635 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24319 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26148 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26159 msgid "N/A" msgstr "N/A" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6196 msgid "<literal>apt-get autoremove</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get autoremove</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6199 msgid "remove auto-installed packages which is no longer required" msgstr "既に必要なくなっている自動済みパッケージを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6204 msgid "<literal>aptitude purge foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude purge foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6207 msgid "<literal>apt-get purge foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get purge foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6210 msgid "purge \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package with its configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイルを含めて \"<literal>foo</literal>\" パッケージを完全削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6215 msgid "<literal>aptitude clean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude clean</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6218 msgid "<literal>apt-get clean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get clean</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6221 msgid "clear out the local repository of retrieved package files completely" msgstr "収集されローカルに貯蔵されたパッケージファイルを完全消去" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6226 msgid "<literal>aptitude autoclean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude autoclean</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6229 msgid "<literal>apt-get autoclean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get autoclean</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6232 msgid "clear out the local repository of retrieved package files for outdated packages" msgstr "収集されローカルに貯蔵されたパッケージファイルのうち古くなったパッケージを消去" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6237 msgid "<literal>aptitude show foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude show foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6240 msgid "<literal>apt-cache show <package></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache show <パッケージ></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6243 msgid "display detailed information about \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package" msgstr "\"<literal>foo</literal>\"パッケージに関する詳細情報を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6248 msgid "<literal>aptitude search <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude search <regex></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6251 msgid "<literal>apt-cache search <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache search <regex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6254 msgid "search packages which match <regex>" msgstr "<regex> とマッチするパッケージを検索" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6259 msgid "<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6265 msgid "explain the reason why <regex> matching packages should be installed" msgstr "なぜ <regex> とマッチするパッケージがインストールされるのかを説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6270 msgid "<literal>aptitude why-not <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude why-not <regex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6276 msgid "explain the reason why <regex> matching packages can not be installed" msgstr "なぜ <regex> とマッチするパッケージがインストールされないのかを説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6283 msgid "Since <literal>apt-get</literal> and <literal>aptitude</literal> share auto-installed package status (see <xref linkend=\"_the_package_state_for_apt\"/>) after <literal>lenny</literal>, you can mix these tools without major troubles (see <ulink url=\"&bugfjeeja;\">Bug #594490</ulink>)." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal> 以降、<literal>apt-get</literal> と <literal>aptitude</literal> は自動インストールされたパッケージ状態を共有しているので (<xref linkend=\"_the_package_state_for_apt\"/>参照)、これらのツールを特段の問題なく混用できます (<ulink url=\"&bugfjeeja;\">Bug #594490</ulink> 参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6285 msgid "The difference between \"<literal>safe-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>upgrade</literal>\" and \"<literal>full-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>\" only appears when new versions of packages stand in different dependency relationships from old versions of those packages. The \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" command does not install new packages nor remove installed packages." msgstr "\"<literal>safe-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>upgrade</literal>\" と \"<literal>full-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>\" の違いは新しいバージョンのパッケージが該当する古いバージョンと異なった依存関係がある場合にのみ起こります。\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" コマンドは新規のパッケージをインストールも削除もしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6286 msgid "The \"<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>\" can list more information by \"<literal>aptitude -v why <regex></literal>\". Similar information can be obtained by \"<literal>apt-cache rdepends <package></literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>\" は \"<literal>aptitude -v why <regex></literal>\" とすることでさらに詳しい情報を表示します。同様の情報は \"<literal>apt-cache rdepends <package></literal>\" とすることでも得られます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6287 msgid "When <literal>aptitude</literal> command is started in the commandline mode and faces some issues such as package conflicts, you can switch to the full screen interactive mode by pressing \"<literal>e</literal>\"-key later at the prompt." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> コマンドが最初コマンドラインモードで実行されパッケージ間のコンフリクトのような問題に直面した場合は、プロンプトがでた際に \"<literal>e</literal>\" を押すことでフルスクリーンのインタラクティブモードに切り替えられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6288 msgid "You may provide command options right after \"<literal>aptitude</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude</literal>\" のすぐ後ろにコマンドオプションをつけられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6290 msgid "Notable command options for <literal>aptitude</literal>(8)" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) に関する特記すべきコマンドオプション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6297 msgid "command option" msgstr "コマンドオプション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6307 msgid "<literal>-s</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-s</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6310 msgid "simulate the result of the command" msgstr "コマンド結果のシミュレート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6315 msgid "<literal>-d</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-d</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6318 msgid "download only but no install/upgrade" msgstr "インストール / アップグレード無しにダウンロードのみする" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6323 msgid "<literal>-D</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-D</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6326 msgid "show brief explanations before the automatic installations and removals" msgstr "自動的なインストールや削除の前に簡単な説明を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6332 msgid "See <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and \"aptitude user's manual\" at \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\" for more." msgstr "詳細は <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) や \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\" にある \"aptitude user's manual\" を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6334 msgid "The <literal>dselect</literal> package is still available and was the preferred full screen interactive package management tool in previous releases." msgstr "現在でも存続している <literal>dselect</literal> パッケージは、過去のリリースでは推薦されたフルスクリーンのインタラクティブなパッケージ管理ツールでした。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6338 msgid "Interactive use of aptitude" msgstr "aptitude のインタラクティブな使用" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6339 msgid "For the interactive package management, you start <literal>aptitude</literal> in interactive mode from the console shell prompt as follows." msgstr "インタラクティブなパッケージ管理のためには <literal>aptitude</literal> をインタラクティブモードでコンソールのシェルプロンプトから次のように立ち上げます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6340 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ sudo aptitude -u\n" "Password:" msgstr "" "$ sudo aptitude -u\n" "Password:" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6342 msgid "This updates the local copy of the archive information and display the package list in the full screen with menu. Aptitude places its configuration at \"<literal>~/.aptitude/config</literal>\"." msgstr "これによりアーカイブ情報のローカルコピーは更新され、フルスクリーンのパッケージリストがメニュー付きで表示されます。Aptitude の設定ファイルは \"<literal>~/.aptitude/config</literal>\" にあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6344 msgid "If you want to use root's configuration instead of user's one, use \"<literal>sudo -H aptitude …</literal>\" instead of \"<literal>sudo aptitude …</literal>\" in the above expression." msgstr "user の設定ファイルでなく root の設定ファイルを使いたい際には、上記の例で \"<literal>sudo aptitude ...</literal>\" の代わりに \"<literal>sudo -H aptitude ...</literal>\" を使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6347 msgid "<literal>Aptitude</literal> automatically sets <emphasis role=\"strong\">pending actions</emphasis> as it is started interactively. If you do not like it, you can reset it from menu: \"Action\" → \"Cancel pending actions\"." msgstr "<literal>Aptitude</literal> はインタラクティブに起動されると<emphasis role=\"strong\">次にするアクション</emphasis>を自動的に設定します。その設定が好ましくない場合はメニュー:\"Action\" → \"Cancel pending actions\" からリセットすることができます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6351 msgid "Key bindings of aptitude" msgstr "aptitude のキーバインディング" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6352 msgid "Notable key strokes to browse status of packages and to set \"planned action\" on them in this full screen mode are the following." msgstr "パッケージの状態を閲覧し、\"予定のアクション\" の設定をこのフルスクリーンモードで各パッケージするための重要なキーを次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6354 msgid "List of key bindings for aptitude" msgstr "aptitude のキーバインディングのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6370 msgid "<literal>F10</literal> or <literal>Ctrl-t</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F10</literal> もしくくは <literal>Ctrl-t</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6373 msgid "menu" msgstr "メニュー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6381 msgid "display <emphasis role=\"strong\">help</emphasis> for keystroke (more complete listing)" msgstr "(より詳細な) キーの意味の<emphasis role=\"strong\">ヘルプ</emphasis>の表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6385 msgid "<literal>F10</literal> → Help → User's Manual" msgstr "<literal>F10</literal> → ヘルプ → ユーザーマニュアル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6388 msgid "display User's Manual" msgstr "ユーザーマニュアルの表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6393 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20636 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24587 msgid "<literal>u</literal>" msgstr "<literal>u</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6396 msgid "update package archive information" msgstr "パッケージアーカイブ情報の更新" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6401 msgid "<literal>+</literal>" msgstr "<literal>+</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6404 msgid "mark the package for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">upgrade</emphasis> or the <emphasis role=\"strong\">install</emphasis>" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">アップグレード</emphasis>または<emphasis role=\"strong\">インストール</emphasis>するとマーク" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6412 msgid "mark the package for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">remove</emphasis> (keep configuration files)" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">削除</emphasis>するとマーク (設定ファイルは温存)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6417 msgid "<literal>_</literal>" msgstr "<literal>_</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6420 msgid "mark the package for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">purge</emphasis> (remove configuration files)" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全削除</emphasis>するとマーク (設定ファイルも削除)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6425 msgid "<literal>=</literal>" msgstr "<literal>=</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6428 msgid "place the package on <emphasis role=\"strong\">hold</emphasis>" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">ホールド</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6433 msgid "<literal>U</literal>" msgstr "<literal>U</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6436 msgid "mark all upgradable packages (function as <emphasis role=\"strong\">full-upgrade</emphasis>)" msgstr "全てのアップグレード可能なパッケージをマーク (<emphasis role=\"strong\">full-upgrade</emphasis> として機能)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6441 msgid "<literal>g</literal>" msgstr "<literal>g</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6444 msgid "start <emphasis role=\"strong\">downloading</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">installing</emphasis> selected packages" msgstr "選ばれたパッケージの<emphasis role=\"strong\">ダウンロード</emphasis>と<emphasis role=\"strong\">インストール</emphasis>をスタート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6449 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20275 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24555 msgid "<literal>q</literal>" msgstr "<literal>q</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6452 msgid "quit current screen and save changes" msgstr "現在のスクリーンを終了し変更を保存" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6457 msgid "<literal>x</literal>" msgstr "<literal>x</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6460 msgid "quit current screen and discard changes" msgstr "現在のスクリーンを終了し変更を廃棄" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6465 msgid "<literal>Enter</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Enter</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6468 msgid "view information about a package" msgstr "パッケージに関する情報閲覧" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6473 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19031 msgid "<literal>C</literal>" msgstr "<literal>C</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6476 msgid "view a package's changelog" msgstr "パッケージの変更履歴を閲覧" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6484 msgid "change the limit for the displayed packages" msgstr "表示されるパッケージの制限を変更" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6492 msgid "search for the first match" msgstr "最初のマッチを検索" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6497 msgid "<literal>\\</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6500 msgid "repeat the last search" msgstr "最終検索の反復" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6506 msgid "The file name specification of the command line and the menu prompt after pressing \"<literal>l</literal>\" and \"<literal>//</literal>\" take the aptitude regex as described below. Aptitude regex can explicitly match a package name using a string started by \"<literal>~n</literal> and followed by the package name." msgstr "コマンドラインのファイル名の規定や、\"<literal>l</literal>\" や \"<literal>/</literal>\" を押した後のメニュープロンプトは次に記す aptitude の regex (正規表現) が使われます。aptitude の regex は \"<literal>~n</literal>\" で始めそれにパッケージ名を続けた文字列を使うことで明示的にパッケージ名とマッチさせられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6508 msgid "You need to press \"<literal>U</literal>\" to get all the installed packages upgraded to the <emphasis role=\"strong\">candidate version</emphasis> in the visual interface. Otherwise only the selected packages and certain packages with versioned dependency to them are upgraded to the <emphasis role=\"strong\">candidate version</emphasis>." msgstr "ビジュアルインターフェースで全てのインストール済みパッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">候補バージョン</emphasis>にアップグレードさせるには \"<literal>U</literal>\" を押さなければいけません。これをしないと選ばれたパッケージとそれにバージョン付きの依存関係のある特定のパッケージのみがアップグレードされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6512 msgid "Package views under aptitude" msgstr "aptitude の下でのパッケージの表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6513 msgid "In the interactive full screen mode of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8), packages in the package list are displayed as the next example." msgstr "インタラクティブなフルスクリーンモードの <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) はパッケージリスト中のパッケージは次の例のように表示されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6514 #, no-wrap msgid "idA libsmbclient -2220kB 3.0.25a-1 3.0.25a-2" msgstr "idA libsmbclient -2220kB 3.0.25a-1 3.0.25a-2" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6515 msgid "Here, this line means from the left as the following." msgstr "上記の行は左から次に記すような意味です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6519 msgid "The \"current state\" flag (the first letter)" msgstr "\"現状\" フラグ (1番目の文字)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6524 msgid "The \"planned action\" flag (the second letter)" msgstr "\"予定のアクション\" フラグ (2番目の文字)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6529 msgid "The \"automatic\" flag (the third letter)" msgstr "\"自動\" フラグ (3番目の文字)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6534 msgid "The Package name" msgstr "パッケージ名" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6539 msgid "The change in disk space usage attributed to \"planned action\"" msgstr "\"予定のアクション\" に帰属されるディスク空間の使用の変化" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6544 msgid "The current version of the package" msgstr "パッケージの現バージョン" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6549 msgid "The candidate version of the package" msgstr "パッケージの候補バージョン" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6554 msgid "The full list of flags are given at the bottom of <emphasis role=\"strong\">Help</emphasis> screen shown by pressing \"<literal>?</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>?</literal>\" を押して表示される<emphasis role=\"strong\">ヘルプ</emphasis>スクリーンの一番下に全フラグのリストがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6556 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">candidate version</emphasis> is chosen according to the current local preferences (see <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) and <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)." msgstr "現在のローカルの環境設定によって<emphasis role=\"strong\">候補バージョン</emphasis>は選ばれます (<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) と<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>を参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6557 msgid "Several types of package views are available under the menu \"<literal>Views</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>表示</literal>\" メニューの下に数種のパッケージ表示があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6559 msgid "List of views for aptitude" msgstr "aptitude の表示のリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6567 msgid "view" msgstr "表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6570 msgid "status" msgstr "状況" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6573 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6651 msgid "description of view" msgstr "ビューの説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6580 msgid "<literal>Package View</literal>" msgstr "<literal>パッケージ画面</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6583 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6594 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6605 msgid "Good" msgstr "良好" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6586 msgid "see <xref linkend=\"standard-package-views\"/> (default)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"standard-package-views\"/>参照 (デフォールト)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6591 msgid "<literal>Audit Recommendations</literal>" msgstr "<literal>推奨を監査</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6597 msgid "list packages which are recommended by some installed packages but not yet installed are listed" msgstr "何らかのインストール済みパッケージによって推薦されているがインストールされていないパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6602 msgid "<literal>Flat Package List</literal>" msgstr "<literal>平坦なパッケージリスト</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6608 msgid "list packages without categorization (for use with regex)" msgstr "パッケージを分類せずにリスト (regex とともに使用)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6613 msgid "<literal>Debtags Browser</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Debtags 表示</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6616 msgid "Very usable" msgstr "十分使える" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6619 msgid "list packages categorized according to their <ulink url=\"&debtags;\">debtags</ulink> entries" msgstr "パッケージの <ulink url=\"&debtags;\">debtags</ulink> のエントリーにより分類したパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6624 msgid "<literal>Categorical Browser</literal>" msgstr "<literal>カテゴリー別表示</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6627 msgid "Deprecated" msgstr "非推奨" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6630 msgid "list packages categorized according to their category (use <literal>Debtags Browser</literal>, instead)" msgstr "パッケージのカテゴリー別に分類してパッケージをリスト (これに代えて <literal>Debtags 表示</literal>を利用しましょう)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6637 msgid "Please help us <ulink url=\"&improvingtaggingkageswithdebtags;\">improving tagging packages with debtags!</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&improvingtaggingkageswithdebtags;\">パッケージの debtags によるタグ付け状況を改善する</ulink>のにご協力下さい！" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6639 msgid "The standard \"<literal>Package View</literal>\" categorizes packages somewhat like <literal>dselect</literal> with few extra features." msgstr "標準 \"<literal>パッケージ画面</literal>\" はパッケージを <literal>dselect</literal> にいくつかの機能を加えた感じで分類します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6641 msgid "The categorization of standard package views" msgstr "標準パッケージ画面の分類" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6648 msgid "category" msgstr "分類" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6658 msgid "<literal>Upgradable Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>更新可能なパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6661 msgid "list packages organized as <literal>section</literal> → <literal>area</literal> → <literal>package</literal>" msgstr "<literal>section</literal> → <literal>area</literal> → <literal>package</literal> と整理してパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6666 msgid "<literal>New Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>新規パッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6674 msgid "<literal>Installed Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>インストール済みのパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6682 msgid "<literal>Not Installed Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>インストールされていないパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6690 msgid "<literal>Obsolete and Locally Created Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>廃止された、またはローカルで作成されたパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6698 msgid "<literal>Virtual Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>仮想パッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6701 msgid "list packages with the same function" msgstr "同一機能のパッケージをリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6706 msgid "<literal>Tasks</literal>" msgstr "<literal>タスク</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6709 msgid "list packages with different functions generally needed for a task" msgstr "タスクに一般的に必要な機能を持つパッケージのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6716 msgid "<literal>Tasks</literal> view can be used to cherry pick packages for your task." msgstr "<literal>Tasks</literal> ビューはあなたのタスクに使うパッケージをいいとこ取りするのに使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6720 msgid "Search method options with aptitude" msgstr "aptitude を使った探索方法" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6721 msgid "Aptitude offers several options for you to search packages using its regex formula." msgstr "Aptitude はその regex 式機能を通してパッケージを探索する方法をいくつか提供します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6725 msgid "Shell commandline:" msgstr "シェルコマンドライン:" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6730 msgid "\"<literal>aptitude search '<aptitude_regex>'</literal>\" to list installation status, package name and short description of matching packages" msgstr "マッチするパッケージのインストール状態やパッケージ名や短い説明をリストをする、\"<literal>aptitude search '<aptitude_regex>'</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6735 msgid "\"<literal>aptitude show '<package_name>'</literal>\" to list detailed description of the package" msgstr "パッケージの詳細説明のリストをする、\"<literal>aptitude show '<package_name>'</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6742 msgid "Interactive full screen mode:" msgstr "対話型フルスクリーンモード:" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6747 msgid "\"<literal>l</literal>\" to limit package view to matching packages" msgstr "マッチするパッケージにパッケージビューを絞る、\"<literal>l</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6752 msgid "\"<literal>/</literal>\" for search to a matching package" msgstr "マッチするパッケージを探す、\"<literal>/</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6757 msgid "\"<literal>\\</literal>\" for backward search to a matching package" msgstr "マッチするパッケージを逆方向に探す、\"<literal>\\</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6762 msgid "\"<literal>n</literal>\" for find-next" msgstr "次を探す、\"<literal>n</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6767 msgid "\"<literal>N</literal>\" for find-next (backward)" msgstr "次を逆方向に探す、\"<literal>N</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6774 msgid "The string for <package_name> is treated as the exact string match to the package name unless it is started explicitly with \"<literal>~</literal>\" to be the regex formula." msgstr "<package_name> という文字列は、\"<literal>~</literal>\" で始めて regex 式と明示されていない限り、パッケージ名との完全な一致検索として扱います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6778 msgid "The aptitude regex formula" msgstr "aptitude の regex 式" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6779 msgid "The aptitude regex formula is mutt-like extended <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> (see <xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>) and the meanings of the <literal>aptitude</literal> specific special match rule extensions are as follows." msgstr "aptitude の regex 式は mutt 的な拡張 <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> (<xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>参照) で <literal>aptitude</literal> に特定なマッチ規則の拡張は次に示すとおりです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6781 msgid "List of the aptitude regex formula" msgstr "aptitude の regex 式のリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6788 msgid "description of the extended match rule" msgstr "拡張マッチ規則の説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6791 msgid "regex formula" msgstr "regex 式" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6798 msgid "match on package name" msgstr "パッケージ名とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6801 msgid "<literal>~n<regex_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~n<名前のregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6806 msgid "match on description" msgstr "記述とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6809 msgid "<literal>~d<regex_description></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~d<記述のregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6814 msgid "match on task name" msgstr "タスク名とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6817 msgid "<literal>~t<regex_task></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~t<タスクのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6822 msgid "match on debtag" msgstr "debtag とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6825 msgid "<literal>~G<regex_debtag></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~G<debtagのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6830 msgid "match on maintainer" msgstr "メンテナとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6833 msgid "<literal>~m<regex_maintainer></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~m<maintainerのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6838 msgid "match on package section" msgstr "パッケージセクションとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6841 msgid "<literal>~s<regex_section></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~s<セクションのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6846 msgid "match on package version" msgstr "パッケージバージョンとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6849 msgid "<literal>~V<regex_version></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~V<バージョンのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6854 msgid "match archive" msgstr "アーカイブ (archive) とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6856 msgid "<literal>~A{sarge,etch,sid</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~A{sarge,etch,sid</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6861 msgid "match origin" msgstr "オリジン (origin) とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6863 msgid "<literal>~O{debian,…</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~O{debian,…</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6868 msgid "match priority" msgstr "優先度 (priority) とのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6870 msgid "<literal>~p{extra,important,optional,required,standard</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~p{extra,important,optional,required,standard</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6875 msgid "match essential packages" msgstr "必須 (essential) パッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6878 msgid "<literal>~E</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~E</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6883 msgid "match virtual packages" msgstr "仮想パッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6886 msgid "<literal>~v</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~v</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6891 msgid "match new packages" msgstr "新規パッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6894 msgid "<literal>~N</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~N</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6899 msgid "match with pending action" msgstr "次のアクションとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6901 msgid "<literal>~a{install,upgrade,downgrade,remove,purge,hold,keep</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~a{install,upgrade,downgrade,remove,purge,hold,keep</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6906 msgid "match installed packages" msgstr "インストール済みパッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6909 msgid "<literal>~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6914 msgid "match installed packages with <emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-mark (auto installed package)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-マークのついたインストール済みパッケージとマッチ (自動インストール済みパッケージ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6917 msgid "<literal>~M</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~M</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6922 msgid "match installed packages without <emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-mark (administrator selected package)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-マークのついていないインストール済みパッケージとマッチ (管理者が選択したパッケージ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6925 msgid "<literal>~i!~M</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~i!~M</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6930 msgid "match installed and upgradable packages" msgstr "インストール済みかつアップグレード可能なパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6933 msgid "<literal>~U</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~U</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6938 msgid "match removed but not purged packages" msgstr "削除済みだが完全削除されていないパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6941 msgid "<literal>~c</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~c</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6946 msgid "match removed, purged or can-be-removed packages" msgstr "削除済みか完全削除済みか削除可能なパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6949 msgid "<literal>~g</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~g</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6954 msgid "match packages with broken relation" msgstr "パッケージ依存関係が壊れたパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6957 msgid "<literal>~b</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~b</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6962 msgid "match packages with broken depends/predepends/conflict" msgstr "depends/predepends/conflict の依存関係が壊れたパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6965 msgid "<literal>~B<type></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~B<type></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6970 msgid "match packages from which relation <type> is defined to <term> package" msgstr "<term> パッケージに対して <type> の依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6973 msgid "<literal>~D[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~D[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6978 msgid "match packages from which <emphasis role=\"strong\">broken</emphasis> relation <type> is defined to <term> package" msgstr "<term> パッケージに対して <type> の<emphasis role=\"strong\">壊れた</emphasis>依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6981 msgid "<literal>~DB[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~DB[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6986 msgid "match packages to which the <term> package defines relation <type>" msgstr "<term> パッケージに対して <type> の依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6989 msgid "<literal>~R[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~R[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6994 msgid "match packages to which the <term> package defines <emphasis role=\"strong\">broken</emphasis> relation <type>" msgstr "<term> パッケージに対して <type> の<emphasis role=\"strong\">壊れた</emphasis>依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6997 msgid "<literal>~RB[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~RB[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7002 msgid "match packages to which some other installed packages depend on" msgstr "他のインストール済みパッケージが依存するパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7005 msgid "<literal>~R~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~R~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7010 msgid "match packages to which no other installed packages depend on" msgstr "他のインストール済みパッケージが一切依存しないパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7013 msgid "<literal>!~R~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>!~R~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7018 msgid "match packages to which some other installed packages depend or recommend on" msgstr "他のインストール済みパッケージが依存もしくは推薦するパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7021 msgid "<literal>~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7026 msgid "match <term> package with filtered version" msgstr "フィルターされたバージョンの <term> とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7029 msgid "<literal>~S filter <term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~S filter <term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7034 msgid "match all packages (true)" msgstr "常に全てのパッケージにマッチ (真)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7037 msgid "<literal>~T</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~T</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7042 msgid "match no packages (false)" msgstr "どのパッケージにもマッチしない (偽)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7045 msgid "<literal>~F</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~F</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7054 msgid "The regex part is the same <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> as the one used in typical Unix-like text tools using \"<literal>^</literal>\", \"<literal>.*</literal>\", \"<literal>$</literal>\" etc. as in <literal>egrep</literal>(1), <literal>awk</literal>(1) and <literal>perl</literal>(1)." msgstr "regex 部分は、\"<literal>^</literal>\" や \"<literal>.*</literal>\" や \"<literal>$</literal>\" などを使う <literal>egrep</literal>(1) や <literal>awk</literal>(1) や <literal>perl</literal>(1) といった典型的な Unix 的テキストツールで使われる <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> と同様です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7059 msgid "The relation <type> is one of (depends, predepends, recommends, suggests, conflicts, replaces, provides)." msgstr "依存関係を表す <type> は (depends, predepends, recommends, suggests, conflicts, replaces, provides) の内の1つです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7064 msgid "The default relation type is \"depends\"." msgstr "デフォールトの依存関係は \"depends\" です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7069 msgid "When <regex_pattern> is a null string, place \"<literal>~T</literal>\" immediately after the command." msgstr "<regex_pattern> がヌル文字列の場合は \"<literal>~T</literal>\" をコマンドの直後に使って下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7071 msgid "Here are some short cuts." msgstr "次がショートカットです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7075 msgid "\"<literal>~P<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dprovides:<term></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>~P<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dprovides:<term></literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7080 msgid "\"<literal>~C<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dconflicts:<term></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>~C<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dconflicts:<term></literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7085 msgid "\"<literal>…~W term</literal>\" == \"<literal>(…|term)</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>…~W term</literal>\" == \"<literal>(…|term)</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7089 msgid "Users familiar with <literal>mutt</literal> pick up quickly, as mutt was the inspiration for the expression syntax. See \"SEARCHING, LIMITING, AND EXPRESSIONS\" in the \"User's Manual\" \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\"." msgstr "mutt が表現のお手本なので、<literal>mutt</literal> に慣れているユーザーはすぐ慣れるでしょう。\"User's Manual\" (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\") 中の \"SEARCHING, LIMITING, AND EXPRESSIONS\" を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7091 msgid "With the <literal>lenny</literal> version of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8), the new <emphasis role=\"strong\">long form</emphasis> syntax such as \"<literal>?broken</literal>\" may be used for regex matching in place for its old <emphasis role=\"strong\">short form</emphasis> equivalent \"<literal>~b</literal>\". Now space character \"<literal> </literal>\" is considered as one of the regex terminating character in addition to tilde character \"<literal>~</literal>\". See \"User's Manual\" for the new <emphasis role=\"strong\">long form</emphasis> syntax." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal> バージョンの <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) では、新規の \"<literal>?broken</literal>\" のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">長形式</emphasis>の regex マッチ形式が、古い \"<literal>~b</literal>\" のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">短形式</emphasis>のマッチ形式に代えて使えます。そのためチルダ文字 \"<literal>~</literal>\" に加えてスペース文字 \"<literal> </literal>\" も regex の終端文字として扱われます。新規の<emphasis role=\"strong\">長形式</emphasis>のマッチ形式については \"User's Manual\" を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7095 msgid "Dependency resolution of aptitude" msgstr "aptitude による依存関係の解決" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7096 msgid "The selection of a package in <literal>aptitude</literal> not only pulls in packages which are defined in its \"<literal>Depends:</literal>\" list but also defined in the \"<literal>Recommends:</literal>\" list if the menu \"<literal>F10</literal> → Options → Dependency handling\" is set accordingly. These auto installed packages are removed automatically if they are no longer needed under <literal>aptitude</literal>." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> によるパッケージの選択は、\"<literal>F10</literal> → Options → Dependency handling\" のメニュー設定に従って、\"<literal>Depends:</literal>\" リストに規定されたパッケージばかりでは無く \"<literal>Recommends:</literal>\" リストに規定されたパッケージも引き込みます。このような自動的にインストールされたパッケージは不要になると <literal>aptitude</literal> が自動的に削除します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7098 msgid "Before the <literal>lenny</literal> release, <literal>apt-get</literal> and other standard APT tools did not offer the autoremove functionality." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal> リリース以前は、<literal>apt-get</literal> 等の他の標準的な APT ツールは自動的削除機能がありませんでした。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7102 msgid "Package activity logs" msgstr "パッケージアクティビティーログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7103 msgid "You can check package activity history in the log files." msgstr "パッケージアクティビティーの履歴はログファイルで確認できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7105 msgid "The log files for package activities" msgstr "パッケージアクティビティーのログファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7112 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7646 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8034 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9972 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12221 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12311 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12380 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14649 msgid "file" msgstr "ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7115 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7652 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10095 msgid "content" msgstr "内容" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7122 msgid "<literal>/var/log/dpkg.log</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/dpkg.log</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7125 msgid "Log of <literal>dpkg</literal> level activity for all package activities" msgstr "全パッケージアクティビティの <literal>dpkg</literal> レベルのアクティビティーのログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7130 msgid "<literal>/var/log/apt/term.log</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/apt/term.log</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7133 msgid "Log of generic APT activity" msgstr "APT アクティビティのログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7138 msgid "<literal>/var/log/aptitude</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/aptitude</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7141 msgid "Log of <literal>aptitude</literal> command activity" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> コマンドアクティビティのログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7147 msgid "In reality, it is not so easy to get meaningful understanding quickly out from these logs. See <xref linkend=\"_recording_changes_in_configuration_files\"/> for easier way." msgstr "これらのログから意味のある理解を迅速に得るのは実際には難しいです。より簡単な方法については<xref linkend=\"_recording_changes_in_configuration_files\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7151 msgid "Examples of aptitude operations" msgstr "aptitude 操作例" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7152 msgid "Here are few examples of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) operations." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) 操作例を次に示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7154 msgid "Listing packages with regex matching on package names" msgstr "regex にマッチするパッケージ名のパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7155 msgid "The following command lists packages with regex matching on package names." msgstr "次のコマンドはパッケージの名前が regex にマッチするパッケージをリストします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7156 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ aptitude search '~n(pam|nss).*ldap'\n" "p libnss-ldap - NSS module for using LDAP as a naming service\n" "p libpam-ldap - Pluggable Authentication Module allowing LDAP interfaces" msgstr "" "$ aptitude search '~n(pam|nss).*ldap'\n" "p libnss-ldap - NSS module for using LDAP as a naming service\n" "p libpam-ldap - Pluggable Authentication Module allowing LDAP interfaces" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7159 msgid "This is quite handy for you to find the exact name of a package." msgstr "これはパッケージの正確な名前を探すときに非常に便利です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7162 msgid "Browsing with the regex matching" msgstr "regex マッチをしての閲覧" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7163 msgid "The regex \"<literal>~dipv6</literal>\" in the \"New Flat Package List\" view with \"<literal>l</literal>\" prompt, limits view to packages with the matching description and let you browse their information interactively." msgstr "\"平坦なパッケージリスト\" のビューで \"<literal>l</literal>\" のプロンプトに regex \"<literal>~dipv6</literal>\" を入れるとその意味にマッチするパッケージにビューが制限され、その情報をインタラクティブに閲覧できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7166 msgid "Purging removed packages for good" msgstr "パッケージの完全削除" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7167 msgid "You can purge all remaining configuration files of removed packages." msgstr "削除したパッケージが残した全ての設定ファイルを次のようにして完全削除できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7168 msgid "Check results of the following command." msgstr "次のコマンドの結果をチェックします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7169 #, no-wrap msgid "# aptitude search '~c'" msgstr "# aptitude search '~c'" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7170 msgid "If you think listed packages are OK to be purged, execute the following command." msgstr "もしリストされたパッケージが完全削除されても問題ないなら、次のコマンドを実行します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7171 #, no-wrap msgid "# aptitude purge '~c'" msgstr "# aptitude purge '~c'" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7172 msgid "You may want to do the similar in the interactive mode for fine grained control." msgstr "同様のことをインタラクティブにすればよりきめの細かい結果が得られます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7173 msgid "You provide the regex \"<literal>~c</literal>\" in the \"New Flat Package List\" view with \"<literal>l</literal>\" prompt. This limits the package view only to regex matched packages, i.e., \"removed but not purged\". All these regex matched packages can be shown by pressing \"<literal>[</literal>\" at top level headings." msgstr "\"平坦なパッケージリスト\" のビューで \"<literal>l</literal>\" のプロンプトに regex \"<literal>~c</literal>\" を入れると regex にマッチする \"削除されたが完全駆除されていない\" パッケージにビューが制限されます。トップレベルの見出しの上で \"<literal>[</literal>\" を押すと regex にマッチする全てのパッケージが表示されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7174 msgid "Then you press \"<literal>_</literal>\" at top level headings such as \"Installed Packages\". Only regex matched packages under the heading are marked to be purged by this. You can exclude some packages to be purged by pressing \"<literal>=</literal>\" interactively for each of them." msgstr "次に \"インストール済みのパッケージ\" 等のトップレベルの見出しの上で \"<literal>_</literal>\" を押します。その見出しの下の regex にマッチするパッケージだけが完全削除と設定されます。インタラクティブに個々のパッケージの上で \"<literal>=</literal>\" を押せばそれらのパッケージを完全削除対象から外せます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7175 msgid "This technique is quite handy and works for many other command keys." msgstr "このテクニックは非常に便利で、他の多くのコマンドキーでも使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7178 msgid "Tidying auto/manual install status" msgstr "自動 / 手動インストール状態の整理" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7179 msgid "Here is how I tidy auto/manual install status for packages (after using non-aptitude package installer etc.)." msgstr "(非 aptitude のパッケージインストーラー等を使った後で) パッケージの自動 / 手動インストールの状態を整理する私の方法を次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7183 msgid "Start <literal>aptitude</literal> in interactive mode as root." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> を root としてインタラクティブに起動します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7188 msgid "Type \"<literal>u</literal>\", \"<literal>U</literal>\", \"<literal>f</literal>\" and \"<literal>g</literal>\" to update and upgrade package list and packages." msgstr "\"<literal>u</literal>\" と \"<literal>U</literal>\" と \"<literal>f</literal>\" と \"<literal>g</literal>\" とタイプしてパッケージリストを更新しパッケージをアップグレードします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7193 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~i(~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i)</literal>\" and type \"<literal>M</literal>\" over \"<literal>Installed Packages</literal>\" as auto installed." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を \"<literal>~i(~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i)</literal>\" と入力するために \"<literal>l</literal>\" とタイプし、自動インストールとなるよう \"<literal>M</literal>\" と \"インストール済みのパッケージ\" の上でタイプします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7198 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~prequired|~pimportant|~pstandard|~E</literal>\" and type \"<literal>m</literal>\" over \"<literal>Installed Packages</literal>\" as manual installed." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を \"<literal>~prequired|~pimportant|~pstandard|~E</literal>\" と入力するために \"<literal>l</literal>\" とタイプし、手動インストールとなるよう \"<literal>m</literal>\" と \"インストール済みのパッケージ\" の上でタイプします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7203 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~i!~M</literal>\" and remove unused package by typing \"<literal>-</literal>\" over each of them after exposing them by typing \"<literal>[</literal>\" over \"<literal>Installed Packages</literal>\"." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を \"<literal>~i!~M</literal>\" と入力するために \"<literal>l</literal>\" とタイプし、\"インストール済みのパッケージ\" の上で \"<literal>[</literal>\" とタイプしてパッケージを見えるようにした後で個々のパッケージの上で \"<literal>-</literal>\" とタイプして使っていないパッケージを削除します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7208 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~i</literal>\" and type \"<literal>m</literal>\" over \"<literal>Tasks</literal>\" as manual installed." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を \"<literal>~i(~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i)</literal>\" と入力するように \"<literal>l</literal>\" とタイプし、\"インストール済みのパッケージ\" の上で自動インストールとなるよう \"<literal>M</literal>\" とタイプします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7213 msgid "Exit <literal>aptitude</literal>." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> を終了します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7218 msgid "Start \"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\" as root to check what are not used." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\" と root から起動して何が使われていないのか確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7223 msgid "Restart <literal>aptitude</literal> in interactive mode and mark needed packages as \"<literal>m</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> とインタラクティブモードで再起動して必要なパッケージを \"<literal>m</literal>\" でマークします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7228 msgid "Restart \"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\" as root to recheck REMOVED contain only expected packages." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\" と root から再起動して削除対象が期待にかなっていることを再確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7233 msgid "Start \"<literal>apt-get autoremove|less</literal>\" as root to autoremove unused packages." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get autoremove|less</literal>\" と root から起動して使用していないパッケージを自動削除します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7237 msgid "The \"<literal>m</literal>\" action over \"<literal>Tasks</literal>\" is an optional one to prevent mass package removal situation in future." msgstr "\"<literal>Tasks</literal>\" の上で \"<literal>m</literal>\" を押すのも一案で、大量ファイル除去となる事態が回避できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7240 msgid "System wide upgrade" msgstr "システム全体のアップグレード" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7242 msgid "When moving to a new release etc, you should consider to perform a clean installation of new system even though Debian is upgradable as described below. This provides you a chance to remove garbages collected and exposes you to the best combination of latest packages. Of course, you should make a full backup of system to a safe place (see <xref linkend=\"_backup_and_recovery\"/>) before doing this. I recommend to make a dual boot configuration using different partition to have the smoothest transition." msgstr "新規リリース等への移行は、Debian では下記のようにアップグレードできるのですが、新たなシステムをクリーンインストールすることを考えるべきです。こうすると溜めてきたゴミの除去ができる上に最新のパッケージの最良の組み合わせも分かります。もちろん安全な場所に完全なシステムのバックアップ (<xref linkend=\"_backup_and_recovery\"/>参照) を事前にしなくてはいけません。異なったパーティションを使ったデュアルブート設定をすることをスムーズな移行をするためにお薦めします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7244 msgid "You can perform system wide upgrade to a newer release by changing contents of the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" file pointing to a new release and running the \"<literal>apt-get update; apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\" command." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" ファイルの内容を新規リリースへと向けるように変更し、\"<literal>apt-get update; apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\"コマンドを実行することでシステム全体のアップグレードができます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7245 msgid "To upgrade from <literal>stable</literal> to <literal>testing</literal> or <literal>unstable</literal>, you replace \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" example of <xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/> with \"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>\" or \"<literal>sid</literal>\"." msgstr "安定版 <literal>stable</literal> からテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> や不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal> にアップグレードするには、<xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>にある \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" 例の \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" を \"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>\" か \"<literal>sid</literal>\" に置き換えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7246 msgid "In reality, you may face some complications due to some package transition issues, mostly due to package dependencies. The larger the difference of the upgrade, the more likely you face larger troubles. For the transition from the old <literal>stable</literal> to the new <literal>stable</literal> after its release, you can read its new <ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">Release Notes</ulink> and follow the exact procedure described in it to minimize troubles." msgstr "一部のパッケージで移行に関して支障をきたすことが実際には起こるかもしれません。これは大体パッケージ依存関係に起因します。アップグレードする差が大きければ大きいほど比較的大きな問題似合う可能性がより大きくなります。以前の安定版 <literal>stable</literal> からリリース後の新規安定版 <literal>stable</literal> への移行では新規<ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">リリースノート</ulink>を読んでそこに記載された手続き通りに完全にすれば問題発生を防げます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7247 msgid "When you decide to move from <literal>stable</literal> to <literal>testing</literal> before its formal release, there are no <ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">Release Notes</ulink> to help you. The difference between <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> could have grown quite large after the previous <literal>stable</literal> release and makes upgrade situation complicated." msgstr "安定版 <literal>stable</literal> からテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> へ移行すると決めた時には頼りにする<ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">リリースノート</ulink>はありません。前回の安定版 <literal>stable</literal> のリリースの後で安定版 <literal>stable</literal> とテスト版 <literal>testing</literal> の差がかなり大きくなっているかもしれません。そうだとアップグレードをする状況は複雑になっています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7248 msgid "You should make precautionary moves for the full upgrade while gathering latest information from mailing list and using common senses." msgstr "メーリングリストから最新情報を収集するとか常識を使うといった予防措置をしながらフルアップグレードをするべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7252 msgid "Read previous \"Release Notes\"." msgstr "前回の \"リリースノート\" を読みます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7257 msgid "Backup entire system (especially data and configuration information)." msgstr "全システム (特にデーターや設定情報) をバックアップします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7262 msgid "Have bootable media handy for broken bootloader." msgstr "ブートローダーが壊れたときのためにブートできるメディアを確保します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7267 msgid "Inform users on the system well in advance." msgstr "システムを使っているユーザーに十分事前に通告します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7272 msgid "Record upgrade activity with <literal>script</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>script</literal>(1) を使ってアップグレード活動を記録します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7277 msgid "Apply \"unmarkauto\" to required packages, e.g., \"<literal>aptitude unmarkauto vim</literal>\", to prevent removal." msgstr "削除をされないように \"<literal>aptitude unmarkauto vim</literal>\" 等として、\"unmarkauto\" を重要なパッケージに適用します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7282 msgid "Minimize installed packages to reduce chance of package conflicts, e.g., remove desktop task packages." msgstr "デスクトップタスクにあるパッケージ等を削除して、インストールされたパッケージを減らしてパッケージがコンフリクトする可能性を減らします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7287 msgid "Remove the \"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" file (disable apt-pinning)." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" ファイルを削除します (apt-pinning を無効化)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7292 msgid "Try to upgrade step wise: <literal>oldstable</literal> → <literal>stable</literal> → <literal>testing</literal> → <literal>unstable</literal>." msgstr "段階的にアップグレードしましょう: 旧安定版 <literal>oldstable</literal> → 安定版 <literal>stable</literal> → テスト版 <literal>testing</literal> → 不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal>。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7297 msgid "Update the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" file to point to new archive only and run \"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" ファイルを更新して新アーカイブ対象に \"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\" を実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7302 msgid "Install, optionally, new <emphasis role=\"strong\">core packages</emphasis> first, e.g., \"<literal>aptitude install perl</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude install perl</literal>\" 等として、先に新規の<emphasis role=\"strong\">中核的パッケージ</emphasis>を必要に応じてインストールします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7307 msgid "Run the \"<literal>apt-get -s dist-upgrade</literal>\" command to assess impact." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get -s dist-upgrade</literal>\" コマンドを実行して影響を確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7312 msgid "Run the \"<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\" command at last." msgstr "最後に \"<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\" コマンドを実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7317 msgid "It is not wise to skip major Debian release when upgrading between <literal>stable</literal> releases." msgstr "<literal>stable</literal> リリース間でアップグレードする際に Debian のメジャーリリースを飛ばすのは賢明ではありません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7320 msgid "In previous \"Release Notes\", GCC, Linux Kernel, initrd-tools, Glibc, Perl, APT tool chain, etc. have required some special attention for system wide upgrade." msgstr "過去の \"リリースノート\" ではシステム全体のアップグレードをするのに GCC や Linux カーネルや initrd-tools や Glibc や Perl や APT tool chain 等には特別な配慮が必要でした。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7322 msgid "For daily upgrade in <literal>unstable</literal>, see <xref linkend=\"_safeguarding_for_package_problems\"/>." msgstr "<literal>unstable</literal> での毎日のアップグレードは<xref linkend=\"_safeguarding_for_package_problems\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7326 msgid "Advanced package management operations" msgstr "高度なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7328 msgid "Advanced package management operations with commandline" msgstr "コマンドラインによる高度なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7329 msgid "Here are list of other package management operations for which <literal>aptitude</literal> is too high-level or lacks required functionalities." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> ではハイレベル過ぎるとか必要な機能を欠くという他のパッケージ管理操作のリストです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7331 msgid "List of advanced package management operations" msgstr "高度なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7348 msgid "<literal>COLUMNS=120 dpkg -l <package_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>COLUMNS=120 dpkg -l <パッケージ名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7351 msgid "list status of an installed package for the bug report" msgstr "バグレポートのためにインストールされたパッケージの状態をリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7356 msgid "<literal>dpkg -L <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -L <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7359 msgid "list contents of an installed package" msgstr "インストールされたパッケージの内容をリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7364 msgid "<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> | egrep '/usr/share/man/man.*/.+'</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -L <パッケージ名> | egrep '/usr/share/man/man.*/.+'</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7367 msgid "list manpages for an installed package" msgstr "インストールされたパッケージのマンページをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7372 msgid "<literal>dpkg -S <file_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -S <ファイル名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7375 msgid "list installed packages which have matching file name" msgstr "マッチするファイル名があるインストールされたパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7380 msgid "<literal>apt-file search <file_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-file search <ファイル名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7383 msgid "list packages in archive which have matching file name" msgstr "マッチするファイル名があるアーカイブ中のパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7388 msgid "<literal>apt-file list <package_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-file list <パッケージ名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7391 msgid "list contents of matching packages in archive" msgstr "アーカイブ中のマッチするパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7396 msgid "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7399 msgid "reconfigure the exact package" msgstr "特定パッケージを再設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7404 msgid "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure -p=low <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure -p=low <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7407 msgid "reconfigure the exact package with the most detailed question" msgstr "もっとも詳細な質問で特定パッケージを再設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7412 msgid "<literal>configure-debian</literal>" msgstr "<literal>configure-debian</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7415 msgid "reconfigure packages from the full screen menu" msgstr "フルスクリーンメニューからパッケージを再設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7420 msgid "<literal>dpkg --audit</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --audit</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7423 msgid "audit system for partially installed packages" msgstr "部分的にインストールされたパッケージに関してシステムを監査" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7428 msgid "<literal>dpkg --configure -a</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --configure -a</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7431 msgid "configure all partially installed packages" msgstr "全ての部分的にインストールされたパッケージを設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7436 msgid "<literal>apt-cache policy <binary_package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache policy <バイナリーパッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7439 msgid "show available version, priority, and archive information of a binary package" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージに関して使用可能なバージョンやプライオリティーやアーカイブ情報を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7444 msgid "<literal>apt-cache madison <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache madison <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7447 msgid "show available version, archive information of a package" msgstr "パッケージに関して使用可能なバージョンやアーカイブ情報を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7452 msgid "<literal>apt-cache showsrc <binary_package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache showsrc <バイナリーパッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7455 msgid "show source package information of a binary package" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージに関してソースパッケージの情報を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7460 msgid "<literal>apt-get build-dep <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get build-dep <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7463 msgid "install required packages to build package" msgstr "パッケージをビルドするのに必要なパッケージをインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7468 msgid "<literal>apt-get source <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get source <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7471 msgid "download a source (from standard archive)" msgstr "(標準アーカイブから) ソースをダウンロード" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7476 msgid "<literal>dget <URL for dsc file></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dget <dsc ファイルの URL></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7479 msgid "download a source packages (from other archive)" msgstr "(他のアーカイブから) ソースをダウンロード" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7484 msgid "<literal>dpkg-source -x <package_name>_<version>-<debian_version>.dsc</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg-source -x <パッケージ名>_<バージョン>-<debianバージョン>.dsc</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7487 msgid "build a source tree from a set of source packages (\"<literal>*.orig.tar.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>*.debian.tar.gz</literal>\"/\"<literal>*.diff.gz</literal>\")" msgstr "ソースパッケージの組 (\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\" と \"<literal>*.debian.tar.gz</literal>\" / \"<literal>*.diff.gz</literal>\") からソースツリーをビルド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7492 msgid "<literal>debuild binary</literal>" msgstr "<literal>debuild binary</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7495 msgid "build package(s) from a local source tree" msgstr "ローカルのソースツリーからパッケージをビルド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7500 msgid "<literal>make-kpkg kernel_image</literal>" msgstr "<literal>make-kpkg kernel_image</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7503 msgid "build a kernel package from a kernel source tree" msgstr "カーネルソースツリーからカーネルパッケージをビルド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7508 msgid "<literal>make-kpkg --initrd kernel_image</literal>" msgstr "<literal>make-kpkg --initrd kernel_image</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7511 msgid "build a kernel package from a kernel source tree with initramfs enabled" msgstr "カーネルソースツリーから initramfs を有効にしてカーネルパッケージをビルド" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7516 msgid "<literal>dpkg -i <package_name><emphasis><version>-<debian_version></emphasis><arch>.deb</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -i <パッケージ名>_<バージョン>-<debian_バージョン>_<アーキテクチャー名>.deb</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7519 msgid "install a local package to the system" msgstr "ローカルパッケージをシステムにインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7524 msgid "<literal>debi <package_name><emphasis><version>-<debian_version></emphasis><arch>.dsc</literal>" msgstr "<literal>debi <パッケージ名>_<バージョン>-<debian_バージョン>_<アーキテクチャー名>.dsc</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7527 msgid "install local package(s) to the system" msgstr "ローカルパッケージ (複数) をシステムにインストール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7532 msgid "<literal>dpkg --get-selection '*' >selection.txt</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --get-selection '*' >selection.txt</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7535 msgid "save <literal>dpkg</literal> level package selection state information" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal> レベルのパッケージ選択状態情報を保存" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7540 msgid "<literal>dpkg --set-selection <selection.txt</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --set-selection <selection.txt</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7543 msgid "set <literal>dpkg</literal> level package selection state information" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal> レベルのパッケージ選択状態情報を設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7548 msgid "<literal>echo <package_name> hold | dpkg --set-selection</literal>" msgstr "<literal>echo <package_name> hold | dpkg --set-selection</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7551 msgid "set <literal>dpkg</literal> level package selection state for a package to <emphasis role=\"strong\">hold</emphasis> (equivalent to \"<literal>aptitude hold <package_name></literal>\")" msgstr "特定パッケージの <literal>dpkg</literal> レベルのパッケージ選択状態を <emphasis role=\"strong\">hold</emphasis> にする (\"<literal>aptitude hold <package_name></literal>\" と等価)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7558 msgid "Lower level package tools such as \"<literal>dpkg -i …</literal>\" and \"<literal>debi …</literal>\" should be carefully used by the system administrator. It does not automatically take care required package dependencies. Dpkg's commandline options \"<literal>--force-all</literal>\" and similar (see <literal>dpkg</literal>(1)) are intended to be used by experts only. Using them without fully understanding their effects may break your whole system." msgstr "\"<literal>dpkg -i …</literal>\" や \"<literal>debi …</literal>\" といった低いレベルのパッケージツールはシステム管理者によって注意深く使われなければいけません。必要なパッケージ依存関係を自動的に面倒見てくれません。Dpkg の \"<literal>--force-all</literal>\" や類似のコマンドラインオプション (<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) 参照) はエキスパートだけが使うようにできています。十分にその影響を理解せずに使うとシステム全体を壊してしまうかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7560 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18356 msgid "Please note the following." msgstr "以下に注意下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7564 msgid "All system configuration and installation commands require to be run from root." msgstr "全てのシステム設定やインストールコマンドは root から実行なければいけません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7569 msgid "Unlike <literal>aptitude</literal> which uses regex (see <xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>), other package management commands use pattern like shell glob (see <xref linkend=\"_shell_glob\"/>)." msgstr "regex (<xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>参照) を使う <literal>aptitude</literal> と異なり、他のパッケージ管理コマンドはシェルグロブ (<xref linkend=\"_shell_glob\"/>参照) のようなパターンを使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7573 msgid "<literal>apt-file</literal>(1) provided by the <literal>apt-file</literal> package must run \"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\" in advance." msgstr "<literal>apt-file</literal> パッケージに入っている <literal>apt-file</literal>(1) は事前に \"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\" を実行する必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7577 msgid "<literal>configure-debian</literal>(8) provided by the <literal>configure-debian</literal> package runs <literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8) as its backend." msgstr "<literal>configure-debian</literal> パッケージに入っている <literal>configure-debian</literal>(8) はそのバックエンドとして <literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8) を実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7581 msgid "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8) runs package scripts using <literal>debconf</literal>(1) as its backend." msgstr "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8) はそのバックエンドとして <literal>debconf</literal>(1) を利用するパッケージスクリプトを実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7586 msgid "\"<literal>apt-get build-dep</literal>\", \"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\" and \"<literal>apt-cache showsrc</literal>\" commands require \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" entry in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get build-dep</literal>\" や \"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\" や \"<literal>apt-cache showsrc</literal>\" コマンドは \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" の中に \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" エントリーが必要です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7590 msgid "<literal>dget</literal>(1), <literal>debuild</literal>(1), and <literal>debi</literal>(1) require <literal>devscripts</literal> package." msgstr "<literal>dget</literal>(1) や <literal>debuild</literal>(1) や <literal>debi</literal>(1) は <literal>devscripts</literal> パッケージが必要です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7595 msgid "See (re)packaging procedure using \"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\" in <xref linkend=\"_porting_a_package_to_the_stable_system\"/>." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\" を使った (再)パッケージ化の手続きは<xref linkend=\"_porting_a_package_to_the_stable_system\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7599 msgid "<literal>make-kpkg</literal> command requires the <literal>kernel-package</literal> package (see <xref linkend=\"_the_kernel\"/>)." msgstr "<literal>make-kpkg</literal> コマンドは <literal>kernel-package</literal> パッケージが必要です (<xref linkend=\"_the_kernel\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7604 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_making_debian_package\"/> for general packaging." msgstr "一般的なパッケージ化に関しては<xref linkend=\"_making_debian_package\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7610 msgid "Verification of installed package files" msgstr "インストールされたパッケージファイルの検証" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7611 msgid "The installation of <literal>debsums</literal> enables verification of installed package files against MD5sum values in the \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/*.md5sums</literal>\" file with <literal>debsums</literal>(1). See <xref linkend=\"_the_md5_sum\"/> for how MD5sum works." msgstr "<literal>debsums</literal> をインストールすると <literal>debsums</literal>(1) を使って \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/*.md5sums</literal>\" ファイル中の MD5sum 値との比較でインストールされたパッケージファイルを検証できます。MD5sum がどのような仕組かは<xref linkend=\"_the_md5_sum\"/>参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7613 msgid "Because MD5sum database may be tampered by the intruder, <literal>debsums</literal>(1) is of limited use as a security tool. It is only good for checking local modifications by the administrator or damage due to media errors." msgstr "侵入者によって MD5sum のデーターベースが改竄されているかもしれないので <literal>debsums</literal>(1) はセキュリティーツールとしては限定的有用性しかありません。管理者によるローカルの変更や記憶メディアのエラーによる損傷を点検するぐらいには有用です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7617 msgid "Safeguarding for package problems" msgstr "パッケージ問題からの防御" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7618 msgid "Many users prefer to follow the <emphasis role=\"strong\">unstable</emphasis> release of the Debian system for its new features and packages. This makes the system more prone to be hit by the critical package bugs." msgstr "多くのユーザーは新規機能やパッケージを求めて Debian システムの非安定版 <emphasis role=\"strong\">unstable</emphasis> リリースを追いかけることを好みます。こういうことをするとクリティカルなパッケージのバグにシステムが遭遇しやすくなります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7619 msgid "The installation of the <literal>apt-listbugs</literal> package safeguards your system against critical bugs by checking Debian BTS automatically for critical bugs when upgrading with APT system." msgstr "<literal>apt-listbugs</literal> パッケージをインストールすれば、APT システムを使ってアップグレードする時に Debian の BTS を自動的にクリティカルなバグに関して点検することで、クリティカルなバグからあなたのシステムを防御できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7620 msgid "The installation of the <literal>apt-listchanges</literal> package provides important news in \"<literal>NEWS.Debian</literal>\" when upgrading with APT system." msgstr "<literal>apt-listchanges</literal> パッケージをインストールすれば、APT システムを使ってアップグレードする時に <literal>NEWS.Debian</literal> 中の重要ニュースを表示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7623 msgid "Searching on the package meta data" msgstr "パッケージメタデーターの検索" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7624 msgid "Although visiting Debian site <ulink url=\"&httppackagesdebianorg;\">http://packages.debian.org/</ulink> facilitates easy ways to search on the package meta data these days, let's look into more traditional ways." msgstr "最近は Debian サイトの <ulink url=\"&httppackagesdebianorg;\">http://packages.debian.org/</ulink> を訪問するとパッケージメタデーターの検索を簡単に出きるようになっていますが、より伝統的な方法を見てみます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7625 msgid "The <literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1), <literal>grep-status</literal>(1), and <literal>grep-available</literal>(1) commands can be used to search any file which has the general format of a Debian package control file." msgstr "<literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) や <literal>grep-status</literal>(1) や <literal>grep-available</literal>(1) コマンドは Debian のパッケージコントロールファイルの一般的フォーマットに従ういかなるファイルを検索するのにも使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7626 msgid "The \"<literal>dpkg -S <file_name_pattern></literal>\" can be used search package names which contain files with the matching name installed by <literal>dpkg</literal>. But this overlooks files created by the maintainer scripts." msgstr "マッチする名前のファイルを含む <literal>dpkg</literal> でインストールされたパッケージ名を探索するのに \"<literal>dpkg -S <ファイル名パターン></literal>\" が使えます。しかしメンテナスクリプトで生成されるファイルはこれでは見逃されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7627 msgid "If you need to make more elaborate search on the dpkg meta data, you need to run \"<literal>grep -e regex_pattern *</literal>\" command in the \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/</literal>\" directory. This makes you search words mentioned in package scripts and installation query texts." msgstr "dpkg のメタデーターに関してより詳細な検索をする必要がある場合、\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/</literal>\" ディレクトリーで \"<literal>grep -e regexパターン *</literal>\" コマンドを実行しないといけません。こうすることでパッケージスクリプトやインストール時の質問テキスト中の言葉まで検索できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7628 msgid "If you wish to look up package dependency recursively, you should use <literal>apt-rdepends</literal>(8)." msgstr "パッケージ依存関係を再帰的に検索したい際には、<literal>apt-rdepends</literal>(8) を使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7632 msgid "Debian package management internals" msgstr "Debian パッケージ管理の内部" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7633 msgid "Let's learn how the Debian package management system works internally. This should help you to create your own solution to some package problems." msgstr "Debian のパッケージ管理システムが内部的のどのように機能するのかを学びます。何らかのパッケージ問題が発生した際にあなた自身の解決を見出すのに役立つでしょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7635 msgid "Archive meta data" msgstr "アーカイブのメタデーター" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7636 msgid "Meta data files for each distribution are stored under \"<literal>dist/<codename></literal>\" on each Debian mirror sites, e.g., \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</literal>\". Its archive structure can be browsed by the web browser. There are 6 types of key meta data." msgstr "各ディストリビューションのメタデーターのファイルは例えば \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</literal>\" のような各 Debian ミラーサイトの \"<literal>dist/<コード名></literal>\" の下に保存されています。そのアーカイブ構造はウェッブブラウザーで閲覧できます。6つのタイプの重要メタデーターがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7638 msgid "The content of the Debian archive meta data" msgstr "Debian アーカイブのメタデーターの内容" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7649 msgid "location" msgstr "場所" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7659 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7692 msgid "<literal>Release</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Release</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7662 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7673 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7684 msgid "top of distribution" msgstr "ディストリビューションのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7665 msgid "archive description and integrity information" msgstr "アーカイブの説明との整合性情報" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7670 msgid "<literal>Release.gpg</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Release.gpg</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7676 msgid "signature file for the \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file signed with the archive key" msgstr "アーカイブキーで署名された \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルに関する署名ファイル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7681 msgid "<literal>Contents-<architecture></literal>" msgstr "<literal>Contents-<アーキテクチャー></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7687 msgid "list of all files for all the packages in the pertinent archive" msgstr "該当アーカイブ中全てのパッケージに関する全ファイルリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7695 msgid "top of each distribution/area/architecture combination" msgstr "各ディストリビューション / エリア / アーキテクチャーの組み合わせのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7698 msgid "archive description used for the rule of <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)" msgstr "<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) のルールに利用されるアーカイブの記述。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7703 msgid "<literal>Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Packages</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7706 msgid "top of each distribution/area/binary-architecture combination" msgstr "各ディストリビューション / エリア / バイナリーアーキテクチャーの組み合わせのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7709 msgid "concatenated <literal>debian/control</literal> for binary packages" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージに関して <literal>debian/control</literal> を連結" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7714 msgid "<literal>Sources</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Sources</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7717 msgid "top of each distribution/area/source combination" msgstr "各ディストリビューション / エリア / ソースの組み合わせのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7720 msgid "concatenated <literal>debian/control</literal> for source packages" msgstr "ソースパッケージに関して <literal>debian/control</literal> を連結" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7726 msgid "In the recent archive, these meta data are stored as the compressed and differential files to reduce network traffic." msgstr "最近のアーカイブではネットワークトラフィックを減らすべく圧縮された差分ファイルとしてこれらのメタデーターは保存されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7729 msgid "Top level \"Release\" file and authenticity" msgstr "トップレベルの \"Release\" ファイルと信憑性" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7731 msgid "The top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file is used for signing the archive under the <emphasis role=\"strong\">secure APT</emphasis> system." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セキュアー APT</emphasis> システムではトップレベルの \"Release\" ファイルがアーカイブを署名するのに使われています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7733 msgid "Each suite of the Debian archive has a top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file, e.g., \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/Release</literal>\", as follows." msgstr "Debian アーカイブの各スイーツには例えば次に示すような \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/Release</literal>\" のようなトップレベルの \"Release\" ファイルがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7734 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Suite: unstable\n" "Codename: sid\n" "Date: Sat, 26 Jan 2008 20:13:58 UTC\n" "Architectures: alpha amd64 arm hppa hurd-i386 i386 ia64 m68k mips mipsel powerpc s390 sparc\n" "Components: main contrib non-free\n" "Description: Debian x.y Unstable - Not Released\n" "MD5Sum:\n" " e9f11bc50b12af7927d6583de0a3bd06 22788722 main/binary-alpha/Packages\n" " 43524d07f7fa21b10f472c426db66168 6561398 main/binary-alpha/Packages.gz\n" "..." msgstr "" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Suite: unstable\n" "Codename: sid\n" "Date: Sat, 26 Jan 2008 20:13:58 UTC\n" "Architectures: alpha amd64 arm hppa hurd-i386 i386 ia64 m68k mips mipsel powerpc s390 sparc\n" "Components: main contrib non-free\n" "Description: Debian x.y Unstable - Not Released\n" "MD5Sum:\n" " e9f11bc50b12af7927d6583de0a3bd06 22788722 main/binary-alpha/Packages\n" " 43524d07f7fa21b10f472c426db66168 6561398 main/binary-alpha/Packages.gz\n" "..." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7747 msgid "Here, you can find my rationale to use the \"suite\", and \"codeneme\" in <xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>. The \"distribution\" is used when referring to both \"suite\" and \"codeneme\". All archive \"area\" names offered by the archive are listed under \"Component\"." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>の中で \"スイーツ (suite)\" や \"コード名 (codename)\" を使う理由はこれを見れば分かるでしょう。\"ディストリビューション\" は \"スイーツ\" と \"コード名\" との両方を指したい際に用いられます。アーカイブが提供する全アーカイブ \"エリア (area)\" 名が \"Component\" の下にリストされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7749 msgid "The integrity of the top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file is verified by cryptographic infrastructure called the <ulink url=\"&secureapt;\">secure apt</ulink>." msgstr "トップレベルの \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルの整合性は <ulink url=\"&secureapt;\">セキュアー apt</ulink> という暗号学手法インフラストラクチャーによって検証されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7753 msgid "The cryptographic signature file \"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\" is created from the authentic top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file and the secret Debian archive key." msgstr "暗号手法による署名ファイル \"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\" は真正のトップレベルの \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルと秘密の Debian アーカイブキーから作成されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7758 msgid "The public Debian archive key can be seeded into \"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\";" msgstr "公開の Debian アーカイブキーは \"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\" に取り込むには次のようにします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7763 msgid "automatically by installing the keyring with the latest <literal>base-files</literal> package, or" msgstr "最新の <literal>base-files</literal> パッケージを用いてキーリングをインストールすることで自動で取り込む。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7768 msgid "manually by <literal>gpg</literal> or <literal>apt-key</literal> tool with <ulink url=\"&thelatestpublicapmasterdebianorg;\">the latest public archive key posted on the ftp-master.debian.org</ulink> ." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thelatestpublicapmasterdebianorg;\">ftp-master.debian.org に掲示された最新の公開アーカイブキー</ulink>を <literal>gpg</literal> か <literal>apt-key</literal> ツールを用いて手動で取り込む。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7775 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">secure APT</emphasis> system verifies the integrity of the downloaded top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file cryptographically by this \"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\" file and the public Debian archive key in \"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\"." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セキュアー APT</emphasis> システムはこの \"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\" ファイルと \"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\" 中の公開アーカイブキーを用いてダウンロードされたトップレベルの \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルの整合性を暗号学手法を用いて検証します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7779 msgid "The integrity of all the \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" files are verified by using MD5sum values in its top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file. The integrity of all package files are verified by using MD5sum values in the \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" files. See <literal>debsums</literal>(1) and <xref linkend=\"_verification_of_installed_package_files\"/>." msgstr "\"全ての <literal>Packages</literal>\" と \"<literal>Sources</literal> ファイルの整合性はそのトップレベルの \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイル中の MD5sum 値を用いて検証します。\"パッケージファイルの整合性は \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" や \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" ファイル中の MD5sum 値を用いて検証します。<literal>debsums</literal>(1) と<xref linkend=\"_verification_of_installed_package_files\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7780 msgid "Since the cryptographic signature verification is very CPU intensive process than the MD5sum value calculation, use of MD5sum value for each package while using cryptographic signature for the top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file provides <ulink url=\"&thegoodsecuritywththeperformance;\">the good security with the performance</ulink> (see <xref linkend=\"_data_security_infrastructure\"/>)." msgstr "暗号学手法を用いた署名の検証は MD5sum 値の計算よりも非常に CPU を使うプロセスなので、トップレベルの \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルには暗号学手法を用いた署名を使いつつ各パッケージには MD5sum 値を用いることで<ulink url=\"&thegoodsecuritywththeperformance;\">パーフォーマンスを保ったまま良好なセキュリティー</ulink>が確保できます (<xref linkend=\"_data_security_infrastructure\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7783 msgid "Archive level \"Release\" files" msgstr "アーカイブレベルの \"Release\" ファイル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7785 msgid "The archive level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" files are used for the rule of <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)." msgstr "アーカイブレベルの \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルが <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) のルールに使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7787 msgid "There are archive level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" files for all archive locations specified by \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\", such as \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" or \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/sid/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" as follows." msgstr "\"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" や \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/sid/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" 等の \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" 中の \"<literal>deb</literal>\" 行で特定される全てのアーカイブロケーションにはアーカイブレベルの次に示すような \"<literal>Release</literal>\" ファイルがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7788 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Archive: unstable\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Architecture: amd64" msgstr "" "Archive: unstable\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Architecture: amd64" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7794 msgid "For \"<literal>Archive:</literal>\" stanza, suite names (\"<literal>stable</literal>\", \"<literal>testing</literal>\", \"<literal>unstable</literal>\", …) are used in <ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">the Debian archive</ulink> while codenames (\"<literal>dapper</literal>\", \"<literal>feisty</literal>\", \"<literal>gutsy</literal>\", \"<literal>hardy</literal>\", \"<literal>intrepid</literal>\", …) are used in <ulink url=\"&theubuntuarchive;\">the Ubuntu archive</ulink>." msgstr "\"<literal>Archive:</literal>\" スタンザには、<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">Debian アーカイブ</ulink>ではスイート名 (\"<literal>stable</literal>\" や \"<literal>testing</literal>\" や \"<literal>unstable</literal>\" 等) が使われますが、<ulink url=\"&theubuntuarchive;\">Ubuntu アーカイブ</ulink>ではコード名 (\"<literal>dapper</literal>\" や \"<literal>feisty</literal>\" や \"<literal>gutsy</literal>\" や \"<literal>hardy</literal>\" や \"<literal>intrepid</literal>\" 等) が使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7796 msgid "For some archives, such as <literal>experimental</literal>, <literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>, and <literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>, which contain packages which should not be installed automatically, there is an extra line, e.g., \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/experimental/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" as follows." msgstr "<literal>experimental</literal> や <literal>volatile-sloppy</literal> や <literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal> のような自動的にインストールされるべきでないパッケージを含むような一部アーカイブでは次に示す \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/experimental/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" のような追加の行があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7797 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Archive: experimental\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "NotAutomatic: yes\n" "Architecture: amd64" msgstr "" "Archive: experimental\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "NotAutomatic: yes\n" "Architecture: amd64" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7803 msgid "Please note that for normal archives without \"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\", the default Pin-Priority value is 500, while for special archives with \"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\", the default Pin-Priority value is 1 (see <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) and <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)." msgstr "\"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\" となっていない通常のアーカイブではデフォールトの Pin-Priority 値は 500 ですが、\"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\" となっている特別なアーカイブではデフォールトの Pin-Priority 値は 1 です (<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) と<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7806 msgid "Fetching of the meta data for the package" msgstr "パッケージメタデーターの取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7807 msgid "When APT tools, such as <literal>aptitude</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal>, <literal>synaptic</literal>, <literal>apt-file</literal>, <literal>auto-apt</literal>…, are used, we need to update the local copies of the meta data containing the Debian archive information. These local copies have following file names corresponding to the specified <literal>distribution</literal>, <literal>area</literal>, and <literal>architecture</literal> names in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" (see <xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>)." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> や <literal>apt-get</literal> や <literal>synaptic</literal> や <literal>apt-file</literal> や <literal>auto-apt</literal> 等の APT ツールが使われる際には Debian アーカイブ情報を含むメタデーターのローカルコピーを更新する必要があります。この様なローカルのコピーは \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" 中の<literal>ディストリビューション (distribution)</literal> と<literal>エリア (area)</literal> と<literal>アーキテクチャー (architecture)</literal> の名前に対応する次のファイル名です (<xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7811 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_Release</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_Release</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7816 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_Release.gpg</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_Release.gpg</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7821 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_<area>_binary-<architecture>_Packages</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_<エリア>_source_Sources</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7826 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_<area>_source_Sources</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_<エリア>_source_Sources</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7831 msgid "\"<literal>/var/cache/apt/apt-file/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_Contents-<architecture>.gz</literal>\" (for <literal>apt-file</literal>)" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/cache/apt/apt-file/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_Contents-<アーキテクチャー>.gz</literal>\" (<literal>apt-file</literal> 用)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7835 msgid "First 4 types of files are shared by all the pertinent APT commands and updated from command line by \"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\" and \"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\". The \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" meta data are updated if there is the \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\". The \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" meta data are updated if there is the \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" line in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "最初の4つのタイプのファイルは全ての適切な APT コマンド間で共有されておりコマンドラインから \"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\" や \"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\" によって更新されます。もし \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" 中に \"<literal>deb</literal>\" 行があれば \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" メタデーターが更新されます。もし \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" 中に \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" 行があれば \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" メタデーターが更新されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7836 msgid "The \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" meta data contain \"<literal>Filename:</literal>\" stanza pointing to the file location of the binary and source packages. Currently, these packages are located under the \"<literal>pool/</literal>\" directory tree for the improved transition over the releases." msgstr "\"<literal>Packages</literal>\" や \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" メタデーターはバイナリーやソースパッケージのファイルの場所を指している \"<literal>Filename:</literal>\" スタンザを含んでいます。現在、それらのパッケージはリリース間の移行を滞り無くするために \"<literal>pool/</literal>\" ディレクトリーツリーの下に置かれています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7837 msgid "Local copies of \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" meta data can be interactively searched with the help of <literal>aptitude</literal>. The specialized search command <literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) can search local copies of \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" meta data." msgstr "\"<literal>Packages</literal>\" メタデーターのローカルコピーは <literal>aptitude</literal> を使ってインタラクティブに検索できます。<literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) という専用の検索コマンドを使うと \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" と \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" メタデーターのローカルコピーを検索できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7838 msgid "Local copy of \"<literal>Contents-<architecture></literal>\" meta data can be updated by \"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\" and its location is different from other 4 ones. See <literal>apt-file</literal>(1). (The <literal>auto-apt</literal> uses different location for local copy of \"<literal>Contents-<architecture>.gz</literal>\" as default.)" msgstr "\"<literal>Contents-<アーキテクチャー></literal>\" メタデーターのローカルコピーは \"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\" で更新でき、他の4つと異なるところにあります。<literal>apt-file</literal>(1) を参照下さい。(<literal>auto-apt</literal> では \"<literal>Contents-<アーキテクチャー>.gz</literal>\" のローカルコピーがデフォールトでは異なるところにあります。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7841 msgid "The package state for APT" msgstr "APT に関するパッケージ状態" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7842 msgid "In addition to the remotely fetched meta data, the APT tool after <literal>lenny</literal> stores its locally generated installation state information in the \"<literal>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</literal>\" which is used by all APT tools to track all auto installed packages." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal> 以降の APT ツールではリモートから取得したメタデーターに追加でローカルで生成されるインストール状態情報を \"<literal>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</literal>\" に保存して、自動インストールされた全パッケージを全ての APT ツールで追跡するのに用います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7845 msgid "The package state for aptitude" msgstr "aptitude に関するパッケージ状態" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7846 msgid "In addition to the remotely fetched meta data, the <literal>aptitude</literal> command stores its locally generated installation state information in the \"<literal>/var/lib/aptitude/pkgstates</literal>\" which is used only by it." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal> コマンドではリモートから取得したメタデーターに追加でローカルで生成されるインストール状態情報を \"<literal>/var/lib/aptitude/pkgstates</literal>\" に保存して用いています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7849 msgid "Local copies of the fetched packages" msgstr "取得したパッケージのローカルコピー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7850 msgid "All the remotely fetched packages via APT mechanism are stored in the \"<literal>/var/cache/apt/packages</literal>\" until they are cleaned." msgstr "APT メカニズムでリモートから取得されたパッケージは消去されるまでは \"<literal>/var/cache/apt/packages</literal>\" に貯蔵されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7853 msgid "Debian package file names" msgstr "Debian パッケージファイル名" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7854 msgid "Debian package files have particular name structures." msgstr "Debian のパッケージファイルには特定の名前の構造があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7856 msgid "The name structure of Debian packages" msgstr "Debian パッケージの名前の構造" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7863 msgid "package type" msgstr "パッケージタイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7866 msgid "name structure" msgstr "名前の構造" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7873 msgid "The binary package (a.k.a <literal>deb</literal>)" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージ (所謂 <literal>deb</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7876 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>-<architecture>.deb</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>-<アーキテクチャー>.deb</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7881 msgid "The binary package (a.k.a <literal>udeb</literal>)" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージ (所謂<literal>udeb</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7884 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>-<architecture>.udeb</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>-<アーキテクチャー>.udeb</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7889 msgid "The source package (upstream source)" msgstr "ソースパッケージ (アップストリームのソース)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7892 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.orig.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.orig.tar.gz</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7897 msgid "The <literal>1.0</literal> source package (Debian changes)" msgstr "<literal>1.0</literal> ソースパッケージ (Debian の変更部分)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7900 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.diff.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.diff.gz</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7905 msgid "The <literal>3.0 (quilt)</literal> source package (Debian changes)" msgstr "<literal>3.0 (quilt)</literal> ソースパッケージ (Debian の変更部分)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7908 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.debian.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.debian.tar.gz</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7913 msgid "The source package (description)" msgstr "ソースパッケージ (内容記述)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7916 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.dsc</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.dsc</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7923 msgid "Here only the basic source package formats are described. See more on <literal>dpkg-source</literal>(1)." msgstr "ここでは基本的なパッケージフォーマットのみが記述されています。詳細は <literal>dpkg-source</literal>(1) を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7926 msgid "The usable characters for each component in the Debian package names" msgstr "Debian パッケージ名の各部分に使用可能な文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7934 msgid "name component" msgstr "名前の部分" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7937 msgid "usable characters (regex)" msgstr "使用可能文字 (regex)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7940 msgid "existence" msgstr "存在" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7947 msgid "<literal><package-name></literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7950 msgid "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-]</literal></literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-]</literal></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7953 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7975 msgid "required" msgstr "必須" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7958 msgid "<literal><epoch>:</literal>" msgstr "<literal><エポック>:</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7961 msgid "<literal>[0-9]+:</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[0-9]+:</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7964 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7986 msgid "optional" msgstr "任意" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7969 msgid "<literal><upstream-version></literal>" msgstr "<literal><アップストリームのバージョン></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7972 msgid "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-,:]</literal></literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-,:]</literal></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7980 msgid "<literal><debian.version></literal>" msgstr "<literal><debianのバージョン></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7983 msgid "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,~]</literal></literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,~]</literal></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7993 msgid "You can check package version order by <literal>dpkg</literal>(1), e.g., \"<literal>dpkg --compare-versions 7.0 gt 7.~pre1 ; echo $?</literal>\" ." msgstr "パッケージバージョンの順位は <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) を使って、例えば \"<literal>dpkg --compare-versions 7.0 gt 7.~pre1 ; echo $?</literal>\" とすると確認できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7996 msgid "<ulink url=\"&thedebianinstallerdi;\">The debian-installer (d-i)</ulink> uses <literal>udeb</literal> as the file extension for its binary package instead of normal <literal>deb</literal>. An <literal>udeb</literal> package is a stripped down <literal>deb</literal> package which removes few non-essential contents such as documentation to save space while relaxing the package policy requirements. Both <literal>deb</literal> and <literal>udeb</literal> packages share the same package structure. The \"<literal>u</literal>\" stands for micro." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianinstallerdi;\">Debian インストーラー (d-i)</ulink> のバイナリーパッケージには、通常の <literal>deb</literal> ではなく <literal>udeb</literal> をファイル拡張子として使われます。<literal>udeb</literal> パッケージはポリシー条件を緩和しドキュメントのように必須でない内容を削除した減量 <literal>deb</literal> パッケージです。<literal>deb</literal> と <literal>udeb</literal> パッケージは同一のパッケージ構造を共有しています。\"<literal>u</literal>\" はマイクロと言う意味で使っています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8000 msgid "The dpkg command" msgstr "dpkg コマンド" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8001 msgid "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) is the lowest level tool for the Debian package management. This is very powerful and needs to be used with care." msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) は Debian パッケージ管理の最も低レベルのツールです。非常に強力ですから気をつけて使う必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8002 msgid "While installing package called \"<literal><package_name></literal>\", <literal>dpkg</literal> process it in the following order." msgstr "\"<literal><パッケージ名></literal>\"というパッケージをインストールする際に、<literal>dpkg</literal> は次に記す順番でパッケージを処理します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8006 msgid "Unpack the deb file (\"<literal>ar -x</literal>\" equivalent)" msgstr "deb ファイルを解凍 (\"<literal>ar -x</literal>\" と等価)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8011 msgid "Execute \"<literal><package_name>.preinst</literal>\" using <literal>debconf</literal>(1)" msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal>(1) を使い \"<literal><package_name>.preinst</literal>\" を実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8016 msgid "Install the package content to the system (\"<literal>tar -x</literal>\" equivalent)" msgstr "システムにパッケージ内容をインストール (\"<literal>tar -x</literal>\" と等価)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8021 msgid "Execute \"<literal><package_name>.postinst</literal>\" using <literal>debconf</literal>(1)" msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal>(1) を使い \"<literal><package_name>.postinst</literal>\" を実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8025 msgid "The <literal>debconf</literal> system provides standardized user interaction with I18N and L10N (<xref linkend=\"_i18n_and_l10n\"/>) supports." msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal> システムによって I18N と L10N (<xref linkend=\"_i18n_and_l10n\"/>) のサポートのある標準化されたユーザーとの対話が実現できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8027 msgid "The notable files created by <literal>dpkg</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal> が作成する特記すべきファイル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8037 msgid "description of contents" msgstr "内容の説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8044 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.conffiles</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.conffiles</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8047 msgid "list of configuration files. (user modifiable)" msgstr "設定ファイルのリスト。(ユーザー変更可能)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8052 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.list</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.list</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8055 msgid "list of files and directories installed by the package" msgstr "パッケージによりインストールされるファイルやディレクトリーのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8060 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.md5sums</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.md5sums</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8063 msgid "list of MD5 hash values for files installed by the package" msgstr "パッケージによりインストールされるファイルの MD5 ハッシュ値のリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8068 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.preinst</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.preinst</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8071 msgid "package script run before the package installation" msgstr "パッケージインストールの前に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8076 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postinst</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.postinst</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8079 msgid "package script run after the package installation" msgstr "パッケージインストールの後に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8084 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.prerm</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8087 msgid "package script run before the package removal" msgstr "パッケージ削除の前に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8092 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postrm</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8095 msgid "package script run after the package removal" msgstr "パッケージ削除の前に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8100 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.config</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.conffiles</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8103 msgid "package script for <literal>debconf</literal> system" msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal> システムのためのパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8108 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/<package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/<パッケージ名></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8111 msgid "the alternative information used by the <literal>update-alternatives</literal> command" msgstr "<literal>update-alternatives</literal> コマンドが用いる代替情報" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8116 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/available</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/available</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8119 msgid "the availability information for all the package" msgstr "すべてのパッケージの入手可能性情報" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8124 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/diversions</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/diversions</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8127 msgid "the diversions information used by <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) and set by`dpkg-divert`(8)" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) に用いられ、<literal>dpkg-divert</literal>(8) が設定する迂回情報。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8132 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/statoverride</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/statoverride</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8135 msgid "the stat override information used by <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) and set by`dpkg-statoverride`(8)" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) に用いられ、<literal>dpkg-statoverride</literal>(8) が設定する状態の上書き情報。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8140 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8143 msgid "the status information for all the packages" msgstr "全パッケージに関する状態情報" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8148 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status-old</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status-old</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8151 msgid "the first-generation backup of the \"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\" file" msgstr "\"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\" ファイルの第一世代のバックアップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8156 msgid "<literal>/var/backups/dpkg.status*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/backups/dpkg.status*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8159 msgid "the second-generation backup and older ones of the \"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\" file" msgstr "\"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\" ファイルの第二世代以前のバックアップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8165 msgid "The \"<literal>status</literal>\" file is also used by the tools such as <literal>dpkg</literal>(1), \"<literal>dselect update</literal>\" and \"<literal>apt-get -u dselect-upgrade</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>status</literal>\" ファイルは <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) や \"<literal>dselect update</literal>\" や \"<literal>apt-get -u dselect-upgrade</literal>\" のようなツールによって使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8166 msgid "The specialized search command <literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) can search the local copies of \"<literal>status</literal>\" and \"<literal>available</literal>\" meta data." msgstr "<literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) という専用の検索コマンドを使うと \"<literal>status</literal>\" と \"<literal>available</literal>\" メタデーターのローカルコピーを検索できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8168 msgid "In <ulink url=\"&thedebianinstaller;\">the debian-installer</ulink> environment, the <literal>udpkg</literal> command is used to open <literal>udeb</literal> packages. The <literal>udpkg</literal> command is a stripped down version of the <literal>dpkg</literal> command." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianinstaller;\">デビアンインストーラー</ulink> 環境下では、<literal>udpkg</literal> コマンドが <literal>udeb</literal> パッケージを開けるのに用いられます。<literal>udpkg</literal> コマンドはストリップダウンされたバージョンの <literal>dpkg</literal> コマンドです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8172 msgid "The update-alternative command" msgstr "update-alternative コマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8173 msgid "The Debian system has mechanism to install somewhat overlapping programs peacefully using <literal>update-alternatives</literal>(8). For example, you can make the <literal>vi</literal> command select to run <literal>vim</literal> while installing both <literal>vim</literal> and <literal>nvi</literal> packages." msgstr "Debian システムには <literal>update-alternatives</literal>(8) を用いて何らかの重畳するプログラムを平和裏にインストールするメカニズムがあります。例えば <literal>vim</literal> と <literal>nvi</literal> の両方のパッケージがインストールされた状況下で <literal>vi</literal> コマンドが <literal>vim</literal> を選択して実行するようにできます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8174 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ls -l $(type -p vi)\n" "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2007-03-24 19:05 /usr/bin/vi -> /etc/alternatives/vi\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --display vi\n" "...\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --config vi\n" " Selection Command\n" " ----------------------------------------------\n" " 1 /usr/bin/vim\n" "*+ 2 /usr/bin/nvi\n" "\n" "Enter to keep the default[*], or type selection number: 1" msgstr "" "$ ls -l $(type -p vi)\n" "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2007-03-24 19:05 /usr/bin/vi -> /etc/alternatives/vi\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --display vi\n" "...\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --config vi\n" " Selection Command\n" " ----------------------------------------------\n" " 1 /usr/bin/vim\n" "*+ 2 /usr/bin/nvi\n" "\n" "Enter to keep the default[*], or type selection number: 1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8185 msgid "The Debian alternatives system keeps its selection as symlinks in \"<literal>/etc/alternatives/</literal>\". The selection process uses corresponding file in \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/</literal>\"." msgstr "Debian の代替 (alternatives) システムは、その選択を \"<literal>/etc/alternatives/</literal>\" の中のシムリンクとして保持します。選択プロセスには \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/</literal>\" の中の対応するファイルが使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8188 msgid "The dpkg-statoverride command" msgstr "dpkg-statoverride コマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8189 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Stat overrides</emphasis> provided by the <literal>dpkg-statoverride</literal>(8) command are a way to tell <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) to use a different owner or mode for a <emphasis role=\"strong\">file</emphasis> when a package is installed. If \"<literal>--update</literal>\" is specified and file exists, it is immediately set to the new owner and mode." msgstr "<literal>dpkg-statoverride</literal>(8) コマンドで提供される<emphasis role=\"strong\">状態の上書き</emphasis>は、パッケージをインストールする際に<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル</emphasis>に関して異なる所有者やモードを使うよう <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) に指示する方法です。もし \"<literal>--update</literal>\" が指定されファイルが存在すれば、即座に新たな所有者やモードに設定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8191 msgid "The direct alteration of owner or mode for a <emphasis role=\"strong\">file</emphasis> owned by the package using <literal>chmod</literal> or <literal>chown</literal> commands by the system administrator is reset by the next upgrade of the package." msgstr "パッケージが所有する<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル</emphasis>の所有者やモードをシステム管理者が <literal>chmod</literal> や <literal>chown</literal> コマンドを用いて直接変更しても次のパッケージアップグレードがリセットします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8194 msgid "I use the word <emphasis role=\"strong\">file</emphasis> here, but in reality this can be any filesystem object that <literal>dpkg</literal> handles, including directories, devices, etc." msgstr "ここで<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル</emphasis>と言いましたが、実際には <literal>dpkg</literal> が扱うディレクトリーやデバイス等のいかなるファイルシステムオブジェクトであってもいいです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8198 msgid "The dpkg-divert command" msgstr "dpkg-divert コマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8199 msgid "File <emphasis role=\"strong\">diversions</emphasis> provided by the <literal>dpkg-divert</literal>(8) command are a way of forcing <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) not to install a file into its default location, but to a <emphasis role=\"strong\">diverted</emphasis> location. The use of <literal>dpkg-divert</literal> is meant for the package maintenance scripts. Its casual use by the system administrator is deprecated." msgstr "<literal>dpkg-divert</literal>(8) コマンドによって提供されるファイル<emphasis role=\"strong\">迂回</emphasis>は、ファイルをデフォールトの場所ではなく<emphasis role=\"strong\">迂回</emphasis>した場所にインストールするように <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) にさせます。<literal>dpkg-divert</literal> は本来パッケージメインテナンススクリプトのためのものです。システム管理者がこれを軽々に使うのはお薦めできません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8203 msgid "Recovery from a broken system" msgstr "壊れたシステムからの復元" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8204 msgid "When running <literal>unstable</literal> system, the administrator is expected to recover from broken package management situation." msgstr "<literal>非安定 (unstable)</literal> システムを動かす時には、管理者には壊れたパッケージ管理状況から復元できることが望まれます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8206 msgid "Some methods described here are high risk actions. You have been warned!" msgstr "ここで説明するいくつかの方法は非常にリスクが高いアクションです。警告しましたよ!" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8209 msgid "Incompatibility with old user configuration" msgstr "古いユーザーの設定との非互換性" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8210 msgid "If a desktop GUI program experienced instability after significant upstream version upgrade, you should suspect interferences with old local configuration files created by it. If it is stable under newly created user account, this hypothesis is confirmed. (This is a bug of packaging and usually avoided by the packager.)" msgstr "もしデスクトップ GUI プログラムが上流の大きなバージョンアップグレードの後に不安定性を経験した際には、そのプログラムが作った古いローカル設定ファイルとの干渉を疑うべきです。もし新規作成したユーザーアカウントでそのプログラムが安定なら、この仮説が裏付けられます。(これはパッケージングのバグで、通常パッケージャーによって回避されます。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8211 msgid "To recover stability, you should move corresponding local configuration files and restart the GUI program. You may need to read old configuration file contents to recover configuration information later. (Do not erase them too quickly.)" msgstr "安定性を復元するには、対応するローカル設定ファイルを移動し GUI プログラムを再スタートします。後日設定情報を回復するために古い設定ファイルの内容を読む必要があるかもしれません。(あまり慌てて消去しないようにしましょう。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8214 msgid "Different packages with overlapped files" msgstr "重複するファイルを持つ相異なるパッケージ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8215 msgid "Archive level package management systems, such as <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) or <literal>apt-get</literal>(1), do not even try to install packages with overlapped files using package dependencies (see <xref linkend=\"_package_dependencies\"/>)." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8) や <literal>apt-get</literal>(1) 等の、アーカイブレベルのパッケージ管理システムはパッケージの依存関係を使って重複するファイルを持つファイルのインストールしようとさえしません (<xref linkend=\"_package_dependencies\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8216 msgid "Errors by the package maintainer or deployment of inconsistently mixed source of archives (see <xref linkend=\"_packages_from_mixed_source_of_archives\"/>) by the system administrator may create situation with incorrectly defined package dependencies. When you install a package with overlapped files using <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) or <literal>apt-get</literal>(1) under such situation, <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) which unpacks package ensures to return error to the calling program without overwriting existing files." msgstr "パッケージメインテナによるエラーや、システム管理者による不整合な混合ソースのアーカイブの採用 (<xref linkend=\"_packages_from_mixed_source_of_archives\"/>参照) があった場合には、パッケージ依存関係が誤って定義される事態が発生するかもしれません。そういう状況下で重複するファイルを持つパッケージを <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) や <literal>apt-get</literal>(1) を使ってインストールしようとすると、パッケージを展開する <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) は既存ファイルを上書きすることなく呼ばれたプログラムにエラーを確実に返します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8218 msgid "The use of third party packages introduces significant system risks via maintainer scripts which are run with root privilege and can do anything to your system. The <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) command only protects against overwriting by the unpacking." msgstr "第三者が作成したパッケージを使うと、root 権限で実行されるシステムに関して何でもできるメンテナスクリプトが実行されるので、システムが重大なリスクにさらされます。<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) はパッケージを展開するするさいに上書きする事を防止するだけです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8220 msgid "You can work around such broken installation by removing the old offending package, <literal><old-package></literal>, first." msgstr "そのような壊れたインストール状況は、まず古い問題原因となっているパッケージ <literal><old-package></literal> を削除すれば回避できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8221 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sudo dpkg -P <old-package>" msgstr "$ sudo dpkg -P <old-package>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8224 msgid "Fixing broken package script" msgstr "壊れたパッケージスクリプトの修正" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8225 msgid "When a command in the package script returns error for some reason and the script exits with error, the package management system aborts their action and ends up with partially installed packages. When a package contains bugs in its removal scripts, the package may become impossible to remove and quite nasty." msgstr "パッケージスクリプト内のコマンドが何らかの理由でエラーを返しスクリプトがエラーで終了した場合には、パッケージ管理システムは動作を途中終了するので部分的にインストールされたパッケージのある状況が生まれます。パッケージがその削除スクリプト内にバグを持つ場合には、パッケージが削除不能になりうるので大変厄介です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8226 msgid "For the package script problem of \"<literal><package_name></literal>\", you should look into following package scripts." msgstr "\"<literal><パッケージ名></literal>\" のパッケージスクリプトの問題に関しては、次のパッケージスクリプトの内容を確認するべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8230 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.preinst</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.preinst</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8235 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postinst</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.postinst</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8240 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.prerm</literal>\"" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8245 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postrm</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8249 msgid "Edit the offending package script from the root using following techniques." msgstr "スクリプトの問題原因部分を次のようなテクニックを使い root から編集します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8253 msgid "disable the offending line by preceding \"<literal>#