# TRANSLATION of Debian Reference (tutorial) # Copyright (C) 2009 Osamu Aoki # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. # Translation by Osamu Aoki , 2009. # Partially referenced old translation of 角田 慎一 tsuno#at#ngy.1st.ne.jp for DR1 # All contents are carefully editting by Osamu Aoki. # 「(動詞等の連用形)+ます。」「(名詞等)+です。」調を採用する。 # --> 将来関西弁版をつくるための変換しやすさを取りました。（冗談です） # # 本訳は長母音表記は、1991年6月28日の内閣告示第二号をベースとしている。 # 英語由来のカタカナ用語において、末尾が-er、 -or、-arで終わる場合に # 長音表記をつけることが推奨するスタイルです。 # # 「2音の用語は長音符号を付け、3音以上の用語の場合は（長音符号を）省く」 # 旧来のJIS記述ルールを採用していないのは意図的ですので変更しないでくだ # さい。 # Osamu Aoki , 2010. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Debian Reference v2\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2010-05-25 22:49+0900\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-25 22:46+0900\n" "Last-Translator: Osamu Aoki \n" "Language-Team: Japanese \n" "Language: ja\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Poedit-Bookmarks: 5630,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1\n" "Plural-Forms: none\n" # 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type: Content of the xttcidfontconf entity #. type: Content of the xttcidfontconf entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:776 msgid "http://packages.debian.org/sid/x-ttcidfont-conf" msgstr "http://packages.debian.org/sid/x-ttcidfont-conf" # type: Content of the xwindowmanager entity #. type: Content of the xwindowmanager entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:777 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_window_manager" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウィンドウマネージャ" # type: Content of the xxencode entity #. type: Content of the xxencode entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:779 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xxencode" msgstr "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xxencode" # type: Content of the tex entity #. type: Content of the xz entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:780 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz" msgstr "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz" # type: Content of the yacc entity #. type: Content of the yacc entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:781 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacc" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacc" # type: Content of the yahoo entity #. type: Content of the yahoo entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:782 msgid "http://www.yahoo.com/" msgstr "http://www.yahoo.com/" # type: Content of the zeroconf entity #. type: Content of the zeroconf entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:783 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeroconf" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/APIPA" # type: Content of the zshell entity #. type: Content of the zshell entity #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:784 msgid "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_shell" msgstr "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_Shell" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:786 msgid "en" msgstr "ja" #. type: Content of: #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:788 msgid "Debian Reference" msgstr "Debianリファレンス" # type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:789 msgid "<author> <firstname>Osamu</firstname> <surname>Aoki</surname> </author> <authorinitials>OA</authorinitials>" msgstr "<author> <firstname>修</firstname> <surname>青木</surname> </author> <authorinitials>OA</authorinitials>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:795 msgid "This book is free; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License of any version compliant to the Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG)." msgstr "This book is free; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License of any version compliant to the Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG). (日本語による参考説明:本書はフリーです； Debianフリーソフトウェアガイドライン(DFSG)に適合するいかなるバージョンのGNU General Public Licenseの条件の下ででも再配布や改変をすることを許可します。)" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:797 msgid "<copyright> <year>2007-2009</year> <holder>Osamu Aoki</holder> </copyright>" msgstr "<copyright> <year>2007-2009</year> <holder>Osamu Aoki (青木　修)</holder> </copyright>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:802 msgid "This Debian Reference (v2) (&build-date;) is intended to provide a broad overview of the Debian system as a post-installation user's guide. It covers many aspects of system administration through shell-command examples for non-developers." msgstr "本Debianリファレンス(第2版) (&build-date;) はシステムインストール後のユーザー案内書として、Debian システムの広範な概論を提供します。本書は非開発者を対象にシェルコマンド例を通してシステム管理の多くの局面を説明します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:806 msgid "Preface" msgstr "序章" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:807 msgid "This <ulink url=\"&debianreferenceversionc;\">Debian Reference (version 2)</ulink> (&build-date;) is intended to provide a broad overview of Debian system administration as a post-installation user guide." msgstr "この<ulink url=\"&debianreferenceversionc;\">Debianリファレンス(第2版)</ulink>(&build-date;)はシステムインストール後のユーザー向け案内書としてDebianのシステム管理に関する概論の提供を目指しています。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:808 msgid "The target reader is someone who is willing to learn shell scripts but who is not ready to read all the C sources to figure out how the <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> system works." msgstr "本書が対象とする読者は、<ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>システムがどう機能するかを理解するのに、シェルスクリプトぐらいは学ぶ気はあるが、全てのCのソースまで読む気がない人です。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:810 msgid "Disclaimer" msgstr "免責事項" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:811 msgid "All warranties are disclaimed. All trademarks are property of their respective trademark owners." msgstr "一切保証は致しません。全ての商標はそれぞれの商標の所有者の財産です。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:812 msgid "The Debian system itself is a moving target. This makes its documentation difficult to be current and correct. Although the current unstable version of Debian system was used as the basis for writing this, some contents may be already outdated by the time you read this." msgstr "Debianシステム自体は動く標的です。このため最新状況を反映した正確な記述は困難です。現行の不安定版のDebianシステムを用いて本書は記していますが、皆様が読まれる時点ではすでに記載内容が古くなっているでしょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:813 msgid "Please treat this document as the secondary reference. This document does not replace any authoritative guides. The author and contributors do not take responsibility for consequences of errors, omissions or ambiguity in this document." msgstr "本書はあくまで二次的参考文献として扱って下さい。本書は正式の案内書を置き換えません。著者及び本書への貢献者は本書中の誤謬や欠落や曖昧さが引き起こす結果に一切責任を負いません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:816 msgid "What is Debian" msgstr "Debianとはなにか" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:817 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&debianproject;\">Debian Project</ulink> is an association of individuals who have made common cause to create a free operating system. It's distribution is characterized by the following." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debianproject;\">Debianプロジェクト</ulink>はフリーなオペレーティングシステムを作ろうという共通目的を持った個人の集団です。そのディストリビューションは次の特徴があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:821 msgid "Commitment to the software freedom: <ulink url=\"&debiansocialcontreguidelinesdfsg;\">Debian Social Contract and Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG)</ulink>" msgstr "ソフトウェアの自由へのコミットメント: <ulink url=\"&debiansocialcontreguidelinesdfsg;\">Debian社会契約とDebianフリーソフトウエアーガイドライン(DFSG)</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:826 msgid "Internet based distributed unpaid volunteer effort: <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>" msgstr "インターネット上の分散型の無償ボランティア活動: <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:831 msgid "Large number of pre-compiled high quality softwares" msgstr "多数のプリコンパイルされた高品質のソフトウエアー" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:836 msgid "Focus on stability and security with easy access to the security updates" msgstr "セキュリティーアップデートへの平易なアクセス提供による、安定性とセキュリティーの重視" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:841 msgid "Focus on smooth upgrade to latest softwares with <literal>unstable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> archives" msgstr "不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>やテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブによる、最新のソフトウエアーへの円滑なアップグレードの重視" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:846 msgid "Large number of supported hardware architectures" msgstr "多数のサポートされたハードウエアーアーキテクチャー" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:850 msgid "Free Software pieces in Debian come from <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&bsd;\">BSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&x;\">X</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&isc;\">ISC</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&apache;\">Apache</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&ghostscript;\">Ghostscript</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&commonunixprintingsystem;\">Common Unix Printing System </ulink>, <ulink url=\"&samba;\">Samba</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mozilla;\">Mozilla</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&openofficeorg;\">OpenOffice.org</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&tex;\">TeX</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&latex;\">LaTeX</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&docbook;\">DocBook</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&tcl;\">Tcl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&java;\">Java</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&ruby;\">Ruby</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&php;\">PHP</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&berkeleydb;\">Berkeley DB</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mysql;\">MySQL</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&postgresql;\">PostgreSQL</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&exim;\">Exim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&postfix;\">Postfix</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mutt;\">Mutt</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&freebsd;\">FreeBSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&planj;\">Plan 9</ulink> and many more independent free software projects. Debian integrates this diversity of Free Software into one system." msgstr "Debianの中のフリーソフトウエアー構成要素は、<ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&bsd;\">BSD</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&x;\">X</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&isc;\">ISC</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&apache;\">Apache</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&ghostscript;\">Ghostscript</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&commonunixprintingsystem;\">Common Unix Printing System </ulink>や<ulink url=\"&samba;\">Samba</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&mozilla;\">Mozilla</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&openofficeorg;\">OpenOffice.org</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&tex;\">TeX</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&latex;\">LaTeX</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&docbook;\">DocBook</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&tcl;\">Tcl</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&java;\">Java</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&ruby;\">Ruby</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&php;\">PHP</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&berkeleydb;\">Berkeley DB</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&mysql;\">MySQL</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&postgresql;\">PostgreSQL</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&exim;\">Exim</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&postfix;\">Postfix</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&mutt;\">Mutt</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&freebsd;\">FreeBSD</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&planj;\">Plan 9</ulink>やその他の多くの独立のフリーソフトウエアーのプロジェクトに由来します。Debianはこの多種多様なフリーソフトウエアーを1つのシステムにまとめ上げます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:853 msgid "About this document" msgstr "本書について" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:855 msgid "Guiding rules" msgstr "編集指針" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:856 msgid "Following guiding rules are followed while compiling this document." msgstr "本書の作成にあたり次の編集指針を守りました。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:860 msgid "Provide overview and skip corner cases. (<emphasis role=\"strong\">Big Picture</emphasis>)" msgstr "概論を提供し枝葉末節は省略します。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">全体像</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:865 msgid "Keep It Short and Simple. (<emphasis role=\"strong\">KISS</emphasis>)" msgstr "簡潔を心がけました(<emphasis role=\"strong\">KISS</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:870 msgid "Do not reinvent the wheel. (Use pointers to <emphasis role=\"strong\">the existing references</emphasis>)" msgstr "車輪の再発明をしません。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">既存の参考文献</emphasis>へのポインターの利用)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:875 msgid "Focus on non-GUI tools and consoles. (Use <emphasis role=\"strong\">shell examples</emphasis>)" msgstr "非GUIツールとコンソールを重視します。(<emphasis role=\"strong\">シェル例示</emphasis>を使用)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:880 msgid "Be objective. (Use <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> etc.)" msgstr "客観的であるようにします。(<ulink url=\"&popcon;\">ポプコン</ulink>等の利用)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:885 msgid "I tried to elucidate hierarchical aspects and lower levels of the system." msgstr "私はシステムの階層的側面やシステムの低レベルを明らかにしようとしました。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:889 msgid "Prerequisites" msgstr "前提条件" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:891 msgid "You are expected to make good efforts to seek answers by yourself beyond this documentation. This document only gives efficient starting points." msgstr "本文書だけに頼らず自分で答えを見出す努力をしっかりすることを期待します。本文書は効率的なスタートポイントを提供するだけです。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:893 msgid "You must seek solution by yourself from primary sources." msgstr "一義的情報源から自分自身で解決策を探し出すべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:897 msgid "The Debian site at <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink> for the general information" msgstr "一般的情報は<ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>にあるDebianサイト" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:902 msgid "The documentation under the \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name></literal>\" directory" msgstr "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name></literal>\"ディレクトリー下にある文書" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:907 msgid "The Unix style <emphasis role=\"strong\">manpage</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/man/man.*/'</literal>\"" msgstr "Unixスタイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">マンページ</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/man/man.*/'</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:912 msgid "The GNU style <emphasis role=\"strong\">info page</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/info/'</literal>\"" msgstr "GNUスタイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">infoページ</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> |grep '/info/'</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:917 msgid "The bug report: <ulink url=\"&httpbugsdebianorgpackage_name;\">http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name></ulink>" msgstr "バグレポート: <ulink url=\"&httpbugsdebianorgpackage_name;\">http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name></ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:922 msgid "The Debian Wiki at <ulink url=\"&httpwikidebianorg;\">http://wiki.debian.org/</ulink> for the moving and specific topics" msgstr "変化中の事や特定案件に関しては、<ulink url=\"&httpwikidebianorg;\">http://wiki.debian.org/</ulink>にあるDebianのWiki" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:927 msgid "The HOWTOs from The Linux Documentation Project (TLDP) at <ulink url=\"&httptldporg;\">http://tldp.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httptldporg;\">http://tldp.org/</ulink> にあるLinux文書プロジェクト(TLDP)のHOWTO文書" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:932 msgid "The Single UNIX Specification from the Open Group's The UNIX System Home Page at <ulink url=\"&httpwwwunixorg;\">http://www.unix.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpwwwunixorg;\">http://www.unix.org/</ulink>にあるOpen GroupのThe UNIX System Home PageにあるSingle UNIX Specification" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:937 msgid "The free encyclopedia from Wikipedia at <ulink url=\"&httpwikipediaorg;\">http://wikipedia.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpwikipediaorg;\">http://wikipedia.org/</ulink>にあるWikipediaのフリーの百科事典" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:942 msgid "For detailed documentation, you may need to install the corresponding documentation package named with \"<literal>-doc</literal>\" as its suffix." msgstr "詳細な文書を読むには、\"<literal>-doc</literal>\"をサフィクスとする対応する文書パッケージをインストールする必要があるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:946 msgid "Conventions" msgstr "文書様式" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:947 msgid "This document provides information through the following simplified presentation style with <literal>bash</literal>(1) shell command examples." msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>(1)シェルコマンドの例示をする次のような簡略化した表現スタイルで本書は情報を提供します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:948 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# <command in root account>\n" "$ <command in user account>" msgstr "" "# <rootアカウントからのコマンド>\n" "$ <ユーザーアカウントからのコマンド>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:950 msgid "These shell prompts distinguish account used and correspond to set environment variables as: \"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\" and \"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\". These values are chosen for the sake of readability of this document and are not typical on actual installed system." msgstr "これらのシェルプロンプトは使われるアカウントを区別します。これはちょうど環境変数として: \"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\"と\"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\"を設定した場合に相当します。これらの環境変数値はあくまで本書の読みやすさのためで、実際のインストール済みシステではほとんど見かけません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:952 msgid "See the meaning of the \"<literal>$PS1</literal>\" and \"<literal>$PS2</literal>\" environment variables in <literal>bash</literal>(1)." msgstr "\"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\"と\"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\"という環境変数値の意味は<literal>bash</literal>(1)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:954 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Action</emphasis> required by the system administrator is written in the imperative sentence, e.g. \"Type Enter-key after typing each command string to the shell.\"" msgstr "システム管理者が行うべきアクションは命令文で書かれています: 例えば、「シェルに各コマンド文字列をタイプ後毎にエンターキーをタイプします。」(必ずしも「〜しましょう。」とはせず簡潔に訳しています。)" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:955 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">description</emphasis> column and similar ones in the table may contain a <emphasis role=\"strong\">noun phrase</emphasis> following <ulink url=\"&thepackageshortdiptionconvention;\">the package short description convention</ulink> which drops leading articles such as \"a\" and \"the\". They may alternatively contain an infinitive phrase as a <emphasis role=\"strong\">noun phrase</emphasis> without leading \"to\" following the short command description convention in manpages. These may look funny to some people but are my intentional choices of style to keep this documentation as simple as possible. These <emphasis role=\"strong\">Noun phrases</emphasis> do not capitalize their starting nor end with periods following these short description convention." msgstr "英語では、テーブル中の<emphasis role=\"strong\">説明</emphasis>や類似のコラムには、<ulink url=\"&thepackageshortdiptionconvention;\">パッケージ説明の慣習</ulink>に従い、定冠詞抜も不定冠詞も抜きの<emphasis role=\"strong\">名詞句</emphasis>が入ります。これらには、マンページのコマンドの短い説明の慣習に従った頭の\"to\"抜きの不定詞句が代わりに<emphasis role=\"strong\">名詞句</emphasis>として入ることもあります。変だなとお考えの方もあるとは存じますが、これは本文書をできるだけ簡潔にするための著者の恣意的な文体の選択です。(対応部分を文切り型の名詞句的表現に訳しています。)" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:957 msgid "Proper nouns including command names keeps their case irrespective of their location." msgstr "コマンド名を含めて固有名詞はその位置によらず大文字・小文字の区別を保持します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:959 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">command snippet</emphasis> quoted in a text paragraph is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"." msgstr "本文中に引用される<emphasis role=\"strong\">コマンドの断片</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"のように表現されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:960 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">text data</emphasis> from a configuration file quoted in a text paragraph is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"." msgstr "本文中に設定ファイルから引用された<emphasis role=\"strong\">文字データー</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"のように表現されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:961 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">command</emphasis> is referred by its name in the typewriter font optionally followed by its manpage section number in parenthesis, such as <literal>bash</literal>(1). You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">コマンド</emphasis>はその名前をタイプライターフォントで書き、場合によってはその後ろにマンページのセクション番号を括弧中に入れて書き<literal>bash</literal>(1)のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:962 #, no-wrap msgid "$ man 1 bash" msgstr "$ man 1 bash" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:963 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">manpage</emphasis> is referred by its name in the typewriter font followed by its manpage section number in parenthesis, such as <literal>sources.list</literal>(5). You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">マンページ</emphasis>はその名前をタイプライターフォントで書き、その後ろにマンページのセクション番号を括弧中に入れて書き<literal>sources.list</literal>(5)のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:964 #, no-wrap msgid "$ man 5 sources.list" msgstr "$ man 5 sources.list" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:965 msgid "An <emphasis role=\"strong\">info page</emphasis> is referred by its command snippet in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>info make</literal>\". You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">infoページ</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントというコマンドの断片形式で書き\"<literal>info make</literal>\"のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:966 #, no-wrap msgid "$ info make" msgstr "$ info make" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:967 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">filename</emphasis> is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\". For configuration files, you are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル名</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き\"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\"のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:968 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sensible-pager \"/etc/passwd\"" msgstr "$ sensible-pager \"/etc/passwd\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:969 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">directory name</emphasis> is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\". You are encouraged to explore its contents by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ディレクトリー名</emphasis>はダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き\"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\"のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:970 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc \"/etc/init.d/\"" msgstr "$ mc \"/etc/init.d/\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:971 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">package name</emphasis> is referred by its name in the typewriter font, such as <literal>vim</literal>. You are encouraged to obtain information by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">パッケージ名</emphasis>はその名をタイプライターフォントで書き\"<literal>vim</literal>\"のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:972 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ dpkg -L vim\n" "$ apt-cache show vim\n" "$ aptitude show vim" msgstr "" "$ dpkg -L vim\n" "$ apt-cache show vim\n" "$ aptitude show vim" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:975 msgid "A <emphasis role=\"strong\">documentation</emphasis> may indicate its location by the filename in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\"; or by its <ulink url=\"&url;\">URL</ulink>, such as <ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>. You are encouraged to read the documentation by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">文書</emphasis>は、その場所のファイル名でダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz</literal>\"や\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\"のように表現されたり、その場所の<ulink url=\"&url;\">URL</ulink>で<ulink url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:976 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ zcat \"/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz\" | sensible-pager\n" "$ sensible-browser \"/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html\"\n" "$ sensible-browse \"http://www.debian.org\"" msgstr "" "$ zcat \"/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz\" | sensible-pager\n" "$ sensible-browser \"/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html\"\n" "$ sensible-browse \"http://www.debian.org\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:979 msgid "An <emphasis role=\"strong\">environment variable</emphasis> is referred by its name with leading \"<literal>$</literal>\" in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>$TERM</literal>\". You are encouraged to obtain its current value by typing the following." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">環境変数</emphasis>は、頭に\"<literal>$</literal>\"がついた名前をダブルクォーテションマーク間にタイプライターフォントで書き、\"<literal>$TERM</literal>\"のように表現されます。読者は次の様にタイプして情報を得るように心がけて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:980 #, no-wrap msgid "$ echo \"$TERM\"" msgstr "$ echo \"$TERM\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:983 msgid "Debian BTS" msgstr "Debian BTS" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:984 msgid "Astarisk \"*\" placed right after each package name is linked to <ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian bug tracking system (BTS)</ulink> of each package." msgstr "各パッケージの後ろについている\"*\"は、各パッケージの<ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debianバグトラッキングシステム(BTS)</ulink>にリンクされています。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:987 msgid "The popcon" msgstr "ポプコン" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:988 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> data is presented as the objective measure for the popularity of each package. It was downloaded on &pop-date; and contains the total submission of &pop-submissions; reports over &pop-packages; binary packages and &pop-architectures; architectures." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&popcon;\">ポプコン</ulink>のデーターは各パッケージの客観的人気の指標として提示されいます。それがダウンロードされた日付は&pop-date;で、 &pop-packages;を越すバイナリーパッケージ数と&pop-architectures;のアーキテクチャーにまたがる&pop-submissions;つの提出レポートからなります。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:990 msgid "Please note that the <literal>&arch;</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> archive contains only &all-packages; packages currently. The popcon data contains reports from many old system installations." msgstr "<literal>&arch;</literal>の不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブは現在高々&all-packages;つのパッケージしか含みません。ポプコンデーターは多くの旧式設置システムからのレポートを含みます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:992 msgid "The popcon number preceded with \"V:\" for \"votes\" is calculated by \"100 * (the popcon submissions for the package executed recently on the PC)/(the total popcon submissions)\"." msgstr "\"votes\"を意味する\"V:\"が前についたポプコンの数は\"100 * (PCで最近実行されたパッケージに関するポプコン提出)/(全ポプコン提出)\"として計算される。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:993 msgid "The popcon number preceded with \"I:\" for \"installs\" is calculated by \"100 * (the popcon submissions for the package installed on the PC)/(the total popcon submissions)\"." msgstr "\"installs\"を意味する\"I:\"が前についたポプコンの数は\"100 * (PCにインストールされているパッケージに関するポプコン提出)/(全ポプコン提出)\"として計算される。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:995 msgid "The popcon figures should not be considered as absolute measures of the importance of packages. There are many factors which can skew statistics. For example, some system participating popcon may have mounted directories such as \"<literal>/bin</literal>\" with \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" option for system performance improvement and effectively disabled \"vote\" from such system." msgstr "Popconの数字はパッケージの重要性の絶対指標と考えるべきでません。統計を曲げる多くの因子があります。例えば、Popconに参加しているシステムの一部は\"<literal>/bin</literal>\"などのディレクトリーをシステム性能向上のために\"<literal>noatime</literal>\"オプションでマウントすることで当該システムから\"vote\"することを実質的に禁止しているかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:999 msgid "The package size" msgstr "パッケージサイズ" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1000 msgid "The package size data is also presented as the objective measure for each package. It is based on the \"<literal>Installed-Size:</literal>\" reported by \"<literal>apt-cache show</literal>\" or \"<literal>aptitude show</literal>\" command (currently on <literal>&arch;</literal> architecture for the <literal>unstable</literal> release). The reported size is in KiB (<ulink url=\"&kibibyte;\">Kibibyte</ulink> = unit for 1024 bytes)." msgstr "各パッケージの客観的指標としてパッケージサイズデーターも提供されます。それは\"<literal>apt-cache show</literal>\"や\"<literal>aptitude show</literal>\"コマンドが(現在の<literal>&arch;</literal>アーキテクチャー上の<literal>unstable</literal>リリース上で)表示する\"<literal>Installed-Size:</literal>\"です。サイズはKiB(<ulink url=\"&kibibyte;\">Kibibyte</ulink> = 1024バイト単位)で表示されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1002 msgid "A package with a small numerical package size may indicate that the package in the <literal>unstable</literal> release is a dummy package which installs other packages with significant contents by the dependency. The dummy package enables a smooth transition or split of the package." msgstr "小さなパッケージサイズのパッケージは<literal>unstable</literal>リリース中の当該パッケージが内容のある他パッケージを依存関係でインストールするためのダミーパッケージだからかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1005 msgid "A package size followed by \"(*)\" indicates that the package in the <literal>unstable</literal> release is missing and the package size for the <literal>experimental</literal> release is used instead." msgstr "\"(*)\"が後ろについたパッケージのサイズは、<literal>unstable</literal>リリース中にパッケージが無く<literal>experimental</literal>リリース中のパッケージサイズが代用されたことを示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1009 msgid "Bug reports on this document" msgstr "本書へのバグ報告" # type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1010 msgid "Please file bug reports on the <literal>debian-reference</literal> package using <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) if you find any issues on this document. Please include correction suggestion by \"<literal>diff -u</literal>\" to the plain text version or to the source." msgstr "何かこの文書に問題を発見した場合には、<literal>debian-reference</literal>パッケージに対して<literal>reportbug</literal>(1)を用いてバグ報告をして下さい。プレーンテキストバージョンかソースに対する\"<literal>diff -u</literal>\"による修正提案を含めて下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1014 msgid "Some quotes for new users" msgstr "新規ユーザーへの引用文" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1015 msgid "Here are some interesting quotes from the Debian mailing list which may help enlighten new users." msgstr "新規ユーザーを啓蒙するDebianのメーリングリストで見つけた興味深い引用文を記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1019 msgid "\"This is Unix. It gives you enough rope to hang yourself.\" --- Miquel van Smoorenburg <literal><miquels at cistron.nl></literal>" msgstr "\"This is Unix. It gives you enough rope to hang yourself.\" 「これはUnixです。首を括るのに十分なロープをあてがってくれますよ。」 --- Miquel van Smoorenburg <literal><miquels at cistron.nl></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1024 msgid "\"Unix IS user friendly… It's just selective about who its friends are.\" --- Tollef Fog Heen <literal><tollef at add.no></literal>" msgstr "\"Unix IS user friendly... It's just selective about who its friends are.\" 「Unixはユーザーフレンドリー(使う人に優しい)です... 誰にフレンドリー(優しく)にするかの人見知りするだけです。」 --- Tollef Fog Heen <literal><tollef at add.no></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1031 msgid "GNU/Linux tutorials" msgstr "GNU/Linuxチュートリアル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1032 msgid "I think learning a computer system is like learning a new foreign language. Although tutorial books and documentation are helpful, you have to practice it yourself. In order to help you get started smoothly, I elaborate a few basic points." msgstr "コンピューターシステムを学ぶことは新しい外国語を学ぶことに似ていると考えます。チュートリアルブックは有用ですが、実際に自ら使って学ぶことが必要です。円滑なスタートが出きるように、いくつかの基本的なポイントを説明します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1033 msgid "The powerful design of <ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> comes from the <ulink url=\"&unix;\">Unix</ulink> operating system, i.e., a <ulink url=\"&multiuser;\">multiuser</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&multitasking;\">multitasking</ulink> operating system. You must learn to take advantage of the power of these features and similarities between Unix and GNU/Linux." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>の強力なデザインは<ulink url=\"&multiuser;\">マルチユーザー</ulink>、<ulink url=\"&multitasking;\">マルチタスク</ulink>という<ulink url=\"&unix;\">Unix</ulink>オペレーティングシステムに由来します。これらUnixとGNU/Linuxの特徴や類似点の強力さを活用することを覚えましょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1034 msgid "Don't shy away from Unix oriented texts and don't rely solely on GNU/Linux texts, as this robs you of much useful information." msgstr "Unix対象の文書を避けたり、GNU/Linuxに関する文書だけに頼ることは、有用な情報を見逃すことになるので止めましょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1035 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&ruteuserstutorialandexposition;\">Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition</ulink>\", in the Debian non-free archive as the <literal>rutebook</literal> package (popcon: &pop-rutebook;), provides a good online resource to the generic system administration." msgstr "一般的なシステム管理に関する良好なオンラインリソースは、Debianのnon-freeアーカイブに<literal>rutebook</literal>パッケージ (ポプコン: &pop-rutebook;)としてある\"<ulink url=\"&ruteuserstutorialandexposition;\">Ruteユーザーのためのチュートリアルと解説書(Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition)</ulink>\" が提供しています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1037 msgid "If you have been using any <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system for a while with command line tools, you probably know everything I explain here. Please use this as a reality check and refresher." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix的</ulink>システムをコマンドラインツールで少々使った経験があれば、私がここで説明することはすべてご存知でしょう。リアリティーチェックと記憶を呼び戻すのにこれを使って下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1040 msgid "Console basics" msgstr "コンソールの基礎" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1042 msgid "The shell prompt" msgstr "シェルプロンプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1043 msgid "Upon starting the system, you are presented with the character based login screen if you did not install <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window System</ulink> with the display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal>. Suppose your hostname is <literal>foo</literal>, the login prompt looks as follows." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Windowシステム</ulink>を<literal>gdm</literal>等のディスプレーマネージャーとともにインストールした場合以外には、システム起動の際に文字のloginスクリーンが現れます。あなたのホスト名が<literal>foo</literal>と仮定すると、loginプロンプトは次に示すような見えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1044 #, no-wrap msgid "foo login:" msgstr "foo login:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1045 msgid "If you did install a <ulink url=\"&gui;\">GUI</ulink> environment such as <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, then you can get to a login prompt by Ctrl-Alt-F1, and you can return to the GUI environment via Alt-F7 (see <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/> below for more)." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>のような<ulink url=\"&gui;\">GUI</ulink>環境をインストールした場合には、Ctrl-Alt-F1とすることでloginプロンプトが出て、Alt-F7とすることでGUI環境に戻れます(詳細は下記の<xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1046 msgid "At the login prompt, you type your username, e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, and press the Enter-key, then type your password and press the Enter-key again." msgstr "loginプロンプトであなたのユーザー名(例えば<literal>penguin</literal>)を打鍵しEnterキーを押します。さらにあなたのパスワードを打鍵しEnterキーを再び押します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1048 msgid "Following the Unix tradition, the username and password of the Debian system are case sensitive. The username is usually chosen only from the lowercase. The first user account is usually created during the installation. Additional user accounts can be created with <literal>adduser</literal>(8) by root." msgstr "Unixの伝統に従い、Debianシステムではユーザー名とパスワードに関して大文字小文字の区別をします。ユーザー名は通常小文字のみから選ばれます。最初のユーザーアカウントは通常インストールの際に作られます。追加のユーザーアカウントはrootによって<literal>adduser</literal>(8)を用いて作られます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1050 msgid "The system starts with the greeting message stored in \"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" (Message Of The Day) and presents a command prompt." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" (本日のメッセージ:Message Of The Day)に保存されている歓迎メッセージとコマンドプロンプトを表示しシステムが起動されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1051 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Debian GNU/Linux lenny/sid foo tty1\n" "foo login: penguin\n" "Password:\n" "Last login: Sun Apr 22 09:29:34 2007 on tty1\n" "Linux snoopy 2.6.20-1-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Apr 15 20:25:49 UTC 2007 x86_64\n" "\n" "The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;\n" "the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\n" "individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.\n" "\n" "Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent\n" "permitted by applicable law.\n" "foo:~$" msgstr "" "Debian GNU/Linux lenny/sid foo tty1\n" "foo login: penguin\n" "Password:\n" "Last login: Sun Apr 22 09:29:34 2007 on tty1\n" "Linux snoopy 2.6.20-1-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Apr 15 20:25:49 UTC 2007 x86_64\n" "\n" "The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;\n" "the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\n" "individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.\n" "\n" "Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent\n" "permitted by applicable law.\n" "foo:~$" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1064 msgid "Here, the main part of the greeting message can be customized by editing the \"<literal>/etc/motd.tail</literal>\" file. The first line is generated from the system information using \"<literal>uname -snrvm</literal>\"." msgstr "ここで、Debian GNU/Linuxシステムがフリーソフトで無保証であるという、歓迎メッセージの主要部分は\"<literal>/etc/motd.tail</literal>\"ファイルを編集することでカスタム化できます。最初の行は\"<literal>uname -snrvm</literal>\"用いたシステム情報から生成されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1065 msgid "Now you are in the <ulink url=\"&shell;\">shell</ulink>. The shell interprets your commands." msgstr "これであなたは<ulink url=\"&shell;\">シェル</ulink>の中にいます。シェルはあなたからのコマンドを解釈します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1068 msgid "The shell prompt under X" msgstr "Xの下でのシェルプロンプト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1069 msgid "If you installed <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window System</ulink> with a display manager such as <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>'s <literal>gdm</literal> by selecting \"Desktop environment\" task during the installation, you are presented with the graphical login screen upon starting your system. You type your username and your password to login to the non-privileged user account. Use tab to navigate between username and password, or use the mouse and primary click." msgstr "インストールの際に\"Desktop environment\"タスクを選定し<ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>の<literal>gdm</literal>とともに<ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Windowシステム</ulink>をインストールした場合には、システムの起動するとグラフィカルなloginプロンプトのスクリーンが表示されます。あなたのユーザー名とパスワードを入力することで非特権ユーザーアカウントにloginできます。タブ(tab)を用いたりマウスの第一クリックを用いるとユーザー名とパスワードの間を行き来できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1070 msgid "You can gain the shell prompt under X by starting a <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> program such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) or <literal>xterm</literal>(1). Under the GNOME Desktop environment, clicking \"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Terminal\" does the trick." msgstr "<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1)や<literal>rxvt</literal>(1)や<literal>xterm</literal>(1)のような<literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal>プログラムをXの下で起動するとシェルプロンプトが得られます。GNOMEデスクトップ環境下では、\"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Terminal\"とクリックしてもうまくいきます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1071 msgid "You can also see the section below <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>." msgstr "次の<xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>も参照下さい." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1072 msgid "Under some other Desktop systems (like <literal>fluxbox</literal>), there may be no obvious starting point for the menu. If this happens, just try (right) clicking the center of the screen and hope for a menu to pop-up." msgstr "デスクトップ環境(例えば<literal>fluxbox</literal>)次第ではメニューの起点がよく分からないことがあります。そんな時はスクリーンの中央を(右)クリックしてメニューが表示されることを期待しましょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1075 msgid "The root account" msgstr "rootアカウント" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1076 msgid "The root account is also called <ulink url=\"&superuser;\">superuser</ulink> or privileged user. From this account, you can perform the following system administration tasks." msgstr "rootアカウントは<ulink url=\"&superuser;\">スーパーユーザー</ulink>とか特権ユーザーとも呼ばれます。このアカウントからは次のようなシステム管理活動ができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1080 msgid "Read, write, and remove any files on the system irrespective of their file permissions" msgstr "ファイルパーミッションによらずシステム上の任意ファイルに関しての、読出し・書込み・削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1085 msgid "Set file ownership and permissions of any files on the system" msgstr "システム上のいかなるファイルに関して、ファイルの所有者やパーミッション設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1090 msgid "Set the password of any non-privileged users on the system" msgstr "システム上の非特権ユーザーのパスワードを設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1095 msgid "Login to any accounts without their passwords" msgstr "パスワード無しに任意アカウントへのlogin" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1099 msgid "This unlimited power of root account requires you to be considerate and responsible when using it." msgstr "rootアカウントの権限を使うには、この無制限の権限ゆえ配慮と責任ある行動が求められます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1101 msgid "Never share the root password with others." msgstr "rootのパスワードを他人に決して教えてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1104 msgid "File permissions of a file (including hardware devices such as CD-ROM etc. which are just another file for the Debian system) may render it unusable or inaccessible by non-root users. Although the use of root account is a quick way to test this kind of situation, its resolution should be done through proper setting of file permissions and user's group membership (see <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_permissions\"/>)." msgstr "ファイル(Debianシステムにとってはファイルの一種であるCD-ROM等のハードウエアーデバイスも含む)パーミッションは、非rootユーザーによるそのファイルの使用やアクセスをできなくなくすることがあります。この様な状況の下ではrootアカウントを使うことが簡便なテスト法ですが、問題解決はファイルパーミッションとユーザーのグループのメンバーシップを適切に設定する必要があります(<xref linkend=\"_filesystem_permissions\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1108 msgid "The root shell prompt" msgstr "rootシェルプロンプト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1109 msgid "Here are a few basic methods to gain the root shell prompt by using the root password." msgstr "rootのパスワードを使ってrootのシェルプロンプトを使えるようにする基本的な方法を次に記します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1113 msgid "Type <literal>root</literal> at the character based login prompt." msgstr "文字ベースのログインプロンプトに<literal>root</literal>と入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1118 msgid "Click \"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Root Terminal\", under the GNOME Desktop environment." msgstr "GNOMEデスクトップ環境下で、\"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Root Terminal\"とクリックします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1123 msgid "Type \"<literal>su -l</literal>\" from any user shell prompt." msgstr "どのユーザーシェルプロンプトからでも\"<literal>su -l</literal>\"と入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1128 msgid "This does not preserve the environment of the current user." msgstr "現ユーザーの環境を一切引き継がません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1135 msgid "Type \"<literal>su</literal>\" from any user shell prompt." msgstr "どのユーザーシェルプロンプトからでも\"<literal>su</literal>\"と入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1140 msgid "This preserves some of the environment of the current user." msgstr "現ユーザーの環境を一部引き継ぐ。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1148 msgid "GUI system administration tools" msgstr "GUIのシステム管理ツール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1149 msgid "When your desktop menu does not start GUI system administration tools automatically with the appropriate privilege, you can start them from the root shell prompt of the X terminal emulator, such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1), or <literal>xterm</literal>(1). See <xref linkend=\"_the_root_shell_prompt\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_running_x_clients_as_root\"/>." msgstr "デスクトップのメニューがGUIのシステム管理ツールを適切な権限とともに自動的に起動しない場合、<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1)や<literal>rxvt</literal>(1)や<literal>xterm</literal>(1)のようなXターミナルエミュレーターのrootシェルプロンプトから起動できます。<xref linkend=\"_the_root_shell_prompt\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_running_x_clients_as_root\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1151 msgid "Never start the X display/session manager under the root account by typing in <literal>root</literal> to the prompt of the display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>gdm</literal>(1)等のディスプレーマネージャーのプロンプトに<literal>root</literal>と入力して、Xディスプレー/セッションマネージャーをrootアカウントのもとで決して起動してはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1154 msgid "Never run untrusted remote GUI program under X Window when critical information is displayed since it may eavesdrop your X screen." msgstr "クリチカルな情報が表示されている際には、あなたのXスクリーンを覗き見られるかもしれないのでリモートの信頼できないGUIプログラムを決して実行してはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1158 msgid "Virtual consoles" msgstr "仮想コンソール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1159 msgid "In the default Debian system, there are six switchable <ulink url=\"&vtbaalike;\">VT100-like</ulink> character consoles available to start the command shell directly on the Linux host. Unless you are in a GUI environment, you can switch between the virtual consoles by pressing the <literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> and one of the <literal>F1</literal> — <literal>F6</literal> keys simultaneously. Each character console allows independent login to the account and offers the multiuser environment. This multiuser environment is a great Unix feature, and very addictive." msgstr "デフォールトのDebianシステムでは、6つの切り替え可能な<ulink url=\"&vtbaalike;\">VT100様</ulink>の文字コンソールがあり、Linuxホスト上で直接コマンドシェルを起動できるようになっています。GUI環境下でない場合は、<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal>と<literal>F1</literal> — <literal>F6</literal>の中の一つのキーを同時に押すことで仮想コンソール間の切り替えができます。仮想ターミナルそれぞれに独立したアカウントでログインすることができ、。マルチユーザー環境を提供します。このマルチユーザー環境はUnixの偉大な機能で、癖になります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1160 msgid "If you are under the X Window System, you gain access to the character console 1 by pressing <literal>Ctrl-Alt-F1</literal> key, i.e., the <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>, the <literal>left-Alt-key</literal>, and the <literal>F1-key</literal> are pressed together. You can get back to the X Window System, normally running on the virtual console 7, by pressing <literal>Alt-F7</literal>." msgstr "X Windowシステムの下では、<literal>Ctrl-Alt-F1</literal>キーを押す、つまり<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>と<literal>left-Alt-key</literal>と<literal>F1-key</literal>キーを同時に押すと文字コンソール1にアクセスできます。通常仮想コンソール7で実行されているX Windowシステムへは<literal>Alt-F7</literal>を押すことにより戻れます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1161 msgid "You can alternatively change to another virtual console, e.g. to the console 1, from the commandline." msgstr "これとは別の方法で、例えば仮想ターミナル1という今とは違う仮想ターミナルへの変更がコマンドラインから出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1162 #, no-wrap msgid "# chvt 1" msgstr "# chvt 1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1165 msgid "How to leave the command prompt" msgstr "コマンドプロンプトからの退出方法" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1166 msgid "You type <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>, i.e., the <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal> and the <literal>d-key</literal> pressed together, at the command prompt to close the shell activity. If you are at the character console, you return to the login prompt with this. Even though these control characters are referred as \"control D\" with the upper case, you do not need to press the Shift-key. The short hand expression, <literal>^D</literal>, is also used for <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>. Alternately, you can type \"exit\"." msgstr "コマンドプロンプトで<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>、つまり<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>と<literal>d-key</literal>の同時押しをするとシェルでのアクティビティーを終了できます。文字コンソールの場合は、こうするとloginプロンプト戻ります。これらのコントロール文字は通常\"control D\"と大文字を使って表記されますが、Shiftキーを押す必要はありません。また<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>に関する簡略表記<literal>^D</literal>も使われます。この代わりに\"exit\"とタイプすることができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1167 msgid "If you are at <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal>(1), you can close <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> window with this." msgstr "<literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal>(1)にあっては、このようにすることで<literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> のウィンドウが閉じることができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1170 msgid "How to shutdown the system" msgstr "システムをシャットダウンする方法" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1171 msgid "Just like any other modern OS where the file operation involves <ulink url=\"&cachingdata;\">caching data</ulink> in memory for improved performance, the Debian system needs the proper shutdown procedure before power can safely be turned off. This is to maintain the integrity of files, by forcing all changes in memory to be written to disk. If the software power control is available, the shutdown procedure automatically turns off power of the system. (Otherwise, you may have to press power button for few seconds after the shutdown procedure.)" msgstr "ファイル操作の際にパーフォーマンス向上のためにメモリーへの<ulink url=\"&cachingdata;\">データーのキャッシュ</ulink>がされる他の現代的なOSと同様に、Debianシステムでも電源を安全に切る前に適切なシャットダウン手順を取る必要があります。これはすべてのメモリー上の変更を強制的にディスクに書き出しすことで、ファイルの完全性を維持するためです。ソフトウエアーによる電源コントロールができる場合、シャットダウン手続きはシステムの電源を自動的に落とします。(これがうまくいかない時には、シャットダウン手続きの後で数秒間電源ボタンを押す必要があるかもしれません。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1172 msgid "You can shutdown the system under the normal multiuser mode from the commandline." msgstr "通常のマルチユーザーモードからのシステムのシャットダウンがコマンドラインから出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1173 #, no-wrap msgid "# shutdown -h now" msgstr "# shutdown -h now" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1174 msgid "You can shutdown the system under the single-user mode from the commandline." msgstr "シングルユーザーモードからのシステムのシャットダウンがコマンドラインから出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1175 #, no-wrap msgid "# poweroff -i -f" msgstr "# poweroff -i -f" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1176 msgid "Alternatively, you may type <literal>Ctrl-Alt-Delete</literal> (The <literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>, the <literal>left-Alt-Key</literal>, and the <literal>Delete</literal> are pressed together) to shutdown if \"<literal>/etc/inittab</literal>\" contains \"<literal>ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -h now</literal>\" in it. See <literal>inittab</literal>(5) for details." msgstr "この他に、\"<literal>/etc/inittab</literal>\"に\"<literal>ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -h now</literal>\"と書かれていれば、<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Delete</literal>(<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>と<literal>left-Alt-Key</literal>と<literal>Delete</literal>の同時押し)を入力するシャットダウン方法もあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1177 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_how_to_shutdown_the_remote_system_on_ssh\"/>." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_how_to_shutdown_the_remote_system_on_ssh\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1180 msgid "Recovering a sane console" msgstr "まともなコンソールの復元" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1181 msgid "When the screen goes berserk after doing some funny things such as \"<literal>cat <some-binary-file></literal>\", type \"<literal>reset</literal>\" at the command prompt. You may not be able to see the command echoed as you type. You may also issue \"<literal>clear</literal>\" to clean up the screen." msgstr "例えば\"<literal>cat <some-binary-file></literal>\"のような変な事をした後でスクリーンが無茶苦茶になった場合、コマンドプロンプトに\"<literal>reset</literal>\"と入力して下さい。このときコマンドを入力してもスクリーンには読み取れる表示がされないかもしれません。\"<literal>clear</literal>\"とすればスクリーンが消去できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1184 msgid "Additional package suggestions for the newbie" msgstr "初心者向け追加パッケージの提案" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1185 msgid "Although even the minimal installation of the Debian system without any desktop environment tasks provides the basic Unix functionality, it is a good idea to install few additional commandline and curses based character terminal packages such as <literal>mc</literal> and <literal>vim</literal> with <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) for beginners to get started by the following." msgstr "デスクトップ環境タスク抜きの最小限インストレーションDebianシステムですら基本的なUnix機能は提供されますが、コマンドラインやcursesに基づく<literal>mc</literal>や<literal>vim</literal>等のいくつかの文字ターミナルパッケージを<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)を使って次のように追加インストールすることから始めることを初心者にお薦めします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1186 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# aptitude update\n" " ...\n" "# aptitude install mc vim sudo\n" " ..." msgstr "" "# aptitude update\n" " ...\n" "# aptitude install mc vim sudo\n" " ..." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1190 msgid "If you already had these packages installed, no new packages are installed." msgstr "既にこれらのパッケージがインストールされている場合には、新しいパッケージはインストールされません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1192 msgid "List of interesting text-mode program packages" msgstr "興味あるテキストモードのプログラムパッケージのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1201 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1293 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2672 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5056 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8721 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9072 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9298 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10275 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10345 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10896 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13827 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13981 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14173 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14267 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14758 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14848 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14957 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15111 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15238 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15340 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15823 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debian-reference.en.xmlt:25067 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26057 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26266 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26750 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26917 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27256 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27354 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27458 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27611 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27673 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27808 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28051 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28189 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28269 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28376 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28902 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28961 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:29927 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30001 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30458 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30551 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30674 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30840 msgid "package" msgstr "パッケージ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1204 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1296 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2675 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5059 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8724 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9075 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9301 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10278 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10348 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10899 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11229 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13478 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13741 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13830 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13984 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14176 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14270 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14761 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14851 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14960 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15114 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15241 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15343 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15826 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16018 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16314 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16558 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16970 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17108 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17237 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17516 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17804 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18100 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18468 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18724 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19112 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19172 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19235 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19383 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19706 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:19884 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20625 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:20720 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20943 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21273 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21450 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21689 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22162 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:22411 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22809 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:23177 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23729 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:23835 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23883 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:23946 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24229 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24737 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25070 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26060 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26269 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26753 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26920 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27259 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27357 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27461 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27614 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:27676 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27811 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28054 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28192 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28272 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28379 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28905 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28964 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:29930 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30004 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30461 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30554 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30677 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30843 msgid "popcon" msgstr "ポプコン" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1207 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1299 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2678 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5062 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8727 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9078 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9304 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10281 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10351 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debian-reference.en.xmlt:28275 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28382 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28908 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:28967 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29933 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30007 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30464 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30557 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30680 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30846 msgid "size" msgstr "サイズ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1210 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1302 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2684 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3081 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4134 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4279 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5065 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6046 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6213 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8730 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9084 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9307 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9930 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10354 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10905 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11238 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12833 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debian-reference.en.xmlt:30691 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30697 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30698 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30699 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30705 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30706 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30707 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30858 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30859 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30860 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30869 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30870 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30871 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30880 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30881 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30882 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30891 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30892 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:30893 msgid "DUMMY" msgstr "ダミー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1220 msgid "A text-mode full-screen file manager" msgstr "テキストモードの全画面ファイルマネージャー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1228 msgid "A program to allow limited root privileges to users" msgstr "ユーザーに限定的なroot権限を与えるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1236 msgid "Unix text editor Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor (standard version)" msgstr "UnixテキストエディターVi IMproved(改良版Vi)、プログラマーのためのテキストエディター(標準版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1244 msgid "Unix text editor Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor (compact version)" msgstr "UnixテキストエディターVi IMproved(改良版Vi)、プログラマーのためのテキストエディター(軽量版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1252 msgid "GNU project Emacs, the Lisp based extensible text editor (version 22)" msgstr "GNUプロジェクトEmacs、Lispに基づく拡張可能なテキストエディター(22版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1260 msgid "GNU project Emacs, the Lisp based extensible text editor (version 23)" msgstr "GNUプロジェクトEmacs、Lispに基づく拡張可能なテキストエディター(23版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1268 msgid "Text-mode WWW browsers" msgstr "テキストモードWWWブラウザー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1276 msgid "The Unix style cut-and-paste on the text console (daemon)" msgstr "テキストコンソール上のUnix式のカットアンドペースト(daemon)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1282 msgid "It may be a good idea to read some informative documentations." msgstr "いくつかの参考資料を読むのも良いことです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1284 msgid "List of informative documentation packages" msgstr "有用な文書パッケージのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1312 msgid "Debian Project documentation, (Debian FAQ) and other documents" msgstr "Debianプロジェクトの文書、(Debian FAQ)他" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1320 msgid "Debian Policy Manual and related documents" msgstr "Debianポリシーマニュアルと関連文書" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1328 msgid "Guidelines and information for Debian developers" msgstr "Debian開発者のためのガイドラインと情報" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1336 msgid "Debian New Maintainers' Guide" msgstr "Debian新メンテナ向けガイド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1344 msgid "History of the Debian Project" msgstr "Debianプロジェクトの歴史" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1352 msgid "Debian FAQ" msgstr "Debian FAQ(よくある質問集)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1360 msgid "Linux HOWTOs and FAQ (text)" msgstr "Linux HOWTOとFAQ(テキスト版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1368 msgid "Linux HOWTOs and FAQ (html)" msgstr "Linux HOWTOとFAQ(HTML版)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1376 msgid "The Linux System Administrators' Guide" msgstr "Linuxシステム管理者ガイド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1384 msgid "Linux: Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition (non-free)" msgstr "Linux: Ruteユーザーのためのチュートリアルと解説書(non-free)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1390 msgid "You can install some of these packages by the following." msgstr "これらのパッケージの一部を次のようにしてインストールします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1391 #, no-wrap msgid "# aptitude install package_name" msgstr "# aptitude install package_name" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1394 msgid "An extra user account" msgstr "追加のユーザーアカウント" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1395 msgid "If you do not want to use your main user account for the following training activities, you can create a training user account, e.g. <literal>fish</literal> by the following." msgstr "次の練習のためにあなたのメインのユーザーアカウントを使いたくない場合には、例えば<literal>fish</literal>という追加のユーザーアカウントを作成できます。rootシェルプロンプトで次のように入力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1396 #, no-wrap msgid "# adduser fish" msgstr "# adduser fish" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1397 msgid "Answer all questions." msgstr "すべての質問に返事をします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1398 msgid "This creates a new account named as <literal>fish</literal>. After your practice, you can remove this user account and its home directory by the following." msgstr "こうすることで<literal>fish</literal>という名前の新規アカウントが作られます。練習の後で、このユーザーとそのホームディレクトリーは次のようのすれば削除できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1399 #, no-wrap msgid "# deluser --remove-home fish" msgstr "# deluser --remove-home fish" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1402 msgid "sudo configuration" msgstr "sudoの設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1403 msgid "For the typical single user workstation such as the desktop Debian system on the laptop PC, it is common to deploy simple configuration of <literal>sudo</literal>(8) as follows to let the non-privileged user, e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, to gain administrative privilege just with his user password but without the root password." msgstr "ラップトップPC上のデスクトップのDebianシステム等のような典型的単一ユーザーワークステーションでは次のような単純な<literal>sudo</literal>(8)の設定をして、非特権ユーザー(例えば<literal>penguin</literal>)に管理者権限を(rootパスワードではなく)ユーザー自身のパスワードで与えることがよくあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1404 #, no-wrap msgid "# echo \"penguin ALL=(ALL) ALL\" >> /etc/sudoers" msgstr "# echo \"penguin ALL=(ALL) ALL\" >> /etc/sudoers" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1405 msgid "This trick should only be used for the single user workstation which you administer and where you are the only user." msgstr "このトリックの使用は、単一ユーザーワークステーション上であなた自身が管理者でユーザーである際のみに限るべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1407 msgid "Do not set up accounts of regular users on multiuser workstation like this because it would be very bad for system security." msgstr "システムセキュリティー上非常に悪い事態を招くので、マルチユーザーワークステーション上の通常ユーザーアカウントに対してこの様な設定をしてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1410 msgid "The password and the account of the <literal>penguin</literal> in the above example requires as much protection as the root password and the root account." msgstr "上記例のような<literal>penguin</literal>のパスワードとアカウントはrootパスワードやrootアカウント同様の保護が必要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1413 msgid "Administrative privilege in this context belongs to someone authorized to perform the system administration task on the workstation. Never give some manager in the Admin department of your company or your boss such privilege unless they are authorized and capable." msgstr "この文脈上の管理者権限はワークステーションに関するシステム管理業務をする権限を与えられた人に属します。そのような権限と能力を持っていなければ、あなたの会社の管理部門の管理職や上司とはいえこのような権限を与えてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1416 msgid "For providing access privilege to limited devices and limited files, you should consider to use <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> to provide limited access instead of using the <literal>root</literal> privilege via <literal>sudo</literal>(8)." msgstr "特定デバイスや特定ファイルへのアクセスの権限を与えるには、<literal>sudo</literal>(8)をつかって得た<literal>root</literal>権限を用いるのではなく、<emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis>を使って限定的アクセス与えることを考えるべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1419 msgid "With more thoughtful and careful configuration, <literal>sudo</literal>(8) can grant limited administrative privileges to other users on a shared system without sharing the root password. This can help with accountability with hosts with multiple administrators so you can tell who did what. On the other hand, you might not want anyone else to have such privileges." msgstr "<literal>sudo</literal>(8)を使ってもう少し工夫された注意深い設定をすれば、共有システム上の他のユーザーにrootパスワードを教えること無く限定的管理権限を許可することができます。こうすることは、誰が何をしたかを明らかにするので、複数の管理者がいるホストにおける責任の所在を明らかにします。ただ、誰にもそんな権限を与えたく無いかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1423 msgid "Play time" msgstr "お遊びの時間" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1424 msgid "Now you are ready to play with the Debian system without risks as long as you use the non-privileged user account." msgstr "非特権ユーザーアカウントを使う限り全くリスク無くDebianシステムでお遊びをする準備万端です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1425 msgid "This is because the Debian system is, even after the default installation, configured with proper file permissions which prevent non-privileged users from damaging the system. Of course, there may still be some holes which can be exploited but those who worry about these issues should not be reading this section but should be reading <ulink url=\"&securingdebianmanual;\">Securing Debian Manual</ulink>." msgstr "何故なら、たとえデフォールトのインストール後ですらDebianシステムは非特権ユーザーがシステムに損害を与えられないように的確なファイルパーミッションが設定されているからです。もちろん悪用可能な穴が残っているかもしれませんが、こんな問題まで心配する人はこのセクションを読んでいるべきではなく、<ulink url=\"&securingdebianmanual;\">Securing Debian Manual</ulink>を読むべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1426 msgid "We learn the Debian system as a <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system with the following." msgstr "Debianシステムを<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix的</ulink>システムとして次に学びましょう:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1429 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_filesystem\"/> (basic concept)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_filesystem\"/>(基本コンセプト)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1433 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_midnight_commander_mc\"/> (survival method)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_midnight_commander_mc\"/>(サバイバル手法)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1437 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_the_basic_unix_like_work_environment\"/> (basic method)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_the_basic_unix_like_work_environment\"/>(基本手法)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1441 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_the_simple_shell_command\"/> (shell mechanism)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_the_simple_shell_command\"/>(シェルのメカニズム)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1445 msgid "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_text_processing\"/> (text processing method)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_text_processing\"/>(文字処理手法)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1452 msgid "Unix-like filesystem" msgstr "Unix-likeファイルシステム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1453 msgid "In GNU/Linux and other <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> operating systems, <ulink url=\"&files;\">files</ulink> are organized into <ulink url=\"&directories;\">directories</ulink>. All files and directories are arranged in one big tree rooted at \"<literal>/</literal>\". It's called a tree because if you draw the filesystem, it looks like a tree but it is upside down." msgstr "GNU/Linuxや他の<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix的</ulink>オペレーティングシステムでは、<ulink url=\"&files;\">ファイル</ulink>は<ulink url=\"&directories;\">ディレクトリー</ulink>に整理されています。すべてのファイルやディレクトリーは、\"<literal>/</literal>\"を根(root)に持つ一本の大きな木(ツリー)のようにアレンジされています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1454 msgid "These files and directories can be spread out over several devices. <literal>mount</literal>(8) serves to attach the filesystem found on some device to the big file tree. Conversely, <literal>umount</literal>(8) detaches it again. On recent Linux kernels, <literal>mount</literal>(8) with some options can bind part of a file tree somewhere else or can mount filesystem as shared, private, slave, or unbindable. Supported mount options for each filesystem are available in \"<literal>/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/</literal>\"." msgstr "このようなファイルやディレクトリーはいくつかのデバイスに展開することができます。あるデバイス上にあるファイルシステムを大きなファイルツリーにマウントするのに<literal>mount</literal>(8)が使われます。その逆に、それを切り離すのに<literal>umount</literal>(8)が使われます。最近のLinuxカーネルでは、<literal>mount</literal>(8)をオプションとともに用いると、ファイルツリーの一部を別のところと結びつけたり、共有・非共有・従属・バインド不可としてファイルシステムをマウントもできます。各ファイルシステムごとの使用可能なマウントオプションは\"<literal>/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/</literal>\"にあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1455 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Directories</emphasis> on Unix systems are called <emphasis role=\"strong\">folders</emphasis> on some other systems. Please also note that there is no concept for <emphasis role=\"strong\">drive</emphasis> such as \"<literal>A:</literal>\" on any Unix system. There is one filesystem, and everything is included. This is a huge advantage compared to Windows." msgstr "Unixシステム上の<emphasis role=\"strong\">ディレクトリー</emphasis>は、一部の他システム上では<emphasis role=\"strong\">フォルダ</emphasis>と呼ばれます。Unixシステム上では\"<literal>A:</literal>\"のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">ドライブ</emphasis>というコンセプトが無いこと覚えておいて下さい。単一のファイルシステムがあって、そこにすべてが含まれています。これはWindowsと比べた際の大きな利点です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1457 msgid "Unix file basics" msgstr "Unixファイルの基礎" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1458 msgid "Here are some Unix file basics." msgstr "Unixファイルの基礎は以下です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1462 msgid "Filenames are <emphasis role=\"strong\">case sensitive</emphasis>. That is, \"<literal>MYFILE</literal>\" and \"<literal>MyFile</literal>\" are different files." msgstr "ファイル名は<emphasis role=\"strong\">大文字と小文字を区別</emphasis>します。\"<literal>MYFILE</literal>\"と\"<literal>MyFile</literal>\"は異なるファイルです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1467 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">root directory</emphasis> means root of the filesystem referred as simply \"<literal>/</literal>\". Don't confuse this with the home directory for the root user: \"<literal>/root</literal>\"." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ルートディレクトリー</emphasis>はフィルシステムの根(ルート、root)を意味して、単に\"<literal>/</literal>\"と記載されます。これをrootユーザーのホームディレクトリー\"<literal>/root</literal>\"とは混同しないで下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1472 msgid "Every directory has a name which can contain any letters or symbols <emphasis role=\"strong\">except \"<literal>/</literal>\"</emphasis>. The root directory is an exception; its name is \"<literal>/</literal>\" (pronounced \"slash\" or \"the root directory\") and it cannot be renamed." msgstr "全てのディレクトリーには<emphasis role=\"strong\">\"<literal>/</literal>\"以外</emphasis>の文字・記号からなる名前がついています。ルートディレクトリーは例外で、その名前は\"<literal>/</literal>\"(\"スラッシュ\"とか\"ルートディレクトリー\"と読まれます)でその名前を変えることはできません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1477 msgid "Each file or directory is designated by a <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"strong\">absolute filename</emphasis>, or <emphasis role=\"strong\">path</emphasis>, giving the sequence of directories which must be passed through to reach it. The three terms are synonymous." msgstr "各ファイルやディレクトリーは、たどっていくとファイルに到達するディレクトリーの列が示される、<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis>とか<emphasis role=\"strong\">絶対ファイル名</emphasis>とか<emphasis role=\"strong\">パス</emphasis>により指定されます。これらの3つの表現は同義語です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1482 msgid "All <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filenames</emphasis> begin with the \"<literal>/</literal>\" directory, and there's a \"<literal>/</literal>\" between each directory or file in the filename. The first \"<literal>/</literal>\" is the top level directory, and the other \"<literal>/</literal>\"'s separate successive subdirectories, until we reach the last entry which is the name of the actual file. The words used here can be confusing. Take the following <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis> as an example: \"<literal>/usr/share/keytables/us.map.gz</literal>\". However, people also refers to its basename \"<literal>us.map.gz</literal>\" alone as a filename." msgstr "全ての<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis>は\"<literal>/</literal>\"ディレクトリーで始まり、ファイル名中の各ディレクトリーやファイル名の間には\"<literal>/</literal>\"がはさまります。最初の\"<literal>/</literal>\"は ディレクトリー名です。その他の\"<literal>/</literal>\"は、次のサブディレクトリーとの区別をします。そして最後には実際のファイルの名前がきます。ちょっと混乱しそうですので、次の<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis> の例をご覧下さい: \"<literal>/usr/share/keytables/us.map.gz</literal>\"。 一方このベース名である、\"<literal>us.map.gz</literal>\"だけをファイル名と呼ぶ人もあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1487 msgid "The root directory has a number of branches, such as \"<literal>/etc/</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/</literal>\". These subdirectories in turn branch into still more subdirectories, such as \"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\". The whole thing viewed collectively is called the <emphasis role=\"strong\">directory tree</emphasis>. You can think of an absolute filename as a route from the base of the tree (\"<literal>/</literal>\") to the end of some branch (a file). You also hear people talk about the directory tree as if it were a <emphasis role=\"strong\">family</emphasis> tree: thus subdirectories have <emphasis role=\"strong\">parents</emphasis>, and a path shows the complete ancestry of a file. There are also relative paths that begin somewhere other than the root directory. You should remember that the directory \"<literal>../</literal>\" refers to the parent directory. This terminology also applies to other directory like structures, such as hierarchical data structures." msgstr "ルートファイルシステムは\"<literal>/etc/</literal>\"や\"<literal>/usr/</literal>\"のような複数の枝を持ちます。これらのサブディレクトリーもまた\"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\"や\"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\"のように、さらにサブディレクトリーに枝別れします。これらの全体をまとめて<emphasis role=\"strong\">ディレクトリーツリー</emphasis>と呼びます。絶対ファイル名はツリーの根元(\"<literal>/</literal>\")から枝の先 (ファイル) までの経路として考えることもできます。また、あたかもディレクトリーツリーを<emphasis role=\"strong\">家系</emphasis>図のように人が話すのを聞いたことがあるでしょう。あたかもそれぞれのサブディレクトリーに<emphasis role=\"strong\">親</emphasis>があるとし、パスはファイルの完全な祖先の系図のように表現します。ルートディレクトリーではない他の場所から始まる相対パスもあります。ディレクトリー\"<literal>../</literal>\"は親ディレクトリーを参照していることを覚えておきましょう。このような呼び方はディレクトリーのような構造を持つ他の階層的ツリー状のデーター構造体でもよく使われます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1492 msgid "There's no special directory path name component that corresponds to a physical device, such as your hard disk. This differs from <ulink url=\"&rtbb;\">RT-11</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&cpm;\">CP/M</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&openvms;\">OpenVMS</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&msdos;\">MS-DOS</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&amigaos;\">AmigaOS</ulink>, and <ulink url=\"µsoftwindows;\">Microsoft Windows</ulink>, where the path contains a device name such as \"<literal>C:\\</literal>\". (However, directory entries do exist that refer to physical devices as a part of the normal filesystem. See <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_internals\"/>.)" msgstr "ハードディスクのような物理デバイスに対応したパス名の要素は存在しません。ここが、パス名に\"<literal>C:\\</literal>\"のようなデバイス名が含まれる<ulink url=\"&rtbb;\">RT-11</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&cpm;\">CP/M</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&openvms;\">OpenVMS</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&msdos;\">MS-DOS</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&amigaos;\">AmigaOS</ulink>や<ulink url=\"µsoftwindows;\">Microsoft Windows</ulink>と違う点です。(但し、通常のファイルシステム中に物理デバイスを示すディレクトリー項目はあります。<xref linkend=\"_filesystem_internals\"/>参照。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1497 msgid "While you <emphasis role=\"strong\">can</emphasis> use almost any letters or symbols in a file name, in practice it is a bad idea to do so. It is better to avoid any characters that often have special meanings on the command line, including spaces, tabs, newlines, and other special characters: <literal>{ } ( ) [ ] ' ` \" \\ / > < | ; ! # & ^ * % @ $</literal> . If you want to separate words in a name, good choices are the period, hyphen, and underscore. You could also capitalize each word, \"<literal>LikeThis</literal>\". Experienced Linux users tend to avoid spaces in filenames." msgstr "ほとんど全ての文字や記号をファイル名中に<emphasis role=\"strong\">使えます</emphasis>が、実際そうすることは賢明ではありません。スペースやタブや改行や他の特殊文字:<literal>{ } ( ) [ ] ' ` \" \\ / > < | ; ! # & ^ * % @ $</literal>はコマンドラインで特別な意味を持つので避けるべきです。名前の中の単語間には、ピリオドやハイフンや下線を選んで区別します。各語頭を\"<literal>LikeThis</literal>\"のように語頭を大文字にすることもできます。経験を積んだLinuxのユーザーはファイル名中にスペースが入ることを避けます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1500 msgid "The word \"root\" can mean either \"root user\" or \"root directory\". The context of their usage should make it clear." msgstr "\"root\"(ルート)と言う言葉は\"rootユーザー\"と言う意味でも\"ルートディレクトリー\"と言う意味でも使われます。それがいずれかは使われている文脈から明かです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1503 msgid "The word <emphasis role=\"strong\">path</emphasis> is used not only for <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis> as above but also for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">command search path</emphasis>. The intended meaning is usually clear from the context." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">パス</emphasis>と言う言葉は上述の<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全に記述したファイル名</emphasis>に関して使われるばかりではなく<emphasis role=\"strong\">コマンドサーチパス</emphasis>にも使われます。どちらの意味かは文脈から明かです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1505 msgid "The detailed best practices for the file hierarchy are described in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/debian-policy/fhs/fhs-2.3.txt.gz</literal>\" and <literal>hier</literal>(7)). You should remember the following facts as the starter." msgstr "ファイル階層について詳細に学ぶ最も良い方法は、Filesystem Hierarchy Standard(\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/debian-policy/fhs/fhs-2.3.txt.gz</literal>\"や<literal>hier</literal>(7))に記述されています。手始めとして次の事実を覚えるべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1507 msgid "List of usage of key directories" msgstr "重要ディレクトリーの使い方のリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1514 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1691 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9470 msgid "directory" msgstr "ディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1517 msgid "usage of the directory" msgstr "ディレクトリーの用途" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1524 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3908 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6402 msgid "<literal>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1527 msgid "the root directory" msgstr "ルートディレクトリー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1532 msgid "<literal>/etc/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/etc/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1535 msgid "system wide configuration files" msgstr "システム全体の設定ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1540 msgid "<literal>/var/log/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1543 msgid "system log files" msgstr "システムのログファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1548 msgid "<literal>/home/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/home/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1551 msgid "all the home directories for all non-privileged users" msgstr "全ての非特権ユーザーのホームディレクトリー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1559 msgid "Filesystem internals" msgstr "ファイルシステムの内側" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1560 msgid "Following the <emphasis role=\"strong\">Unix tradition</emphasis>, the Debian GNU/Linux system provides the <ulink url=\"&filesystem;\">filesystem</ulink> under which physical data on hard disks and other storage devices reside, and the interaction with the hardware devices such as console screens and remote serial consoles are represented in an unified manner under \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\"." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Unixの伝統</emphasis>に従い、Debian/Linux システムはハードディスクや他のストレージデバイス上に存在する物理データーを表す<ulink url=\"&filesystem;\">ファイルシステム</ulink>を提供し、コンソールスクリーンやリモートのシリアルコンソールなどのハードウェアデバイスとの相互作用が\"<literal>/dev/</literal>\"の下に統一された形式で表されています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1561 msgid "Each file, directory, named pipe (a way two programs can share data), or physical device on a Debian GNU/Linux system has a data structure called an <ulink url=\"&inode;\">inode</ulink> which describes its associated attributes such as the user who owns it (owner), the group that it belongs to, the time last accessed, etc. If you are really interested, see \"<literal>/usr/include/linux/fs.h</literal>\" for the exact definition of \"<literal>struct inode</literal>\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system. The idea of representing just about everything in the filesystem was a Unix innovation, and modern Linux kernels have developed this idea ever further. Now, even information about processes running in the computer can be found in the filesystem." msgstr "Debian/Linuxシステム上の、各々のファイルやディレクトリーや名前付きパイプ(2つのプログラムがデーターを共有する方法)や物理デバイスは、それぞれの所有者(owner)やデーターが所属するグループ(group)や最終アクセス時間などの付帯属性(attribute)を記述する<ulink url=\"&inode;\">inode</ulink>と呼ばれるデーター構造を持ちます。 Debian GNU/Linux システムでの inode 構造 の正確な定義を知るには、\"<literal>/usr/include/linux/fs.h</literal>\" をご覧下さい。 ほとんど全てをファイルシステム表現しようというアイデアはUnixの発明でしたし、現代的なLinuxカーネルはこのアイデアを一歩進めています。コンピューター上で実行されているプロセス情報さえファイルシステム中に見つけられます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1562 msgid "This abstract and unified representation of physical entities and internal processes is very powerful since this allows us to use the same command for the same kind of operation on many totally different devices. It is even possible to change the way the kernel works by writing data to special files that are linked to running processes." msgstr "このような物理的実体と内部プロセスの抽象的かつ統一された表現は非常にパワフルなので、多くの全く異なるデバイスに同じコマンドを使用して同種の操作が行えます。実行中のプロセスに繋がった特殊なファイルにデーターを書き込むことでカーネルが如何に動作するかまで変更できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1564 msgid "If you need to identify the correspondence between the file tree and the physical entity, execute <literal>mount</literal>(8) with no arguments." msgstr "ファイルツリーや物理的実体の間の関係を確認する必要がある際には、<literal>mount</literal>(8)を引数無しで実行して下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1568 msgid "Filesystem permissions" msgstr "ファイルシステムのパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1569 msgid "<ulink url=\"&filesystempermissions;\">Filesystem permissions</ulink> of <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system are defined for three categories of affected users." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix的</ulink>システムの<ulink url=\"&filesystempermissions;\">ファイルシステムのパーミッション</ulink>は次の3つの影響されるユーザーのカテゴリーのために定義されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1573 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis> who owns the file (<emphasis role=\"strong\">u</emphasis>)" msgstr "ファイルを所有する<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー(user)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">u</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1578 msgid "Other users in the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> which the file belongs to (<emphasis role=\"strong\">g</emphasis>)" msgstr "ファイルが所属する<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ(group)</emphasis>中の他ユーザー(<emphasis role=\"strong\">g</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1583 msgid "All <emphasis role=\"strong\">other</emphasis> users (<emphasis role=\"strong\">o</emphasis>) also referred to as \"world\" and \"everyone\"" msgstr "\"世界\"や\"全員\"とも呼ばれる、全<emphasis role=\"strong\">他ユーザー(other)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">o</emphasis>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1587 msgid "For the file, each corresponding permission allows following actions." msgstr "ファイルでは、それぞれに対応するパーミッションは次のようになります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1591 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permission allows owner to examine contents of the file." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">読出し(read)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>)パーミッションはファイル内容確認を可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1596 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permission allows owner to modify the file." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み(write)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>)パーミッションはファイル内容変更を可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1601 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permission allows owner to run the file as a command." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行(execute)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)パーミッションはファイルをコマンド実行を可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1605 msgid "For the directory, each corresponding permission allows following actions." msgstr "ディレクトリーでは、対応するパーミッションはそれぞれ次のようになります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1609 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permission allows owner to list contents of the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">読出し(read)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>)パーミッションはディレクトリー内容リストを可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1614 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permission allows owner to add or remove files in the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み(write)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>)パーミッションはディレクトリーへのファイルの追加削除を可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1619 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permission allows owner to access files in the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行(execute)</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)パーミッションはディレクトリー内のファイルへのアクセスを可能にします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1623 msgid "Here, the <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> permission on a directory means not only to allow reading of files in that directory but also to allow viewing their attributes, such as the size and the modification time." msgstr "ここで、ディレクトリーに関する<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行(execute)</emphasis>パーミッションとはディレクトリー内のファイルへの読出しを許可するのみならず、サイズや変更時間のようなアトリビュート閲覧を許可します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1624 msgid "<literal>ls</literal>(1) is used to display permission information (and more) for files and directories. When it is invoked with the \"<literal>-l</literal>\" option, it displays the following information in the order given." msgstr "ファイルやディレクトリーのパーミッション情報他を表示するには、<literal>ls</literal>(1)が使われます。\"<literal>-l</literal>\"オプション付きでこれを実行すると、次の情報がこの順序で表示されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1627 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Type of file</emphasis> (first character)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイルのタイプ</emphasis>(最初の文字)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1632 msgid "Access <emphasis role=\"strong\">permission</emphasis> of the file (nine characters, consisting of three characters each for user, group, and other in this order)" msgstr "ファイルのアクセス<emphasis role=\"strong\">パーミッション</emphasis>(次の9文字。ユーザーとグループと他者の順にそれぞれに対して3文字から構成されている) " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1636 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Number of hard links</emphasis> to the file" msgstr "ファイルへの<emphasis role=\"strong\">ハードリンク数</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1641 msgid "Name of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis> who owns the file" msgstr "ファイルを所有する<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユ-ザー(user)</emphasis>の名前" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1646 msgid "Name of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> which the file belongs to" msgstr "ファイルが所属する<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ(group)</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1650 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Size</emphasis> of the file in characters (bytes)" msgstr "ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">サイズ</emphasis>(文字数、バイト)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1654 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Date and time</emphasis> of the file (mtime)" msgstr "ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">日時</emphasis>(mtime)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1658 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Name</emphasis> of the file" msgstr "ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">名前</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1663 msgid "List of the first character of \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" output" msgstr "\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\"の出力の最初の文字のリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1670 msgid "character" msgstr "文字" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1673 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1791 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3672 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9230 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9752 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10044 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11898 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12317 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12481 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18574 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25702 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:25943 msgid "meaning" msgstr "意味" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1680 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6322 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24471 msgid "<literal>-</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1683 msgid "normal file" msgstr "通常ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1688 msgid "<literal>d</literal>" msgstr "<literal>d</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1696 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6394 msgid "<literal>l</literal>" msgstr "<literal>l</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1699 msgid "symlink" msgstr "シムリンク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1704 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4527 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4530 msgid "<literal>c</literal>" msgstr "<literal>c</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1707 msgid "character device node" msgstr "文字デバイス名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1712 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20557 msgid "<literal>b</literal>" msgstr "<literal>b</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1715 msgid "block device node" msgstr "ブロックデバイス名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1720 msgid "<literal>p</literal>" msgstr "<literal>p</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1723 msgid "named pipe" msgstr "名前付きパイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1728 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20542 msgid "<literal>s</literal>" msgstr "<literal>s</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1731 msgid "socket" msgstr "ソケット" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1737 msgid "<literal>chown</literal>(1) is used from the root account to change the owner of the file. <literal>chgrp</literal>(1) is used from the file's owner or root account to change the group of the file. <literal>chmod</literal>(1) is used from the file's owner or root account to change file and directory access permissions. Basic syntax to manipulate a <literal>foo</literal> file is the following." msgstr "rootアカウントから<literal>chown</literal>(1)を使用することでファイルの所有者を変更します。ファイルの所有者又はrootアカウントから<literal>chgrp</literal>(1)を使用することでファイルのグループを変更します。ファイルの所有者又はrootアカウントから<literal>chmod</literal>(1)を使用することでファイルやディレクトリーのアクセスパーミッションを変更します。<literal>foo</literal>ファイルの操作の基本的文法は次の通り。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1738 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# chown <newowner> foo\n" "# chgrp <newgroup> foo\n" "# chmod [ugoa][+-=][rwxXst][,...] foo" msgstr "" "# chown <newowner> foo\n" "# chgrp <newgroup> foo\n" "# chmod [ugoa][+-=][rwxXst][,...] foo" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1741 msgid "For example, you can make a directory tree to be owned by a user <literal>foo</literal> and shared by a group <literal>bar</literal> by the following." msgstr "例えば次のようにするとディレクトリーツリーの所有者をユーザー<literal>foo</literal>に変更しグループ<literal>bar</literal>で共有できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1742 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# cd /some/location/\n" "# chown -R foo:bar .\n" "# chmod -R ug+rwX,o=rX ." msgstr "" "# cd /some/location/\n" "# chown -R foo:bar .\n" "# chmod -R ug+rwX,o=rX ." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1745 msgid "There are three more special permission bits." msgstr "更に特殊なパーミッションビットが3つ存在します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1749 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> bit (<emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> instead of user's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットユーザーID</emphasis>ビット(ユーザーの<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>に代えて<emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis>か<emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1754 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> bit (<emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> instead of group's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループID</emphasis>ビット(グループの<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>に代えて<emphasis role=\"strong\">s</emphasis>か<emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1759 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky</emphasis> bit (<emphasis role=\"strong\">t</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">T</emphasis> instead of other's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティッキ</emphasis>ビット(他ユーザーの<emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>に代えて<emphasis role=\"strong\">t</emphasis>か<emphasis role=\"strong\">T</emphasis>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1763 msgid "Here the output of \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" for these bits is <emphasis role=\"strong\">capitalized</emphasis> if execution bits hidden by these outputs are <emphasis role=\"strong\">unset</emphasis>." msgstr "ここで、これらのビットの\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\"のアウトプットはこれらの出力によってかくされた実行ビットが<emphasis role=\"strong\">非設定(unset)</emphasis>の場合<emphasis role=\"strong\">大文字</emphasis>となります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1764 msgid "Setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> on an executable file allows a user to execute the executable file with the owner ID of the file (for example <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>). Similarly, setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> on an executable file allows a user to execute the executable file with the group ID of the file (for example <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>). Because these settings can cause security risks, enabling them requires extra caution." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットユーザーID</emphasis>を実行ファイルにセットすると、ユーザーはファイルの所有者ID(例えば、<emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>) を使って実行ファイルを実行することを許可されます。同様に、<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループID</emphasis>を実行ファイルにセットすると、ユーザーはファイルのグループID(例えば、<emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>) を使って実行ファイルを実行することを許可されます。これらの設定はセキュリティーを破壊するリスクを引き起こすので、これらのビットを有効にするには特別な注意が必要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1765 msgid "Setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> on a directory enables the <ulink url=\"&bsdlike;\">BSD-like</ulink> file creation scheme where all files created in the directory belong to the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> of the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループID</emphasis>sをディレクトリーに対して有効にすると、ディレクトリーに作成した全ファイルがディレクトリーの<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ</emphasis>に所属するという<ulink url=\"&bsdlike;\">BSD的</ulink>ファイル生成手法が有効になります。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1766 msgid "Setting the <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> on a directory prevents a file in the directory from being removed by a user who is not the owner of the file. In order to secure contents of a file in world-writable directories such as \"<literal>/tmp</literal>\" or in group-writable directories, one must not only reset the <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> permission for the file but also set the <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> on the directory. Otherwise, the file can be removed and a new file can be created with the same name by any user who has write access to the directory." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティッキビット</emphasis>をディレクトリーに対して有効にすると、ディレクトリーにあるファイルがファイルの所有者以外から削除されるのを防ぎます。\"<literal>/tmp</literal>\"のような全員書込み可能ディレクトリーやグループ書込み可能なディレクトリーなどのにあるファイルの内容を安全にするためには、<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み</emphasis>パーミッションを無効にするだけでなく、ディレクトリーに<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティッキビット</emphasis>もセットする必要があります。さもなければ、ディレクトリーに書込みアクセスできるユーザーにより、ファイルが削除され、同じ名前で新規ファイルが作成されることを許してしまいます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1767 msgid "Here are a few interesting examples of file permissions." msgstr "ファイルパーミッションの興味ある例を次にいくつか示します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1768 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ls -l /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /dev/ppp /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "crw------- 1 root root 108, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ppp\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1427 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/passwd\n" "-rw-r----- 1 root shadow 943 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/shadow\n" "-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 700056 2007-04-22 05:29 /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "$ ls -ld /tmp /var/tmp /usr/local /var/mail /usr/src\n" "drwxrwxrwt 10 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:59 /tmp\n" "drwxrwsr-x 10 root staff 4096 2007-03-24 18:48 /usr/local\n" "drwxrwsr-x 4 root src 4096 2007-04-27 00:31 /usr/src\n" "drwxrwsr-x 2 root mail 4096 2007-03-28 23:33 /var/mail\n" "drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:11 /var/tmp" msgstr "" "$ ls -l /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /dev/ppp /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "crw------- 1 root root 108, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ppp\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1427 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/passwd\n" "-rw-r----- 1 root shadow 943 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/shadow\n" "-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 700056 2007-04-22 05:29 /usr/sbin/exim4\n" "$ ls -ld /tmp /var/tmp /usr/local /var/mail /usr/src\n" "drwxrwxrwt 10 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:59 /tmp\n" "drwxrwsr-x 10 root staff 4096 2007-03-24 18:48 /usr/local\n" "drwxrwsr-x 4 root src 4096 2007-04-27 00:31 /usr/src\n" "drwxrwsr-x 2 root mail 4096 2007-03-28 23:33 /var/mail\n" "drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 2007-04-29 07:11 /var/tmp" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1779 msgid "There is an alternative numeric mode to describe file permissions with <literal>chmod</literal>(1). This numeric mode uses 3 to 4 digit wide octal (radix=8) numbers." msgstr "<literal>chmod</literal>(1)を用いて、ファイルパーミッションを記述するためのもう一つの数字モードが存在します。この数字モードは8進数を使った3桁から4桁の数字を用います。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1781 msgid "The numeric mode for file permissions in <literal>chmod</literal>(1) commands" msgstr "<literal>chmod</literal>(1)コマンドで用いられるファイルパーミッションの数字モード" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1788 msgid "digit" msgstr "数字" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1798 msgid "1st optional digit" msgstr "1桁目(任意)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1801 msgid "sum of <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> (=2), and <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> (=1)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットユーザーID</emphasis> (=4)と<emphasis role=\"strong\">セットグループID</emphasis> (=2)と<emphasis role=\"strong\">スティキービット</emphasis> (=1)の和" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1806 msgid "2nd digit" msgstr "2桁目" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1809 msgid "sum of <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (=2), and <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (=1) permissions for <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー</emphasis>に関する、<emphasis role=\"strong\">読出し(read)</emphasis> (=4)と<emphasis role=\"strong\">書込み(write)</emphasis> (=2)と<emphasis role=\"strong\">実行(execute)</emphasis> (=1)のファイルパーミッションの和" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1814 msgid "3rd digit" msgstr "3桁目" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1817 msgid "ditto for <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">グループ</emphasis>に関して、同上" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1822 msgid "4th digit" msgstr "4桁目" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1825 msgid "ditto for <emphasis role=\"strong\">other</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ユーザー</emphasis>に関して、同上" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1831 msgid "This sounds complicated but it is actually quite simple. If you look at the first few (2-10) columns from \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" command output and read it as a binary (radix=2) representation of file permissions (\"-\" being \"0\" and \"rwx\" being \"1\"), the last 3 digit of the numeric mode value should make sense as an octal (radix=8) representation of file permissions to you." msgstr "これは複雑に聞こえるかもしれませんが、実際は本当にシンプルです。\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\"コマンドの出力の最初の数列(2〜10列)を見て、それをファイルパーミッションのバイナリー表記(2進数)(\"-\"を\"0\"、\"rwx\"を\"1\"\"-\")として読むと、この数字モードの値はファイルパーミッションの8進数表現として意味を持ちます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1832 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2198 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3035 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3058 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3598 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4040 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4252 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4327 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4684 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4732 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4797 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4812 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13575 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16212 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19017 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24165 msgid "For example, try the following" msgstr "例えば、次を試してみて下さい:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1833 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ touch foo bar\n" "$ chmod u=rw,go=r foo\n" "$ chmod 644 bar\n" "$ ls -l foo bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:22 bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:22 foo" msgstr "" "$ touch foo bar\n" "$ chmod u=rw,go=r foo\n" "$ chmod 644 bar\n" "$ ls -l foo bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:22 bar\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:22 foo" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1840 msgid "If you need to access information displayed by \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" in shell script, you should use pertinent commands such as <literal>test</literal>(1), <literal>stat</literal>(1) and <literal>readlink</literal>(1). The shell builtin such as \"<literal>[</literal>\" or \"<literal>test</literal>\" may be used too." msgstr "シェルスクリプトから\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\"で表示される情報にアクセスする必要がある際には、<literal>test</literal>(1)や<literal>stat</literal>(1)や<literal>readlink</literal>(1)のような適切なコマンドの使用を考えるべきです。シェル組込みコマンドの\"<literal>[</literal>\"や\"<literal>test</literal>\"を使うのも手です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1844 msgid "Control of permissions for newly created files: umask" msgstr "新規作成ファイルのパーミッションのコントロール:umask" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1845 msgid "What permissions are applied to a newly created file or directory is restricted by the <literal>umask</literal> shell builtin command. See <literal>dash</literal>(1), <literal>bash</literal>(1), and <literal>builtins</literal>(7)." msgstr "新規作成ファイルのやディレクトリーに適用されるパーミッションは<literal>umask</literal>シェル組込みコマンドを使うことにより制限できます。<literal>dash</literal>(1)か<literal>bash</literal>(1)か<literal>builtins</literal>(7)をご覧下さい。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1846 #, no-wrap msgid " (file permissions) = (requested file permissions) & ~(umask value)" msgstr " (ファイルパーミッション) = (要求されたパーミッション) & ~(umask値)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1848 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">umask</emphasis> value examples" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">umask</emphasis>値の例" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1857 msgid "umask" msgstr "umask" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1860 msgid "file permissions created" msgstr "作成されるファイルパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1863 msgid "directory permissions created" msgstr "作成されるディレクトリーパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1866 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26393 msgid "usage" msgstr "使い方" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1873 msgid "<literal>0022</literal>" msgstr "<literal>0022</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1876 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9940 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9974 msgid "<literal>-rw-r--r--</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rw-r--r--</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1879 msgid "<literal>-rwxr-xr-x</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rwxr-xr-x</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1882 msgid "writable only by the user" msgstr "ユーザーのみにより書込み可" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1887 msgid "<literal>0002</literal>" msgstr "<literal>0002</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1890 msgid "<literal>-rw-rw-r--</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rw-rw-r--</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1893 msgid "<literal>-rwxrwxr-x</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-rwxrwxr-x</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1896 msgid "writable by the group" msgstr "グループにより書込み可" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1902 msgid "The Debian system uses a user private group (UPG) scheme as its default. A UPG is created whenever a new user is added to the system. A UPG has the same name as the user for which it was created and that user is the only member of the UPG. UPG scheme makes it is safe to set umask to <literal>0002</literal> since every user has their own private group. (In some Unix variants, it is quite common to setup all normal users belonging to a single <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>users</literal></emphasis> group and is good idea to set umask to <literal>0022</literal> for security in such cases.)" msgstr "Debianシステムはユーザー専用グループ(UPG)方式がデフォールト方式です。新規ユーザーがシステムに追加される毎にUPGは作成されます。UPGはそのグループを作成したユーザーと同じ名前を持ち、そのユーザーがUPGの唯一のメンバーです。UPG方式では、全ユーザーが各自専用のグループを持つのでumaskを<literal>0002</literal>と設定しても安全です。(一部Unix系システムでは全一般ユーザーを1つの<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>users</literal></emphasis>グループに所属させることがよく行われます。そのような場合には安全のため<literal>0022</literal>とumaskを設定します。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1905 msgid "Permissions for groups of users (group)" msgstr "ユーザーのグループ(group)のパーミッション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1906 msgid "In order to make group permissions to be applied to a particular user, that user needs to be made a member of the group using \"<literal>sudo vigr</literal>\"." msgstr "グループパーミッションを特定ユーザーに適用するには、\"<literal>sudo vigr</literal>\"を用いてそのユーザーをグループのメンバーにする必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1908 msgid "Alternatively, you may dynamically add users to groups during the authentication process by adding \"<literal>auth optional pam_group.so</literal>\" line to \"<literal>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</literal>\" and setting \"<literal>/etc/security/group.conf</literal>\". (See <xref linkend=\"_authentication\"/>.)" msgstr "もし\"<literal>auth optional pam_group.so</literal>\"行が\"<literal>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</literal>\"に書き加えれ、\"<literal>/etc/security/group.conf</literal>\"に対応する設定がされていれば、実際のユーザーのグループメンバーシップは動的に割り当てられます。(<xref linkend=\"_authentication\"/>参照。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1910 msgid "The hardware devices are just another kind of file on the Debian system. If you have problems accessing devices such as CD-ROM and USB memory stick from a user account, you should make that user a member of the relevant group." msgstr "ハードウエアーデバイスはDebianシステム上では一種のファイルでしかありません。CD-ROMやUSBメモリースティックのようなデバイスをユーザーアカウントからアクセスするのに問題があった場合にはそのユーザーを適切なグループのメンバーにします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1911 msgid "Some notable system-provided groups allow their members to access particular files and devices without <literal>root</literal> privilege." msgstr "いくつかのシステムが供給するグループはそのメンバーに<literal>root</literal>権限無しに特定のファイルやデバイスにアクセスすることを可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1913 msgid "List of notable system-provided groups for file access" msgstr "ファイルアクセスのためにシステムが供給する特記すべきグループのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1920 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2007 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9927 msgid "group" msgstr "グループ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1923 msgid "description for accessible files and devices" msgstr "アクセスできるファイルやデバイスの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1930 msgid "<literal>dialout</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dialout</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1933 msgid "full and direct access to serial ports (\"<literal>/dev/ttyS[0-3]</literal>\")" msgstr "シリアルポート (\"<literal>/dev/ttyS[0-3]</literal>\")への全面的かつ直接のアクセス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1938 msgid "<literal>dip</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dip</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1941 msgid "limited access to serial ports for <emphasis role=\"strong\">Dialup IP</emphasis> connection to trusted peers" msgstr "信頼できるピアーに<emphasis role=\"strong\">ダイヤルアップIP</emphasis>接続をするためのシリアルポートへの制限付きアクセス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1946 msgid "<literal>cdrom</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cdrom</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1949 msgid "CD-ROM, DVD+/-RW drives" msgstr "CD-ROMやDVD+/-RWのドライバー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1954 msgid "<literal>audio</literal>" msgstr "<literal>audio</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1957 msgid "audio device" msgstr "音声デバイス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1962 msgid "<literal>video</literal>" msgstr "<literal>video</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1965 msgid "video device" msgstr "映像デバイス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1970 msgid "<literal>scanner</literal>" msgstr "<literal>scanner</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1973 msgid "scanner(s)" msgstr "スキャナー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1978 msgid "<literal>adm</literal>" msgstr "<literal>adm</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1981 msgid "system monitoring logs" msgstr "システムモニターのログ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1986 msgid "<literal>staff</literal>" msgstr "<literal>staff</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1989 msgid "some directories for junior administrative work: \"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\", \"<literal>/home</literal>\"" msgstr "下級管理業務のためのディレクトリー: \"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\"、\"<literal>/home</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1996 msgid "You need to belong to the <literal>dialout</literal> group to reconfigure modem, dial anywhere, etc. But if <literal>root</literal> creates pre-defined configuration files for trusted peers in \"<literal>/etc/ppp/peers/</literal>\", you only need to belong to the <literal>dip</literal> group to create <emphasis role=\"strong\">Dialup IP</emphasis> connection to those trusted peers using <literal>pppd</literal>(8), <literal>pon</literal>(1), and <literal>poff</literal>(1) commands." msgstr "モデムの設定をしたりどこにでも電話したり等するには<literal>dialout</literal>グループに所属する必要があります。もし信頼できるピアーに関する事前定義された設定ファイル\"<literal>/etc/ppp/peers/</literal>\"が<literal>root</literal>によって作成されていると、<literal>dip</literal>グループに属するだけで<literal>pppd</literal>(8)や<literal>pon</literal>(1)や<literal>poff</literal>(1)コマンドを用いて<emphasis role=\"strong\">ダイヤルアップIP</emphasis>接続が作成できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1998 msgid "Some notable system-provided groups allow their members to execute particular commands without <literal>root</literal> privilege." msgstr "いくつかのシステムが供給するグループはそのメンバーに<literal>root</literal>権限無しに特定のコマンドを実行することを可能にします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2000 msgid "List of notable system provided groups for particular command executions" msgstr "特定コマンド実行のためにシステムが供給する特記すべきグループのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2010 msgid "accessible commands" msgstr "実行可能なコマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2017 msgid "<literal>sudo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sudo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2020 msgid "execute <literal>sudo</literal> without their password" msgstr "パスワード無しに<literal>sudo</literal>を実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2025 msgid "<literal>lpadmin</literal>" msgstr "<literal>lpadmin</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2028 msgid "execute commands to add, modify, and remove printers from printer databases" msgstr "プリンターのデーターベースからプリンターを追加・変更・削除するコマンドを実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2033 msgid "<literal>plugdev</literal>" msgstr "<literal>plugdev</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2036 msgid "execute <literal>pmount</literal>(1) for removable devices such as USB memories" msgstr "USBメモリーのようなリムーバブルデバイスに関して<literal>pmount</literal>(1)を実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2042 msgid "For the full listing of the system provided users and groups, see the recent version of the \"Users and Groups\" document in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\" provided by the <literal>base-passwd</literal> package." msgstr "システムが供給するユーザーやグループの完全なリストは、<literal>base-passwd</literal>パッケージが供給する\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\"の中にある最新バージョンの\"Users and Groups\"文書を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2043 msgid "See <literal>passwd</literal>(5), <literal>group</literal>(5), <literal>shadow</literal>(5), <literal>newgrp</literal>(1), <literal>vipw</literal>(8), <literal>vigr</literal>(8), and <literal>pam_group</literal>(8) for management commands of the user and group system." msgstr "ユーザーやグループシステムを管理するコマンドは<literal>passwd</literal>(5)や<literal>group</literal>(5)や<literal>shadow</literal>(5)や<literal>newgrp</literal>(1)や<literal>vipw</literal>(8)や<literal>vigr</literal>(8)や<literal>pam_group</literal>(8)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2046 msgid "Timestamps" msgstr "タイムスタンプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2047 msgid "There are three types of timestamps for a GNU/Linux file." msgstr "GNU/Linuxファイルのタイムスタンプには3種類あります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2049 msgid "List of types of timestamps" msgstr "タイムスタンプのタイプのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2056 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11235 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13836 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14767 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15120 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16474 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17522 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17810 msgid "type" msgstr "タイプ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2066 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2069 msgid "the file modification time (<literal>ls -l</literal>)" msgstr "ファイル内容変更時間(<literal>ls -l</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2074 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2077 msgid "the file status change time (<literal>ls -lc</literal>)" msgstr "ファイル状態変更時間(<literal>ls -lc</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2082 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2085 msgid "the last file access time (<literal>ls -lu</literal>)" msgstr "ファイル最終アクセス時間 (<literal>ls -lu</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2092 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> is not file creation time." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>はファイル作成日時ではありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2097 msgid "Overwriting a file changes all of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>, and <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> attributes of the file." msgstr "ファイルが上書きされると、ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>と<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>と<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>の属性すべてが変更されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2102 msgid "Changing ownership or permission of a file changes the <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> attributes of the file." msgstr "ファイルの所有者やパーミッションの変更をすると、ファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>や<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> アトリビュートを変えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2107 msgid "Reading a file changes the <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> of the file." msgstr "ファイルを読むとファイルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>が変更されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2112 msgid "Even simply reading a file on the Debian system normally causes a file write operation to update <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> information in the <emphasis role=\"strong\">inode</emphasis>. Mounting a filesystem with \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" or \"<literal>relatime</literal>\" option makes the system skip this operation and results in faster file access for the read. This is often recommended for laptops, because it reduces hard drive activity and saves power. See <literal>mount</literal>(8)." msgstr "Debianシステム上のファイルを単に読むだけで<emphasis role=\"strong\">inode</emphasis>中の<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>情報を更新する書込みオペレーションが通常引き起こされることを覚えておいて下さい。ファイルシステムを\"<literal>noatime</literal>\"や\"<literal>relatime</literal>\"オプションを用いてマウントすることでシステムはこのようなオペレーションをしなくなるので、ファイルへの読出しアクセスを高速化できます。ハードディスクの活動を抑えパワーの節約ができるのでこのような設定はラップトップ向けに推奨されます。<literal>mount</literal>(8)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2114 msgid "Use <literal>touch</literal>(1) command to change timestamps of existing files." msgstr "既存ファイルのタイムスタンプを変更するには<literal>touch</literal>(1)コマンドを使って下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2115 msgid "For timestamps, the <literal>ls</literal> command outputs different strings under the modern English locale (\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\") from under the old one (\"<literal>C</literal>\")." msgstr "タイムスタンプに関して、現代の英語ロケール(\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\")では旧式の英語ロケール(\"<literal>C</literal>\")と違った文字列が<literal>ls</literal>コマンドから出力されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2116 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 2008-03-05 00:47 foo\n" "$ LANG=C ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 Mar 5 00:47 foo" msgstr "" "$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 2008-03-05 00:47 foo\n" "$ LANG=C ls -l foo\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 Mar 5 00:47 foo" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2121 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_customized_display_of_time_and_date\"/> to customize \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" output." msgstr "\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\"の出力のカスタム化は<xref linkend=\"_customized_display_of_time_and_date\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2125 msgid "Links" msgstr "リンク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2126 msgid "There are two methods of associating a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" with a different filename \"<literal>bar</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>foo</literal>\"というファイルを異なるファイル名\"<literal>bar</literal>\"に結びつけるのには2つの方法があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2130 msgid "<ulink url=\"&hardlink;\">Hard link</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&hardlink;\">ハードリンク</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2135 msgid "Duplicate name for an existing file" msgstr "既存ファイルの重複名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2140 msgid "\"<literal>ln foo bar</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>ln foo bar</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2147 msgid "<ulink url=\"&symboliclinkorsymlink;\">Symbolic link or symlink</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&symboliclinkorsymlink;\">シンボリックリンクもしくはシムリンク</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2152 msgid "Special file that points to another file by name" msgstr "他のファイルをその名前で指す特殊ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2157 msgid "\"<literal>ln -s foo bar</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>ln -s foo bar</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2163 msgid "See the following example for changes in link counts and the subtle differences in the result of the <literal>rm</literal> command." msgstr "リンク数の変化と<literal>rm</literal>コマンドの結果の微妙な違いについての次の例をご覧下さい。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2164 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo \"Original Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ ln foo bar # hard link\n" "$ ln -s foo baz # symlink\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ rm foo\n" "$ echo \"New Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398540 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:17 foo\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Original Content\n" "$ cat baz\n" "New Content" msgstr "" "$ echo \"Original Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ ln foo bar # hard link\n" "$ ln -s foo baz # symlink\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n" "$ rm foo\n" "$ echo \"New Content\" > foo\n" "$ ls -li foo bar baz\n" "2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n" "2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin 3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -> foo\n" "2398540 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:17 foo\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Original Content\n" "$ cat baz\n" "New Content" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2183 msgid "The hardlink can be made within the same filesystem and shares the same inode number which the \"<literal>-i</literal>\" option with <literal>ls</literal>(1) reveals." msgstr "ハードリンクは同一ファイルシステム内に作れ、<literal>ls</literal>(1)コマンドに\"<literal>-i</literal>\"オプションを使って表示されるinode番号が同じです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2184 msgid "The symlink always has nominal file access permissions of \"<literal>rwxrwxrwx</literal>\", as shown in the above example, with the effective access permissions dictated by permissions of the file that it points to." msgstr "シンボリックリンクは上の例に示したように、常にファイルアクセスパーミッション\"<literal>rwxrwxrwx</literal>\"を持ちますので、シンボリックリンクが指すファイルのアクセスパーミッションが有効ファイルアクセスパーミッションとなります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2186 msgid "It is generally good idea not to create complicated symbolic links or hardlinks at all unless you have a very good reason. It may cause nightmares where the logical combination of the symbolic links results in loops in the filesystem." msgstr "もし特段の理由がないなら複雑なシンボリックリンクやハードリンクを作らない方が一般的には良いでしょう。シンボリックリンクの論理的組み合わせがファイルシステム中でループになっているという悪夢を引き起こすかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2189 msgid "It is generally preferable to use symbolic links rather than hardlinks unless you have a good reason for using a hardlink." msgstr "もしハードリンクを使う特段の理由がなければ、ハードリンクよりシンボリックリンクを使う方が一般的には良いでしょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2191 msgid "The \"<literal>.</literal>\" directory links to the directory that it appears in, thus the link count of any new directory starts at 2. The \"<literal>..</literal>\" directory links to the parent directory, thus the link count of the directory increases with the addition of new subdirectories." msgstr "\"<literal>.</literal>\"ディレクトリーは、それ自身が中にあるディレクトリーとリンクしていますので、新規ディレクトリーのリンク数は2から始まります。\"<literal>..</literal>\"ディレクトリーは親ディレクトリーとリンクしているので、ディレクトリーのリンク数は新規サブディレクトリーの増加に伴い増加します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2192 msgid "If you are just moving to Linux from Windows, it soon becomes clear how well-designed the filename linking of Unix is, compared with the nearest Windows equivalent of \"shortcuts\". Because it is implemented in the filesystem, applications can't see any difference between a linked file and the original. In the case of hardlinks, there really is no difference." msgstr "もし最近あなたがWindowsからLinuxに移動してきたなら、Unixのファイル名のリンクはWindows上でもっとも似ている\"shortcuts\"との比較で如何にうまくできているかにすぐ気づくでしょう。ファイルシステム中に実装されているのでアプリケーションからはリンクされたファイルなのかオリジナルなのかの区別がつきません。ハードリンクの場合は実際全く違いはありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2195 msgid "Named pipes (FIFOs)" msgstr "名前付きパイプ(FIFO)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2196 msgid "A <ulink url=\"&namedpipe;\">named pipe</ulink> is a file that acts like a pipe. You put something into the file, and it comes out the other end. Thus it's called a FIFO, or First-In-First-Out: the first thing you put in the pipe is the first thing to come out the other end." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&namedpipe;\">名前付きパイプ</ulink>は、パイプのように働くファイルです。何かをファイルに入れると、もう一方の端からそれが出てきます。こうしてこれはFIFOまたはFirst-In-First-Out(先入れ先出し)と呼ばれます。つまり、最初にパイプに入れられたものが最初にもう一方の端から出てきます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2197 msgid "If you write to a named pipe, the process which is writing to the pipe doesn't terminate until the information being written is read from the pipe. If you read from a named pipe, the reading process waits until there is nothing to read before terminating. The size of the pipe is always zero --- it does not store data, it just links two processes like the shell \"<literal>|</literal>\". However, since this pipe has a name, the two processes don't have to be on the same command line or even be run by the same user. Pipes were a very influential innovation of Unix." msgstr "名前付きパイプに書き込んむ場合、パイプに書き込んむプロセスは情報がパイプから読出されるまで終了しません。名前付きパイプから読み出す場合、読出すプロセス何か読出すものが無くなるまで終了するのを待ちます。パイプのサイズは常に 0 です。 -- 名前付きパイプはデーターを保存せず、 シェルの\"<literal>|</literal>\"のように2つのプロセスをリンクするだけです。しかし、このパイプは名前を持つので、2つのプロセスは同じコマンドラインになくても良いし、同じユーザーにより実行される必要さえありません。パイプはUnixの非常に影響力ある発明でした。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2199 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ cd; mkfifo mypipe\n" "$ echo \"hello\" >mypipe & # put into background\n" "[1] 8022\n" "$ ls -l mypipe\n" "prw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 0 2007-04-29 08:25 mypipe\n" "$ cat mypipe\n" "hello\n" "[1]+ Done echo \"hello\" >mypipe\n" "$ ls mypipe\n" "mypipe\n" "$ rm mypipe" msgstr "" "$ cd; mkfifo mypipe\n" "$ echo \"hello\" >mypipe & # put into background\n" "[1] 8022\n" "$ ls -l mypipe\n" "prw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 0 2007-04-29 08:25 mypipe\n" "$ cat mypipe\n" "hello\n" "[1]+ Done echo \"hello\" >mypipe\n" "$ ls mypipe\n" "mypipe\n" "$ rm mypipe" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2212 msgid "Sockets" msgstr "ソケット" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2213 msgid "Sockets are used extensively by all the Internet communication, databases, and the operating system itself. It is similar to the named pipe (FIFO) and allows processes to exchange information even between different computers. For the socket, those processes do not need to be running at the same time nor to be running as the children of the same ancestor process. This is the endpoint for <ulink url=\"&theinterprocesscommunicationipc;\">the inter process communication (IPC)</ulink>. The exchange of information may occur over the network between different hosts. The two most common ones are <ulink url=\"&theinternetsocket;\">the Internet socket</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&theunixdomainsocket;\">the Unix domain socket</ulink>." msgstr "ソケットはインターネットのコミュニケーションやデーターベースやオペレーティングシステム自身によって頻繁に使われます。ソケットは名前つきパイプ(FIFO)に似ており、異なるコンピューター間でさえプロセス間の情報交換を可能にします。ソケットにとって、これらのプロセスは同時に実行する必要も、同じ祖先プロセスの子供である必要もありません。これは<ulink url=\"&theinterprocesscommunicationipc;\">プロセス間通信(IPC)</ulink>の終端点です。ネットワーク越しで異なるホストの間で情報の交換をすることも可能です。2つの典型的なソケットは、<ulink url=\"&theinternetsocket;\">インターネットソケット</ulink>と<ulink url=\"&theunixdomainsocket;\">Unixドメインソケット</ulink>です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2215 msgid "\"<literal>netstat -an</literal>\" provides a very useful overview of sockets that are open on a given system." msgstr "\"<literal>netstat -an</literal>\"を実行すると特定のシステム上のソケットの全般状況がよく分かります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2219 msgid "Device files" msgstr "デバイスファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2220 msgid "<ulink url=\"&devicefiles;\">Device files</ulink> refer to physical or virtual devices on your system, such as your hard disk, video card, screen, or keyboard. An example of a virtual device is the console, represented by \"<literal>/dev/console</literal>\"." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&devicefiles;\">デバイスファイル</ulink>は、システム上のハードディスク、ビデオカード、ディスプレー、キーボードなどの物理デバイス又は仮想デバイス等を意味します。仮想デバイスの例として\"<literal>/dev/console</literal>\"として表されるコンソールがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2221 msgid "There are 2 types of device files." msgstr "2タイプのデバイスファイルがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2225 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Character device</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">文字デバイス</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2230 msgid "Accessed one character at a time" msgstr "1文字毎にアクセス可能" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2235 msgid "1 character = 1 byte" msgstr "1文字 = 1バイト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2240 msgid "E.g. keyboard device, serial port, …" msgstr "例: キーボードデバイス、シリアルポート等" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2247 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Block device</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ブロックデバイス</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2252 msgid "accessed in larger units called blocks" msgstr "比較的大きなブロック単位でアクセス可能" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2257 msgid "1 block > 1 byte" msgstr "1ブロック > 1バイト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2262 msgid "E.g. hard disk, …" msgstr "例: ハードディスク等" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2268 msgid "You can read and write device files, though the file may well contain binary data which may be an incomprehensible-to-humans gibberish. Writing data directly to these files is sometimes useful for the troubleshooting of hardware connections. For example, you can dump a text file to the printer device \"<literal>/dev/lp0</literal>\" or send modem commands to the appropriate serial port \"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\". But, unless this is done carefully, it may cause a major disaster. So be cautious." msgstr "デバイスファイルの読出し書込みが可能ですが、人間にとっては意味不明のバイナリーデーターがファイル中に多分含まれています。データーを直接デバイスファイルに書き込むことは時々ハードウェアの接続に関するトラブルシュートに役立ちます。例えば、プリンタデバイス\"<literal>/dev/lp0</literal>\"にテキストファイルをダンプしたり、 適切なシリアルポート\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\"にモデムコマンドを送ることができます。しかし、注意深くやらないと、大災害をもたらすことがあります。くれぐれも気をつけて下さい。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2270 msgid "For the normal access to a printer, use <literal>lp</literal>(1)." msgstr "通常のプリンターへのアクセスは<literal>lp</literal>(1)を使います。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2272 msgid "The device node number are displayed by executing <literal>ls</literal>(1) as the following." msgstr "次のように<literal>ls</literal>(1)を実行するとデバイスノード番号が表示されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2273 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ls -l /dev/hda /dev/ttyS0 /dev/zero\n" "brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 3, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/hda\n" "crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ttyS0\n" "crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/zero" msgstr "" "$ ls -l /dev/hda /dev/ttyS0 /dev/zero\n" "brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 3, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/hda\n" "crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ttyS0\n" "crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/zero" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2280 msgid "\"<literal>/dev/hda</literal>\" has the major device number 3 and the minor device number 0. This is read/write accessible by the user who belongs to <literal>cdrom</literal> group." msgstr "\"<literal>/dev/hda</literal>\"はメジャーデバイス番号3とマイナーデバイス番号0を持ちます。これは<literal>cdrom</literal>グループに所属するユーザーにより、読出し/書込みアクセスが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2285 msgid "\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" has the major device number 4 and the minor device number 64. This is read/write accessible by the user who belongs to <literal>dialout</literal> group." msgstr "\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" はメジャーデバイス番号4とマイナーデバイス番号64を持ちます。これは<literal>dialout</literal>グループに所属するユーザーにより、読出し/書込みアクセスが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2290 msgid "\"<literal>/dev/zero</literal>\" has the major device number 1 and the minor device number 5. This is read/write accessible by anyone." msgstr "\"<literal>/dev/zero</literal>\" はメジャーデバイス番号1とマイナーデバイス番号5を持ちます。これは誰によっても読出し/書込みアクセスが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2294 msgid "In the Linux 2.6 system, the filesystem under \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\" is automatically populated by the <literal>udev</literal>(7) mechanism." msgstr "Linux 2.6システムでは、\"<literal>/dev/</literal>\"の下のファイルは<literal>udev</literal>(7)メカニズムで自動的に充足されます。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2297 msgid "Special device files" msgstr "特別なデバイスファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2298 msgid "There are some special device files." msgstr "いくつかの特別なデバイスファイルがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2300 msgid "List of special device files" msgstr "スペシャルなデバイスファイルのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2308 msgid "device file" msgstr "デバイスファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2311 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2963 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7290 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12272 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12874 msgid "action" msgstr "アクション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2314 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20134 msgid "description of response" msgstr "レスポンスの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2321 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2332 msgid "<literal>/dev/null</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/null</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2324 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2346 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2357 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2368 msgid "read" msgstr "読出し" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2327 msgid "return \"end-of-file (EOF) character\"" msgstr "\"行末(EOF)文字\"を返す" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2379 msgid "write" msgstr "書込み" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2338 msgid "return nothing (a bottomless data dump pit)" msgstr "何も返さず(底なしのデーターのゴミ捨て場)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2343 msgid "<literal>/dev/zero</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/zero</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2349 msgid "return \"the <literal>\\0</literal> (NUL) character\" (not the same as the number zero ASCII)" msgstr "\"<literal>\\0</literal> (NUL)文字\"を返す(ASCIIの数字のゼロとは違う)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2354 msgid "<literal>/dev/random</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/random</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2360 msgid "return random characters from a true random number generator, delivering real entropy (slow)" msgstr "真の乱数発生機から真のエントロピーのあるランダムな文字を返す(遅い)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2365 msgid "<literal>/dev/urandom</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/urandom</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2371 msgid "return random characters from a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator" msgstr "暗号学的にセキュアーな擬似乱数発生機からランダムな文字を返す" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2376 msgid "<literal>/dev/full</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/dev/full</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2382 msgid "return the disk-full (ENOSPC) error" msgstr "ディスクフル(ENOSPC)エラーを返す" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2388 msgid "These are frequently used in conjunction with the shell redirection (see <xref linkend=\"_typical_command_sequences_and_shell_redirection\"/>)." msgstr "以上はシェルのリディレクションとともによく使われます。(<xref linkend=\"_typical_command_sequences_and_shell_redirection\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2391 msgid "procfs and sysfs" msgstr "procfsとsysfs" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2392 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&procfs;\">procfs</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&sysfs;\">sysfs</ulink> mounted on \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" and \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" are the pseudo-filesystem and expose internal data structures of the kernel to the userspace. In other word, these entries are virtual, meaning that they act as a convenient window into the operation of the operating system." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&procfs;\">procfs</ulink>と<ulink url=\"&sysfs;\">sysfs</ulink>は\"<literal>/proc</literal>\"や\"<literal>/sys</literal>\"上にマウントされる仮想ファイルシステムであり、カーネルの内部データー構造をユーザー空間にさらけ出します。言い換えると、オペレーティングシステムのオペレーションへの便利なのぞき窓となると言う意味で仮想といえます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2393 msgid "The directory \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" contains (among other things) one subdirectory for each process running on the system, which is named after the process ID (PID). System utilities that access process information, such as <literal>ps</literal>(1), get their information from this directory structure." msgstr "\"<literal>/proc</literal>\"ディレクトリー中には、システム上で実行されている各プロセスに対応したそのプロセスID(PID)の名前がついたサブディレクトリー他があります。プロセス情報をアクセスする<literal>ps</literal>(1)のようなシステムユーティリティーはこのディレクトリー構造からその情報を得ています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2394 msgid "The directories under \"<literal>/proc/sys/</literal>\" contain interface to change certain kernel parameters at run time. (You may do the same through specialized <literal>sysctl</literal>(8) command or its preload/configuration file \"<literal>/etc/sysctrl.conf</literal>\".)" msgstr "\"<literal>/proc/sys/</literal>\"の下のディレクトリーには実行時のカーネル変数を変更するインターフェースがあります。(専用の<literal>sysctl</literal>(8)コマンドもしくはその起動/設定ファイル\"<literal>/etc/sysctrl.conf</literal>\"によっても同様のことができます。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2396 msgid "The Linux kernel may complain \"Too many open files\". You can fix this by increasing \"<literal>file-max</literal>\" value to a larger value from the root shell, e.g., \"<literal>echo \"65536\" > /proc/sys/fs/file-max</literal>\" (This was needed on older kernels)." msgstr "Linuxカーネルが\"Too many open files\"とエラーを出力することがあります。rootのシェルから、例えば\"<literal>echo \"65536\" > /proc/sys/fs/file-max</literal>\"等と\"<literal>file-max</literal>\"の値をより大きな値に増加することで解決できます。(旧式カーネルではこれが必要でした。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2398 msgid "People frequently panic when they notice one file in particular - \"<literal>/proc/kcore</literal>\" - which is generally huge. This is (more or less) a copy of the content of your computer's memory. It's used to debug the kernel. It is a virtual file that points to computer memory, so don't worry about its size." msgstr "特にあるファイル - \"<literal>/proc/kcore</literal>\" - に気づくと、パニックになる人がよくいます。これは一般に巨大です。これは(おおよそ)コンピューターのメモリーの内容のコピーです。これは kernel をデバッグするのに用いられます。コンピューターのメモリーを指す仮想ファイルなので、そのサイズに関して心配する必要は全くありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2399 msgid "The directory under \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" contains exported kernel data structures, their attributes, and their linkages between them. It also contains interface to change certain kernel parameters at run time." msgstr "\"<literal>/sys</literal>\"の下のディレクトリーはカーネルから引き出されたデーター構造、その属性、それらの関連を含んでいます。一部カーネル変数を実行時に変更する機構もまた含まれたりします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2400 msgid "See \"<literal>proc.txt(.gz)</literal>\", \"<literal>sysfs.txt(.gz)</literal>\" and other related documents in the Linux kernel documentation (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/*</literal>\") provided by the <literal>linux-doc-2.6.*</literal> package." msgstr "<literal>linux-doc-2.6.*</literal>パッケージで供給されるLinuxカーネル文書(\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/*</literal>\")中の\"<literal>proc.txt(.gz)</literal>\"や\"<literal>sysfs.txt(.gz)</literal>\"や関連する他の文書を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2404 msgid "Midnight Commander (MC)" msgstr "ミッドナイトコマンダー(MC)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2405 msgid "<ulink url=\"&midnightcommandermc;\">Midnight Commander (MC)</ulink> is a GNU \"Swiss army knife\" for the Linux console and other terminal environments. This gives newbie a menu driven console experience which is much easier to learn than standard Unix commands." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&midnightcommandermc;\">Midnight Commander (MC)</ulink>はLinux コンソールや他の端末環境のためのGNU製\"スイス軍ナイフ\"です。標準Unixコマンドを習うよりもより簡単なメニューを使ったコンソール経験が初心者にもできます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2406 msgid "You may need to install the Midnight Commander package which is titled \"<literal>mc</literal>\" by the following." msgstr "\"<literal>mc</literal>\"と名づけられたMidnight Commanderパッケージを次のようにしてインストールする必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2407 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sudo aptitude install mc" msgstr "$ sudo aptitude install mc" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2408 msgid "Use the <literal>mc</literal>(1) command to explore the Debian system. This is the best way to learn. Please explore few interesting locations just using the cursor keys and Enter key." msgstr "Debian システムを探検するために<literal>mc</literal>(1)コマンドを使います。これは学習するための最良の方法です。カーソールキーとエンターキーを使うだけで興味深い場所をちょっと探検します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2412 msgid "\"<literal>/etc</literal>\" and its subdirectories" msgstr "\"<literal>/etc</literal>\"とサブディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2417 msgid "\"<literal>/var/log</literal>\" and its subdirectories" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/log</literal>\"とサブディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2422 msgid "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" and its subdirectories" msgstr "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\"とサブディレクトリー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2427 msgid "\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" and \"<literal>/bin</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\"と\"<literal>/bin</literal>\"。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2432 msgid "Customization of MC" msgstr "MCのカスタム化" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2433 msgid "In order to make MC to change working directory upon exit and <literal>cd</literal> to the directory, I suggest to modify \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" to include a script provided by the <literal>mc</literal> package." msgstr "終了時に作業ディレクトリーをMCに変更させそのディレクトリーへcdさせるためには、<literal>mc</literal>パッケージが提供するスクリプトを\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"が含むように変更します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2434 #, no-wrap msgid ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh" msgstr ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2435 msgid "See <literal>mc</literal>(1) (under the \"<literal>-P</literal>\" option) for the reason. (If you do not understand what exactly I am talking here, you can do this later.)" msgstr "この理由は<literal>mc</literal>(1) (\"<literal>-P</literal>\"オプション項目) を参照下さい(今言っていることがよく分からないなら、これは後日しても大丈夫です。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2438 msgid "Starting MC" msgstr "MCの始動" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2439 msgid "MC can be started by the following." msgstr "MCは次のようにして起動します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2440 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc" msgstr "$ mc" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2441 msgid "MC takes care of all file operations through its menu, requiring minimal user effort. Just press F1 to get the help screen. You can play with MC just by pressing cursor-keys and function-keys." msgstr "MCを使うとメニューを通じた最小限のユーザーの努力で全てのファイル操作の面倒が見られます。ヘルプ表示を出すには、ただF1を押すだけです。カーソールキーとファンクションキーの操作だけでMCを使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2443 msgid "In some consoles such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), key strokes of function-keys may be stolen by the console program. You can disable these features by \"Edit\" → \"Keyboard Shortcuts\" for <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>." msgstr "<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1)のようなコンソールでは、ファンクションキーのキーストロークがコンソールプログラムに横取りされる事があります。<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>の場合、\"Edit\" → \"Keyboard Shortcuts\"とするとこの機能を無効にできます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2445 msgid "If you encounter character encoding problem which displays garbage characters, adding \"<literal>-a</literal>\" to MC's command line may help prevent problems." msgstr "もし文字化け表示がされる文字符号化(エンコーディング)問題に出会った際には、MCのコマンドラインに\"<literal>-a</literal>\"を加えると解消する事があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2446 msgid "If this doesn't clear up your display problems with MC, see <xref linkend=\"_the_terminal_configuration\"/>." msgstr "これでもMCの表示の問題が解消しない際には、<xref linkend=\"_the_terminal_configuration\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2449 msgid "File manager in MC" msgstr "MCのファイルマネージャー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2450 msgid "The default is two directory panels containing file lists. Another useful mode is to set the right window to \"information\" to see file access privilege information, etc. Following are some essential keystrokes. With the <literal>gpm</literal>(8) daemon running, one can use a mouse on Linux character consoles, too. (Make sure to press the shift-key to obtain the normal behavior of cut and paste in MC.)" msgstr "2つのディレクトリーパネルがありそれぞれファイルリストを含むのが標準です。他の便利なモードとしては、右側のウィンドウを\"information\" とセットしてファイルアクセス権情報などを表示するモードがあります。次にいくつかの不可欠なキーストロークを示します。<literal>gpm</literal>(8)デーモンを実行すると、Linuxの文字ターミナルでマウスも使えます。(MC で通常の挙動のカットアンドペーストをさせるには、shiftキーを押して下さい。) " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2452 msgid "The key bindings of MC" msgstr "MCのキーバインディング" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2459 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2833 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6274 msgid "key" msgstr "キー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2462 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6277 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18571 msgid "key binding" msgstr "キーバインディング" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2469 msgid "<literal>F1</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F1</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2472 msgid "help menu" msgstr "ヘルプメニュー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2477 msgid "<literal>F3</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F3</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2480 msgid "internal file viewer" msgstr "内部ファイルビューワー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2485 msgid "<literal>F4</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F4</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2488 msgid "internal editor" msgstr "内部エディター" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2493 msgid "<literal>F9</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F9</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2496 msgid "activate pull down menu" msgstr "プルダウンメニュー有効" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2501 msgid "<literal>F10</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F10</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2504 msgid "exit Midnight Commander" msgstr "MCを終了" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2509 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2930 msgid "<literal>Tab</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Tab</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2512 msgid "move between two windows" msgstr "二つのウィンドウの間を移動" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2516 msgid "<literal>Insert</literal> or <literal>Ctrl-T</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Insert</literal>もしくは<literal>Ctrl-T</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2519 msgid "mark file for a multiple-file operation such as copy" msgstr "コピーのような複数ファイル操作のためにファイルをマーク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2524 msgid "<literal>Del</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Del</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2527 msgid "delete file (be careful---set MC to safe delete mode)" msgstr "ファイルの削除(気をつけましょう -- MCを安全削除モードに設定)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2532 msgid "Cursor keys" msgstr "カーソールキー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2535 msgid "self-explanatory" msgstr "自明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2543 msgid "Command-line tricks in MC" msgstr "MC のコマンドライントリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2546 msgid "<literal>cd</literal> command changes the directory shown on the selected screen." msgstr "<literal>cd</literal>コマンドは選択されたスクリーンに表示されたディレクトリーを変更します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2550 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Enter</literal> or <literal>Alt-Enter</literal> copies a filename to the command line. Use this with <literal>cp</literal>(1) and <literal>mv</literal>(1) commands together with command-line editing." msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Enter</literal>と<literal>Alt-Enter</literal>はファイル名をコマンドラインにコピーします。コマンドライン編集と一緒に<literal>cp</literal>(1)や<literal>mv</literal>(1)コマンドで御使用下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2554 msgid "<literal>Alt-Tab</literal> shows shell filename expansion choices." msgstr "<literal>Alt-Tab</literal>はシェルファイル名の自動展開の選択肢を表示します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2559 msgid "One can specify the starting directory for both windows as arguments to MC; for example, \"<literal>mc /etc /root</literal>\"." msgstr "MCの引数で両ウィンドウのスタートディレクトリーを指定できます。例えば\"<literal>mc /etc /root</literal>\"。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2563 msgid "<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>n-key</literal> → <literal>Fn</literal> (i.e., <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>1</literal> → <literal>F1</literal>, etc.; <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>0</literal> → <literal>F10</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>n-key</literal> → <literal>Fn</literal> (つまり、<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>1</literal> → <literal>F1</literal>、等々、<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>0</literal> → <literal>F10</literal>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2568 msgid "Pressing <literal>Esc</literal> before the key has the same effect as pressing the <literal>Alt</literal> and the key together.; i.e., type <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>c</literal> for <literal>Alt-C</literal>. <literal>Esc</literal> is called meta-key and sometimes noted as \"<literal>M-</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>Esc</literal>をキーの前に押すのは<literal>Alt</literal>をキーと同時に押すのと同様の効果があります。つまり、<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>c</literal> は<literal>Alt-C</literal>と同じです。<literal>Esc</literal>はメタキーとよばれ時々\"<literal>M-</literal>\"と表記されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2574 msgid "The internal editor in MC" msgstr "MCの内部エディター" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2575 msgid "The internal editor has an interesting cut-and-paste scheme. Pressing <literal>F3</literal> marks the start of a selection, a second <literal>F3</literal> marks the end of selection and highlights the selection. Then you can move your cursor. If you press F6, the selected area is moved to the cursor location. If you press F5, the selected area is copied and inserted at the cursor location. <literal>F2</literal> saves the file. <literal>F10</literal> gets you out. Most cursor keys work intuitively." msgstr "MC の内部エディターは興味深いカットアンドペースト機構を持ちます。<literal>F3</literal>キーを押すと、選択範囲のスタートとマークし、次に<literal>F3</literal>を押すと、選択範囲のエンドとマークし、選択範囲を強調します。そしてカーソールを動かすことができます。F6を押すと、選択範囲はカーソールの位置に移動します。F5を押すと、選択範囲はコピーされ、カーソールの位置に挿入されます。<literal>F2</literal>を押すとファイルをセーブします。<literal>F10</literal>を押すと選択範囲はなくなります。ほとんどのカーソールキーは直感的に働きます。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2576 msgid "This editor can be directly started on a file using one of the following commands." msgstr "このエディターは次のコマンドの内のひとつを使いファイルに対し直接起動できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2577 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc -e filename_to_edit" msgstr "$ mc -e filename_to_edit" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2578 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mcedit filename_to_edit" msgstr "$ mcedit filename_to_edit" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2579 msgid "This is not a multi-window editor, but one can use multiple Linux consoles to achieve the same effect. To copy between windows, use Alt-F<n> keys to switch virtual consoles and use \"File→Insert file\" or \"File→Copy to file\" to move a portion of a file to another file." msgstr "これはマルチモードエディターではありませんが、複数の Linux コンソール上で使用すると同じ効果を発揮させされます。ウィンドウ間のコピーを行うには、 Alt-<n>キーを押して仮想コンソールを切替えて、\"File→Insert file\"や\"File→Copy to file\"を用いてファイルの一部を他のファイルに動かします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2580 msgid "This internal editor can be replaced with any external editor of choice." msgstr "この内部エディターはお好きな他の外部エディターと置き換えが可能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2581 msgid "Also, many programs use the environment variables \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" or \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" to decide which editor to use. If you are uncomfortable with <literal>vim</literal>(1) or <literal>nano</literal>(1) initially, you may set these to \"<literal>mcedit</literal>\" by adding the following lines to \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"." msgstr "また、多くのプログラムは使用するエディターを決定するために環境変数\"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\"や\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\"を使用します。最初<literal>vim</literal>(1)や<literal>nano</literal>(1)が使いにくい場合には\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"に次に示す行を追加してエディターを\"<literal>mcedit</literal>\"に設定するのも一計です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2582 #, no-wrap msgid "" "export EDITOR=mcedit\n" "export VISUAL=mcedit" msgstr "" "export EDITOR=mcedit\n" "export VISUAL=mcedit" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2584 msgid "I do recommend setting these to \"<literal>vim</literal>\" if possible." msgstr "できればこれは\"<literal>vim</literal>\"に設定することを推奨します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2585 msgid "If you are uncomfortable with <literal>vim</literal>(1), you can keep using <literal>mcedit</literal>(1) for most system maintenance tasks." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1)が使いにくい場合には、<literal>mcedit</literal>(1)をほとんどのシステム管理業務のために使い続けられます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2588 msgid "The internal viewer in MC" msgstr "MCの内部ビューワー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2589 msgid "MC is a very smart viewer. This is a great tool for searching words in documents. I always use this for files in the \"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" directory. This is the fastest way to browse through masses of Linux information. This viewer can be directly started using one of the following commands." msgstr "MCは非常に賢明なビューワーです。文書内の単語を検索するための素晴らしいツールです。私は\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\"ディレクトリー内のファイルに対していつもこれを使います。これは 大量にあるLinux情報を閲覧する最速の方法です。このビューワーは次のコマンドの内のひとつを使い直接起動できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2590 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mc -v path/to/filename_to_view" msgstr "$ mc -v path/to/filename_to_view" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2591 #, no-wrap msgid "$ mcview path/to/filename_to_view" msgstr "$ mcview path/to/filename_to_view" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2594 msgid "Auto-start features of MC" msgstr "MCの自動起動機能" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2595 msgid "Press Enter on a file, and the appropriate program handles the content of the file (see <xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>). This is a very convenient MC feature." msgstr "ファイルの上でEnterを押すと、適切なプログラムがファイル内容を処理します(<xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>参照)。これは非常に便利な MC の機能です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2597 msgid "The reaction to the enter key in MC" msgstr "enterキー入力へのMCの反応" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2604 msgid "file type" msgstr "ファイルタイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2607 msgid "reaction to enter key" msgstr "enterキーへの反応" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2614 msgid "executable file" msgstr "実行ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2617 msgid "execute command" msgstr "コマンド実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2622 msgid "man file" msgstr "manファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2625 msgid "pipe content to viewer software" msgstr "ビューワーソフトに内容をパイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2630 msgid "html file" msgstr "htmlファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2633 msgid "pipe content to web browser" msgstr "ウェッブブラウザーに内容をパイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2638 msgid "\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>*.deb</literal>\" file" msgstr "\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\"や\"<literal>*.deb</literal>\"ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2641 msgid "browse its contents as if subdirectory" msgstr "サブディレクトリーであるかのように内容を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2647 msgid "In order to allow these viewer and virtual file features to function, viewable files should not be set as executable. Change their status using <literal>chmod</literal>(1) or via the MC file menu." msgstr "これらのビューワーや仮想ファイルの機能を有効にするためには、閲覧可能なファイルには実行可能と設定されていてはいけません。<literal>chmod</literal>(1)コマンドを使うか、MC のファイルメニュー経由で状態を変更して下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2650 msgid "FTP virtual filesystem of MC" msgstr "MCのFTP仮想ファイルシステム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2651 msgid "MC can be used to access files over the Internet using FTP. Go to the menu by pressing <literal>F9</literal>, then type \"<literal>p</literal>\" to activate the FTP virtual filesystem. Enter a URL in the form \"<literal>username:passwd@hostname.domainname</literal>\", which retrieves a remote directory that appears like a local one." msgstr "MCをInternet越しでのFTPを用いたファイルアクセスに使えます。<literal>F9</literal>を押してメニューに行き、\"<literal>p</literal>\"を押してFTP仮想ファイルシステムを有効にします。\"<literal>username:passwd@hostname.domainname</literal>\"の形式でURLを入力すると、あたかもローカルにあるかのようにリモートディレクトリーを取得します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2652 msgid "Try \"[http.us.debian.org/debian]\" as the URL and browse the Debian archive." msgstr "\"[http.us.debian.org/debian]\"をURLとしてDebianアーカイブを閲覧します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2656 msgid "The basic Unix-like work environment" msgstr "基本のUnix的作業環境" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2657 msgid "Although MC enables you to do almost everything, it is very important for you to learn how to use the command line tools invoked from the shell prompt and become familiar with the Unix-like work environment." msgstr "MCはほとんど全てのことを可能にしますが、シェルプロンプトから実行されるコマンドラインツールの使用方法について学び、Unix的な作業環境に親しむのは非常に重要なことです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2659 msgid "The login shell" msgstr "loginシェル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2660 msgid "You can select your login shell with <literal>chsh</literal>(1)." msgstr "ログインシェルは<literal>chsh</literal>(1)を使えば選択できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2662 msgid "List of shell programs" msgstr "シェルプログラムのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2681 msgid "POSIX shell" msgstr "POSIXシェル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2694 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2713 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2724 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2734 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2755 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2765 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2787 msgid "Yes" msgstr "はい" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2696 msgid "<ulink url=\"&bash;\">Bash</ulink>: the GNU Bourne Again SHell (de facto standard)" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&bash;\">Bash</ulink>: GNU Bourne Again SHell(事実上の標準シェル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2704 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2745 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2776 msgid "No" msgstr "いいえ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2706 msgid "<ulink url=\"&tenexcshell;\">TENEX C Shell</ulink>: an enhanced version of <ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&tenexcshell;\">TENEX C Shell</ulink>: 拡張バージョンの<ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2716 msgid "Debian <ulink url=\"&almquistshell;\">Almquist Shell</ulink>, good for shell script" msgstr "Debianの<ulink url=\"&almquistshell;\">Almquistシェル</ulink>、シェルスクリプトに好適" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2726 msgid "<ulink url=\"&zshell;\">Z shell</ulink>: the standard shell with many enhancements" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&zshell;\">Z shell</ulink>: 多くの拡張された標準シェル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2737 msgid "public domain version of the <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn shell</ulink>" msgstr "パブリックドメインバージョンの<ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Kornシェル</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2747 msgid "<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink> C Shell, a version of <ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>のCシェル、<ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>の派生" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2757 msgid "<ulink url=\"&standaloneshell;\">Stand-alone shell</ulink> with builtin commands (Not meant for standard \"<literal>/bin/sh</literal>\")" msgstr "組み込みコマンド付きの<ulink url=\"&standaloneshell;\">独立シェル</ulink>(標準の\"<literal>/bin/sh</literal>\"には不向き)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2768 msgid "the real, AT&T version of the <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn shell</ulink>" msgstr "真のAT&Tバージョンの<ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Kornシェル</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2779 msgid "implementation of the <ulink url=\"&attplanj;\">AT&T Plan 9</ulink> <ulink url=\"&rcshell;\">rc shell</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&attplanj;\">AT&T Plan 9</ulink>の<ulink url=\"&rcshell;\">rcシェル</ulink>の実装" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2790 msgid "Policy-compliant Ordinary SHell (<literal>pdksh</literal> derivative)" msgstr "ポリシー準拠の通常シェル(<literal>pdksh</literal>の派生)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2796 msgid "In this tutorial chapter, the interactive shell always means <literal>bash</literal>." msgstr "このチュートリアル章内では、インタラクティブなシェルは常に<literal>bash</literal>です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2799 msgid "Customizing bash" msgstr "Bashのカスタム化" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2800 msgid "You can customize <literal>bash</literal>(1) behavior by \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1)の挙動は\"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\"を使ってカスタム化できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2801 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4111 msgid "For example, try the following." msgstr "例えば、次を試してみて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2802 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# CD upon exiting MC\n" ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh\n" "\n" "# set CDPATH to good one\n" "CDPATH=.:/usr/share/doc:~/Desktop/src:~/Desktop:~\n" "export CDPATH\n" "\n" "PATH=\"${PATH}\":/usr/sbin:/sbin\n" "# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\n" "if [ -d ~/bin ] ; then\n" " PATH=~/bin:\"${PATH}\"\n" "fi\n" "export PATH\n" "\n" "EDITOR=vim\n" "export EDITOR" msgstr "" "# CD upon exiting MC\n" ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh\n" "\n" "# set CDPATH to good one\n" "CDPATH=.:/usr/share/doc:~/Desktop/src:~/Desktop:~\n" "export CDPATH\n" "\n" "PATH=\"${PATH}\":/usr/sbin:/sbin\n" "# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\n" "if [ -d ~/bin ] ; then\n" " PATH=~/bin:\"${PATH}\"\n" "fi\n" "export PATH\n" "\n" "EDITOR=vim\n" "export EDITOR" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2819 msgid "You can find more <literal>bash</literal> customization tips, such as <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>, in <xref linkend=\"_system_tips\"/>." msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>に関する更なるカスタム化方法は、<xref linkend=\"_system_tips\"/>中の<xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>等にあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2823 msgid "Special key strokes" msgstr "特別のキーストローク" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2824 msgid "In the <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> environment, there are few key strokes which have special meanings. Please note that on a normal Linux character console, only the left-hand <literal>Ctrl</literal> and <literal>Alt</literal> keys work as expected. Here are few notable key strokes to remember." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix的</ulink>環境下では、特別の意味を持ったいくつかのキーストロークがあります。通常のLinuxの文字ターミナルでは左側の<literal>Ctrl</literal>や<literal>Alt</literal>キーのみが期待にそって機能することに配慮下さい。次に特記すべき暗記するべきキーストロークを記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2826 msgid "List of key bindings for bash" msgstr "Bashのキーバインディングのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2836 msgid "description of key binding" msgstr "キーバインディングの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2843 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-U</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-U</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2846 msgid "erase line before cursor" msgstr "カーソールの前の1行を消去" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2851 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-H</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-H</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2854 msgid "erase a character before cursor" msgstr "カーソールの前の1文字を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2859 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2862 msgid "terminate input (exit shell if you are using shell)" msgstr "入力を終了(シェルを使用中の場合、シェルを終了)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2867 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-C</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-C</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2870 msgid "terminate a running program" msgstr "実行中のプログラムを終了" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2875 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Z</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Z</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2878 msgid "temporarily stop program by moving it to the background job" msgstr "プログラムをバックグラウンドジョブに移動し一時停止" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2883 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2886 msgid "halt output to screen" msgstr "スクリーンへの出力を停止" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2891 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Q</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Q</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2894 msgid "reactivate output to screen" msgstr "スクリーンへの出力を再開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2899 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Del</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Del</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2902 msgid "reboot/halt the system, see <literal>inittab</literal>(5)" msgstr "システムをリブート/停止、<literal>inittab</literal>(5)参照" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2906 msgid "<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> (optionally, <literal>Windows-key</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>Left-Altキー</literal> (もしくは、<literal>Windowsキー</literal>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2909 msgid "meta-key for Emacs and the similar UI" msgstr "Emacsおよび同様のUIでのメタキー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2914 msgid "<literal>Up-arrow</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Up-arrow</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2917 msgid "start command history search under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>でコマンド履歴検索をスタート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2922 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-R</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-R</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2925 msgid "start incremental command history search under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>でインクリメンタルなコマンド履歴検索をスタート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2933 msgid "complete input of the filename to the command line under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>のコマンドラインのファイル名入力を完結" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2938 msgid "<literal>Ctrl-V</literal> <literal>Tab</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-V</literal> <literal>Tab</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2942 msgid "input <literal>Tab</literal> without expansion to the command line under <literal>bash</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bash</literal>のコマンドラインで<literal>Tab</literal>を展開することなく入力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2949 msgid "The terminal feature of <literal>Ctrl-S</literal> can be disabled using <literal>stty</literal>(1)." msgstr "ターミナルの<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>機能は<literal>stty</literal>(1)で無効にできます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2953 msgid "Unix style mouse operations" msgstr "Unix流のマウス操作" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2954 msgid "Unix style mouse operations are based on the 3 button mouse system." msgstr "Unix流のマウス操作は3ボタンマウスが基本です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2956 msgid "List of Unix style mouse operations" msgstr "Unix流のマウス操作" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2966 msgid "response" msgstr "反応" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2973 msgid "Left-click-and-drag mouse" msgstr "マウスの左クリックアンドドラッグ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2976 msgid "select and copy to the clipboard" msgstr "選択とクリップボードへのコピー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2981 msgid "Left-click" msgstr "左クリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2984 msgid "select the start of selection" msgstr "選択スタート点の選択" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2989 msgid "Right-click" msgstr "右クリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2992 msgid "select the end of selection and copy to the clipboard" msgstr "選択エンド点の選択とクリップボードへのコピー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2997 msgid "Middle-click" msgstr "中クリック" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3000 msgid "paste clipboard at the cursor" msgstr "クリップボードをカーソール位置に挿入(ペースト)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3006 msgid "The center wheel on the modern wheel mouse is considered middle mouse button and can be used for middle-click. Clicking left and right mouse buttons together serves as the middle-click under the 2 button mouse system situation. In order to use a mouse in Linux character consoles, you need to have <literal>gpm</literal>(8) running as daemon." msgstr "現代的なホイールマウスの真ん中のホイールは中マウスボタンと見なされ、中クリックに使えます。2ボタンマウス状況では左右のボタンの同時押しが中クリックとして使えます。Linuxの文字コンソールでマウスを使うには<literal>gpm</literal>(8)をデーモンで実行する必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3009 msgid "The pager" msgstr "ページャー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3010 msgid "<literal>less</literal>(1) is the enhanced pager (file content browser). Hit \"<literal>h</literal>\" for help. It can do much more than <literal>more</literal>(1) and can be supercharged by executing \"<literal>eval $(lesspipe)</literal>\" or \"<literal>eval $(lessfile)</literal>\" in the shell startup script. See more in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/lessf/LESSOPEN</literal>\". The \"<literal>-R</literal>\" option allows raw character output and enables ANSI color escape sequences. See <literal>less</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>less</literal>(1)は機能拡張されたページャー(ファイル内容のブラウザー)です。\"<literal>h</literal>\" と入力するとヘルプが表示されます。これは、<literal>more</literal>(1) よりもはるかに機能があり、\"<literal>eval $(lesspipe)</literal>\"または\"<literal>eval $(lessfile)</literal>\"とシェルのスタートスクリプト中で実行することで更に機能拡充されます。詳しくは、\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/lessf/LESSOPEN</literal>\"を参照下さい。\"<literal>-R</literal>\"オプションを用いると生の option allows raw文字出力が許可され、ANSIカラーエスケープシーケンスが有効になります。<literal>less</literal>(1)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3013 msgid "The text editor" msgstr "テキストエディター" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3014 msgid "You should become proficient in one of variants of <ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> programs which are popular in the Unix-like system." msgstr "Unix的システムで人気のある、<ulink url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink>か<ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink>プログラムのいずれかのバリアントに習熟するべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3015 msgid "I think getting used to Vim commands is the right thing to do, since Vi-editor is always there in the Linux/Unix world. (Actually, original <literal>vi</literal> or new <literal>nvi</literal> are programs you find everywhere. I chose Vim instead for newbie since it offers you help through <literal>F1</literal> key while it is similar enough and more powerful.)" msgstr "著者としてはVimコマンドに慣れることは正しいことだと考えています。なぜならViエディターはLinux/Unixの世界では必ず存在するからです。(実際はオリジナルの<literal>vi</literal>か、新しい<literal>nvi</literal>がどこででも見つけられるプログラムです。これにもかかわらずVimを著者が初心者のために選んだのは、より強力かつ動作が充分似ているのと、<literal>F1</literal>キーを通じてヘルプが表示されるからです。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3016 msgid "If you chose either <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&xemacs;\">XEmacs</ulink> instead as your choice of the editor, that is another good choice indeed, particularly for programming. Emacs has a plethora of other features as well, including functioning as a newsreader, directory editor, mail program, etc. When used for programming or editing shell scripts, it intelligently recognizes the format of what you are working on, and tries to provide assistance. Some people maintain that the only program they need on Linux is Emacs. Ten minutes learning Emacs now can save hours later. Having the GNU Emacs manual for reference when learning Emacs is highly recommended." msgstr "これとは違い、<ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink>か<ulink url=\"&xemacs;\">XEmacs</ulink>をエディターとして選ぶのも、特にプログラムをするには、非常に良い選択です。Emacsには、ニュースリーダ機能、ディレクトリーの編集機能、メール機能他の、過多な機能があります。プログラミングやシェルスクリプトの編集に使うときは、作業中のフォーマットをインテリジェントに認識し助力をしようとします。Linux上で必要なプログラムはEmacsだけと考える人もいます。Emacsを今10分間学ぶことは将来何時間もの節約になります。Emacsを学ぶ際にはGNUのEmacsマニュアルを持っておくことを高く推薦します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3017 msgid "All these programs usually come with tutoring program for you to learn them by practice. Start Vim by typing \"<literal>vim</literal>\" and press F1-key. You should at least read the first 35 lines. Then do the online training course by moving cursor to \"<literal>|tutor|</literal>\" and pressing <literal>Ctrl-]</literal>." msgstr "これら全てのプログラムには練習しながら学べるようにチュータリングプログラムが普通付いてきます。Vimを\"<literal>vim</literal>\"とタイプして起動し、F1キーを押します。最初の35行を読みます。カーソールを\"<literal>|tutor|</literal>\"に移動し<literal>Ctrl-]</literal>を押してオンラインの訓練コースを始めます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3019 msgid "Good editors, such as Vim and Emacs, can be used to handle UTF-8 and other exotic encoding texts correctly with proper option in the x-terminal-emulator on X under UTF-8 locale with proper font settings. Please refer to their documentation on multibyte text." msgstr "VimやEmacsのような良いエディターは、正しいフォント設定がされたUTF-8ロケールの下の正しいオプションを使ったx-terminal-emulatorを使うと、UTF-8や他のエギゾチックな符号化方式(エンコーディング)のテキストを正しく扱えます。マルチバイトテキストに関するそれぞれの文書を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3023 msgid "Setting a default text editor" msgstr "デフォールトのテキストエディターの設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3024 msgid "Debian comes with a number of different editors. We recommend to install the <literal>vim</literal> package, as mentioned above." msgstr "Debianにはいくつかの異なったエディターがあります。上述のように<literal>vim</literal>パッケージをインストールすることを推薦します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3025 msgid "Debian provides unified access to the system default editor via command \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\" so other programs (e.g., <literal>reportbug</literal>(1)) can invoke it. You can change it by the following." msgstr "Debianではシステムのデフォールトのエディターへの統一されたアクセスを\"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\"コマンドを通じて提供しているので、他のプログラム(例えば<literal>reportbug</literal>(1)等)が起動できます。設定変更は次で出来ます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3026 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sudo update-alternatives --config editor" msgstr "$ sudo update-alternatives --config editor" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3027 msgid "The choice \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.basic</literal>\" over \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.tiny</literal>\" is my recommendation for newbies since it supports syntax highlighting." msgstr "著者が\"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.tiny</literal>\"より\"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.basic</literal>\"を初心者に推薦するのはシンタクスハイライトをサポートしているからです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3029 msgid "Many programs use the environment variables \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" or \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" to decide which editor to use (see <xref linkend=\"_the_internal_editor_in_mc\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>). For the consistency on Debian system, set these to \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\". (Historically, \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" was \"<literal>ed</literal>\" and \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" was \"<literal>vi</literal>\".)" msgstr "多くのプログラムは\"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\"か\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\"という環境変数を使ってどのエディターを使うかを決めます(<xref linkend=\"_the_internal_editor_in_mc\"/>と<xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>参照)。Debianシステムの整合性のために、これらを\"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\"と設定しましょう。(歴史的には\"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\"は\"<literal>ed</literal>\"で、\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\"は\"<literal>vi</literal>\"でした。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3033 msgid "Customizing vim" msgstr "Vimのカスタム化" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3034 msgid "You can customize <literal>vim</literal>(1) behavior by \"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1)の挙動は\"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\"を使ってカスタム化できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3036 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\" -------------------------------\n" "\" Local configuration\n" "\"\n" "set nocompatible\n" "set nopaste\n" "set pastetoggle=<f2>\n" "syn on\n" "if $USER == \"root\"\n" " set nomodeline\n" " set noswapfile\n" "else\n" " set modeline\n" " set swapfile\n" "endif\n" "\" filler to avoid the line above being recognized as a modeline\n" "\" filler\n" "\" filler" msgstr "" "\" -------------------------------\n" "\" Local configuration\n" "\"\n" "set nocompatible\n" "set nopaste\n" "set pastetoggle=<f2>\n" "syn on\n" "if $USER == \"root\"\n" " set nomodeline\n" " set noswapfile\n" "else\n" " set modeline\n" " set swapfile\n" "endif\n" "\" filler to avoid the line above being recognized as a modeline\n" "\" filler\n" "\" filler" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3055 msgid "Recording the shell activities" msgstr "シェル活動の記録" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3056 msgid "The output of the shell command may roll off your screen and may be lost forever. It is good practice to log shell activities into the file for you to review them later. This kind of record is essential when you perform any system administration tasks." msgstr "シェルコマンドの出力はスクリーンから押し出されると永久に無くなってしまうかもしれません。シェルでの活動を後で見直せるようにファイルに記録しておくのは良いことです。この種の記録は何らかのシステム管理作業をする際には非常に重要です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3057 msgid "The basic method of recording the shell activity is to run it under <literal>script</literal>(1)." msgstr "シェル活動の記録の基本方法は<literal>script</literal>(1)の下で実行することです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18857 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ script\n" "Script started, file is typescript" msgstr "" "$ script\n" "Script started, file is typescript" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3061 msgid "Do whatever shell commands under <literal>script</literal>." msgstr "<literal>script</literal>の下で何なりのシェルコマンドを実行します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3062 msgid "Press <literal>Ctrl-D</literal> to exit <literal>script</literal>." msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>を押して<literal>script</literal>から脱出します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3063 #, no-wrap msgid "$ vim typescript" msgstr "$ vim typescript" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3064 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_recording_the_shell_activities_cleanly\"/> ." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_recording_the_shell_activities_cleanly\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3067 msgid "Basic Unix commands" msgstr "基本Unixコマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3068 msgid "Let's learn basic Unix commands. Here I use \"Unix\" in its generic sense. Any Unix clone OSs usually offer equivalent commands. The Debian system is no exception. Do not worry if some commands do not work as you wish now. If <literal>alias</literal> is used in the shell, its corresponding command outputs are different. These examples are not meant to be executed in this order." msgstr "基本的Unixコマンドを学びます。ここでは一般的意味で\"Unix\"を使っています。いかなるUnixクローンのOSも等価なコマンドを提供します。Debianシステムも例外ではありません。今一部コマンドが思うように機能しなくても心配しないで下さい。<literal>エアリアス</literal>がシェルで使われた場合は、対応するコマンドの出力は変わります。次は順番に実行すると言う意味の例ではありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3069 msgid "Try all following commands from the non-privileged user account." msgstr "非特権ユーザーのアカウントから次のコマンドを全て実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3071 msgid "List of basic Unix commands" msgstr "基本のUnixコマンドのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3078 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5990 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7287 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10173 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10284 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12269 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12871 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13302 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:14447 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15627 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19118 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21117 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22168 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24223 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24345 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24549 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24731 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26054 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30376 msgid "command" msgstr "コマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3088 msgid "<literal>pwd</literal>" msgstr "<literal>pwd</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3091 msgid "display name of current/working directory" msgstr "カレント/ワーキングディレクトリーの名前を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3096 msgid "<literal>whoami</literal>" msgstr "<literal>whoami</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3099 msgid "display current user name" msgstr "現在のユーザー名を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3104 msgid "<literal>id</literal>" msgstr "<literal>id</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3107 msgid "display current user identity (name, uid, gid, and associated groups)" msgstr "現在のユーザーのアイデンティティ(名前とuidとgidと関連するgroup)を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3112 msgid "<literal>file <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>file <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3115 msgid "display a type of file for the file \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo></literal>\"ファイルのファイルタイプを表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3120 msgid "<literal>type -p <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>type -p <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3123 msgid "display a file location of command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\"コマンドのファイルの位置を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3128 msgid "<literal>which <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>which <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3131 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3155 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6582 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6590 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6598 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6606 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11259 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11270 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11281 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11292 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11303 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11314 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11345 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11387 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11398 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11420 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11431 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11464 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11475 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11497 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11508 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11519 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11541 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11552 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11574 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11585 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11596 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11607 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11618 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11629 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11640 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11651 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11662 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11673 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11684 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11695 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11706 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:11717 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11728 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13861 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13870 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13880 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13889 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13909 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:13920 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13931 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15271 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15293 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15303 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15445 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15456 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15467 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15478 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15500 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15511 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15522 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15856 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15911 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15914 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15933 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15936 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15944 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:15955 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15958 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16070 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16103 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16125 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16128 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16136 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16157 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:16160 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16178 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18124 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18132 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18140 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18188 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18212 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18220 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24570 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24610 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24634 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24658 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24682 msgid ", ," msgstr ", ," # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3136 msgid "<literal>type <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>type <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3139 msgid "display information on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\"コマンドに関する情報を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3144 msgid "<literal>apropos <key-word></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apropos <key-word></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3147 msgid "find commands related to \"<literal><key-word></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><key-word></literal>\"に関連したコマンドを発見" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3152 msgid "<literal>man -k <key-word></literal>" msgstr "<literal>man -k <key-word></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3160 msgid "<literal>whatis <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>whatis <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3163 msgid "display one line explanation on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\"コマンドに関する1行の説明を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3168 msgid "<literal>man -a <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>man -a <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3171 msgid "display explanation on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\" (Unix style)" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\"コマンドに関する説明を表示(Unixスタイル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3176 msgid "<literal>info <commandname></literal>" msgstr "<literal>info <commandname></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3179 msgid "display rather long explanation on command \"<literal><commandname></literal>\" (GNU style)" msgstr "\"<literal><commandname></literal>\"コマンドに関する比較的長い説明を表示(GNUスタイル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3184 msgid "<literal>ls</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3187 msgid "list contents of directory (non-dot files and directories)" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をリスト(非ドットファイルおよびディレクトリー)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3192 msgid "<literal>ls -a</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -a</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3195 msgid "list contents of directory (all files and directories)" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をリスト(全ファイルおよびディレクトリー)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3200 msgid "<literal>ls -A</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -A</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3203 msgid "list contents of directory (almost all files and directories, i.e., skip \"<literal>..</literal>\" and \"<literal>.</literal>\")" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をリスト(ほとんど全ファイルおよびディレクトリー、\"<literal>..</literal>\"と\"<literal>.</literal>\"をスキップ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3208 msgid "<literal>ls -la</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -la</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3211 msgid "list all contents of directory with detail information" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容を詳細情報とともにリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3216 msgid "<literal>ls -lai</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -lai</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3219 msgid "list all contents of directory with inode number and detail information" msgstr "ディレクトリーの内容をinode番号と詳細情報とともにリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3224 msgid "<literal>ls -d</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ls -d</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3227 msgid "list all directories under the current directory" msgstr "現ディレクトリーの中の全ディレクトリーをリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3232 msgid "<literal>tree</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tree</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3235 msgid "display file tree contents" msgstr "ファイルツリーの内容を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3240 msgid "<literal>lsof <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>lsof <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3243 msgid "list open status of file \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo></literal>\"ファイルのオープンの状態をリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3248 msgid "<literal>lsof -p <pid></literal>" msgstr "<literal>lsof -p <pid></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3251 msgid "list files opened by the process ID: \"<literal><pid></literal>\"" msgstr "プロセスID: \"<literal><pid></literal>\"によってオープンされたファイルをリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3256 msgid "<literal>mkdir <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>mkdir <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3259 msgid "make a new directory \"<literal><foo></literal>\" in the current directory" msgstr "現ディレクトリー中に\"<literal><foo></literal>\"という新規ディレクトリー作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3264 msgid "<literal>rmdir <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>rmdir <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3267 msgid "remove a directory \"<literal><foo></literal>\" in the current directory" msgstr "現ディレクトリー中の\"<literal><foo></literal>\"というディレクトリーを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3272 msgid "<literal>cd <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3275 msgid "change directory to the directory \"<literal><foo></literal>\" in the current directory or in the directory listed in the variable \"<literal>$CDPATH</literal>\"" msgstr "現ディレクトリー中もしくは\"<literal>$CDPATH</literal>\"変数中にリストされたディレクトリー中の\"<literal><foo></literal>\"というディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3280 msgid "<literal>cd /</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd /</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3283 msgid "change directory to the root directory" msgstr "ディレクトリーをルートディレクトリーに変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3288 msgid "<literal>cd</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3291 msgid "change directory to the current user's home directory" msgstr "現在のユーザーのホームディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3296 msgid "<literal>cd /<foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd /<foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3299 msgid "change directory to the absolute path directory \"<literal>/<foo></literal>\"" msgstr "絶対ディレクトリーパス\"<literal>/<foo></literal>\"にディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3304 msgid "<literal>cd ..</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd ..</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3307 msgid "change directory to the parent directory" msgstr "親ディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3312 msgid "<literal>cd ~<foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd ~<foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3315 msgid "change directory to the home directory of the user \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "ユーザー\"<literal><foo></literal>\"のホームディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3320 msgid "<literal>cd -</literal>" msgstr "<literal>cd -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3323 msgid "change directory to the previous directory" msgstr "一つ前のディレクトリーにディレクトリーを変更" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3328 msgid "<literal></etc/motd pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal></etc/motd pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3331 msgid "display contents of \"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" using the default pager" msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\"の内容をデフォールトのページャーで表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3336 msgid "<literal>touch <junkfile></literal>" msgstr "<literal>touch <junkfile></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3339 msgid "create a empty file \"<literal><junkfile></literal>\"" msgstr "空ファイル\"<literal><junkfile></literal>\"を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3344 msgid "<literal>cp <foo> <bar></literal>" msgstr "<literal>cp <foo> <bar></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3347 msgid "copy a existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new file \"<literal><bar></literal>\"" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を新規ファイル\"<literal><bar></literal>\"にコピー" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3352 msgid "<literal>rm <junkfile></literal>" msgstr "<literal>rm <junkfile></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3355 msgid "remove a file \"<literal><junkfile></literal>\"" msgstr "ファイル\"<literal><junkfile></literal>\"を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3368 msgid "<literal>mv <foo> <bar></literal>" msgstr "<literal>mv <foo> <bar></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3363 msgid "rename an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new name \"<literal><bar></literal>\" (\"<literal><bar></literal>\" must not exist)" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"の名前を新しい名前\"<literal><bar></literal>\"に変更(ディレクトリー\"<literal><bar></literal>\"が存在不可)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3371 msgid "move an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new location \"<literal><bar>/<foo></literal>\" (the directory \"<literal><bar></literal>\" must exist)" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を新しい場所\"<literal><bar>/<foo></literal>\"に移動(ディレクトリー\"<literal><bar></literal>\"が存在しなければいけない)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3376 msgid "<literal>mv <foo> <bar>/<baz></literal>" msgstr "<literal>mv <foo> <bar>/<baz></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3379 msgid "move an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to a new location with a new name \"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\" (the directory \"<literal><bar></literal>\" must exist but the directory \"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\" must not exist)" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を新しい場所の新しい名前のファイル\"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\"に移動(ディレクトリー\"<literal><bar></literal>\"が存在しなければいけないが、ディレクトリー\"<literal><bar>/<baz></literal>\"は存在してはいけない)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3384 msgid "<literal>chmod 600 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>chmod 600 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3387 msgid "make an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to be non-readable and non-writable by the other people (non-executable for all)" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を他人から読出し不可かつ書込み不可(全員実行不可)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3392 msgid "<literal>chmod 644 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>chmod 644 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3395 msgid "make an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to be readable but non-writable by the other people (non-executable for all)" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を他人からは読出し可だが書込み不可(全員実行不可)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3400 msgid "<literal>chmod 755 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>chmod 755 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3403 msgid "make an existing file \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to be readable but non-writable by the other people (executable for all)" msgstr "既存のファイル\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を他人からは読出し可だが書込み不可(全員実行可能)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3408 msgid "<literal>find . -name <pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>find . -name <pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3411 msgid "find matching filenames using shell \"<literal><pattern></literal>\" (slower)" msgstr "シェルで\"<literal><pattern></literal>\"にマッチするファイル名を探索(比較的遅い)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3416 msgid "<literal>locate -d . <pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>locate -d . <pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3419 msgid "find matching filenames using shell \"<literal><pattern></literal>\" (quicker using regularly generated database)" msgstr "シェルで\"<literal><pattern></literal>\"にマッチするファイル名を探索(定期的に生成されるデーターベースを使い比較的早い)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3424 msgid "<literal>grep -e \"<pattern>\" *.html</literal>" msgstr "<literal>grep -e \"<pattern>\" *.html</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3427 msgid "find a \"<pattern>\" in all files ending with \"<literal>.html</literal>\" in current directory and display them all" msgstr "現ディレクトリーにある\"<literal>.html</literal>\"で終わる全ファイルから\"<pattern>\"のパターンを検索し、該当する全ファイルを表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3432 msgid "<literal>top</literal>" msgstr "<literal>top</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3435 msgid "display process information using full screen, type \"<literal>q</literal>\" to quit" msgstr "フルスクリーンを用いてプロセス情報を表示し、\"<literal>q</literal>\"と押して終了" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3440 msgid "<literal>ps aux | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps aux | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3443 msgid "display information on all the running processes using BSD style output" msgstr "起動中の全プロセスの情報をBSDスタイルの出力を用いて表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3448 msgid "<literal>ps -ef | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps -ef | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3451 msgid "display information on all the running processes using Unix system-V style output" msgstr "起動中の全プロセスの情報をSystem-Vスタイルの出力を用いて表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3456 msgid "<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3459 msgid "display all processes running \"<literal>exim</literal>\" and \"<literal>exim4</literal>\"" msgstr " \"<literal>exim</literal>\"もしくは\"<literal>exim4</literal>\"の起動中の全プロセスを表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3464 msgid "<literal>ps axf | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ps axf | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3467 msgid "display information on all the running processes with ASCII art output" msgstr "起動中の全プロセスの情報をASCIIアート出力を用いて表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3472 msgid "<literal>kill <1234></literal>" msgstr "<literal>kill <1234></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3475 msgid "kill a process identified by the process ID: \"<1234>\"" msgstr "プロセスID\"<1234>\"により識別されるプロセスを停止" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3480 msgid "<literal>gzip <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>gzip <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3483 msgid "compress \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\" using the Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)" msgstr "Lempel-Zivコーディング(LZ77)を用いて\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を圧縮し\"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\"を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3488 msgid "<literal>gunzip <foo>.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal>gunzip <foo>.gz</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3491 msgid "decompress \"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.gz</literal>\"を解凍して\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3496 msgid "<literal>bzip2 <foo></literal>" msgstr "<literal>bzip2 <foo></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3499 msgid "compress \"<literal><foo></literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\" using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding (better compression than <literal>gzip</literal>)" msgstr "Burrows-Wheelerブロックソートテキスト圧縮アルゴリズムとHuffmanコーディングを用いて\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を圧縮し\"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\"を作成(gzipより高圧縮率)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3504 msgid "<literal>bunzip2 <foo>.bz2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>bunzip2 <foo>.bz2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3507 msgid "decompress \"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\" to create \"<literal><foo></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.bz2</literal>\"を解凍して\"<literal><foo></literal>\"を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3512 msgid "<literal>tar -xvf <foo>.tar</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -xvf <foo>.tar</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3515 msgid "extract files from \"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\" archive" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\"アーカイブからファイルを展開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3520 msgid "<literal>tar -xvzf <foo>.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -xvzf <foo>.tar.gz</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3523 msgid "extract files from gzipped \"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\" archive" msgstr "gzip圧縮された\"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\"アーカイブからファイルを展開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3528 msgid "<literal>tar -xvf -j <foo>.tar.bz2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -xvf -j <foo>.tar.bz2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3531 msgid "extract files from \"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\" archive" msgstr "\"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\"アーカイブからファイルを展開" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3536 msgid "<literal>tar -cvf <foo>.tar <bar>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -cvf <foo>.tar <bar>/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3539 msgid "archive contents of folder \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" in \"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\" archive" msgstr "フォルダ\"<literal><bar>/</literal>\"の内容を\"<literal><foo>.tar</literal>\"アーカイブにアーカイブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3544 msgid "<literal>tar -cvzf <foo>.tar.gz <bar>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -cvzf <foo>.tar.gz <bar>/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3547 msgid "archive contents of folder \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" in compressed \"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\" archive" msgstr "フォルダ\"<literal><bar>/</literal>\"の内容を\"<literal><foo>.tar.gz</literal>\"アーカイブに圧縮アーカイブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3552 msgid "<literal>tar -cvjf <foo>.tar.bz2 <bar>/</literal>" msgstr "<literal>tar -cvjf <foo>.tar.bz2 <bar>/</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3555 msgid "archive contents of folder \"<literal><bar>/</literal>\" in \"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\" archive" msgstr "フォルダ\"<literal><bar>/</literal>\"の内容を\"<literal><foo>.tar.bz2</literal>\"アーカイブに圧縮アーカイブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3560 msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz | pager</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz | pager</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3563 msgid "display contents of compressed \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" using the default pager" msgstr "標準のページャーを用いて圧縮された\"<literal>README.gz</literal>\"の内容を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3568 msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz > foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz > foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3571 msgid "create a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" with the decompressed content of \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>README.gz</literal>\"の内容を解凍してファイル\"<literal>foo</literal>\"を作成" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3576 msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz >> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz >> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3579 msgid "append the decompressed content of \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" to the end of the file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" (if it does not exist, create it first)" msgstr "圧縮された \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\"の内容をファイル\"<literal>foo</literal>\"の末尾に追加(ファイルが存在しない場合は事前に作成) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3586 msgid "Unix has a tradition to hide filenames which start with \"<literal>.</literal>\". They are traditionally files that contain configuration information and user preferences." msgstr "Unixは\"<literal>.</literal>\"で始まるファイル名を隠す伝統があります。それらは伝統的には特定の設定情報やユーザーの嗜好を含むファイルです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3589 msgid "For <literal>cd</literal> command, see <literal>builtins</literal>(7)." msgstr "<literal>cd</literal>コマンドに関しては<literal>builtins</literal>(7)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3592 msgid "The default pager of the bare bone Debian system is <literal>more</literal>(1) which cannot scroll back. By installing the <literal>less</literal> package using command line \"<literal>aptitude install less</literal>\", <literal>less</literal>(1) becomes default pager and you can scroll back with cursor keys." msgstr "最小限のDebianシステムのデフォールトのページャーは<literal>more</literal>(1)で、スクロールバックができません。<literal>less</literal>パッケージを\"<literal>aptitude install less</literal>\"と言うコマンドラインでインストールすると、<literal>less</literal>(1)が デフォールトのページャーになりカーソールキーでスクロールバック出来るようになります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3595 msgid "The \"<literal>[</literal>\" and \"<literal>]</literal>\" in the regular expression of the \"<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>\" command above enable <literal>grep</literal> to avoid matching itself. The \"<literal>4*</literal>\" in the regular expression means 0 or more repeats of character \"<literal>4</literal>\" thus enables <literal>grep</literal> to match both \"<literal>exim</literal>\" and \"<literal>exim4</literal>\". Although \"<literal>*</literal>\" is used in the shell filename glob and the regular expression, their meanings are different. Learn the regular expression from <literal>grep</literal>(1)." msgstr "上記の\"<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>\"コマンド中に現れる正規表現中の\"<literal>[</literal>\"と\"<literal>]</literal>\"は<literal>grep</literal>が自分自身にマッチするのを避けることを可能とします。正規表現中の\"<literal>4*</literal>\"は数字\"<literal>4</literal>\"の0回以上の繰り返しを意味するので、<literal>grep</literal>が\"<literal>exim</literal>\"と\"<literal>exim4</literal>\"の両方にマッチすることが可能になります。 \"<literal>*</literal>\"はシェルのファイルネームのグロブでも正規表現ででも使われますが、これらの意味は異なります。<literal>grep</literal>(1)から正規表現を学びましょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3597 msgid "Please traverse directories and peek into the system using the above commands as training. If you have questions on any of console commands, please make sure to read the manual page." msgstr "上記のコマンドを訓練として用いて、ディレクトリーを渡り歩き、システムの中を覗き込んで下さい。コンソールのコマンドに関して質問がある場合は、必ずマニュアルページを読んでみて下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3599 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ man man\n" "$ man bash\n" "$ man builtins\n" "$ man grep\n" "$ man ls" msgstr "" "$ man man\n" "$ man bash\n" "$ man builtins\n" "$ man grep\n" "$ man ls" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3604 msgid "The style of man pages may be a little hard to get used to, because they are rather terse, particularly the older, very traditional ones. But once you get used to it, you come to appreciate their succinctness." msgstr "マンページのスタイルは慣れるのに少々大変かもしれません。なぜなら特に比較的旧式の非常に伝統的なマンページは比較的言葉が少ないからです。しかし一旦慣れるとその簡潔さの良さが分かります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3605 msgid "Please note that many Unix-like commands including ones from GNU and BSD display brief help information if you invoke them in one of the following ways (or without any arguments in some cases)." msgstr "GNUやBSD由来を含む多くのUnix的なコマンドは次のように(場合によっては一切の引数無しで)起動すると簡単なヘルプ情報を表示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3606 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ <commandname> --help\n" "$ <commandname> -h" msgstr "" "$ <コマンド名> --help\n" "$ <コマンド名> -h" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3611 msgid "The simple shell command" msgstr "シェルプロンプト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3612 msgid "Now you have some feel on how to use the Debian system. Let's look deep into the mechanism of the command execution in the Debian system. Here, I have simplified reality for the newbie. See <literal>bash</literal>(1) for the exact explanation." msgstr "Debianシステムの使い方が少し分かったでしょう。Debianシステム上でのコマンド実行のメカニズムを掘り下げます。初心者のためにちょっと簡略化してみました。正確な説明は<literal>bash</literal>(1)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3613 msgid "A simple command is a sequence of components." msgstr "シンプルなコマンドは、次の要素のシーケンスとなります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3617 msgid "Variable assignments (optional)" msgstr "変数代入(任意) " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3622 msgid "Command name" msgstr "コマンド名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3627 msgid "Arguments (optional)" msgstr "引数(任意)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3632 msgid "Redirections (optional: <literal>></literal> , <literal>>></literal> , <literal><</literal> , <literal><<</literal> , etc.)" msgstr "リダイレクト(任意:<literal>></literal>と<literal>>></literal>と<literal><</literal>と<literal><<</literal>等。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3637 msgid "Control operator (optional: <literal>&&</literal> , <literal>||</literal> , <newline> , <literal>;</literal> , <literal>&</literal> , <literal>(</literal> , <literal>)</literal> )" msgstr "制御演算子(任意:<literal>&&</literal>と<literal>||</literal>と<改行>と<literal>;</literal>と<literal>&</literal>と<literal>(</literal>と<literal>)</literal>)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3642 msgid "Command execution and environment variable" msgstr "コマンド実行と環境変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3643 msgid "Values of some <ulink url=\"&environmentvariables;\">environment variables</ulink> change the behavior of some Unix commands." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&environmentvariables;\">環境変数</ulink>の値はUnixコマンドの挙動を変えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3644 msgid "Default values of environment variables are initially set by the PAM system and then some of them may be reset by some application programs." msgstr "環境変数のデフォールト値はPAMシステムが初期設定されます。その後次のような何らかのアプリケーションプログラムにより再設定されているかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3648 msgid "The display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal> resets environment variables." msgstr "<literal>gdm</literal>のようなディスプレーマネージャーは環境変数を再設定します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3653 msgid "The shell in its start up codes resets environment variables in \"<literal>~/bash_profile</literal>\" and \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>~/bash_profile</literal>\"や\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"にあるシェル起動コードの中でシェルは環境変数を再設定します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3659 msgid "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable" msgstr "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3660 msgid "The full locale value given to \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable consists of 3 parts: \"<literal>xx_YY.ZZZZ</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"変数に与えられる完全なロケール値は3つの部分からなります:\"<literal>xx_YY.ZZZZ</literal>\"。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3662 msgid "3 parts of locale value" msgstr "ロケールの値の3つの部分" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3669 msgid "locale value" msgstr "ロケールの値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3679 msgid "<literal>xx</literal>" msgstr "<literal>xx</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3682 msgid "<ulink url=\"&isogdjlanguagecoowercasesuchasen;\">ISO 639 language codes (lower case) such as \"en\"</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&isogdjlanguagecoowercasesuchasen;\">ISO 639言語コード(小文字)、例えば\"en\"</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3687 msgid "<literal>YY</literal>" msgstr "<literal>YY</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3690 msgid "<ulink url=\"&isodbggcountrycoppercasesuchasus;\">ISO 3166 country codes (upper case) such as \"US\"</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&isodbggcountrycoppercasesuchasus;\">ISO 3166国コード(大文字)、例えば\"US\"</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3695 msgid "<literal>ZZZZ</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ZZZZ</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3698 msgid "<ulink url=\"&codesetalwayssettoutfi;\">codeset, always set to \"UTF-8\"</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&codesetalwayssettoutfi;\">コードセット、常に\"UTF-8\"と設定</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3704 msgid "For language codes and country codes, see pertinent description in the \"<literal>info gettext</literal>\"." msgstr "言語コードと国コードは\"<literal>info gettext</literal>\"中の該当記述を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3705 msgid "For the codeset on the modern Debian system, you should always set it to <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>UTF-8</literal></emphasis> unless you specifically want to use the historic one with good reason and background knowledge." msgstr "現代的なDebianシステム上では、十分な理由と必要な知見をもって歴史的なコードセットを特段希望しない限り、常にコードセットを<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>UTF-8</literal></emphasis>と設定すべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3706 msgid "For fine details of the locale configuration, see <xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>." msgstr "ロケールの詳細に関しては、<xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3708 msgid "The \"<literal>LANG=en_US</literal>\" is not \"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" nor \"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\". It is \"<literal>LANG=en_US.ISO-8859-1</literal>\" (see <xref linkend=\"_basics_of_encoding\"/>)." msgstr "\"<literal>LANG=en_US</literal>\"は、\"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\"でも、\"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"でもありません。それは\"<literal>LANG=en_US.ISO-8859-1</literal>\"です(<xref linkend=\"_basics_of_encoding\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3711 msgid "List of locale recommendations" msgstr "推奨ロケール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3718 msgid "locale recommendation" msgstr "推奨ロケール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3721 msgid "Language (area)" msgstr "言語(地域)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3728 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18955 msgid "<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3731 msgid "English(USA)" msgstr "英語(米国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3736 msgid "<literal>en_GB.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>en_GB.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3739 msgid "English(Great_Britain)" msgstr "英語(英国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3744 msgid "<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3747 msgid "French(France)" msgstr "フランス語(フランス)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3752 msgid "<literal>de_DE.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>de_DE.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3755 msgid "German(Germany)" msgstr "ドイツ語(ドイツ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3760 msgid "<literal>it_IT.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>it_IT.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3763 msgid "Italian(Italy)" msgstr "イタリア語(イタリア)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3768 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18966 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:18998 msgid "<literal>es_ES.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>es_ES.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3771 msgid "Spanish(Spain)" msgstr "スペイン語(スペイン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3776 msgid "<literal>ca_ES.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ca_ES.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3779 msgid "Catalan(Spain)" msgstr "カタラン語(スペイン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3784 msgid "<literal>sv_SE.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sv_SE.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3787 msgid "Swedish(Sweden)" msgstr "スウェーデン語(スウェーデン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3792 msgid "<literal>pt_BR.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>pt_BR.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3795 msgid "Portuguese(Brazil)" msgstr "ポルトガル語(ブラジル)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3800 msgid "<literal>ru_RU.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ru_RU.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3803 msgid "Russian(Russia)" msgstr "ロシア語(ロシア)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3808 msgid "<literal>zh_CN.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zh_CN.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3811 msgid "Chinese(P.R._of_China)" msgstr "中国語(中華人民共和国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3816 msgid "<literal>zh_TW.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>zh_TW.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3819 msgid "Chinese(Taiwan_R.O.C.)" msgstr "中国語(台湾_R.O.C.)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3824 msgid "<literal>ja_JP.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ja_JP.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3827 msgid "Japanese(Japan)" msgstr "日本語(日本)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3832 msgid "<literal>ko_KR.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>ko_KR.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3835 msgid "Korean(Republic_of_Korea)" msgstr "韓国語(大韓民国)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3840 msgid "<literal>vi_VN.UTF-8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>vi_VN.UTF-8</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3843 msgid "Vietnamese(Vietnam)" msgstr "ベトナム語(ベトナム)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3849 msgid "Typical command execution uses a shell line sequence as the following." msgstr "典型的なコマンドの実行は次のようなシェルの行シーケンスを用います。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3850 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ date\n" "Sun Jun 3 10:27:39 JST 2007\n" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" msgstr "" "$ date\n" "Sun Jun 3 10:27:39 JST 2007\n" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3854 msgid "Here, the program <literal>date</literal>(1) is executed with different values of the environment variable \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"." msgstr "以上で、<literal>date</literal>(1)プログラムは異なる環境変数\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"値で実行されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3858 msgid "For the first command, \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" is set to the system default <ulink url=\"&locale;\">locale</ulink> value \"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"." msgstr "最初のコマンドでは、\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"はシステムでフォルトの<ulink url=\"&locale;\">ロケール</ulink>値\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"に設定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3863 msgid "For the second command, \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" is set to the French UTF-8 <ulink url=\"&locale;\">locale</ulink> value \"<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>\"." msgstr "二番目のコマンドでは、\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"はフランス語のUTF-8<ulink url=\"&locale;\">ロケール</ulink>値\"<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>\"に設定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3867 msgid "Most command executions usually do not have preceding environment variable definition. For the above example, you can alternatively execute as the following." msgstr "ほとんどのコマンド実行は頭に環境変数定義をつけないのが普通です。上記の例の代わりに次のように実行します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3868 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8\n" "$ date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" msgstr "" "$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8\n" "$ date\n" "dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3871 msgid "As you can see here, the output of command is affected by the environment variable to produce French output. If you want the environment variable to be inherited to subprocesses (e.g., when calling shell script), you need to <emphasis role=\"strong\">export</emphasis> it instead by the following." msgstr "ここで確認できるように、コマンドの出力は環境変数に影響されフランス語の出力となっています。もし環境変数を(例えばシェルスクリプトを呼んでいて)サブプロセスに引き継ぎたい際には、次のように環境変数を<emphasis role=\"strong\">export</emphasis>(エクスポート)しなければいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3872 #, no-wrap msgid "$ export LANG" msgstr "$ export LANG" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3874 msgid "When filing a bug report, running and checking the command under \"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" is good idea if you use non-English environment." msgstr "バグ報告をする際には、非英語環境を使っているなら、プログラムを\"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"の下で実行し確認することが望ましいです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3876 msgid "See <literal>locale</literal>(5) and <literal>locale</literal>(7) for \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" and related environment variables." msgstr "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"とこれに関連した環境変数に関しては、<literal>locale</literal>(5)と<literal>locale</literal>(7)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3878 msgid "I recommend you to configure the system environment just by the \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable and to stay away from \"<literal>$LC_*</literal>\" variables unless it is absolutely needed." msgstr "特段必要がなければ\"<literal>$LC_*</literal>\"変数を避けて、\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"変数のみを用いてシステム環境設定する事をお薦めします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3882 msgid "\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" variable" msgstr "\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\"変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3883 msgid "When you type a command into the shell, the shell searches the command in the list of directories contained in the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable. The value of the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable is also called the shell's search path." msgstr "シェルにコマンドを打ち込んだ際に、シェルは\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\"環境変数にリストされたディレクトリーのリストから検索します。\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\"環境変数の値は、シェルの検索パスとも呼ばれます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3884 msgid "In the default Debian installation, the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable of user accounts may not include \"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/sbin</literal>\". For example, the <literal>ifconfig</literal> command needs to be issued with full path as \"<literal>/sbin/ifconfig</literal>\". (Similar <literal>ip</literal> command is located in \"<literal>/bin</literal>\".)" msgstr "標準のDebianインストールでは、ユーザーアカウントの\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\"環境変数には\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\"や\"<literal>/usr/sbin</literal>\"が含まれないかもしれません。例えば、<literal>ifconfig</literal>コマンドは\"<literal>/sbin/ifconfig</literal>\"とフルパスを使って実行する必要があります。(類似の<literal>ip</literal>コマンドは\"<literal>/bin</literal>\"にあります。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3885 msgid "You can change the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable of Bash shell by \"<literal>~/.bash_profile</literal>\" or \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" files." msgstr "Bashシェルの\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\"環境変数は、\"<literal>~/.bash_profile</literal>\"か\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"ファイルで変更できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3888 msgid "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" variable" msgstr "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"変数" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3889 msgid "Many commands stores user specific configuration in the home directory and changes their behavior by their contents. The home directory is identified by the environment variable \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"." msgstr "多くのコマンドはユーザー特定の設定をホームディレクトリーに保存し、その内容でコマンドの挙動が変わります。ホームディレクトリーは\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"環境変数で指定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3891 msgid "List of \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" values" msgstr "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"の値のリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3898 msgid "value of \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"の値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3901 msgid "program execution situation" msgstr "プログラム実行状況" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3911 msgid "program run by the init process (daemon)" msgstr "initプロセスが実行するプログラム(デーモン)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3916 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3948 msgid "<literal>/root</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/root</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3919 msgid "program run from the normal root shell" msgstr "通常のrootシェルから実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3924 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3932 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3940 msgid "<literal>/home/<normal_user></literal>" msgstr "<literal>/home/<normal_user></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3927 msgid "program run from the normal user shell" msgstr "通常のユーザーシェルから実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3935 msgid "program run from the normal user GUI desktop menu" msgstr "通常のユーザーのGUIデスクトップメニューから実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3943 msgid "program run as root with \"<literal>sudo program</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>sudo program</literal>\"を用いてrootとして実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3951 msgid "program run as root with \"<literal>sudo -H program</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>sudo -H program</literal>\"を用いてrootとして実行されるプログラム" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3958 msgid "Shell expands \"<literal>~/</literal>\" to current user’s home directory, i.e., \"<literal>$HOME/</literal>\". Shell expands \"<literal>~foo/</literal>\" to <literal>foo</literal>'s home directory, i.e., \"<literal>/home/foo/</literal>\"." msgstr "シェルは、\"<literal>~/</literal>\"を現ユーザーのホームディレクトリーである\"<literal>$HOME/</literal>\"へと展開します。シェルは、\"<literal>~foo/</literal>\"をユーザー<literal>foo</literal>のホームディレクトリーである\"<literal>/home/foo/</literal>\"へと展開します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3962 msgid "Command line options" msgstr "コマンドラインオプション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3963 msgid "Some commands take arguments. Arguments starting with \"<literal>-</literal>\" or \"<literal>--</literal>\" are called options and control the behavior of the command." msgstr "プログラムコマンドによっては引数があります。引数は\"<literal>-</literal>\"か\"<literal>--</literal>\"で始まり、オプションと呼ばれ、コマンドの挙動をコントロールします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3964 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ date\n" "Mon Oct 27 23:02:09 CET 2003\n" "$ date -R\n" "Mon, 27 Oct 2003 23:02:40 +0100" msgstr "" "$ date\n" "Mon Oct 27 23:02:09 CET 2003\n" "$ date -R\n" "Mon, 27 Oct 2003 23:02:40 +0100" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3968 msgid "Here the command-line argument \"<literal>-R</literal>\" changes <literal>date</literal>(1) behavior to output <ulink url=\"&rfccicc;\">RFC2822</ulink> compliant date string." msgstr "上記で、コマンドライン引数\"<literal>-R</literal>\"が<literal>date</literal>(1)の挙動を<ulink url=\"&rfccicc;\">RFC2822</ulink>準拠の日付文字列出力と変えています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3971 msgid "Shell glob" msgstr "シェルグロブ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3972 msgid "Often you want a command to work with a group of files without typing all of them. The filename expansion pattern using the shell <emphasis role=\"strong\">glob</emphasis>, (sometimes referred as <emphasis role=\"strong\">wildcards</emphasis>), facilitate this need." msgstr "ファイル名を全てタイプせずにファイルのグループをコマンド処理したいことがよくあります。シェルの<emphasis role=\"strong\">グロブ</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">ワイルドカード</emphasis>とも時々呼ばれる)を用いたファイル名のパターン展開を用いるとこのニーズに答えられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3974 msgid "Shell glob patterns" msgstr "シェルグロブパターン" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3981 msgid "shell glob pattern" msgstr "シェルグロブパターン" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3984 msgid "description of match rule" msgstr "マッチルールの説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3991 msgid "<literal>*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3994 msgid "filename (segment) not started with \"<literal>.</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>.</literal>\"で始まらないファイル(部分)名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3999 msgid "<literal>.*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>.*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4002 msgid "filename (segment) started with \"<literal>.</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>.</literal>\"で始まるファイル(部分)名" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4007 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6291 msgid "<literal>?</literal>" msgstr "<literal>?</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4010 msgid "exactly one character" msgstr "1文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4015 msgid "<literal>[…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4018 msgid "exactly one character with any character enclosed in brackets" msgstr "括弧中の1文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4023 msgid "<literal>[a-z]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4026 msgid "exactly one character with any character between \"<literal>a</literal>\" and \"<literal>z</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>a</literal>\"と\"<literal>z</literal>\"の範囲間の1文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4031 msgid "<literal>[^…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[^…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4034 msgid "exactly one character other than any character enclosed in brackets (excluding \"<literal>^</literal>\")" msgstr "括弧内( \"<literal>^</literal>\"以外)に含まれる文字以外の1文字 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4041 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ mkdir junk; cd junk; touch 1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo *.txt\n" "1.txt 2.txt\n" "$ echo *\n" "1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo *.[hc]\n" "3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo .*\n" ". .. .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo .*[^.]*\n" ".5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo [^1-3]*\n" "4.h\n" "$ cd ..; rm -rf junk" msgstr "" "$ mkdir junk; cd junk; touch 1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo *.txt\n" "1.txt 2.txt\n" "$ echo *\n" "1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo *.[hc]\n" "3.c 4.h\n" "$ echo .*\n" ". .. .5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo .*[^.]*\n" ".5.txt ..6.txt\n" "$ echo [^1-3]*\n" "4.h\n" "$ cd ..; rm -rf junk" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4055 msgid "See <literal>glob</literal>(7)." msgstr "<literal>glob</literal>(7)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4057 msgid "Unlike normal filename expansion by the shell, the shell pattern \"<literal>*</literal>\" tested in <literal>find</literal>(1) with \"<literal>-name</literal>\" test etc., matches the initial \"<literal>.</literal>\" of the filename. (New <ulink url=\"&posix;\">POSIX</ulink> feature)" msgstr "通常のシェルのファイル名の展開と違い、<literal>find</literal>(1)が\"<literal>-name</literal>\"テスト他でシェルパターン\"<literal>*</literal>\"をテストする際にはファイル名先頭の\"<literal>.</literal>\"ともマッチします。(新<ulink url=\"&posix;\">POSIX</ulink>機能)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4060 msgid "BASH can be tweaked to change its glob behavior with its shopt builtin options such as \"<literal>dotglob</literal>\", \"<literal>noglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nullglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", \"<literal>extglob</literal>\", etc. See <literal>bash</literal>(1)." msgstr "BASHはshopt組み込みオプションで\"<literal>dotglob</literal>\"や\"<literal>noglob</literal>\"や\"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\"や\"<literal>nullglob</literal>\"や\"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\"や\"<literal>extglob</literal>\"などとすることでグロブ挙動を色々変更できま>す。<literal>bash</literal>(1)を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4064 msgid "Return value of the command" msgstr "コマンドの戻り値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4065 msgid "Each command returns its exit status (variable: \"<literal>$?</literal>\") as the return value." msgstr "各コマンドは終了ステータスを戻り値(変数:\"<literal>$?</literal>\")として返します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4067 msgid "Command exit codes" msgstr "コマンドの終了コード" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4075 msgid "command exit status" msgstr "コマンドの終了状態" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4078 msgid "numeric return value" msgstr "戻り値の数値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4081 msgid "logical return value" msgstr "戻り値の論理値" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4088 msgid "success" msgstr "成功" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4091 msgid "zero, 0" msgstr "ゼロ、0" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4094 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">TRUE</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">真</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4099 msgid "error" msgstr "失敗" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4102 msgid "non-zero, -1" msgstr "非ゼロ、-1" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4105 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">FALSE</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">偽</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4112 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ [ 1 = 1 ] ; echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ [ 1 = 2 ] ; echo $?\n" "1" msgstr "" "$ [ 1 = 1 ] ; echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ [ 1 = 2 ] ; echo $?\n" "1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4117 msgid "Please note that, in the logical context for the shell, <emphasis role=\"strong\">success</emphasis> is treated as the logical <emphasis role=\"strong\">TRUE</emphasis> which has 0 (zero) as its value. This is somewhat non-intuitive and needs to be reminded here." msgstr "シェルの論理的な観点では、<emphasis role=\"strong\">成功</emphasis>は、0(ゼロ)の値を持つ論理的<emphasis role=\"strong\">真</emphasis>として扱われることに注意して下さい。少々これは非直感的なのでここで再確認する必要があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4121 msgid "Typical command sequences and shell redirection" msgstr "典型的なコマンドシーケンスとシェルリディレクション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4122 msgid "Let's try to remember following shell command idioms typed in one line as a part of shell command." msgstr "次に挙げるシェルコマンドの一部として一行でタイプするシェルコマンドの慣用句を覚えましょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4124 msgid "Shell command idioms" msgstr "シェルコマンドの慣用句" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4131 msgid "command idiom" msgstr "コマンドの慣用句" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4141 msgid "<literal>command &</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command &</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4143 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">background</emphasis> execution of <literal>command</literal> in the subshell" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>をサブシェル中で<emphasis role=\"strong\">バックグラウンド</emphasis>実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4148 msgid "<literal>command1 | command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 | command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4150 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> the standard output of <literal>command1</literal> to the standard input of <literal>command2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">concurrent</emphasis> execution)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal>の標準出力を<literal>command2</literal>の標準入力に<emphasis role=\"strong\">パイプ</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">同時並行</emphasis>で実行)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4155 msgid "<literal>command1 2>&1 | command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 2>&1 | command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4157 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> both standard output and standard error of <literal>command1</literal> to the standard input of <literal>command2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">concurrent</emphasis> execution)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal>の標準出力と標準エラー出力を<literal>command2</literal>の標準入力に<emphasis role=\"strong\">パイプ</emphasis>(<emphasis role=\"strong\">同時進行</emphasis>で実行)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4162 msgid "<literal>command1 ; command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 ; command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4165 msgid "execute <literal>command1</literal> and <literal>command2</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis>" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal>を実行し、<emphasis role=\"strong\">後に続いて</emphasis><literal>command2</literal>を実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4170 msgid "<literal>command1 && command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 && command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4173 msgid "execute <literal>command1</literal>; if successful, execute <literal>command2</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis> (return success if both <literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">and</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> are successful)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal>を実行; もし成功したら、<emphasis role=\"strong\">後に続いて</emphasis><literal>command2</literal>を実行(<literal>command1</literal><emphasis role=\"strong\">と</emphasis><literal>command2</literal>の両方が成功したら、正常終了を返す)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4178 msgid "<literal>command1 || command2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command1 || command2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4181 msgid "execute <literal>command1</literal>; if not successful, execute <literal>command2</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis> (return success if <literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">or</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal> are successful)" msgstr "<literal>command1</literal>を実行; もし成功しなかったら、<emphasis role=\"strong\">後に続いて</emphasis><literal>command2</literal>を実行(<literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">か</emphasis> <literal>command2</literal>のどちらかが成功したら、正常終了を返す) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4186 msgid "<literal>command > foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command > foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4189 msgid "redirect standard output of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (overwrite)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準出力を<literal>foo</literal>ファイルにリダイレクト (上書き)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4194 msgid "<literal>command 2> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command 2> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4197 msgid "redirect standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (overwrite)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準エラー出力を<literal>foo</literal>ファイルにリダイレクト (上書き) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4202 msgid "<literal>command >> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command >> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4205 msgid "redirect standard output of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (append)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準出力を<literal>foo</literal>ファイルにリダイレクト (追記) " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4210 msgid "<literal>command 2>> foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command 2>> foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4213 msgid "redirect standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal> (append)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準エラー出力を<literal>foo</literal>ファイルにリダイレクト (追記)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4218 msgid "<literal>command > foo 2>&1</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command > foo 2>&1</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4221 msgid "redirect both standard output and standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\"" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準出力と標準エラー出力を<literal>foo</literal>ファイルにリダイレクト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4226 msgid "<literal>command < foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command < foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4229 msgid "redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to a file <literal>foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準入力を<literal>foo</literal>ファイルからリダイレクト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4234 msgid "<literal>command << delimiter</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command << delimiter</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4237 msgid "redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to the following lines until \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" is met (here document)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準入力を\"<literal>delimiter</literal>\"に出会うまでのこれに続く行からリダイレクト(ヒアドキュメント)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4242 msgid "<literal>command <<- delimiter</literal>" msgstr "<literal>command <<- delimiter</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4245 msgid "redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to the following lines until \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" is met (here document, the leading tab characters are stripped from input lines)" msgstr "<literal>command</literal>の標準入力を\"<literal>delimiter</literal>\"に出会うまでのこれに続く行からリダイレクト(ヒアドキュメント、行頭のタブ文字は入力から削除)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4251 msgid "The Debian system is a multi-tasking system. Background jobs allow users to run multiple programs in a single shell. The management of the background process involves the shell builtins: <literal>jobs</literal>, <literal>fg</literal>, <literal>bg</literal>, and <literal>kill</literal>. Please read sections of bash(1) under \"SIGNALS\", and \"JOB CONTROL\", and <literal>builtins</literal>(1)." msgstr "Debianシステムはマルチタスクシステムです。バックグラウンドジョブを使うと単一シェルの下で複数プログラムを実行可能にします。バックグラウンドジョブの管理にはシェル内部組み込みコマンドの<literal>jobs</literal>や<literal>fg</literal>や<literal>bg</literal>や<literal>kill</literal>を使います。bash(1)マンページ中の\"SIGNALS\"と\"JOB CONTROL\"セクションや<literal>builtins</literal>(1)を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4253 #, no-wrap msgid "$ </etc/motd pager" msgstr "$ </etc/motd pager" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4254 #, no-wrap msgid "$ pager </etc/motd" msgstr "$ pager </etc/motd" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4255 #, no-wrap msgid "$ pager /etc/motd" msgstr "$ pager /etc/motd" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4256 #, no-wrap msgid "$ cat /etc/motd | pager" msgstr "$ cat /etc/motd | pager" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4257 msgid "Although all 4 examples of shell redirections display the same thing, the last example runs an extra <literal>cat</literal> command and wastes resources with no reason." msgstr "4つ全ての例が全く同じ表示をしますが、最後の例は余計な<literal>cat</literal>コマンドを実行するので理由なくリソースの無駄遣いをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4258 msgid "The shell allows you to open files using the <literal>exec</literal> builtin with an arbitrary file descriptor." msgstr "シェルでは<literal>exec</literal>組み込みコマンドを任意のファイルディスクリプタとともに使いファイルをオープンすることができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4259 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo Hello >foo\n" "$ exec 3<foo 4>bar # open files\n" "$ cat <&3 >&4 # redirect stdin to 3, stdout to 4\n" "$ exec 3<&- 4>&- # close files\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Hello" msgstr "" "$ echo Hello >foo\n" "$ exec 3<foo 4>bar # open files\n" "$ cat <&3 >&4 # redirect stdin to 3, stdout to 4\n" "$ exec 3<&- 4>&- # close files\n" "$ cat bar\n" "Hello" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4265 msgid "Here, \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis><&-</literal>\" and \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>>&-</literal>\" mean to close the file descriptor \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis></literal>\"." msgstr "上記で、\"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis><&-</literal>\"と\"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>>&-</literal>\" はファイルディスクリプタ\"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis></literal>\"をクローズするという意味です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4266 msgid "The file descriptor 0-2 are predefined." msgstr "ファイルデスクリプタの0-2は事前定義されています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4268 msgid "Predefined file descriptors" msgstr "事前定義されたファイルデスクリプタ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4276 msgid "device" msgstr "デバイス" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4282 msgid "file descriptor" msgstr "ファイルデスクリプタ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4289 msgid "<literal>stdin</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stdin</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4292 msgid "standard input" msgstr "標準出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4295 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9759 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:20048 msgid "0" msgstr "0" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4300 msgid "<literal>stdout</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stdout</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4303 msgid "standard output" msgstr "標準出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4306 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8488 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:9770 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11146 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:20416 msgid "1" msgstr "1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4311 msgid "<literal>stderr</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stderr</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4314 msgid "standard error" msgstr "標準エラー出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4317 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9781 msgid "2" msgstr "2" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4325 msgid "Command alias" msgstr "コマンドエリアス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4326 msgid "You can set an alias for the frequently used command." msgstr "良く使うコマンドにエイリアスを設定できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4328 #, no-wrap msgid "$ alias la='ls -la'" msgstr "$ alias la='ls -la'" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4329 msgid "Now, \"<literal>la</literal>\" works as a short hand for \"<literal>ls -la</literal>\" which lists all files in the long listing format." msgstr "こうすると、\"<literal>la</literal>\"が\"<literal>ls -la</literal>\"の短縮形として機能し、全てのファイルを長いリスト形式でリストします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4330 msgid "You can list any existing aliases by <literal>alias</literal> (see <literal>bash</literal>(1) under \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\")." msgstr "既存のエリアスは<literal>alias</literal>でリストできます(<literal>bash</literal>(1)の\"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\"参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4331 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ alias\n" "...\n" "alias la='ls -la'" msgstr "" "$ alias\n" "...\n" "alias la='ls -la'" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4334 msgid "You can identity exact path or identity of the command by <literal>type</literal> (see <literal>bash</literal>(1) under \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\")." msgstr "<literal>type</literal>内部コマンドを使うと正確なパスやコマンドの正体を識別できます(<literal>bash</literal>(1)の\"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\"下参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4336 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ type ls\n" "ls is hashed (/bin/ls)\n" "$ type la\n" "la is aliased to ls -la\n" "$ type echo\n" "echo is a shell builtin\n" "$ type file\n" "file is /usr/bin/file" msgstr "" "$ type ls\n" "ls is hashed (/bin/ls)\n" "$ type la\n" "la is aliased to ls -la\n" "$ type echo\n" "echo is a shell builtin\n" "$ type file\n" "file is /usr/bin/file" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4344 msgid "Here <literal>ls</literal> was recently searched while \"<literal>file</literal>\" was not, thus \"<literal>ls</literal>\" is \"hashed\", i.e., the shell has an internal record for the quick access to the location of the \"<literal>ls</literal>\" command." msgstr "上記で、<literal>ls</literal>は最近探索されましたが\"<literal>file</literal>\" は最近探索されていませので、\"<literal>ls</literal>\"は\"ハッシュされた\"つまりシェルには\"<literal>ls</literal>\"コマンドの場所を高速アクセスのために内部記録していると表示されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4346 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4690 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4351 msgid "Unix-like text processing" msgstr "Unix的テキスト処理" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4352 msgid "In Unix-like work environment, text processing is done by piping text through chains of standard text processing tools. This was another crucial Unix innovation." msgstr "Unix的作業環境では、テキスト処理はテキストを標準テキスト処理ツールの連鎖パイプを通す行います。これは決定的なUnixの発明です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4354 msgid "Unix text tools" msgstr "Unixテキストツール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4355 msgid "There are few standard text processing tools which are used very often on the Unix-like system." msgstr "Unix的システムでしばしば使われる標準テキスト処理ツールがいくつかあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4359 msgid "No regular expression is used:" msgstr "正規表現無使用:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4363 msgid "<literal>cat</literal>(1) concatenates files and outputs the whole content." msgstr "<literal>cat</literal>(1)はファイルをつなぎ合わせ全てを出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4367 msgid "<literal>tac</literal>(1) concatenates files and outputs in reverse." msgstr "<literal>tac</literal>(1)はファイルをつなぎ合わせ逆順で出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4371 msgid "<literal>cut</literal>(1) selects parts of lines and outputs." msgstr "<literal>cut</literal>(1)は行の一部を選択し出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4375 msgid "<literal>head</literal>(1) outputs the first part of files." msgstr "<literal>head</literal>(1)はファイルの最初の部分を選択し出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4379 msgid "<literal>tail</literal>(1) outputs the last part of files." msgstr "<literal>tail</literal>(1)はファイルの最後の部分を選択し出力します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4383 msgid "<literal>sort</literal>(1) sorts lines of text files." msgstr "<literal>sort</literal>(1)は行を順番に並び替えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4387 msgid "<literal>uniq</literal>(1) removes duplicate lines from a sorted file." msgstr "<literal>uniq</literal>(1)は順番に並べられたファイルから重複行を削除します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4391 msgid "<literal>tr</literal>(1) translates or deletes characters." msgstr "<literal>tr</literal>(1)は文字を変換削除します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4395 msgid "<literal>diff</literal>(1) compares files line by line." msgstr "<literal>diff</literal>(1)は1行ごとにファイルを比較します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4402 msgid "Basic regular expression (<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>) is used:" msgstr "基本正規表現(<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>)使用:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4406 msgid "<literal>grep</literal>(1) matches text with patterns." msgstr "<literal>egrep</literal>(1)はテキストのパターンマッチをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4410 msgid "<literal>ed</literal>(1) is a primitive line editor." msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1)は原始的な行エディター。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4414 msgid "<literal>sed</literal>(1) is a stream editor." msgstr "<literal>sed</literal>(1)はストリームエディター。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4418 msgid "<literal>vim</literal>(1) is a screen editor." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1)はスクリーンエディター。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4422 msgid "<literal>emacs</literal>(1) is a screen editor. (somewhat extended <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>)" msgstr "<literal>emacs</literal>(1)はスクリーンエディター。(ちょっと拡張された<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4429 msgid "Extended regular expression (<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>) is used:" msgstr "拡張正規表現(<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>)使用:" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4433 msgid "<literal>egrep</literal>(1) matches text with patterns." msgstr "<literal>egrep</literal>(1)はテキストのパターンマッチをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4437 msgid "<literal>awk</literal>(1) does simple text processing." msgstr "<literal>awk</literal>(1)は単純なテキスト処理をします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4441 msgid "<literal>tcl</literal>(3tcl) can do every conceivable text processing: <literal>re_syntax</literal>(3). Often used with <literal>tk</literal>(3tk)." msgstr "<literal>tcl</literal>(3tcl)は考え得る全てのテキスト処理をします:<literal>re_syntax</literal>(3)。時々<literal>tk</literal>(3tk)とともに使用されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4445 msgid "<literal>perl</literal>(1) can do every conceivable text processing. <literal>perlre</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>perl</literal>(1)は考え得る全てのテキスト処理をします。<literal>perlre</literal>(1)." # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4449 msgid "<literal>pcregrep</literal>(1) from the <literal>pcregrep</literal> package matches text with <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE)</ulink> pattern." msgstr "<literal>pcregrep</literal>パッケージの<literal>pcregrep</literal>(1) はテキストのパターンマッチを<ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl互換正規表現(PCRE)</ulink>パターンを使ってします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4453 msgid "<literal>python</literal>(1) with the <literal>re</literal> module can do every conceivable text processing. See \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/python/html/index.html</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>re</literal>モジュールとともに使うことで<literal>python</literal>(1)は考え得る全てのテキスト処理をします。\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/python/html/index.html</literal>\"を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4459 msgid "If you are not sure what exactly these commands do, please use \"<literal>man command</literal>\" to figure it out by yourself." msgstr "もしこれらのコマンドが正確にどう動作するかを確認したいなら、\"<literal>man command</literal>\"を使って自分で見つけましょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4461 msgid "Sort order and range expression are locale dependent. If you wish to obtain traditional behavior for a command, use <emphasis role=\"strong\">C</emphasis> locale instead of <emphasis role=\"strong\">UTF-8</emphasis> ones by prepnding command with \"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" (see <xref linkend=\"_literal_lang_literal_variable\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>)." msgstr "ソート順や範囲表現はロケールに依存します。コマンドの伝統的挙動を得たい際には、\"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\"をコマンドの前に付けて<emphasis role=\"strong\">UTF-8</emphasis>ロケールではなく<emphasis role=\"strong\">C</emphasis>ロケールでコマンドを使います。(<xref linkend=\"_literal_lang_literal_variable\"/>と<xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>を参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4464 msgid "<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink> regular expressions (<literal>perlre</literal>(1)), <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE)</ulink>, and <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink> regular expressions offered by the <literal>re</literal> module have many common extensions to the normal <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink>正規表現(<literal>perlre</literal>(1))と<ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl互換正規表現(PCRE)</ulink>と<literal>re</literal>モジュールで提供される<ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink>正規表現は<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>に多くの共通の拡張をしています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4468 msgid "Regular expressions" msgstr "正規表現" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4469 msgid "<ulink url=\"®ularexpressions;\">Regular expressions</ulink> are used in many text processing tools. They are analogous to the shell globs, but they are more complicated and powerful." msgstr "<ulink url=\"®ularexpressions;\">正規表現</ulink>は多くのテキスト処理ツールで使われています。シェルグロブに類似していますがより複雑で強力です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4470 msgid "The regular expression describes the matching pattern and is made up of text characters and <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>." msgstr "正規表現はマッチするパターンを表現し、テキスト文字と<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>からなっています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4471 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacter</emphasis> is just a character with a special meaning. There are 2 major styles, <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>, depending on the text tools as described above." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>は特別な意味を持った文字です。上記のようにテキストツールによって、<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>と<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>の2つの主要なスタイルがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4473 msgid "Metacharacters for BRE and ERE" msgstr "BREとEREのメタ文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4481 msgid "BRE" msgstr "BRE" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4484 msgid "ERE" msgstr "ERE" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4487 msgid "description of the regular expression" msgstr "正規表現の説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4494 msgid "<literal> \\ . [ ] ^ $ * </literal>" msgstr "<literal> \\ . [ ] ^ $ * </literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4497 msgid "<literal>\\ . [ ] ^ $ *</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\ . [ ] ^ $ *</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4500 msgid "common <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>" msgstr "共通の<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4505 msgid "<literal>\\+ \\? \\( \\) \\{ \\} \\|</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\+ \\? \\( \\) \\{ \\} \\|</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4508 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4516 msgid " " msgstr " " #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4511 msgid "BRE only \"<literal>\\</literal>\" escaped <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>" msgstr "\"<literal>\\</literal>\"でエスケープされた、BREのみで用いる<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4519 msgid "<literal>+ ? ( ) { } |</literal>" msgstr "<literal>+ ? ( ) { } |</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4522 msgid "ERE only non-\"<literal>\\</literal>\" escaped <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>" msgstr "\"<literal>\\</literal>\"でエスケープされ無い、EREのみで用いる<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4533 msgid "match <emphasis role=\"strong\">non-metacharacter</emphasis> \"<literal>c</literal>\"" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">非メタ文字</emphasis> \"<literal>c</literal>\"にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4538 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4541 msgid "<literal>\\c</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\c</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4544 msgid "match a literal character \"<literal>c</literal>\" even if \"<literal>c</literal>\" is <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacter</emphasis> by itself" msgstr "<literal>c</literal>\"自身が<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>でも\"<literal>c</literal>\"というそのままの文字とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4549 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4552 msgid "<literal>.</literal>" msgstr "<literal>.</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4555 msgid "match any character including newline" msgstr "改行を含めた如何なる文字ともマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4560 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4563 msgid "<literal>^</literal>" msgstr "<literal>^</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4566 msgid "position at the beginning of a string" msgstr "文字列の最初とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4571 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4574 msgid "<literal>$</literal>" msgstr "<literal>$</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4577 msgid "position at the end of a string" msgstr "文字列の最後とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4582 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4585 msgid "<literal>\\<</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\<</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4588 msgid "position at the beginning of a word" msgstr "単語先頭とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4593 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4596 msgid "<literal>\\></literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4599 msgid "position at the end of a word" msgstr "単語末尾とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4604 msgid "<literal>\\[abc…\\]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\[abc…\\]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4607 msgid "<literal>[abc…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[abc…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4610 msgid "match any characters in \"<literal>abc…</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>abc…</literal>\"のいずれかの文字にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4615 msgid "<literal>\\[^abc…\\]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\[^abc…\\]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4618 msgid "<literal>[^abc…]</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[^abc…]</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4621 msgid "match any characters except in \"<literal>abc…</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>abc…</literal>\"以外の文字にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4626 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4629 msgid "<literal>r*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4632 msgid "match zero or more regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r</literal>\"という正規表現の0回以上にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4637 msgid "<literal>r\\+</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r\\+</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4640 msgid "<literal>r+</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r+</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4643 msgid "match one or more regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r</literal>\"という正規表現の1回以上にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4648 msgid "<literal>r\\?</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r\\?</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4651 msgid "<literal>r?</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r?</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4654 msgid "match zero or one regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r</literal>\"という正規表現の0回か1回にマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4659 msgid "<literal>r1\\|r2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r1\\|r2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4662 msgid "<literal>r1|r2</literal>" msgstr "<literal>r1|r2</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4665 msgid "match one of the regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r1</literal>\" or \"<literal>r2</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>r1</literal>\"か\"<literal>r2</literal>\"という正規表現のいずれかにマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4670 msgid "<literal>\\(r1\\|r2\\)</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\(r1\\|r2\\)</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4673 msgid "<literal>(r1|r2)</literal>" msgstr "<literal>(r1|r2)</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4676 msgid "match one of the regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r1</literal>\" or \"<literal>r2</literal>\" and treat it as a <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression" msgstr "\"<literal>r1</literal>\"か\"<literal>r2</literal>\"という正規表現のいずれかにマッチし、それを<emphasis role=\"strong\">括弧で囲まれた</emphasis>正規表現と見なす" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4682 msgid "The regular expression of <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>emacs</literal></emphasis> is basically <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> but has been extended to treat \"<literal>+</literal>\"and \"<literal>?</literal>\" as the <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis> as in <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>. Thus, there are no needs to escape them with \"<literal>\\</literal>\" in the regular expression of <literal>emacs</literal>." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>emacs</literal></emphasis>の正規表現は、<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>同様の\"<literal>+</literal>\"と\"<literal>?</literal>\"を<emphasis role=\"strong\">メタ文字</emphasis>と扱う拡張をしてはありますが、基本的に<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>です。これら文字を<literal>emacs</literal>の正規表現で\"<literal>\\</literal>\"でエスケープする必要はありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4683 msgid "<literal>grep</literal>(1) can be used to perform the text search using the regular expression." msgstr "<literal>grep</literal>(1)をつかうと正規表現を使って文字列探索ができます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4685 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ egrep 'GNU.*LICENSE|Yoyodyne' /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program" msgstr "" "$ egrep 'GNU.*LICENSE|Yoyodyne' /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n" "Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4694 msgid "Replacement expressions" msgstr "置換式" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4695 msgid "For the replacement expression, some characters have special meanings." msgstr "置換式の場合、一部の文字に特別な意味があります" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4697 msgid "The replacement expression" msgstr "置換式" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4704 msgid "replacement expression" msgstr "置換式" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4707 msgid "description of the text to replace the replacement expression" msgstr "置換式を置換する文字の説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4714 msgid "<literal>&</literal>" msgstr "<literal>&</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4717 msgid "what the regular expression matched (use <literal>\\&</literal> in <literal>emacs</literal>)" msgstr "正規表現がマッチしたもの(<literal>emacs</literal>では<literal>\\&</literal>を使用)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4722 msgid "<literal>\\n</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\n</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4725 msgid "what the n-th <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression matched (\"n\" being number)" msgstr "n番目の<emphasis role=\"strong\">括弧で囲まれた</emphasis>正規表現にマッチしたもの(\"n\" は数字)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4731 msgid "For Perl replacement string, \"<literal>$n</literal>\" is used instead of \"<literal>\\n</literal>\" and \"<literal>&</literal>\" has no special meaning." msgstr "Perlの置換式では、\"<literal>\\n</literal>\"の代わりに\"<literal>$n</literal>\"をつかい、\"<literal>&</literal>\"には特段の意味はありません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4733 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=1abc2efg3hij4=\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/\\2===\\1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/$2===$1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=&=" msgstr "" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=1abc2efg3hij4=\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/\\2===\\1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/$2===$1/'\n" "zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n" "$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n" "perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/=&=/'\n" "zzz=&=" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4745 msgid "Here please pay extra attention to the style of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression and how the matched strings are used in the text replacement process on different tools." msgstr "ここで、<emphasis role=\"strong\">括弧で囲まれた</emphasis>正規表現のスタイルと、マッチした文字列が異なるツール上でテキスト置換処理にどう使われるかとに注目下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4746 msgid "These regular expressions can be used for cursor movements and text replacement actions in some editors too." msgstr "これらの正規表現は一部エディター内でカーソールの動きやテキスト置換アクションに対しても使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4747 msgid "The back slash \"<literal>\\</literal>\" at the end of line in the shell commandline escapes newline as a white space character and continues shell command line input to the next line." msgstr "シェルコマンドラインの行末のバックスラッシュ\"<literal>\\</literal>\"は改行をホワイトスペース文字としてエスケープするので、シェルコマンドライン入力を次行に継続させます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4748 msgid "Please read all the related manual pages to learn these commands." msgstr "これらのコマンドを習うために、関連するマニュアルページを全て読んで下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4751 msgid "Global substitution with regular expressions" msgstr "正規表現を使ったグローバル置換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4752 msgid "The <literal>ed</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in \"<literal>file</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1)コマンドは次のようにすると\"<literal>file</literal>\"中に存在する全ての\"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\"を\"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\"で置換できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4753 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ed file <<EOF\n" ",s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g\n" "w\n" "q\n" "EOF" msgstr "" "$ ed file <<EOF\n" ",s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g\n" "w\n" "q\n" "EOF" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4758 msgid "The <literal>sed</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in \"<literal>file</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>sed</literal>(1)コマンドは次のようにすると\"<literal>file</literal>\"中に存在する全ての\"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\"を\"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\"で置換できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4759 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sed file 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g' | sponge file" msgstr "$ sed file 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g' | sponge file" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4761 msgid "The <literal>sponge</literal>(8) command is a non-standard Unix tool offered by the <literal>moreutils</literal> package. This is quite useful when you wish to overwrite original file." msgstr "<literal>sponge</literal>(8)コマンドは<literal>moreutils</literal>パッケージが提供する非標準のUnixツールです。これはオリジナルファイルの上書きがしたい際に非常に有用です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4763 msgid "The <literal>vim</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of \"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in \"<literal>file</literal>\" by using <literal>ex</literal>(1) commands." msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1)コマンドは<literal>ex</literal>(1)コマンドを使い次のようにすると\"<literal>file</literal>\"中に存在する全ての\"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\"を\"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\"で置換できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4764 #, no-wrap msgid "$ vim '+%s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/gc' '+w' '+q' file" msgstr "$ vim '+%s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/gc' '+w' '+q' file" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4766 msgid "The \"<literal>c</literal>\" flag in the above ensures interactive confirmation for each substitution." msgstr "上記の\"<literal>c</literal>\"フラグをにより各置換毎に対話型の確認をします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4768 msgid "Multiple files (\"<literal>file1</literal>\", \"<literal>file2</literal>\", and \"<literal>file3</literal>\") can be processed with regular expressions similarly with <literal>vim</literal>(1) or <literal>perl</literal>(1)." msgstr "複数ファイル(\"<literal>file1</literal>\"と\"<literal>file2</literal>\"と\"<literal>file3</literal>\")を<literal>vim</literal>(1)や<literal>perl</literal>(1)で同様に正規表現を用いて処理できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4769 #, no-wrap msgid "$ vim '+argdo %s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/ge|update' '+q' file1 file2 file3" msgstr "$ vim '+argdo %s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/ge|update' '+q' file1 file2 file3" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4771 msgid "The \"<literal>e</literal>\" flag in the above prevents the \"No match\" error from breaking a mapping." msgstr "上記の\"<literal>e</literal>\"フラグをにより\"No match\"エラーでマッピングが停止することを防ぎます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4773 #, no-wrap msgid "$ perl -i -p -e 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g;' file1 file2 file3" msgstr "$ perl -i -p -e 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g;' file1 file2 file3" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4774 msgid "In the perl(1) example, \"<literal>-i</literal>\" is for in-place editing, \"<literal>-p</literal>\" is for implicit loop over files." msgstr "perl(1)の例中で、\"<literal>-i</literal>\"はその場での編集、\"<literal>-p</literal>\"はファイルに関する暗黙的なループを意味します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4776 msgid "Use of argument \"<literal>-i.bak</literal>\" instead of \"<literal>-i</literal>\" keeps each original file by adding \"<literal>.bak</literal>\" to its filename. This makes recovery from errors easier for complex substitutions." msgstr "\"<literal>-i</literal>\"の代わりに\"<literal>-i.bak</literal>\"という引数を用いるとオリジナルファイル名に\"<literal>.bak</literal>\"をつけたファイル名でオリジナルファイルが保管されます。複雑な置換のエラーからの復元が簡単にできます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4779 msgid "<literal>ed</literal>(1) and <literal>vim</literal>(1) are <emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>; <literal>perl</literal>(1) is <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>." msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1)や<literal>vim</literal>(1)は<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>です。一方、<literal>perl</literal>(1)は<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4783 msgid "Extracting data from text file table" msgstr "テキストファイルからのデーター抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4784 msgid "Let's consider a text file called \"<literal>DPL</literal>\" in which some pre-2004 Debian project leader's names and their initiation days are listed in a space-separated format." msgstr "2004年以前の元Debianリーダの名前と就任日がスペースで分割されたフォーマットでリストされている\"<literal>DPL</literal>\"と呼ばれるファイルを考えてみましょう。 " # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4786 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Bruce Perens April 1996\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "Wichert Akkerman January 1999\n" "Ben Collins April 2001\n" "Bdale Garbee April 2002\n" "Martin Michlmayr March 2003" msgstr "" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Bruce Perens April 1996\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "Wichert Akkerman January 1999\n" "Ben Collins April 2001\n" "Bdale Garbee April 2002\n" "Martin Michlmayr March 2003" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4794 msgid "See <ulink url=\"&abriefhistoryofdebian;\">\"A Brief History of Debian\"</ulink> for the latest <ulink url=\"&debianleadershiphistory;\">Debian leadership history</ulink>." msgstr "最新の<ulink url=\"&debianleadershiphistory;\">Debianのリーダーの歴史</ulink>に関しては、<ulink url=\"&abriefhistoryofdebian;\">\"A Brief History of Debian\"</ulink>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4796 msgid "Awk is frequently used to extract data from these types of files." msgstr "Awkはこういったタイプのファイルからデーターを抽出するために良く使われます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4798 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ awk '{ print $3 }' <DPL # month started\n" "August\n" "April\n" "January\n" "January\n" "April\n" "April\n" "March\n" "$ awk '($1==\"Ian\") { print }' <DPL # DPL called Ian\n" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "$ awk '($2==\"Perens\") { print $3,$4 }' <DPL # When Perens started\n" "April 1996" msgstr "" "$ awk '{ print $3 }' <DPL # month started\n" "August\n" "April\n" "January\n" "January\n" "April\n" "April\n" "March\n" "$ awk '($1==\"Ian\") { print }' <DPL # DPL called Ian\n" "Ian Murdock August 1993\n" "Ian Jackson January 1998\n" "$ awk '($2==\"Perens\") { print $3,$4 }' <DPL # When Perens started\n" "April 1996" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4811 msgid "Shells such as Bash can be also used to parse this kind of file." msgstr "Bash などのシェルもこれらのファイルを解釈するのに使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4813 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ while read first last month year; do\n" " echo $month\n" " done <DPL\n" "... same output as the first Awk example" msgstr "" "$ while read first last month year; do\n" " echo $month\n" " done <DPL\n" "... 最初のAwk例と同じ出力" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4817 msgid "Here, the <literal>read</literal> builtin command uses characters in \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" (internal field separators) to split lines into words." msgstr "ここで、<literal>read</literal>組込みコマンドは\"<literal>$IFS</literal>\"(内部フィールドセパレータ) を用いて行を単語単位で分割します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4818 msgid "If you change \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" to \"<literal>:</literal>\", you can parse \"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\" with shell nicely." msgstr "\"<literal>$IFS</literal>\"を\"<literal>:</literal>\"に変更すると、\"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\"をシェルでうまく解読できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4819 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ oldIFS=\"$IFS\" # save old value\n" "$ IFS=':'\n" "$ while read user password uid gid rest_of_line; do\n" " if [ \"$user\" = \"bozo\" ]; then\n" " echo \"$user's ID is $uid\"\n" " fi\n" " done < /etc/passwd\n" "bozo's ID is 1000\n" "$ IFS=\"$oldIFS\" # restore old value" msgstr "" "$ oldIFS=\"$IFS\" # save old value\n" "$ IFS=':'\n" "$ while read user password uid gid rest_of_line; do\n" " if [ \"$user\" = \"bozo\" ]; then\n" " echo \"$user's ID is $uid\"\n" " fi\n" " done < /etc/passwd\n" "bozo's ID is 1000\n" "$ IFS=\"$oldIFS\" # restore old value" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4828 msgid "(If Awk is used to do the equivalent, use \"<literal>FS=':'</literal>\" to set the field separator.)" msgstr "(同じことを Awk を使って行うには、フィールドセパレータ設定は\"<literal>FS=':'</literal>\"とします。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4829 msgid "IFS is also used by the shell to split results of parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. These do not occur within double or single quoted words. The default value of IFS is <space>, <tab>, and <newline> combined." msgstr "IFSはパラメーター展開、コマンド置換、数式展開の結果を分割するためにもシェルにより使われます。これはダブルクォートやシングルクォートされた単語内では発生しません。IFSの標準値は<space>と<tab>と<newline>の組合せです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4830 msgid "Be careful about using this shell IFS tricks. Strange things may happen, when shell interprets some parts of the script as its <emphasis role=\"strong\">input</emphasis>." msgstr "シェルのIFSトリックを注意深く使って下さい。シェルがスクリプトの一部を<emphasis role=\"strong\">入力</emphasis>として解釈した場合に、奇妙なことが起きるかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4831 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ IFS=\":,\" # use \":\" and \",\" as IFS\n" "$ echo IFS=$IFS, IFS=\"$IFS\" # echo is a Bash builtin\n" "IFS= , IFS=:,\n" "$ date -R # just a command output\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:15 +0200\n" "$ echo $(date -R) # sub shell --> input to main shell\n" "Sat 23 Aug 2003 08 30 36 +0200\n" "$ unset IFS # reset IFS to the default\n" "$ echo $(date -R)\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:50 +0200" msgstr "" "$ IFS=\":,\" # use \":\" and \",\" as IFS\n" "$ echo IFS=$IFS, IFS=\"$IFS\" # echo is a Bash builtin\n" "IFS= , IFS=:,\n" "$ date -R # just a command output\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:15 +0200\n" "$ echo $(date -R) # sub shell --> input to main shell\n" "Sat 23 Aug 2003 08 30 36 +0200\n" "$ unset IFS # reset IFS to the default\n" "$ echo $(date -R)\n" "Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:50 +0200" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4843 msgid "Script snippets for piping commands" msgstr "コマンドをパイプするためのスクリプト断片" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4844 msgid "The following scripts do nice things as a part of a pipe." msgstr "次のスクリプトはパイプの一部として素晴らしいことをします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4846 msgid "List of script snippets for piping commands" msgstr "コマンドをパイプするためのスクリプト断片" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4853 msgid "script snippet (type in one line)" msgstr "スクリプト断片(1行入力)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4856 msgid "effect of command" msgstr "コマンドの効果" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4863 msgid "<literal>find /usr -print</literal>" msgstr "<literal>find /usr -print</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4866 msgid "find all files under \"<literal>/usr</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/usr</literal>\"の下の全ファイル発見" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4871 msgid "<literal>seq 1 100</literal>" msgstr "<literal>seq 1 100</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4874 msgid "print 1 to 100" msgstr "1から100までプリント" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4879 msgid "<literal> | xargs -n 1 <command></literal>" msgstr "<literal> | xargs -n 1 <command></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4882 msgid "run command repeatedly with each item from pipe as its argument" msgstr "パイプからの各項目を引数としてコマンドを反復実行" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4887 msgid "<literal> | xargs -n 1 echo</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | xargs -n 1 echo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4890 msgid "split white-space-separated items from pipe into lines" msgstr "パイプからのホワイトスペースで分離された項目を行に分割" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4895 msgid "<literal> | xargs echo</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | xargs echo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4898 msgid "merge all lines from pipe into a line" msgstr "パイプからの全ての行を1行にマージ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4903 msgid "<literal> | grep -e <regex_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal> | grep -e <regex_pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4906 msgid "extract lines from pipe containing <regex_pattern>" msgstr "<regex_pattern>を含む行を抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4911 msgid "<literal> | grep -v -e <regex_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal> | grep -v -e <regex_pattern></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4914 msgid "extract lines from pipe not containing <regex_pattern>" msgstr "<regex_pattern>を含まない行を抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4919 msgid "<literal> | cut -d: -f3 -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | cut -d: -f3 -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4922 msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by \"<literal>:</literal>\" (passwd file etc.)" msgstr "\"<literal>:</literal>\"で区切られた3番目のフィールドを抽出(passwdファイルなど)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4927 msgid "<literal> | awk '{ print $3 }'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | awk '{ print $3 }'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4930 msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by whitespaces" msgstr "ホワイトスペースで区切られた3番目のフィールドを抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4935 msgid "<literal> | awk -F'\\t' '{ print $3 }'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | awk -F'\\t' '{ print $3 }'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4938 msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by tab" msgstr "タブで区切られた3番目のフィールドを抽出" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4943 msgid "<literal> | col -bx</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | col -bx</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4946 msgid "remove backspace and expand tabs to spaces" msgstr "バックスペースを削除し、タブをスベースに変換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4951 msgid "<literal> | expand -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | expand -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4954 msgid "expand tabs" msgstr "タブをスベースに変換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4959 msgid "<literal> | sort| uniq</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sort| uniq</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4962 msgid "sort and remove duplicates" msgstr "入力をソートし重複箇所を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4967 msgid "<literal> | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4970 msgid "convert uppercase to lowercase" msgstr "大文字を小文字に変換" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4975 msgid "<literal> | tr -d '\\n'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tr -d '\\n'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4978 msgid "concatenate lines into one line" msgstr "複数行を1行に連結" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4983 msgid "<literal> | tr -d '\\r'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tr -d '\\r'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4986 msgid "remove CR" msgstr "キャリッジリターンを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4991 msgid "<literal> | sed 's/^/# /'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sed 's/^/# /'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4994 msgid "add \"<literal>#</literal>\" to the start of each line" msgstr "各行頭に\"<literal>#</literal>\"を追加" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4999 msgid "<literal> | sed 's/\\.ext//g'</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sed 's/\\.ext//g'</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5002 msgid "remove \"<literal>.ext</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>.ext</literal>\"を削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5007 msgid "<literal> | sed -n -e 2p</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | sed -n -e 2p</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5010 msgid "print the second line" msgstr "2番目の行を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5015 msgid "<literal> | head -n 2 -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | head -n 2 -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5018 msgid "print the first 2 lines" msgstr "最初の2行を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5023 msgid "<literal> | tail -n 2 -</literal>" msgstr "<literal> | tail -n 2 -</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5026 msgid "print the last 2 lines" msgstr "最後の2行を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5032 msgid "One-line shell script can loop over many files using <literal>find</literal>(1) and <literal>xargs</literal>(1) to perform quite complicated tasks. See <xref linkend=\"_idioms_for_the_selection_of_files\"/> and <xref linkend=\"_repeating_a_command_looping_over_files\"/>." msgstr "1行のシェルスクリプトは<literal>find</literal>(1)や<literal>xargs</literal>(1)を使って非常に複雑な操作を多くのファイルに繰り返し実行できます。<xref linkend=\"_idioms_for_the_selection_of_files\"/>と<xref linkend=\"_repeating_a_command_looping_over_files\"/>を参照下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5033 msgid "When using the shell interactive mode becomes too complicated, please consider to write a shell script (see <xref linkend=\"_the_shell_script\"/>)." msgstr "シェルの対話モードを使うのが複雑過ぎるようになったときには、シェルのスクリプトを書くのも一計です(<xref linkend=\"_the_shell_script\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5038 msgid "Debian package management" msgstr "Debianパッケージ管理" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5040 msgid "This chapter is written assuming the latest stable release is codename: <literal>&codename-stable;</literal>." msgstr "本章は最新安定版リリースがコード名:<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>と言う前提で書かれています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5042 msgid "<ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> is a volunteer organization which builds <emphasis role=\"strong\">consistent</emphasis> distributions of pre-compiled binary packages of free software and distributes them from its archive." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink>は、フリーソフトウエアーのコンパイル済みバイナリーパッケージからなる<emphasis role=\"strong\">整合性</emphasis>あるディストリビューションを作り、そのアーカイブを通じてそれらを頒布するボランティア組織です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5043 msgid "<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">The Debian archive</ulink> is offered by <ulink url=\"&manyremotemirrorsites;\">many remote mirror sites</ulink> for access through HTTP and FTP methods. It is also available as <ulink url=\"&cdromdvd;\">CD-ROM/DVD</ulink>." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">Debianのアーカイブ</ulink>は、HTTPやFTP法によるアクセスされるための<ulink url=\"&manyremotemirrorsites;\">多くのリモートのミラーサイト</ulink>として提供されています。それは、<ulink url=\"&cdromdvd;\">CD-ROM/DVD</ulink>によっても提供されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5044 msgid "The Debian package management system, <emphasis role=\"strong\">when used properly</emphasis>, offers the user to install <emphasis role=\"strong\">consistent sets of binary packages</emphasis> to the system from the archive. Currently, there are &all-packages; packages available for the &arch; architecture." msgstr "Debianのパッケージ管理システムは、<emphasis role=\"strong\">適切に使われれば</emphasis>、<emphasis role=\"strong\">バイナリーパッケージの整合性ある組み合わせ</emphasis>がアーカイブからシステムにインストールされるようになっています。現在、&arch;アーキテクチャーには&all-packages;つのパッケージがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5045 msgid "The Debian package management system has a rich history and many choices for the front end user program and back end archive access method to be used. Currently, we recommend <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) as the main front end program for the Debian package management activity." msgstr "Debianのパッケージ管理システムは、多彩な歴史があり、使用されるフロントエンドのユーザープログラムやバックエンドのアーカイブへのアクセス方法に多くの選択肢があります。現在はDebianのパッケージ管理活動のメインフロントエンドプログラムとして<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)を推薦します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5047 msgid "List of Debian package management tools" msgstr "Debianのパッケージ管理ツールのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5075 msgid "terminal-based package manager (current standard, front-end for <literal>apt</literal>)" msgstr "ターミナルベースのパッケージマネージャー(現在の標準、<literal>apt</literal>のフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5083 msgid "Advanced Packaging Tool (APT), front-end for <literal>dpkg</literal> providing \"<literal>http</literal>\", \"<literal>ftp</literal>\", and \"<literal>file</literal>\" archive access methods (<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> commands included)" msgstr "アドバンスドパッケージツール(APT)、\"<literal>http</literal>\"や\"<literal>ftp</literal>\"や\"<literal>file</literal>\"というアーカイブへのアクセス方法を<literal>dpkg</literal>に提供するフロントエンド(<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal>コマンドを含む)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5091 msgid "tool for selecting tasks for installation on Debian system (front-end for APT)" msgstr "Debianシステムにタスクをインストールするための選択ツール(APTのフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5099 msgid "enhancement package for APT to enable automatic installation of security upgrades" msgstr "セキュリティーアップデートの自動インストールを可能にするAPTの拡張パッケージ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5107 msgid "terminal-based package manager (previous standard, front-end for APT and other old access methods)" msgstr "ターミナルベースのパッケージマネージャー(過去の標準、APTや他の旧式のアクセス法のフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5115 msgid "package management system for Debian" msgstr "Debianのためのパッケージ管理システム" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5123 msgid "graphical package manager (GNOME front-end for APT)" msgstr "グラフィカルなパッケージマネージャー(APTのGNOMEフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5131 msgid "graphical package manager (KDE front-end for APT)" msgstr "グラフィカルなパッケージマネージャー(APTのKDEフロントエンド)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5139 msgid "APT utility programs: <literal>apt-extracttemplates</literal>(1), <literal>apt-ftparchive</literal>(1), and <literal>apt-sortpkgs</literal>(1)" msgstr "APTユーティリティープログラム: <literal>apt-extracttemplates</literal>(1)と<literal>apt-ftparchive</literal>(1)と<literal>apt-sortpkgs</literal>(1)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5147 msgid "package change history notification tool" msgstr "パッケージ変更履歴の通知ツール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5155 msgid "lists critical bugs before each APT installation" msgstr "APTによる各インストール前にクリチカルバグをリストする" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5163 msgid "APT package searching utility — command-line interface" msgstr "APTパッケージ探索ユーティリティー -- コマンドラインインターフェース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5171 msgid "recursively lists package dependencies" msgstr "パッケージの依存関係を再帰的にリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5178 msgid "The annoying <ulink url=\"&bugebbbcd;\">bug #411123</ulink> for the mixed use of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) commands has been resolved. If this kept you from using <literal>aptitude</literal>, please reconsider." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>と<literal>apt-get</literal>コマンドの両方を混用する際に迷惑だった<ulink url=\"&bugebbbcd;\">バグ #411123</ulink>は解決されました。もし本件のために<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)を使うことに躊躇しているなら、御再考下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5181 msgid "Debian package management prerequisites" msgstr "Debainパッケージ管理の前提条件" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5183 msgid "Package configuration" msgstr "パッケージ設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5184 msgid "Here are some key points for package configuration on the Debian system." msgstr "Debianシステム上でのパッケージ設定の要点を次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5188 msgid "The manual configuration by the system administrator is respected. In other words, the package configuration system makes no intrusive configuration for the sake of convenience." msgstr "システム管理者による手動の設定は尊重されます。言い換えれば、パッケージ設定システムは利便性のために勝手な設定をしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5193 msgid "Each package comes with its own configuration script with standardized user interface called <literal>debconf</literal>(7) to help initial installation process of the package." msgstr "各パッケージは、パッケージの初期インストールプロセスを助けるための<literal>debconf</literal>(7)と呼ばれる標準化されたユーザーインターフェースを使用し、それぞれ毎の設定スクリプトとともに提供されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5198 msgid "Debian Developers try their best to make your upgrade experience flawless with package configuration scripts." msgstr "Debianの開発者はパッケージの設定スクリプトによりユーザーのアップグレードが滞りなく進むように最大限の努力を行います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5203 msgid "Full functionalities of packaged software are available to the system administrator. But ones with security risks are disabled in the default installation." msgstr "システム管理者にはパッケージされたソフトウエアーの全機能が使用可能です。ただしセキュリティーリスクのある機能はデフォールトのインストール状態では無効にされています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5208 msgid "If you manually activate a service with some security risks, you are responsible for the risk containment." msgstr "セキュリティーリスクのあるサービスを手動でアクティベートした場合は、リスクの封じ込めはあなたの責任です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5213 msgid "Esoteric configuration may be manually enabled by the system administrator. This may creates interference with popular generic helper programs for the system configuration." msgstr "システム管理者は難解奇異な設定を手動で有効にできます。ただこんなことをすればポピュラーな一般の補助プログラムとは干渉してしまうかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5219 msgid "Basic precautions" msgstr "基本的な注意事項" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5221 msgid "Do not install packages from random mixture of suites. It probably breaks the package consistency which requires deep system management knowledge, such as compiler <ulink url=\"&abi;\">ABI</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&library;\">library</ulink> version, interpreter features, etc." msgstr "ランダムな混合のスイーツからパッケージをインストールしてはいけません。コンパイラーの<ulink url=\"&abi;\">ABI</ulink>とか<ulink url=\"&library;\">ライブラリー</ulink> のバージョンとかインタープリターの機能等のシステム管理に関する深い知見が必要なパッケージの整合性がきっと破壊されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5223 msgid "The <ulink url=\"&newbie;\">newbie</ulink> Debian system administrator should stay with the <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release of Debian while applying only security updates. I mean that some of the following valid actions are better avoided, as a precaution, until you understand the Debian system very well. Here are some reminders." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&newbie;\">初心者</ulink>のDebianシステム管理者は<emphasis role=\"strong\">Debianの安定版<literal>stable</literal></emphasis>リリースをセキュリティーアップデートを適用しながら使うべきです。Debianシステムを非常によく理解するまでは、用心として次の有効なアクションですら避けておくべきと考えます。次は留意点です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5227 msgid "Do not include <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>testing</literal></emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"の中に<emphasis role=\"strong\">テスト版<literal>testing</literal></emphasis>とか不安定版<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis>とかを含めません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5232 msgid "Do not mix standard Debian with other non-Debian archives such as Ubuntu in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"の中に標準のDebianとDebian以外のUbuntuのようなアーカイブを混在させません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5237 msgid "Do not create \"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\"を作成しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5242 msgid "Do not change default behavior of package management tools through configuration files without knowing their full impacts." msgstr "パッケージ管理ツールのデフォールトを影響を理解せずに変更しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5247 msgid "Do not install random packages by \"<literal>dpkg -i <random_package></literal>\"." msgstr "ランダムなパッケージを\"<literal>dpkg -i <random_package></literal>\"でインストールしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5252 msgid "Do not ever install random packages by \"<literal>dpkg --force-all -i <random_package></literal>\"." msgstr "ランダムなパッケージを\"<literal>dpkg --force-all -i <random_package></literal>\"で絶対インストールしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5257 msgid "Do not erase or alter files in \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/</literal>\"の中のファイルを消去や改変しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5262 msgid "Do not overwrite system files by installing software programs directly compiled from source." msgstr "ソースから直接コンパイルしたソフトウエアープログラムをインストールする際にシステムファイルを上書きしません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5267 msgid "Install them into \"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\" or \"<literal>/opt</literal>\", if needed." msgstr "必要な場合は\"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\"か\"<literal>/opt/</literal>\"中にインストールします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5273 msgid "The non-compatible effects caused by above actions to the Debian package management system may leave your system unusable." msgstr "上記のアクションで起きるDebianパッケージシステムへのコンパチブルでない効果はシステムを使えなくするかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5274 msgid "The serious Debian system administrator who runs mission critical servers, should use extra precautions." msgstr "ミッションクリティカルなサーバーを走らせる真剣なDebianシステム管理者は更なる用心をすべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5278 msgid "Do not install any packages including security updates from Debian without thoroughly testing them with your particular configuration under safe conditions." msgstr "安全な条件下であなたの特定の設定で徹底的にテストすることなくセキュリティーアップデートをも含めた如何なるパッケージもインストールをしてはいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5283 msgid "You as the system administrator are responsible for your system in the end." msgstr "システム管理者のあなたがシステムに対して最終責任があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5288 msgid "The long stability history of Debian system is no guarantee by itself." msgstr "Debianシステムの長い安定性の歴史それ自体は何の保証でもありません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5296 msgid "Life with eternal upgrades" msgstr "永遠のアップグレード人生" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5297 msgid "Despite my warnings above, I know many readers of this document wish to run the <literal>testing</literal> or <literal>unstable</literal> suites of Debian as their main system for <emphasis role=\"strong\">self-administered Desktop environments</emphasis>. This is because they work very well, are updated frequently, and offer the latest features." msgstr "私が上記で警告したとはいえ、<emphasis role=\"strong\">自分自身で管理するデスクトップ環境</emphasis>ではDebianのテスト版<literal>testing</literal>や不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>のスイーツを自分のメインのシステムとして使おうと多くの本書の読者が望むことは分かっています。システムは非常に快調に動くし、頻繁に更新されるし、最新の機能が提供されるからです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5299 msgid "For your <emphasis role=\"strong\">production server</emphasis>, the <literal>stable</literal> suite with the security updates is recommended. The same can be said for desktop PCs on which you can spend limited administration efforts, e.g. for your mother's PC." msgstr "あなたの<emphasis role=\"strong\">業務サーバー</emphasis>には、セキュリティーアップデートをした安定版<literal>stable</literal>スイーツを推薦します。例えばあなたの母親のPCのように、管理に限られた時間しか割けないデスクトップPCに関しても同様の事が言えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5301 msgid "It takes no more than simply setting the distribution string in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" to the suite name: \"<literal>testing</literal>\" or \"<literal>unstable</literal>\"; or the codename: \"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>\" or \"<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>\". This makes you live <emphasis role=\"strong\">the life of eternal upgrades</emphasis>." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"の中のディストリビューション文字列を、\"<literal>testing</literal>\"とか\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"というスイーツ名、もしくは\"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>とか\"<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>\"というコード名に単に設定するだけで十分です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5302 msgid "The use of <literal>testing</literal> or <literal>unstable</literal> is <emphasis role=\"strong\">a lot of fun</emphasis> but comes with some risks. Even though the <literal>unstable</literal> suite of Debian system looks very stable for most of the times, there have been some package problems on the <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal> suite of Debian system and a few of them were not so trivial to resolve. It may be <emphasis role=\"strong\">quite painful</emphasis> for you. Sometimes, you may have a broken package or missing functionality for a few weeks." msgstr "<literal>testing</literal>や<literal>unstable</literal>を使うことは<emphasis role=\"strong\">大変楽しい</emphasis>けれど、リスクがついてきます。Debianシステムの<literal>unstable</literal>スイーツさえおおむね非常に安定に見えますが、Debianシステムの<literal>testing</literal>や<literal>unstable</literal>スイーツでは過去パッケージ上の問題をいくつか経験して来てるし、その一部は簡単には解決できないものでした。<emphasis role=\"strong\">結構痛い目</emphasis>に会うことになるかもしれませんよ。時々、壊れたパッケージや機能の欠損が数週間続くことが起こります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5303 msgid "Here are some ideas to ensure quick and easy recovery from bugs in Debian packages." msgstr "Debianパッケージのバグからの早急かつ簡単な復元を確実にするいくつかのアイデアがここにあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5307 msgid "Make the system <emphasis role=\"strong\">dual bootable</emphasis> by installing the <literal>stable</literal> suite of Debian system to another partition" msgstr "Debianシステムの安定版<literal>stable</literal>スイーツを別のパーティションにインストールし、システムを<emphasis role=\"strong\">ヂュアルブータブル</emphasis>化" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5312 msgid "Make the installation CD handy for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">rescue boot</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">レスキューブート</emphasis>のためのインストール用CDを手元に確保" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5317 msgid "Consider installing <literal>apt-listbugs</literal> to check the <ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian Bug Tracking System (BTS)</ulink> information before the upgrade" msgstr "<literal>apt-listbugs</literal>をインストールしてアップグレードの前に<ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debianバグトラッキングシステム(BTS)</ulink>をチェックを考慮" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5322 msgid "Learn the package system infrastructure enough to work around the problem" msgstr "問題回避するのに十分なだけのパッケージシステムの基盤を学習" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5327 msgid "Create a chroot or similar environment and run the latest system in it in advance (see <xref linkend=\"_virtualized_system\"/>)" msgstr "chrootか類似の環境を作り事前に最新のシステムを実行(<xref linkend=\"_virtualized_system\"/>参照)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5331 msgid "(If you can not do any one of these precautionary actions, you are probably not ready for the <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal> suites.)" msgstr "(これらの用心のための方策の何れもできないなら、テスト版<literal>testing</literal>や不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>スイーツを使うのにはあなたはきっと準備不足です。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5332 msgid "<ulink url=\"&enlightenment;\">Enlightenment</ulink> with the following saves a person from the eternal <ulink url=\"&karmic;\">karmic</ulink> struggle of upgrade <ulink url=\"&hell;\">hell</ulink> and let him reach Debian <ulink url=\"&nirvana;\">nirvana</ulink>." msgstr "以下に記すことにより<ulink url=\"&enlightenment;\">悟り</ulink>を開けば、アップグレード<ulink url=\"&hell;\">地獄</ulink>という果てしない<ulink url=\"&karmic;\">因果応報</ulink>の葛藤から人は解脱し、Debianの<ulink url=\"&nirvana;\">涅槃</ulink>の境地に到達できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5335 msgid "Debian archive basics" msgstr "Debianアーカイブの基本" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5336 msgid "Let's look into <ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">the Debian archive</ulink> from a system user's perspective." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">Debianアーカイブ</ulink>をシステムユーザーの視点から見てみます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5338 msgid "Official policy of the Debian archive is defined at <ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanuthedebianarchive;\">Debian Policy Manual, Chapter 2 - The Debian Archive</ulink>." msgstr "Debianアーカイブの正式のポリシーは<ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanuthedebianarchive;\">Debianポリシーマニュアル、第2章 - Debianアーカイブ</ulink>に規定されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5340 msgid "For the typical HTTP access, the archive is specified in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" file as the following, e.g. for the current <literal>stable</literal> = <literal>&codename-stable;</literal> system." msgstr "典型的なHTTPアクセスの場合、現在の安定版<literal>stable</literal>=<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>システムを例にとると、次の様に\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"ファイルの中にアーカイブは規定されています。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5341 #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "deb-src http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "\n" "deb http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib\n" "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib" msgstr "" "deb http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "deb-src http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/ &codename-stable; main contrib non-free\n" "\n" "deb http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib\n" "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ &codename-stable;/updates main contrib" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5346 msgid "Please note \"<literal>ftp.XX.debian.org</literal>\" must be replaced with appropriate mirror site URL for your location, for USA \"<literal>ftp.us.debian.org</literal>\", which can be found in <ulink url=\"&thelistofdebianwdwidemirrorsites;\">the list of Debian worldwide mirror sites</ulink>. The status of these servers can be checked at <ulink url=\"&debianmirrorcheckersite;\">Debian Mirror Checker site</ulink>." msgstr "\"<literal>ftp.XX.debian.org</literal>\"はあなたの所在場所に合う、<ulink url=\"&thelistofdebianwdwidemirrorsites;\">Debianの全世界ミラーサイトリスト</ulink>中に見つかるミラーサイトのURL、例えば日本なら \"<literal>ftp.jp.debian.org</literal>\"、に置き換えなければいけません。これらのサーバーの状況は<ulink url=\"&debianmirrorcheckersite;\">Debianミラー確認サイト</ulink>で確認できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5347 msgid "Here, I tend to use codename \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" instead of suite name \"<literal>stable</literal>\" to avoid surprises when the next <literal>stable</literal> is released." msgstr "上記で、次の安定版<literal>stable</literal>がリリースされて驚かされ無いように、私はスイート名の\"<literal>stable</literal>\"でなくコード名の\"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\"を使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5348 msgid "The meaning of \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" is described in <literal>sources.list</literal>(5) and key points are followings." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"の意味は<literal>sources.list</literal>(5)に記載されていて、要点は以下です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5352 msgid "The \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line defines for the binary packages." msgstr "\"<literal>deb</literal>\"行がバイナリーパッケージのための定義です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5357 msgid "The \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" line defines for the source packages." msgstr "\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"行がソースパッケージのための定義です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5362 msgid "The 1st argument is the root URL of the Debian archive." msgstr "一番目の引数は、Debianアーカイブのroot URLです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5367 msgid "The 2nd argument is the distribution name: either the suite name or the codename." msgstr "二番目の引数は、スイーツ名かコード名のどちらかで与えられるディストリビューション名です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5372 msgid "The 3rd and following arguments are the list of valid archive component names of the Debian archive." msgstr "三番目次の引数は、Debianアーカイブの中の有効なアーカイブのコンポーネント名のリストです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5376 msgid "The \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" lines can safely be omitted (or commented out by placing \"#\" at the start of the line) if it is just for <literal>aptitude</literal> which does not access source related meta data. It speeds up the updates of the archive meta data. The URL can be \"<literal>http://</literal>\", \"<literal>ftp://</literal>\", \"<literal>file://</literal>\", …." msgstr "ソース関連のメタデーターにアクセスしない<literal>aptitude</literal>のためだけなら\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"行は安全に省略(もしくは\"#\"を行頭に挿入してコメントアウト)することができます。こうするとアーカイブのメタデーターの更新速度が向上します。URLは\"<literal>http://</literal>\"や\"<literal>ftp://</literal>\"や\"<literal>file://</literal>\"等々の何れも可能です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5378 msgid "If \"<literal>sid</literal>\" is used in the above example instead of \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\", the \"<literal>deb: <ulink url=\"&httpsecuritydebianorg;\">http://security.debian.org/</ulink> …</literal>\" line for security updates in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" is not required. This is because there is no security update archive for \"<literal>sid</literal>\" (<literal>unstable</literal>)." msgstr "もし上記の例で\"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\"ではなく\"<literal>sid</literal>\"が使われる場合には、セキュリティーアップデートのための\"<literal>deb: http://security.debian.org/ ...</literal>\"行は不要です。安定版<literal>stable</literal>とテスト版<literal>testing</literal>(即ち<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>と<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>)にのみセキュリティーアップデートがあります。 \"<literal>sid</literal>\" (不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>)のためにはセキュリティーアップデートのアーカイブが存在しません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5380 msgid "Here is the list of URL of the Debian archive sites and suite name or codename used in the configuration file." msgstr "次は設定ファイル内に用いられるDebianアーカイブサイトのURLとスイーツ名もしくはコード名です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5382 msgid "List of Debian archive sites" msgstr "Debianアーカイブサイトのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5390 msgid "archive URL" msgstr "アーカイブのURL" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5393 msgid "suite name (codename)" msgstr "スイート名(コード名)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5396 msgid "purpose" msgstr "目的" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5403 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5413 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5423 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5433 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5444 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpftpxxdebianorgdebian;\">http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpftpxxdebianorgdebian;\">http://ftp.XX.debian.org/debian/</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5405 msgid "<literal>stable</literal> (<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>stable</literal> (<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5408 msgid "stable (&codename-stable;) release" msgstr "安定版(&codename-stable;)のリリース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5415 msgid "<literal>testing</literal> (<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>testing</literal> (<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5418 msgid "testing (&codename-testing;) release" msgstr "テスト版(&codename-testing;)のリリース" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5425 msgid "<literal>unstable</literal> (<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>)" msgstr "<literal>unstable</literal> (<literal>&codename-unstable;</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5428 msgid "unstable (&codename-unstable;) release" msgstr "不安定版(&codename-unstable;)のリリース" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5436 msgid "<literal>experimental</literal>" msgstr "<literal>experimental</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5439 msgid "experimental pre-release (optional, only for developer)" msgstr "実験的プリリリース(任意、開発者専用)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5447 msgid "<literal>stable-proposed-updates</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stable-proposed-updates</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5450 msgid "Updates for the next stable point release (optional)" msgstr "次回安定版ポイントリリース用のアップデート(任意)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5455 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpsecuritydebianorg;\">http://security.debian.org/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpsecuritydebianorg;\">http://security.debian.org/</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5458 msgid "<literal>stable/updates</literal>" msgstr "<literal>stable/updates</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5461 msgid "security updates for stable release (important)" msgstr "安定版用のセキュリティーアップデート(重要)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5469 msgid "<literal>testing/updates</literal>" msgstr "<literal>testing/updates</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5472 msgid "security updates for testing release (important)" msgstr "テスト版用のセキュリティーアップデート(重要)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5477 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpvolatiledebirgdebianvolatile;\">http://volatile.debian.org/debian-volatile/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpvolatiledebirgdebianvolatile;\">http://volatile.debian.org/debian-volatile/</ulink>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5480 msgid "<literal>volatile</literal>" msgstr "<literal>volatile</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5483 msgid "compatible updates for spam filter, IM clients, etc." msgstr "スパムフィルターやIMクライアント他用のコンパチブルなアップデート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5491 msgid "<literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>" msgstr "<literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5494 msgid "non-compatible updates for spam filter, IM clients, etc." msgstr "スパムフィルターやIMクライアント他用のノンコンパチブルなアップデート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5499 msgid "<ulink url=\"&httpbackportsorgdebian;\">http://backports.org/debian/</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&httpbackportsorgdebian;\">http://backports.org/debian/</ulink>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5502 msgid "<literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>" msgstr "<literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5505 msgid "newer backported packages for &codename-stable; (non-official, optional)" msgstr "&codename-stable;のためのバックポートされたパッケージ(非正規、任意)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5512 msgid "Only pure <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release with security updates provides the best stability. Running mostly <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release mixed with some packages from <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>testing</literal></emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> release is riskier than running pure <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis> release for library version mismatch etc. If you really need the latest version of some programs under <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis> release, please use packages from <ulink url=\"&thedebianvolatileproject;\">the debian-volatile project</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&backportsorg;\">backports.org</ulink> (see <xref linkend=\"_volatile_and_backports_org\"/>) services. These services must be used with extra care." msgstr "セキュリティーアップデートされた純粋な安定版<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis>リリースのみが最善の安定性を提供します。一部<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>testing</literal></emphasis>や<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis>由来のパッケージを混用してほとんど<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis>リリースを走らせることは、純粋な<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>unstable</literal></emphasis>リリースを走らせるよりリスクがあります。<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>stable</literal></emphasis>リリースの下で最新バージョンのいくつかのプログラムが本当に必要なら、<ulink url=\"&thedebianvolatileproject;\">debian-volatileプロジェクト</ulink>や<ulink url=\"&backportsorg;\">backports.org</ulink>(<xref linkend=\"_volatile_and_backports_org\"/>参照)サービスからのパッケージを使って下さい。これらのサービスは細心の注意を持って使う必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5515 msgid "You should basically list only one of <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, or <literal>unstable</literal> suites in the \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line. If you list any combination of <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, and <literal>unstable</literal> suites in the \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line, APT programs slow down while only the latest archive is effective. Multiple listing makes sense for these when the \"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" file is used with clear objectives (see <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)." msgstr "基本的に、<literal>stable</literal>か<literal>testing</literal>か<literal>unstable</literal>のスイーツの内の1つだけを\"<literal>deb</literal>\"行に書くべきです。もし、<literal>stable</literal>と<literal>testing</literal>と<literal>unstable</literal>のスイーツの何らかの組み合わせを\"<literal>deb</literal>\"行に書けば、APTプログラムは、最新のアーカイブのみが有効であるにもかかわらず、実行速度が低下します。\"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\"ファイルがはっきりとした目的を持って使われている場合(<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)のみ複数のリストに意味があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5518 msgid "For the Debian system with the <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> suites, it is a good idea to include lines with \"<literal>http://security.debian.org/</literal>\" in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" to enable security updates as in the example above." msgstr "<literal>stable</literal>や<literal>testing</literal>スイーツのDebianシステムでは、上記の例のようにセキュリティーアップデートを有効とするように\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"の中に\"<literal>http://security.debian.org/</literal>\"の行を含めることはいいことです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5521 msgid "The security bugs for the <literal>stable</literal> archive are fixed by the Debian security team. This activity has been quite rigorous and reliable. Those for the <literal>testing</literal> archive may be fixed by the Debian testing security team. For <ulink url=\"&several;\">several</ulink> <ulink url=\"&reasons;\">reasons</ulink>, this activity is not as rigorous as that for <literal>stable</literal> and you may need to wait for the migration of fixed <literal>unstable</literal> packages. Those for the <literal>unstable</literal> archive are fixed by the individual maintainer. Actively maintained <literal>unstable</literal> packages are usually in a fairly good shape by leveraging latest upstream security fixes. See <ulink url=\"&debiansecurityfaq;\">Debian security FAQ</ulink> for how Debian handles security bugs." msgstr "<literal>stable</literal>アーカイブのセキュリティーバグはDebianのセキュリティーチームにより修正されます。本活動は非常に厳格で信頼できるものです。<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブのセキュリティーバグはDebianのtestingセキュリティーチームにより修正されます。<ulink url=\"&several;\">諸所の</ulink> <ulink url=\"&reasons;\">事情</ulink>で、本活動は<literal>stable</literal>ほどは厳格ではなく、修正された<literal>unstable</literal>パッケージの移行を待つ必要があるかもしれません。<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブのセキュリティーバグは個別のメンテナにより修正されます。活発にメンテされている<literal>unstable</literal>パッケージはアップストリームのセキュリティー修正を使うことで通常比較的良い状態です。Debianがセキュリティーバグへ如何に対応するかに関しては<ulink url=\"&debiansecurityfaq;\">Debian security FAQ</ulink>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5523 msgid "Each Debian archive consists of 3 components. Components are alternatively called <ulink url=\"&categoriesindebianpolicy;\">categories in \"Debian Policy\"</ulink> or areas in <ulink url=\"&debiansocialcontract;\">\"Debian Social Contract\"</ulink>. The component is grouped by the compliance to <ulink url=\"&thedebianfreesofreguidelinesdfsg;\">\"The Debian Free Software Guidelines\" (DFSG)</ulink>." msgstr "各Debianアーカイブは3つのコンポーネントから成り立っています。コンポーネントには<ulink url=\"&categoriesindebianpolicy;\">\"Debianポリシー\"ではカテゴリー</ulink>とか<ulink url=\"&debiansocialcontract;\">\"Debian社会契約\"</ulink>ではエリアという別名が使われています。コンポーネントは<ulink url=\"&thedebianfreesofreguidelinesdfsg;\">\"Debianフリーソフトウエアーガイドライン\" (DFSG)</ulink>に準拠しているかどうかによって分類されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5525 msgid "List of Debian archive components" msgstr "Debianアーカイブコンポーネントのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5533 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13990 msgid "component" msgstr "コンポーネント" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5536 msgid "number of packages" msgstr "パッケージ数" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5539 msgid "criteria of package" msgstr "パッケージのクライテリア" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5546 msgid "<literal>main</literal>" msgstr "<literal>main</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5549 msgid "&main-packages;" msgstr "&main-packages;" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5552 msgid "DSFG compliant and no dependency to <literal>non-free</literal>" msgstr "DSFGに完全準拠し、<literal>non-free</literal>のパッケージに非依存(main=主要)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5557 msgid "<literal>contrib</literal>" msgstr "<literal>contrib</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5560 msgid "&contrib-packages;" msgstr "&contrib-packages;" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5563 msgid "DSFG compliant but having dependency to <literal>non-free</literal>" msgstr "DSFGに完全準拠だが<literal>non-free</literal>のパッケージに依存有り(contrib=寄与)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5568 msgid "<literal>non-free</literal>" msgstr "<literal>non-free</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5571 msgid "&non-free-packages;" msgstr "&non-free-packages;" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5574 msgid "not DSFG compliant" msgstr "非DSFG準拠" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5580 msgid "Here the number of packages in the above is for the &arch; architecture. Strictly speaking, only the <literal>main</literal> component archive shall be considered as the Debian system." msgstr "ここで、上記にあるパッケージ数は&arch;アーキテクチャーに関する数字です。厳密に言うなら、<literal>main</literal>コンポーネントのアーカイブのみをDebianシステムと考えるべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5581 msgid "The Debian archive organization can be studied best by pointing your browser to the each archive URL appended with <literal>dists</literal> or <literal>pool</literal>." msgstr "Debianアーカイブの構成は、各アーカイブのURLの後ろに<literal>dists</literal>か<literal>pool</literal>をつけたURLにブラウザーを向ければ学習できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5582 msgid "The distribution is referred by two ways, the suite or <ulink url=\"&codename;\">codename</ulink>. The word distribution is alternatively used as the synonym to the suite in many documentations. The relationship between the suite and the codename can be summarized as the following." msgstr "ディストリビューションは、スイーツと<ulink url=\"&codename;\">コード名</ulink>の2つの方法で言及されます。この他にディストリビューションと言う言葉は多くの文書でスイーツの同義語としても使われています。スイーツとコード名の関係は次のようにまとめられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5584 msgid "The relationship between suite and codename" msgstr "スイーツとコード名の関係" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5593 msgid "Timing" msgstr "タイミング" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5596 msgid "suite = <literal>stable</literal>" msgstr "スイーツ = 安定版 <literal>stable</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5599 msgid "suite = <literal>testing</literal>" msgstr "スイーツ = テスト版 <literal>testing</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5602 msgid "suite = <literal>unstable</literal>" msgstr "スイーツ = 不安定版 <literal>unstable</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5609 msgid "after the <literal>&codename-stable;</literal> release" msgstr "<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>リリース後" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5612 msgid "codename = <literal>&codename-stable;</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>&codename-stable;</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5615 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5626 msgid "codename = <literal>&codename-testing;</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>&codename-testing;</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5618 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5632 msgid "codename = <literal>sid</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>sid</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5623 msgid "after the <literal>&codename-testing;</literal> release" msgstr "<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>リリース後" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5629 msgid "codename = <literal>&codename-nexttesting;</literal>" msgstr "コード名 = <literal>&codename-nexttesting;</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5638 msgid "The history of codenames are described in <ulink url=\"&debianfaqgdbwhiceenusedinthepast;\">Debian FAQ: 6.3.1 Which other codenames have been used in the past?</ulink>" msgstr "コード名の歴史は、<ulink url=\"&debianfaqgdbwhiceenusedinthepast;\">Debian FAQ: 6.3.1 Which other codenames have been used in the past?</ulink>に記載されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5639 msgid "In the stricter Debian archive terminology, the word \"section\" is specifically used for the categorization of packages by the application area. (Although, the word \"main section\" may sometimes be used to describe the Debian archive section which provides the main component.)" msgstr "比較的厳格なDebianアーカイブの用語法では、\"セクション\"という言葉はアプリケーションの分野によるパッケージ分類に特化して使われます。(しかし、\"mainセクション\"という言葉はmainコンポーネントを提供するDebianアーカイブ部分を表現するのにしばしば使われています。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5640 msgid "Every time a new upload is done by the Debian developer (DD) to the <literal>unstable</literal> archive (via <ulink url=\"&incoming;\">incoming</ulink> processing), DD is required to ensure uploaded packages to be compatible with the latest set of packages in the latest <literal>unstable</literal> archive." msgstr "Debianデベロッパー(DD)が不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブに新たなアップロードを(<ulink url=\"&incoming;\">incoming</ulink>での処理を経由して)する度毎に、アップロードするパッケージが最新の不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブの最新のパッケージ集合とコンパチブルであるようにする義務がDDにはあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5641 msgid "If DD breaks this compatibility intentionally for important library upgrade etc, there is usually announcement to <ulink url=\"&thedebiandevelmailinglist;\">the debian-devel mailing list</ulink> etc." msgstr "重要なライブラリーのアップグレード他の理由でDDがこのコンパチビリティーを壊す際には、<ulink url=\"&thedebiandevelmailinglist;\">debian-develのメーリングリスト</ulink>他に通常アナウンスがされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5642 msgid "Before a set of packages are moved by the Debian archive maintenance script from the <literal>unstable</literal> archive to the <literal>testing</literal> archive, the archive maintenance script not only checks the maturity (about 10 days old) and the status of the RC bug reports for the packages but also tries to ensure them to be compatible with the latest set of packages in the <literal>testing</literal> archive. This process makes the <literal>testing</literal> archive very current and usable." msgstr "Debianのアーカイブ管理スクリプトによって非安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブからテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブへパッケージ集合が移動される前に、アーカイブ管理スクリプトはパッケージの成熟度(約10日経過)とRCバグレポート状況を確認するばかりでなく、テスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブの最新パッケージ集合とのコンパチブルであるようにするように努めます。このプロセスがあるので、テスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブは非常に新しくかつ使いやすいのです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5643 msgid "Through the gradual archive freeze process led by the release team, the <literal>testing</literal> archive is matured to make it completely consistent and bug free with some manual interventions. Then the new <literal>stable</literal> release is created by assigning the codename for the old <literal>testing</literal> archive to the new <literal>stable</literal> archive and creating the new codename for the new <literal>testing</literal> archive. The initial contents of the new <literal>testing</literal> archive is exactly the same as that of the newly released <literal>stable</literal> archive." msgstr "リリースチームによる徐々のアーカイブ凍結過程を通じて、少々の手動の介入を伴いつつテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブは完全に整合性をもったバグの無い状態へと徐々に熟成されます。そして、古いテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブのコード名を新たな安定版<literal>stable</literal>アーカイブへと割り当て、新たなコード名を新たなテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブへと割り当てることで、新たな安定版<literal>stable</literal>がリリースされます。新たなテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブの当初の内容は、新たにリリースされた安定版<literal>stable</literal>アーカイブとまったく同じです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5644 msgid "Both the <literal>unstable</literal> and the <literal>testing</literal> archives may suffer temporary glitches due to several factors." msgstr "不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>もテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブもともにいくつかの要因で一時的に細かな問題発生があるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5648 msgid "Broken package upload to the archive (mostly for <literal>unstable</literal>)" msgstr "ブロークンなパッケージのアーカイブへのアップロード(主に<literal>unstable</literal>にて)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5653 msgid "Delay of accepting the new packages to the archive (mostly for <literal>unstable</literal>)" msgstr "新規パッケージをアーカイブに受け入れる際の遅延(主に<literal>unstable</literal>にて)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5658 msgid "Archive synchronization timing issue (both for <literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal>)" msgstr "アーカイブの同期のタイミング問題(<literal>testing</literal>と<literal>unstable</literal>の両方にて)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5663 msgid "Manual intervention to the archive such as package removal (more for <literal>testing</literal>) etc." msgstr "パッケージの除去などのアーカイブへの手動の介入(どちらかといえば<literal>testing</literal>にて)、等。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5667 msgid "So if you ever decide to use these archives, you should be able to fix or work around these kinds of glitches." msgstr "もしこれらのアーカイブを使おうと考えるなら、この種の細かな問題の修復や回避は必須技能です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5669 msgid "For about few months after a new <literal>stable</literal> release, most desktop users should use the <literal>stable</literal> archive with its security updates even if they usually use <literal>unstable</literal> or <literal>testing</literal> archives. For this transition period, both <literal>unstable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> archives are not good for most people. Your system is difficult to keep in good working condition with the <literal>unstable</literal> archive since it suffers surges of major upgrades for core packages. The <literal>testing</literal> archive is not useful either since it contains mostly the same content as the <literal>stable</literal> archive without its security support (<ulink url=\"&debiantestingsectyannouncecaaibc;\">Debian testing-security-announce 2008-12</ulink>). After a month or so, the <literal>unstable</literal> archive may be usable if you are careful." msgstr "たとえいつも非安定版<literal>unstable</literal>やテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブを使っていようとも、ほとんどのデスクトップユーザーは新たな安定版<literal>stable</literal>リリースの後約数ヶ月はセキュリティーアップデートされた安定版<literal>stable</literal>アーカイブを使うべきです。この移行期は、非安定版<literal>unstable</literal>もテスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブの何れももほとんどの人に良いものではありません。非安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブを使おうとすると、核となるパッケージが大アップグレードの嵐に見舞われるので、あなたのシステムをうまく使える状態に保つのは困難です。テスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブを使おうとしても、安定版<literal>stable</literal>アーカイブとほとんど同じ内容でセキュリティーサポートはありません(<ulink url=\"&debiantestingsectyannouncecaaibc;\">Debian testing-security-announce 2008-12</ulink>)。1ヶ月ほど経てば、非安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブなら注意を払えば使えるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5672 msgid "When tracking the <literal>testing</literal> archive, problem caused by a removed package is usually worked around by installing corresponding package from the <literal>unstable</literal> archive which is uploaded for bug fix." msgstr "テスト版<literal>testing</literal>アーカイブを追跡している際には、除去されたパッケージによって引き起こされる問題は該当するバグ修正のためにアップロードされたパッケージを非安定版<literal>unstable</literal>アーカイブからインストールすれば通常回避できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5674 msgid "See <ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanual;\">Debian Policy Manual</ulink> for archive definitions." msgstr "アーカイブの定義は、<ulink url=\"&debianpolicymanual;\">Debianポリシーマニュアル</ulink>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5678 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"§ions;\">Sections</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"§ions;\">セクション</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5683 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&priorities;\">Priorities</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"&priorities;\">優先度(priorities)</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5688 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&basesystem;\">Base system</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"&basesystem;\">ベースシステム</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5693 msgid "\"<ulink url=\"&essentialpackages;\">Essential packages</ulink>\"" msgstr "\"<ulink url=\"&essentialpackages;\">必須パッケージ</ulink>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5699 msgid "Package dependencies" msgstr "パッケージ依存関係" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5700 msgid "The Debian system offers a consistent set of binary packages through its versioned binary dependency declaration mechanism in the control file fields. Here is a bit over simplified definition for them." msgstr "Debianシステムはコントロールファイル中のバージョン情報付きのバイナリー依存関係宣言を通して整合性のあるバイナリーパッケージの集合を提供します。ここにその少々簡素化し過ぎの定義を示します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5704 msgid "\"Depends\"" msgstr "\"Depends\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5709 msgid "This declares an absolute dependency and all of the packages listed in this field must be installed at the same time or in advance." msgstr "これは絶対依存を宣言し、このフィールドにリストされた全てのパッケージは同時または事前にインストールされていなければいけません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5716 msgid "\"Pre-Depends\"" msgstr "\"Pre-Depends\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5721 msgid "This is like Depends, except that it requires completed installation of the listed packages in advance." msgstr "これは、リストされたパッケージが事前にインストールを完了している必要がある以外は、Dependsと同様です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5728 msgid "\"Recommends\"" msgstr "\"Recommends\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5733 msgid "This declares a strong, but not absolute, dependency. Most users would not want the package unless all of the packages listed in this field are installed." msgstr "これは強いが絶対でない依存を宣言します。多くのユーザーはこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージ全てがインストールされていなければ、当該パッケージを望まないでしょう。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5740 msgid "\"Suggests\"" msgstr "\"Suggests\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5745 msgid "This declares a weak dependency. Many users of this package may benefit from installing packages listed in this field but can have reasonable functions without them." msgstr "これは弱い依存を宣言します。このパッケージの多くのユーザーはこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージをインストールすればメリットを享受できるとは言え、それら抜きでも十分な機能が得られます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5752 msgid "\"Enhances\"" msgstr "\"Enhances\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5757 msgid "This declares a week dependency like Suggests but works in the opposite direction." msgstr "これはSuggests同様の弱い依存を宣言しますが、依存作用の方向が逆です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5764 msgid "\"Conflicts\"" msgstr "\"Conflicts\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5769 msgid "This declares an absolute incompatibility. All of the packages listed in this field must be removed to install this package." msgstr "これは絶対的排他関係を宣言します。このフィールドにリストされた全てのパッケージを除去しない限り当該パッケージをインストールできません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5776 msgid "\"Replaces\"" msgstr "\"Replaces\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5781 msgid "This is declared when files installed by this package replace files in the listed packages." msgstr "当該パッケージによりインストールされるファイルがこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージのファイルを置き換える際にこれを宣言します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5788 msgid "\"Provides\"" msgstr "\"Provides\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5793 msgid "This is declared when this package provide all of the files and functionality in the listed packages." msgstr "当該パッケージがこのフィールドにリストされたパッケージのファイルと機能の全てを提供する際にこれを宣言します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5800 msgid "Please note that defining, \"Provides\", \"Conflicts\" and \"Replaces\" simultaneously to an virtual package is the sane configuration. This ensures that only one real package providing this virtual package can be installed at any one time." msgstr "正常な設定として\"Provides\"と\"Conflicts\"と\"Replaces\"とを単一バーチャルパッケージに対し同時宣言することがあります。こうするといかなる時にも当該バーチャルパッケージを提供する実パッケージのうち確実に一つだけがインストールされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5802 msgid "The official definition including source dependency can be found in <ulink url=\"&thepolicymanualcsbetweenpackages;\">the Policy Manual: Chapter 7 - Declaring relationships between packages</ulink>." msgstr "ソースの依存関係をも含む正式の定義は<ulink url=\"&thepolicymanualcsbetweenpackages;\">the Policy Manual: Chapter 7 - Declaring relationships between packages</ulink>にあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5805 msgid "The event flow of the package management" msgstr "パッケージ管理のイベントの流れ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5806 msgid "Here is a summary of the simplified event flow of the package management by APT." msgstr "パッケージ管理の簡略化されたイベントの流れをまとめると次のようになります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5809 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Update</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">更新</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\"か\"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5814 msgid "Fetch archive metadata from remote archive" msgstr "アーカイブメタデーターをリモートアーカイブから取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5819 msgid "Reconstruct and update local metadata for use by APT" msgstr "APTが使えるようローカルメタデーターの再構築と更新" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5825 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Upgrade</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" and \"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\", or \"<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>\" and \"<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">アップグレード</emphasis>(\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"と\"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\"か、\"<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>\"と\"<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5830 msgid "Chose candidate version which is usually the latest available version for all installed packages (see <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/> for exception)" msgstr "全てのインストール済みパッケージに関して、通常最新バージョンが選ばれる<emphasis role=\"strong\">候補バージョン</emphasis>を選択(例外については<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>参照)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5835 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5876 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5917 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5948 msgid "Make package dependency resolution" msgstr "パッケージ依存関係解決の実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5840 msgid "Fetch selected binary packages from remote archive if candidate version is different from installed version" msgstr "もし候補バージョンがインストール済みバージョンと異なる際には、選ばれたバイナリーパッケージをリモートアーカイブから取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5845 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5886 msgid "Unpack fetched binary packages" msgstr "取得バイナリーパッケージの開梱" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5850 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5891 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">preinst</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">preinst</emphasis>スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5855 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5896 msgid "Install binary files" msgstr "バイナリーファイルのインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5860 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5901 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">postinst</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">postinst</emphasis>スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5866 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Install</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude install …</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get install …</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">インストール</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude install ...</literal>\"か\"<literal>apt-get install ...</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5871 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5912 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5943 msgid "Chose packages listed on the command line" msgstr "コマンドラインにリストされたパッケージの選択" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5881 msgid "Fetch selected binary packages from remote archive" msgstr "選ばれたバイナリーパッケージをリモートアーカイブから取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5907 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Remove</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude remove …</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get remove …</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">削除</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude remove ...</literal>\"か\"<literal>apt-get remove ...</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5922 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5953 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">prerm</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">prerm</emphasis>スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5927 msgid "Remove installed files <emphasis role=\"strong\">except</emphasis> configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイル<emphasis role=\"strong\">以外の</emphasis>インストール済みファイルの削除" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5932 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5963 msgid "Run <emphasis role=\"strong\">postrm</emphasis> script" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">postrm</emphasis>スクリプトの実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5938 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Purge</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude purge …</literal>\" or \"<literal>apt-get purge …</literal>\"):" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全削除</emphasis> (\"<literal>aptitude purge ...</literal>\"か\"<literal>apt-get purge ...</literal>\"):" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5958 msgid "Remove installed files <emphasis role=\"strong\">including</emphasis> configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイル<emphasis role=\"strong\">を含めた</emphasis>インストール済みファイルの削除" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5969 msgid "Here, I intentionally skipped technical details for the sake of big picture." msgstr "上記では全体像の理解のためにわざと技術詳細を端折っています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5972 msgid "First response to package management troubles" msgstr "パッケージ管理のトラブルへの応急対処法" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5973 msgid "You should read the fine official documentation. The first document to read is the Debian specific \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/README.Debian</literal>\". Other documentation in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/</literal>\" should be consulted too. If you set shell as <xref linkend=\"_customizing_bash\"/>, type the following." msgstr "内容が正確な正式文書を読むように心がけるべきです。まずDebianに特定のことが記載された\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/README.Debian</literal>\"を最初に読むべきです。また\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/<package_name>/</literal>\"の中にある他の文書も参照すべきです。<xref linkend=\"_customizing_bash\"/>に書かれたようなシェル設定がされていれば、次のようにタイプして下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5974 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ cd <package_name>\n" "$ pager README.Debian\n" "$ mc" msgstr "" "$ cd <package_name>\n" "$ pager README.Debian\n" "$ mc" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5977 msgid "You may need to install the corresponding documentation package named with \"<literal>-doc</literal>\" suffix for detailed information." msgstr "さらに詳しい情報を得るには\"<literal>-doc</literal>\"というサフィクスを持った対応する文書パッケージをインストールする必要があるかもしれません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5978 msgid "If you are experiencing problems with a specific package, make sure to check out <ulink url=\"&thedebianbugtrackingsystembts;\">the Debian bug tracking system (BTS)</ulink> sites, first." msgstr "特定パッケージに関する問題に出会った際には、<ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debianバグトラッキングシステム(BTS)</ulink>サイトを必ず確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5980 msgid "List of key web site to resolving problems with a specific package" msgstr "特定パッケージの問題解決のためのキーとなるウェッブサイトのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5987 msgid "web site" msgstr "ウェッブサイト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5997 msgid "Home page of <ulink url=\"&thedebianbugtrackingsystembts;\">the Debian bug tracking system (BTS)</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debianバグトラッキングシステム(BTS)</ulink>のホームページ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6000 msgid "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/\"</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6005 msgid "The bug report of a known package name" msgstr "既知のパッケージに関するバグレポート" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6008 msgid "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name>\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<package_name>\"</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6013 msgid "The bug report of known bug number" msgstr "既知のバグ番号に関するバグレポート" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6016 msgid "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<bug_number>\"</literal>" msgstr "<literal>sensible-browser \"http://bugs.debian.org/<bug_number>\"</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6022 msgid "Search <ulink url=\"&google;\">Google</ulink> with search words including \"<literal>site:debian.org</literal>\", \"<literal>site:wiki.debian.org</literal>\", \"<literal>site:lists.debian.org</literal>\", etc." msgstr "\"<literal>site:debian.org</literal>\"や\"<literal>site:wiki.debian.org</literal>\"や\"<literal>site:lists.debian.org</literal>\"等を含む検索語で<ulink url=\"&google;\">Google</ulink>を検索します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6023 msgid "When you file a bug report, please use <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) command." msgstr "バグ報告をする際には、<literal>reportbug</literal>(1)コマンドを使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6027 msgid "Basic package management operations" msgstr "基本的パッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6028 msgid "Aptitude is the current preferred package management tool for the Debian system. It can be used as the commandline alternative to <literal>apt-get</literal> / <literal>apt-cache</literal> and also as the full screen interactive package management tool." msgstr "AptitudeはDebianシステムで現在推薦されるパッケージ管理ツールです。<literal>apt-get</literal> / <literal>apt-cache</literal>をコマンドラインで代替もしますし、またフルスクリーンのインタラクティブなパッケージ管理ツールとしても使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6029 msgid "For the package management operation which involves package installation or updates package metadata, you need to have root privilege." msgstr "パッケージをインストールしたりパッケージのメタデーターを更新するようなパッケージ管理操作にはroot権限が必要です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6031 msgid "Basic package management operations with commandline" msgstr "コマンドラインによる基本的なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6032 msgid "Here are basic package management operations with commandline using <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8)." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)や<literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8)を使うコマンドラインによるパッケージ管理操作を次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6034 msgid "Basic package management operations with commandline using <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and <literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8)" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)や<literal>apt-get</literal>(8) /<literal>apt-cache</literal>(8)を使うコマンドラインによる基本パッケージ管理操作を次に記します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6041 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> syntax" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>シンタックス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6043 msgid "<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal> syntax" msgstr "<literal>apt-get</literal>/<literal>apt-cache</literal>シンタックス" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6053 msgid "<literal>aptitude update</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude update</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6056 msgid "<literal>apt-get update</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get update</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6059 msgid "update package archive metadata" msgstr "パッケージアーカイブメタデーター更新" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6064 msgid "<literal>aptitude install foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude install foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6067 msgid "<literal>apt-get install foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get install foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6070 msgid "install candidate version of \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package with its dependencies" msgstr "\"<literal>foo</literal>\"パッケージの候補バージョンをその依存関係とともにインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6075 msgid "<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6078 msgid "<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get upgrade</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6081 msgid "install candidate version of installed packages without removing any other packages" msgstr "他のパッケージを削除すること無くインストール済みパッケージの候補バージョンをインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6086 msgid "<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6089 msgid "<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade <package></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get dist-upgrade <パッケージ></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6092 msgid "install candidate version of installed packages while removing other packages if needed" msgstr "必要なら他のパッケージを削除しながらインストール済みパッケージの候補バージョンをインストール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6097 msgid "<literal>aptitude remove foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude remove foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6100 msgid "<literal>apt-get remove foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get remove foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6103 msgid "remove \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package while leaving its configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイルを残したまま\"<literal>foo</literal>\"パッケージを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6108 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6177 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6188 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14728 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17133 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17136 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17343 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17346 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17349 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17359 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:17362 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21545 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:21548 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24251 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:26073 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26084 msgid "N/A" msgstr "N/A" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6111 msgid "<literal>apt-get autoremove</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get autoremove</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6114 msgid "remove auto-installed packages which is no longer required" msgstr "既に必要なくなっている自動済みパッケージを削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6119 msgid "<literal>aptitude purge foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude purge foo</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6122 msgid "<literal>apt-get purge foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get purge foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6125 msgid "purge \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package with its configuration files" msgstr "設定ファイルを含めて\"<literal>foo</literal>\"パッケージを完全削除" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6130 msgid "<literal>aptitude clean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude clean</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6133 msgid "<literal>apt-get clean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get clean</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6136 msgid "clear out the local repository of retrieved package files completely" msgstr "収集されローカルに貯蔵されたパッケージファイルを完全消去" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6141 msgid "<literal>aptitude autoclean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude autoclean</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6144 msgid "<literal>apt-get autoclean</literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get autoclean</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6147 msgid "clear out the local repository of retrieved package files for outdated packages" msgstr "収集されローカルに貯蔵されたパッケージファイルのうち古くなったパッケージを消去" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6152 msgid "<literal>aptitude show foo</literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude show foo</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6155 msgid "<literal>apt-cache show <package></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache show <パッケージ></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6158 msgid "display detailed information about \"<literal>foo</literal>\" package" msgstr "\"<literal>foo</literal>\"パッケージに関する詳細情報を表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6163 msgid "<literal>aptitude search <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude search <regex></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6166 msgid "<literal>apt-cache search <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache search <regex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6169 msgid "search packages which match <regex>" msgstr "<regex>とマッチするパッケージを検索" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6174 msgid "<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6180 msgid "explain the reason why <regex> matching packages should be installed" msgstr "なぜ<regex>とマッチするパッケージがインストールされるのかを説明" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6185 msgid "<literal>aptitude why-not <regex></literal>" msgstr "<literal>aptitude why-not <regex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6191 msgid "explain the reason why <regex> matching packages can not be installed" msgstr "なぜ<regex>とマッチするパッケージがインストールされないのかを説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6197 msgid "Although it is now safe to mix different package tools on the Debian system, it is best to continue using <literal>aptitude</literal> as much as possible." msgstr "Debianシステム上の異なったパッケージツールを混用しても問題が起こらなくなりましたが、できるだけ<literal>aptitude</literal>を使い続けるのが最善です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6198 msgid "The difference between \"<literal>safe-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>upgrade</literal>\" and \"<literal>full-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>\" only appears when new versions of packages stand in different dependency relationships from old versions of those packages. The \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\" command does not install new packages nor remove installed packages." msgstr "\"<literal>safe-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>upgrade</literal>\"と\"<literal>full-upgrade</literal>\"/\"<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>\"の違いは新しいバージョンのパッケージが該当する古いバージョンと異なった依存関係がある場合にのみ起こります。\"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"コマンドは新規のパッケージをインストールも削除もしません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6199 msgid "The \"<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>\" can list more information by \"<literal>aptitude -v why <regex></literal>\". Similar information can be obtained by \"<literal>apt-cache rdepends <package></literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude why <regex></literal>\"は\"<literal>aptitude -v why <regex></literal>\"とすることでさらに詳しい情報を表示します。同様の情報は\"<literal>apt-cache rdepends <package></literal>\"とすることでも得られます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6200 msgid "When <literal>aptitude</literal> command is started in the commandline mode and faces some issues such as package conflicts, you can switch to the full screen interactive mode by pressing \"<literal>e</literal>\"-key later at the prompt." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>コマンドが最初コマンドラインモードで実行されパッケージ間のコンフリクトのような問題に直面した場合は、プロンプトがでた際に\"<literal>e</literal>\"を押すことでフルスクリーンのインタラクティブモードに切り替えられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6201 msgid "You may provide command options right after \"<literal>aptitude</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude</literal>\"のすぐ後ろにコマンドオプションをつけられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6203 msgid "Notable command options for <literal>aptitude</literal>(8)" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)に関する特記すべきコマンドオプション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6210 msgid "command option" msgstr "コマンドオプション" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6220 msgid "<literal>-s</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-s</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6223 msgid "simulate the result of the command" msgstr "コマンド結果のシミュレート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6228 msgid "<literal>-d</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-d</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6231 msgid "download only but no install/upgrade" msgstr "インストール/アップグレード無しにダウンロードのみする" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6236 msgid "<literal>-D</literal>" msgstr "<literal>-D</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6239 msgid "show brief explanations before the automatic installations and removals" msgstr "自動的なインストールや削除の前に簡単な説明を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6245 msgid "See <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) and \"aptitude user's manual\" at \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\" for more." msgstr "詳細は<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)や\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\"にある\"aptitude user's manual\"を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6247 msgid "The <literal>dselect</literal> package is still available and was the preferred full screen interactive package management tool in previous releases." msgstr "現在でも存続している<literal>dselect</literal>パッケージは、過去のリリースでは推薦されたフルスクリーンのインタラクティブなパッケージ管理ツールでした。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6251 msgid "Interactive use of aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeのインタラクティブな使用" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6252 msgid "For the interactive package management, you start <literal>aptitude</literal> in interactive mode from the console shell prompt as follows." msgstr "インタラクティブなパッケージ管理のためには<literal>aptitude</literal>をインタラクティブモードでコンソールのシェルプロンプトから次のように立ち上げます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6253 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ sudo aptitude -u\n" "Password:" msgstr "" "$ sudo aptitude -u\n" "Password:" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6255 msgid "This updates the local copy of the archive information and display the package list in the full screen with menu. Aptitude places its configuration at \"<literal>~/.aptitude/config</literal>\"." msgstr "これによりアーカイブ情報のローカルコピーは更新され、フルスクリーンのパッケージリストがメニュー付きで表示されます。Aptitudeの設定ファイルは\"<literal>~/.aptitude/config</literal>\"にあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6257 msgid "If you want to use root's configuration instead of user's one, use \"<literal>sudo -H aptitude …</literal>\" instead of \"<literal>sudo aptitude …</literal>\" in the above expression." msgstr "userの設定ファイルでなくrootの設定ファイルを使いたい際には、上記の例で\"<literal>sudo aptitude ...</literal>\"の代わりに\"<literal>sudo -H aptitude ...</literal>\"を使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6260 msgid "<literal>Aptitude</literal> automatically sets <emphasis role=\"strong\">pending actions</emphasis> as it is started interactively. If you do not like it, you can reset it from menu: \"Action\" → \"Cancel pending actions\"." msgstr "<literal>Aptitude</literal>はインタラクティブに起動されると<emphasis role=\"strong\">次にするアクション</emphasis>を自動的に設定します。その設定が好ましくない場合はメニュー:\"Action\" → \"Cancel pending actions\"からリセットすることができます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6264 msgid "Key bindings of aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeのキーバインディング" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6265 msgid "Notable key strokes to browse status of packages and to set \"planned action\" on them in this full screen mode are the following." msgstr "パッケージの状態を閲覧し、\"予定のアクション\"の設定をこのフルスクリーンモードで各パッケージするための重要なキーを次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6267 msgid "List of key bindings for aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeのキーバインディングのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6283 msgid "<literal>F10</literal> or <literal>Ctrl-t</literal>" msgstr "<literal>F10</literal>もしくくは<literal>Ctrl-t</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6286 msgid "menu" msgstr "メニュー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6294 msgid "display <emphasis role=\"strong\">help</emphasis> for keystroke (more complete listing)" msgstr "(より詳細な)キーの意味の<emphasis role=\"strong\">ヘルプ</emphasis>の表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6298 msgid "<literal>F10</literal> → Help → User's Manual" msgstr "<literal>F10</literal> → ヘルプ → ユーザーマニュアル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6301 msgid "display User's Manual" msgstr "ユーザーマニュアルの表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6306 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20549 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24519 msgid "<literal>u</literal>" msgstr "<literal>u</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6309 msgid "update package archive information" msgstr "パッケージアーカイブ情報の更新" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6314 msgid "<literal>+</literal>" msgstr "<literal>+</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6317 msgid "mark the package for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">upgrade</emphasis> or the <emphasis role=\"strong\">install</emphasis>" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">アップグレード</emphasis>または<emphasis role=\"strong\">インストール</emphasis>するとマーク" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6325 msgid "mark the package for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">remove</emphasis> (keep configuration files)" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">削除</emphasis>するとマーク(設定ファイルは温存)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6330 msgid "<literal>_</literal>" msgstr "<literal>_</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6333 msgid "mark the package for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">purge</emphasis> (remove configuration files)" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">完全削除</emphasis>するとマーク(設定ファイルも削除)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6338 msgid "<literal>=</literal>" msgstr "<literal>=</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6341 msgid "place the package on <emphasis role=\"strong\">hold</emphasis>" msgstr "パッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">ホールド</emphasis>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6346 msgid "<literal>U</literal>" msgstr "<literal>U</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6349 msgid "mark all upgradable packages (function as <emphasis role=\"strong\">full-upgrade</emphasis>)" msgstr "全てのアップグレード可能なパッケージをマーク(<emphasis role=\"strong\">full-upgrade</emphasis>として機能)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6354 msgid "<literal>g</literal>" msgstr "<literal>g</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6357 msgid "start <emphasis role=\"strong\">downloading</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">installing</emphasis> selected packages" msgstr "選ばれたパッケージの<emphasis role=\"strong\">ダウンロード</emphasis>と<emphasis role=\"strong\">インストール</emphasis>をスタート" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6362 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20188 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:24487 msgid "<literal>q</literal>" msgstr "<literal>q</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6365 msgid "quit current screen and save changes" msgstr "現在のスクリーンを終了し変更を保存" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6370 msgid "<literal>x</literal>" msgstr "<literal>x</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6373 msgid "quit current screen and discard changes" msgstr "現在のスクリーンを終了し変更を廃棄" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6378 msgid "<literal>Enter</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Enter</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6381 msgid "view information about a package" msgstr "パッケージに関する情報閲覧" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6386 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18944 msgid "<literal>C</literal>" msgstr "<literal>C</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6389 msgid "view a package's changelog" msgstr "パッケージの変更履歴を閲覧" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6397 msgid "change the limit for the displayed packages" msgstr "表示されるパッケージの制限を変更" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6405 msgid "search for the first match" msgstr "最初のマッチを検索" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6410 msgid "<literal>\\</literal>" msgstr "<literal>\\</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6413 msgid "repeat the last search" msgstr "最終検索の反復" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6419 msgid "The file name specification of the command line and the menu prompt after pressing \"<literal>l</literal>\" and \"<literal>//</literal>\" take the aptitude regex as described below. Aptitude regex can explicitly match a package name using a string started by \"<literal>~n</literal> and followed by the package name." msgstr "コマンドラインのファイル名の規定や、\"<literal>l</literal>\"や\"<literal>/</literal>\"を押した後のメニュープロンプトは次に記すaptitudeのregex(正規表現)が使われます。aptitudeのregexは\"<literal>~n</literal>\"で始めそれにパッケージ名を続けた文字列を使うことで明示的にパッケージ名とマッチさせられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6421 msgid "You need to press \"<literal>U</literal>\" to get all the installed packages upgraded to the <emphasis role=\"strong\">candidate version</emphasis> in the visual interface. Otherwise only the selected packages and certain packages with versioned dependency to them are upgraded to the <emphasis role=\"strong\">candidate version</emphasis>." msgstr "ビジュアルインターフェースで全てのインストール済みパッケージを<emphasis role=\"strong\">候補バージョン</emphasis>にアップグレードさせるには\"<literal>U</literal>\"を押さなければいけません。これをしないと選ばれたパッケージとそれにバージョン付きの依存関係のある特定のパッケージのみがアップグレードされます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6425 msgid "Package views under aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeの下でのパッケージの表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6426 msgid "In the interactive full screen mode of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8), packages in the package list are displayed as the next example." msgstr "インタラクティブなフルスクリーンモードの<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)はパッケージリスト中のパッケージは次の例のように表示されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6427 #, no-wrap msgid "idA libsmbclient -2220kB 3.0.25a-1 3.0.25a-2" msgstr "idA libsmbclient -2220kB 3.0.25a-1 3.0.25a-2" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6428 msgid "Here, this line means from the left as the following." msgstr "上記の行は左から次に記すような意味です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6432 msgid "The \"current state\" flag (the first letter)" msgstr "\"現状\"フラグ(1番目の文字)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6437 msgid "The \"planned action\" flag (the second letter)" msgstr "\"予定のアクション\"フラグ(2番目の文字)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6442 msgid "The \"automatic\" flag (the third letter)" msgstr "\"自動\"フラグ(3番目の文字)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6447 msgid "The Package name" msgstr "パッケージ名" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6452 msgid "The change in disk space usage attributed to \"planned action\"" msgstr "\"予定のアクション\"に帰属されるディスク空間の使用の変化" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6457 msgid "The current version of the package" msgstr "パッケージの現バージョン" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6462 msgid "The candidate version of the package" msgstr "パッケージの候補バージョン" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6467 msgid "The full list of flags are given at the bottom of <emphasis role=\"strong\">Help</emphasis> screen shown by pressing \"<literal>?</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>?</literal>\"を押して表示される<emphasis role=\"strong\">ヘルプ</emphasis>スクリーンの一番下に全フラグのリストがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6469 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">candidate version</emphasis> is chosen according to the current local preferences (see <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) and <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)." msgstr "現在のローカルの環境設定によって<emphasis role=\"strong\">候補バージョン</emphasis>は選ばれます(<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)と<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>を参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6470 msgid "Several types of package views are available under the menu \"<literal>Views</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>表示</literal>\"メニューの下に数種のパッケージ表示があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6472 msgid "List of views for aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeの表示のリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6480 msgid "view" msgstr "表示" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6483 msgid "status" msgstr "状況" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6486 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6564 msgid "description of view" msgstr "ビューの説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6493 msgid "<literal>Package View</literal>" msgstr "<literal>パッケージ画面</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6496 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6507 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6518 msgid "Good" msgstr "良好" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6499 msgid "see <xref linkend=\"standard-package-views\"/> (default)" msgstr "<xref linkend=\"standard-package-views\"/>参照(デフォールト)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6504 msgid "<literal>Audit Recommendations</literal>" msgstr "<literal>推奨を監査</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6510 msgid "list packages which are recommended by some installed packages but not yet installed are listed" msgstr "何らかのインストール済みパッケージによって推薦されているがインストールされていないパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6515 msgid "<literal>Flat Package List</literal>" msgstr "<literal>平坦なパッケージリスト</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6521 msgid "list packages without categorization (for use with regex)" msgstr "パッケージを分類せずにリスト(regexとともに使用)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6526 msgid "<literal>Debtags Browser</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Debtags表示</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6529 msgid "Very usable" msgstr "十分使える" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6532 msgid "list packages categorized according to their <ulink url=\"&debtags;\">debtags</ulink> entries" msgstr "パッケージの<ulink url=\"&debtags;\">debtags</ulink>のエントリーにより分類したパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6537 msgid "<literal>Categorical Browser</literal>" msgstr "<literal>カテゴリー別表示</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6540 msgid "Deprecated" msgstr "非推奨" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6543 msgid "list packages categorized according to their category (use <literal>Debtags Browser</literal>, instead)" msgstr "パッケージのカテゴリー別に分類してパッケージをリスト(これに代えて<literal>Debtags表示</literal>を利用しましょう)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6550 msgid "Please help us <ulink url=\"&improvingtaggingkageswithdebtags;\">improving tagging packages with debtags!</ulink>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"&improvingtaggingkageswithdebtags;\">パッケージのdebtagsによるタグ付け状況を改善する</ulink>のにご協力下さい！" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6552 msgid "The standard \"<literal>Package View</literal>\" categorizes packages somewhat like <literal>dselect</literal> with few extra features." msgstr "標準\"<literal>パッケージ画面</literal>\"はパッケージを<literal>dselect</literal>にいくつかの機能を加えた感じで分類します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6554 msgid "The categorization of standard package views" msgstr "標準パッケージ画面の分類" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6561 msgid "category" msgstr "分類" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6571 msgid "<literal>Upgradable Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>更新可能なパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6574 msgid "list packages organized as <literal>section</literal> → <literal>component</literal> → <literal>package</literal>" msgstr "<literal>section</literal> → <literal>component</literal> → <literal>package</literal>と整理してパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6579 msgid "<literal>New Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>新規パッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6587 msgid "<literal>Installed Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>インストール済みのパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6595 msgid "<literal>Not Installed Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>インストールされていないパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6603 msgid "<literal>Obsolete and Locally Created Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>廃止された、またはローカルで作成されたパッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6611 msgid "<literal>Virtual Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>仮想パッケージ</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6614 msgid "list packages with the same function" msgstr "同一機能のパッケージをリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6619 msgid "<literal>Tasks</literal>" msgstr "<literal>タスク</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6622 msgid "list packages with different functions generally needed for a task" msgstr "タスクに一般的に必要な機能を持つパッケージのリスト" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6629 msgid "<literal>Tasks</literal> view can be used to cherry pick packages for your task." msgstr "<literal>Tasks</literal>ビューはあなたのタスクに使うパッケージをいいとこ取りするのに使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6633 msgid "Search method options with aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeを使った探索方法" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6634 msgid "Aptitude offers several options for you to search packages using its regex formula." msgstr "Aptitudeはそのregex式機能を通してパッケージを探索する方法をいくつか提供します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6638 msgid "Shell commandline:" msgstr "シェルコマンドライン:" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6643 msgid "\"<literal>aptitude search '<aptitude_regex>'</literal>\" to list installation status, package name and short description of matching packages" msgstr "マッチするパッケージのインストール状態やパッケージ名や短い説明をリストをする、\"<literal>aptitude search '<aptitude_regex>'</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6648 msgid "\"<literal>aptitude show '<package_name>'</literal>\" to list detailed description of the package" msgstr "パッケージの詳細説明のリストをする、\"<literal>aptitude show '<package_name>'</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6655 msgid "Interactive full screen mode:" msgstr "対話型フルスクリーンモード:" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6660 msgid "\"<literal>l</literal>\" to limit package view to matching packages" msgstr "マッチするパッケージにパッケージビューを絞る、\"<literal>l</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6665 msgid "\"<literal>/</literal>\" for search to a matching package" msgstr "マッチするパッケージを探す、\"<literal>/</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6670 msgid "\"<literal>\\</literal>\" for backward search to a matching package" msgstr "マッチするパッケージを逆方向に探す、\"<literal>\\</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6675 msgid "\"<literal>n</literal>\" for find-next" msgstr "次を探す、\"<literal>n</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6680 msgid "\"<literal>N</literal>\" for find-next (backward)" msgstr "次を逆方向に探す、\"<literal>N</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6687 msgid "The string for <package_name> is treated as the exact string match to the package name unless it is started explicitly with \"<literal>~</literal>\" to be the regex formula." msgstr "<package_name>という文字列は、\"<literal>~</literal>\"で始めてregex式と明示されていない限り、パッケージ名との完全な一致検索として扱います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6691 msgid "The aptitude regex formula" msgstr "aptitudeのregex式" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6692 msgid "The aptitude regex formula is mutt-like extended <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> (see <xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>) and the meanings of the <literal>aptitude</literal> specific special match rule extensions are as follows." msgstr "aptitudeのregex式はmutt的な拡張<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>(<xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>参照)で<literal>aptitude</literal>に特定なマッチ規則の拡張は次に示すとおりです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6694 msgid "List of the aptitude regex formula" msgstr "aptitudeのregex式のリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6701 msgid "description of the extended match rule" msgstr "拡張マッチ規則の説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6704 msgid "regex formula" msgstr "regex式" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6711 msgid "match on package name" msgstr "パッケージ名とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6714 msgid "<literal>~n<regex_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~n<名前のregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6719 msgid "match on description" msgstr "記述とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6722 msgid "<literal>~d<regex_description></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~d<記述のregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6727 msgid "match on task name" msgstr "タスク名とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6730 msgid "<literal>~t<regex_task></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~t<タスクのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6735 msgid "match on debtag" msgstr "debtagとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6738 msgid "<literal>~G<regex_debtag></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~G<debtagのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6743 msgid "match on maintainer" msgstr "メンテナとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6746 msgid "<literal>~m<regex_maintainer></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~m<maintainerのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6751 msgid "match on package section" msgstr "パッケージセクションとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6754 msgid "<literal>~s<regex_section></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~s<セクションのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6759 msgid "match on package version" msgstr "パッケージバージョンとのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6762 msgid "<literal>~V<regex_version></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~V<バージョンのregex></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6767 msgid "match archive" msgstr "アーカイブ(archive)とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6769 msgid "<literal>~A{sarge,etch,sid</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~A{sarge,etch,sid</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6774 msgid "match origin" msgstr "オリジン(origin)とのマッチ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6776 msgid "<literal>~O{debian,…</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~O{debian,…</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6781 msgid "match priority" msgstr "優先度(priority)とのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6783 msgid "<literal>~p{extra,important,optional,required,standard</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~p{extra,important,optional,required,standard</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6788 msgid "match essential packages" msgstr "必須(essential)パッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6791 msgid "<literal>~E</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~E</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6796 msgid "match virtual packages" msgstr "仮想パッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6799 msgid "<literal>~v</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~v</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6804 msgid "match new packages" msgstr "新規パッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6807 msgid "<literal>~N</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~N</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6812 msgid "match with pending action" msgstr "次のアクションとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6814 msgid "<literal>~a{install,upgrade,downgrade,remove,purge,hold,keep</literal>}" msgstr "<literal>~a{install,upgrade,downgrade,remove,purge,hold,keep</literal>}" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6819 msgid "match installed packages" msgstr "インストール済みパッケージとのマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6822 msgid "<literal>~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6827 msgid "match installed packages with <emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-mark (auto installed package)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-マークのついたインストール済みパッケージとマッチ(自動インストール済みパッケージ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6830 msgid "<literal>~M</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~M</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6835 msgid "match installed packages without <emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-mark (administrator selected package)" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">A</emphasis>-マークのついていないインストール済みパッケージとマッチ(管理者が選択したパッケージ)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6838 msgid "<literal>~i!~M</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~i!~M</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6843 msgid "match installed and upgradable packages" msgstr "インストール済みかつアップグレード可能なパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6846 msgid "<literal>~U</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~U</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6851 msgid "match removed but not purged packages" msgstr "削除済みだが完全削除されていないパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6854 msgid "<literal>~c</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~c</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6859 msgid "match removed, purged or can-be-removed packages" msgstr "削除済みか完全削除済みか削除可能なパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6862 msgid "<literal>~g</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~g</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6867 msgid "match packages with broken relation" msgstr "パッケージ依存関係が壊れたパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6870 msgid "<literal>~b</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~b</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6875 msgid "match packages with broken depends/predepends/conflict" msgstr "depends/predepends/conflictの依存関係が壊れたパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6878 msgid "<literal>~B<type></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~B<type></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6883 msgid "match packages from which relation <type> is defined to <term> package" msgstr "<term>パッケージに対して<type>の依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6886 msgid "<literal>~D[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~D[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6891 msgid "match packages from which <emphasis role=\"strong\">broken</emphasis> relation <type> is defined to <term> package" msgstr "<term>パッケージに対して<type>の<emphasis role=\"strong\">壊れた</emphasis>依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6894 msgid "<literal>~DB[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~DB[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6899 msgid "match packages to which the <term> package defines relation <type>" msgstr "<term>パッケージに対して<type>の依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6902 msgid "<literal>~R[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~R[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6907 msgid "match packages to which the <term> package defines <emphasis role=\"strong\">broken</emphasis> relation <type>" msgstr "<term>パッケージに対して<type>の<emphasis role=\"strong\">壊れた</emphasis>依存関係があるパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6910 msgid "<literal>~RB[<type>:]<term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~RB[<type>:]<term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6915 msgid "match packages to which some other installed packages depend on" msgstr "他のインストール済みパッケージが依存するパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6918 msgid "<literal>~R~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~R~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6923 msgid "match packages to which no other installed packages depend on" msgstr "他のインストール済みパッケージが一切依存しないパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6926 msgid "<literal>!~R~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>!~R~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6931 msgid "match packages to which some other installed packages depend or recommend on" msgstr "他のインストール済みパッケージが依存もしくは推薦するパッケージとマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6934 msgid "<literal>~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6939 msgid "match <term> package with filtered version" msgstr "フィルターされたバージョンの<term>とマッチ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6942 msgid "<literal>~S filter <term></literal>" msgstr "<literal>~S filter <term></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6947 msgid "match all packages (true)" msgstr "常に全てのパッケージにマッチ(真)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6950 msgid "<literal>~T</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~T</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6955 msgid "match no packages (false)" msgstr "どのパッケージにもマッチしない(偽)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6958 msgid "<literal>~F</literal>" msgstr "<literal>~F</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6967 msgid "The regex part is the same <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis> as the one used in typical Unix-like text tools using \"<literal>^</literal>\", \"<literal>.*</literal>\", \"<literal>$</literal>\" etc. as in <literal>egrep</literal>(1), <literal>awk</literal>(1) and <literal>perl</literal>(1)." msgstr "regex部分は、\"<literal>^</literal>\"や\"<literal>.*</literal>\"や\"<literal>$</literal>\"などを使う<literal>egrep</literal>(1)や<literal>awk</literal>(1)や<literal>perl</literal>(1)といった典型的なUnix的テキストツールで使われる<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>と同様です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6972 msgid "The relation <type> is one of (depends, predepends, recommends, suggests, conflicts, replaces, provides)." msgstr "依存関係を表す<type>は(depends, predepends, recommends, suggests, conflicts, replaces, provides)の内の1つです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6977 msgid "The default relation type is \"depends\"." msgstr "デフォールトの依存関係は\"depends\"です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6982 msgid "When <regex_pattern> is a null string, place \"<literal>~T</literal>\" immediately after the command." msgstr "<regex_pattern>がヌル文字列の場合は\"<literal>~T</literal>\"をコマンドの直後に使って下さい。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6984 msgid "Here are some short cuts." msgstr "次がショーとカットです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6988 msgid "\"<literal>~P<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dprovides:<term></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>~P<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dprovides:<term></literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6993 msgid "\"<literal>~C<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dconflicts:<term></literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>~C<term></literal>\" == \"<literal>~Dconflicts:<term></literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:6998 msgid "\"<literal>…~W term</literal>\" == \"<literal>(…|term)</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>…~W term</literal>\" == \"<literal>(…|term)</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7002 msgid "Users familiar with <literal>mutt</literal> pick up quickly, as mutt was the inspiration for the expression syntax. See \"SEARCHING, LIMITING, AND EXPRESSIONS\" in the \"User's Manual\" \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\"." msgstr "muttが表現のお手本なので、<literal>mutt</literal>に慣れているユーザーはすぐ慣れるでしょう。\"User's Manual\" (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/README</literal>\")中の\"SEARCHING, LIMITING, AND EXPRESSIONS\"を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7004 msgid "With the <literal>lenny</literal> version of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8), the new <emphasis role=\"strong\">long form</emphasis> syntax such as \"<literal>?broken</literal>\" may be used for regex matching in place for its old <emphasis role=\"strong\">short form</emphasis> equivalent \"<literal>~b</literal>\". Now space character \"<literal> </literal>\" is considered as one of the regex terminating character in addition to tilde character \"<literal>~</literal>\". See \"User's Manual\" for the new <emphasis role=\"strong\">long form</emphasis> syntax." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal>バージョンの<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)では、新規の\"<literal>?broken</literal>\"のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">長形式</emphasis>のregexマッチ形式が、古い\"<literal>~b</literal>\"のような<emphasis role=\"strong\">短形式</emphasis>のマッチ形式に代えて使えます。そのためチルダ文字\"<literal>~</literal>\"に加えてスペース文字\"<literal> </literal>\"もregexの終端文字として扱われます。新規の<emphasis role=\"strong\">長形式</emphasis>のマッチ形式については\"User's Manual\"を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7008 msgid "Dependency resolution of aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeによる依存関係の解決" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7009 msgid "The selection of a package in <literal>aptitude</literal> not only pulls in packages which are defined in its \"<literal>Depends:</literal>\" list but also defined in the \"<literal>Recommends:</literal>\" list if the menu \"<literal>F10</literal> → Options → Dependency handling\" is set accordingly. These auto installed packages are removed automatically if they are no longer needed under <literal>aptitude</literal>." msgstr " <literal>aptitude</literal>によるパッケージの選択は、\"<literal>F10</literal> → Options → Dependency handling\"のメニュー設定に従って、\"<literal>Depends:</literal>\"リストに規定されたパッケージばかりでは無く\"<literal>Recommends:</literal>\"リストに規定されたパッケージも引き込みます。このような自動的にインストールされたパッケージは不要になると<literal>aptitude</literal>が自動的に削除します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7011 msgid "Before the <literal>lenny</literal> release, <literal>apt-get</literal> and other standard APT tools did not offer the autoremove functionality." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal>リリース以前は、<literal>apt-get</literal>等の他の標準的なAPTツールは自動的削除機能がありませんでした。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7015 msgid "Package activity logs" msgstr "パッケージアクティビティーログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7016 msgid "You can check package activity history in the log files." msgstr "パッケージアクティビティーの履歴はログファイルで確認できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7018 msgid "The log files for package activities" msgstr "パッケージアクティビティーのログファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7025 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7587 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7975 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9918 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12044 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12134 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:12203 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14523 msgid "file" msgstr "ファイル" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7028 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7593 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:10041 msgid "content" msgstr "内容" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7035 msgid "<literal>/var/log/dpkg.log</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/dpkg.log</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7038 msgid "Log of <literal>dpkg</literal> level activity for all package activities" msgstr "全パッケージアクティビティの<literal>dpkg</literal>レベルのアクティビティーのログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7043 msgid "<literal>/var/log/apt/term.log</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/apt/term.log</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7046 msgid "Log of generic APT activity" msgstr "APTアクティビティのログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7051 msgid "<literal>/var/log/aptitude</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/log/aptitude</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7054 msgid "Log of <literal>aptitude</literal> command activity" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>コマンドアクティビティのログ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7060 msgid "In reality, it is not so easy to get meaningful understanding quickly out from these logs. See <xref linkend=\"_recording_changes_in_configuration_files\"/> for easier way." msgstr "これらのログから意味のある理解を迅速に得るのは実際には難しいです。より簡単な方法については<xref linkend=\"_recording_changes_in_configuration_files\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7063 msgid "Aptitude advantages" msgstr "Aptitudeの長所" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7064 msgid "Aptitude has advantages over other APT based packaging systems (apt-get, apt-cache, synaptic, …)." msgstr "Aptitudeは他のAPT準拠のパッケージシステム(apt-get, apt-cache, synaptic, …)と比べて次の有利な点があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7067 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> removes unused auto installed packages automatically using its own extra layer of package state file (<literal>/var/lib/aptitude/pkgstates</literal>). (For new \"<literal>lenny</literal>\", other APT does the same.)" msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>は独自の追加層(<literal>/var/lib/aptitude/pkgstates</literal>)を使用して自動インストールされ使われなくなったパッケージを自動的に削除します。(新しい<literal>lenny</literal>では、他のAPTも同様のことをします。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7071 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> makes it easy to resolve package conflicts and to add recommended packages." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>を使うことでパッケージ間のコンフリクト解消や推薦パッケージの追加がしやすくなります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7075 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> makes it easy to keep track of obsolete software by listing under \"Obsolete and Locally Created Packages\"." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>を使うことで\"廃止された、またはローカルで作成されたパッケージ\"の下にリストすることで廃止ソフトウェアを追跡がしやすくなります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7079 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> gives a log of its history in \"<literal>/var/log/aptitude</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>は\"<literal>/var/log/aptitude</literal>にその履歴記録を残します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7083 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> offers access to all versions of the package if available." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>を使うことで利用可能な全てのバージョンのパッケージにアクセスできます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7087 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> includes a fairly powerful regex based system for searching particular packages and limiting the package display." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>には特定パッケージを探したり表示を制限するためのかなり強力なregexシステムがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7091 msgid "<literal>aptitude</literal> in the full screen mode has <literal>su</literal> functionality embedded and can be run from normal user until you really need administrative privileges." msgstr "フルスクリーンモードの<literal>aptitude</literal>は<literal>su</literal>機能がついているので本当に管理権限が必要になるまでは通常のユーザーからの実行ができます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7095 msgid "For the old <literal>etch</literal> release version, <literal>synaptic</literal> also gives you the history log; <literal>apt-get</literal> did not but you can rely on the log of <literal>dpkg</literal>." msgstr "旧式の<literal>etch</literal>リリースのバージョンでは、<literal>synaptic</literal>も履歴記録がありました。また<literal>apt-get</literal>には履歴記録がありませんでしたが、<literal>dpkg</literal>の記録に頼れました。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7096 msgid "Anyway, <literal>aptitude</literal> is nice for interactive console use." msgstr "何れにせよ<literal>aptitude</literal>はコンソールでのインタラクティブな使用に好適です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7100 msgid "Examples of aptitude operations" msgstr "aptitude操作例" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7101 msgid "Here are few examples of <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) operations." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)操作例を次に示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7103 msgid "Listing packages with regex matching on package names" msgstr "regexにマッチするパッケージ名のパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7104 msgid "The following command lists packages with regex matching on package names." msgstr "次のコマンドはパッケージの名前がregexにマッチするパッケージをリストします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7105 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ aptitude search '~n(pam|nss).*ldap'\n" "p libnss-ldap - NSS module for using LDAP as a naming service\n" "p libpam-ldap - Pluggable Authentication Module allowing LDAP interfaces" msgstr "" "$ aptitude search '~n(pam|nss).*ldap'\n" "p libnss-ldap - NSS module for using LDAP as a naming service\n" "p libpam-ldap - Pluggable Authentication Module allowing LDAP interfaces" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7108 msgid "This is quite handy for you to find the exact name of a package." msgstr "これはパッケージの正確な名前を探すときに非常に便利です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7111 msgid "Browsing with the regex matching" msgstr "regexマッチをしての閲覧" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7112 msgid "The regex \"<literal>~dipv6</literal>\" in the \"New Flat Package List\" view with \"<literal>l</literal>\" prompt, limits view to packages with the matching description and let you browse their information interactively." msgstr "\"平坦なパッケージリスト\"のビューで\"<literal>l</literal>\"のプロンプトにregex\"<literal>~dipv6</literal>\"を入れるとその意味にマッチするパッケージにビューが制限され、その情報をインタラクティブに閲覧できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7115 msgid "Purging removed packages for good" msgstr "パッケージの完全削除" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7116 msgid "You can purge all remaining configuration files of removed packages." msgstr "削除したパッケージが残した全ての設定ファイルを次のようにして完全削除できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7117 msgid "Check results of the following command." msgstr "次のコマンドの結果をチェックします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7118 #, no-wrap msgid "# aptitude search '~c'" msgstr "# aptitude search '~c'" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7119 msgid "If you think listed packages are OK to be purged, execute the following command." msgstr "もしリストされたパッケージが完全削除されても問題ないなら、次のコマンドを実行します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7120 #, no-wrap msgid "# aptitude purge '~c'" msgstr "# aptitude purge '~c'" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7121 msgid "You may want to do the similar in the interactive mode for fine grained control." msgstr "同様のことをインタラクティブにすればよりきめの細かい結果が得られます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7122 msgid "You provide the regex \"<literal>~c</literal>\" in the \"New Flat Package List\" view with \"<literal>l</literal>\" prompt. This limits the package view only to regex matched packages, i.e., \"removed but not purged\". All these regex matched packages can be shown by pressing \"<literal>[</literal>\" at top level headings." msgstr "\"平坦なパッケージリスト\"のビューで\"<literal>l</literal>\"のプロンプトにregex\"<literal>~c</literal>\"を入れるとregexにマッチする\"削除されたが完全さ駆除されていない\"パッケージにビューが制限されます。トップレベルの見出しの上で\"<literal>[</literal>\"を押すとregexにマッチする全てのパッケージが表示されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7123 msgid "Then you press \"<literal>_</literal>\" at top level headings such as \"Installed Packages\". Only regex matched packages under the heading are marked to be purged by this. You can exclude some packages to be purged by pressing \"<literal>=</literal>\" interactively for each of them." msgstr "次に\"インストール済みのパッケージ\"等のトップレベルの見出しの上で\"<literal>_</literal>\"を押します。その見出しの下のregexにマッチするパッケージだけが完全削除と設定されます。インタラクティブに個々のパッケージの上で\"<literal>=</literal>\"を押せばそれらのパッケージを完全削除対象から外せます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7124 msgid "This technique is quite handy and works for many other command keys." msgstr "このテクニックは非常に便利で、他の多くのコマンドキーでも使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7127 msgid "Tidying auto/manual install status" msgstr "自動/手動インストール状態の整理" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7128 msgid "Here is how I tidy auto/manual install status for packages (after using non-aptitude package installer etc.)." msgstr "(非aptitudeのパッケージインストーラー等を使った後で)パッケージの自動/手動インストールの状態を整理する私の方法を次に記します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7132 msgid "Start <literal>aptitude</literal> in interactive mode as root." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>をrootとしてインタラクティブに起動します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7137 msgid "Type \"<literal>u</literal>\", \"<literal>U</literal>\", \"<literal>f</literal>\" and \"<literal>g</literal>\" to update and upgrade package list and packages." msgstr "\"<literal>u</literal>\"と\"<literal>U</literal>\"と\"<literal>f</literal>\"と\"<literal>g</literal>\"とタイプしてパッケージリストを更新しパッケージをアップグレードします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7142 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~i(~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i)</literal>\" and type \"<literal>M</literal>\" over \"<literal>Installed Packages</literal>\" as auto installed." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を\"<literal>~i(~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i)</literal>\"と入力するために\"<literal>l</literal>\"とタイプし、自動インストールとなるよう\"<literal>M</literal>\"と\"インストール済みのパッケージ\"の上でタイプします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7147 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~prequired|~pimportant|~pstandard|~E</literal>\" and type \"<literal>m</literal>\" over \"<literal>Installed Packages</literal>\" as manual installed." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を\"<literal>~prequired|~pimportant|~pstandard|~E</literal>\"と入力するために\"<literal>l</literal>\"とタイプし、手動インストールとなるよう\"<literal>m</literal>\"と\"インストール済みのパッケージ\"の上でタイプします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7152 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~i!~M</literal>\" and remove unused package by typing \"<literal>-</literal>\" over each of them after exposing them by typing \"<literal>[</literal>\" over \"<literal>Installed Packages</literal>\"." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を\"<literal>~i!~M</literal>\"と入力するために\"<literal>l</literal>\"とタイプし、\"インストール済みのパッケージ\"の上で\"<literal>[</literal>\"とタイプしてパッケージを見えるようにした後で個々のパッケージの上で\"<literal>-</literal>\"とタイプして使っていないパッケージを削除します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7157 msgid "Type \"<literal>l</literal>\" to enter the package display limit as \"<literal>~i</literal>\" and type \"<literal>m</literal>\" over \"<literal>Tasks</literal>\" as manual installed." msgstr "パッケージ表示制限を\"<literal>~i(~R~i|~Rrecommends:~i)</literal>\"と入力するように\"<literal>l</literal>\"とタイプし、\"インストール済みのパッケージ\"の上で自動インストールとなるよう\"<literal>M</literal>\"とタイプします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7162 msgid "Exit <literal>aptitude</literal>." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>を終了します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7167 msgid "Start \"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\" as root to check what are not used." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\"とrootから起動して何が使われていないのか確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7172 msgid "Restart <literal>aptitude</literal> in interactive mode and mark needed packages as \"<literal>m</literal>\"." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>とインタラクティブモードで再起動して必要なパッケージを\"<literal>m</literal>\"でマークします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7177 msgid "Restart \"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\" as root to recheck REMOVED contain only expected packages." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get -s autoremove|less</literal>\"とrootから再起動して削除対象が期待にかなっていることを再確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7182 msgid "Start \"<literal>apt-get autoremove|less</literal>\" as root to autoremove unused packages." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get autoremove|less</literal>\"とrootから起動して使用していないパッケージを自動削除します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7186 msgid "The \"<literal>m</literal>\" action over \"<literal>Tasks</literal>\" is an optional one to prevent mass package removal situation in future." msgstr "\"<literal>Tasks</literal>\"の上で\"<literal>m</literal>\"を押すのも一案で、大量ファイル除去となる事態が回避できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7189 msgid "System wide upgrade with aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeを使ったシステム全体のアップグレード" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7191 msgid "When moving to a new release etc, you should consider to perform a clean installation of new system even though Debian is upgradable as described below. This provides you a chance to remove garbages collected and exposes you to the best combination of latest packages. Of course, you should make a full backup of system to a safe place (see <xref linkend=\"_backup_and_recovery\"/>) before doing this. I recommend to make a dual boot configuration using different partition to have the smoothest transition." msgstr "新規リリース等への移行は、Debianでは下記のようにアップグレードできるのですが、新たなシステムをクリーンインストールすることを考えるべきです。こうすると溜めてきたゴミの除去ができる上に最新のパッケージの最良の組み合わせも分かります。もちろん安全な場所に完全なシステムのバックアップ(<xref linkend=\"_backup_and_recovery\"/>参照)を事前にしなくてはいけません。異なったパーティションを使ったデュアルブート設定をすることをスムーズな移行をするためにお薦めします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7193 msgid "You can perform system wide upgrade to a newer release by changing contents of the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" file pointing to a new release and running the \"<literal>aptitude update; aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\" command." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"ファイルの内容を新規リリースへと向けるように変更し、\"<literal>aptitude update; aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\"コマンドを実行することでシステム全体のアップグレードができます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7194 msgid "To upgrade from <literal>stable</literal> to <literal>testing</literal> or <literal>unstable</literal>, you replace \"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\" in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" example of <xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/> with \"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>\" or \"<literal>sid</literal>\"." msgstr "安定版<literal>stable</literal>からテスト版<literal>testing</literal>や不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>にアップグレードするには、<xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>にある\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"例の\"<literal>&codename-stable;</literal>\"を\"<literal>&codename-testing;</literal>\"か\"<literal>sid</literal>\"に置き換えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7195 msgid "In reality, you may face some complications due to some package transition issues, mostly due to package dependencies. The larger the difference of the upgrade, the more likely you face larger troubles. For the transition from the old <literal>stable</literal> to the new <literal>stable</literal> after its release, you can read its new <ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">Release Notes</ulink> and follow the exact procedure described in it to minimize troubles." msgstr "一部のパッケージで移行に関して支障をきたすことが実際には起こるかもしれません。これは大体パッケージ依存関係に起因します。アップグレードする差が大きければ大きいほど比較的大きな問題似合う可能性がより大きくなります。以前の安定版<literal>stable</literal>からリリース後の新規安定版<literal>stable</literal>への移行では新規<ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">リリースノート</ulink>を読んでそこに記載された手続き通りに完全にすれば問題発生を防げます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7196 msgid "When you decide to move from <literal>stable</literal> to <literal>testing</literal> before its formal release, there are no <ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">Release Notes</ulink> to help you. The difference between <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> could have grown quite large after the previous <literal>stable</literal> release and makes upgrade situation complicated." msgstr "安定版<literal>stable</literal>からテスト版<literal>testing</literal>へ移行すると決めた時には頼りにする<ulink url=\"&releasenotes;\">リリースノート</ulink>はありません。前回の安定版<literal>stable</literal>のリリースの後で安定版<literal>stable</literal>とテスト版<literal>testing</literal>の差がかなり大きくなっているかもしれません。そうだとアップグレードをする状況は複雑になっています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7197 msgid "You should make precautionary moves for the full upgrade while gathering latest information from mailing list and using common senses." msgstr "メーリングリストから最新情報を収集するとか常識を使うといった予防措置をしながらフルアップグレードをするべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7201 msgid "Read previous \"Release Notes\"." msgstr "前回の\"リリースノート\"を読みます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7206 msgid "Backup entire system (especially data and configuration information)." msgstr "全システム(特にデーターや設定情報)をバックアップします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7211 msgid "Have bootable media handy for broken bootloader." msgstr "ブートローダーが壊れたときのためにブートできるメディアを確保します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7216 msgid "Inform users on the system well in advance." msgstr "システムを使っているユーザーに十分事前に通告します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7221 msgid "Record upgrade activity with <literal>script</literal>(1)." msgstr "<literal>script</literal>(1)を使ってアップグレード活動を記録します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7226 msgid "Apply \"unmarkauto\" to required packages, e.g., \"<literal>aptitude unmarkauto vim</literal>\", to prevent removal." msgstr "削除をされないように\"<literal>aptitude unmarkauto vim</literal>\"等として、\"unmarkauto\"を重要なパッケージに適用します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7231 msgid "Minimize installed packages to reduce chance of package conflicts, e.g., remove desktop task packages." msgstr "デスクトップタスクにあるパッケージ等を削除して、インストールされたパッケージを減らしてパッケージがコンフリクトする可能性を減らします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7236 msgid "Remove the \"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\" file (disable apt-pinning)." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/preferences</literal>\"ファイルを削除します(apt-pinningを無効化)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7241 msgid "Try to upgrade step wise: <literal>oldstable</literal> → <literal>stable</literal> → <literal>testing</literal> → <literal>unstable</literal>." msgstr "段階的にアップグレードしましょう: 旧安定版<literal>oldstable</literal> → 安定版<literal>stable</literal> → テスト版<literal>testing</literal> → 不安定版<literal>unstable</literal>。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7246 msgid "Update the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" file to point to new archive only and run \"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"ファイルを更新して新アーカイブ対象に\"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\"を実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7251 msgid "Install, optionally, new <emphasis role=\"strong\">core packages</emphasis> first, e.g., \"<literal>aptitude install perl</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude install perl</literal>\"等として、先に新規の<emphasis role=\"strong\">中核的パッケージ</emphasis>を必要に応じてインストールします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7256 msgid "Run the \"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade -s</literal>\" command to assess impact." msgstr "\"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade -s</literal>\"コマンドを実行して影響を確認します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7261 msgid "Run the \"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\" command at last." msgstr "最後に\"<literal>aptitude full-upgrade</literal>\"コマンドを実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7266 msgid "It is not wise to skip major Debian release when upgrading between <literal>stable</literal> releases." msgstr "<literal>stable</literal>リリース間でアップグレードする際にDebianのメジャーリリースを飛ばすのは賢明ではありません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7269 msgid "In previous \"Release Notes\", GCC, Linux Kernel, initrd-tools, Glibc, Perl, APT tool chain, etc. have required some special attention for system wide upgrade." msgstr "過去の\"リリースノート\"ではシステム全体のアップグレードをするのにGCCやLinuxカーネルやinitrd-toolsやGlibcやPerlやAPT tool chain等には特別な配慮が必要でした。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7271 msgid "For daily upgrade in <literal>unstable</literal>, see <xref linkend=\"_safeguarding_for_package_problems\"/>." msgstr "<literal>unstable</literal>での毎日のアップグレードは<xref linkend=\"_safeguarding_for_package_problems\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7275 msgid "Advanced package management operations" msgstr "高度なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7277 msgid "Advanced package management operations with commandline" msgstr "コマンドラインによる高度なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7278 msgid "Here are list of other package management operations for which <literal>aptitude</literal> is too high-level or lacks required functionalities." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>ではハイレベル過ぎるとか必要な機能を欠くという他のパッケージ管理操作のリストです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7280 msgid "List of advanced package management operations" msgstr "高度なパッケージ管理操作" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7297 msgid "<literal>COLUMNS=120 dpkg -l <package_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>COLUMNS=120 dpkg -l <パッケージ名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7300 msgid "list status of an installed package for the bug report" msgstr "バグレポートのためのにインストールされたパッケージの状態をリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7305 msgid "<literal>dpkg -L <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -L <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7308 msgid "list contents of an installed package" msgstr "インストールされたパッケージの内容をリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7313 msgid "<literal>dpkg -L <package_name> | egrep '/usr/share/man/man.*/.+'</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -L <パッケージ名> | egrep '/usr/share/man/man.*/.+'</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7316 msgid "list manpages for an installed package" msgstr "インストールされたパッケージのマンページをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7321 msgid "<literal>dpkg -S <file_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -S <ファイル名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7324 msgid "list installed packages which have matching file name" msgstr "マッチするファイル名があるインストールされたパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7329 msgid "<literal>apt-file search <file_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-file search <ファイル名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7332 msgid "list packages in archive which have matching file name" msgstr "マッチするファイル名があるアーカイブ中のパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7337 msgid "<literal>apt-file list <package_name_pattern></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-file list <パッケージ名パターン></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7340 msgid "list contents of matching packages in archive" msgstr "アーカイブ中のマッチするパッケージをリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7345 msgid "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7348 msgid "reconfigure the exact package" msgstr "特定パッケージを再設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7353 msgid "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure -p=low <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure -p=low <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7356 msgid "reconfigure the exact package with the most detailed question" msgstr "もっとも詳細な質問で特定パッケージを再設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7361 msgid "<literal>configure-debian</literal>" msgstr "<literal>configure-debian</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7364 msgid "reconfigure packages from the full screen menu" msgstr "フルスクリーンメニューからパッケージを再設定" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7369 msgid "<literal>dpkg --audit</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --audit</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7372 msgid "audit system for partially installed packages" msgstr "部分的にインストールされたパッケージに関してシステムを監査" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7377 msgid "<literal>dpkg --configure -a</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --configure -a</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7380 msgid "configure all partially installed packages" msgstr "全ての部分的にインストールされたパッケージを設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7385 msgid "<literal>apt-cache policy <binary_package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache policy <バイナリーパッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7388 msgid "show available version, priority, and archive information of a binary package" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージに関して使用可能なバージョンやプライオリティーやアーカイブ情報を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7393 msgid "<literal>apt-cache madison <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache madison <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7396 msgid "show available version, archive information of a package" msgstr "パッケージに関して使用可能なバージョンやアーカイブ情報を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7401 msgid "<literal>apt-cache showsrc <binary_package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-cache showsrc <バイナリーパッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7404 msgid "show source package information of a binary package" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージに関してソースパッケージの情報を表示" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7409 msgid "<literal>apt-get build-dep <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get build-dep <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7412 msgid "install required packages to build package" msgstr "パッケージをビルドするのに必要なパッケージをインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7417 msgid "<literal>apt-get source <package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>apt-get source <パッケージ名></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7420 msgid "download a source (from standard archive)" msgstr "(標準アーカイブから)ソースをダウンロード" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7425 msgid "<literal>dget <URL for dsc file></literal>" msgstr "<literal>dget <dscファイルのURL></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7428 msgid "download a source packages (from other archive)" msgstr "(他のアーカイブから)ソースをダウンロード" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7433 msgid "<literal>dpkg-source -x <package_name>_<version>-<debian_version>.dsc</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg-source -x <パッケージ名>_<バージョン>-<debianバージョン>.dsc</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7436 msgid "build a source tree from a set of source packages (\"<literal>*.orig.tar.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>*.debian.tar.gz</literal>\"/\"<literal>*.diff.gz</literal>\")" msgstr "ソースパッケージの組(\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\"と\"<literal>*.debian.tar.gz</literal>\"/\"<literal>*.diff.gz</literal>\")からソースツリーをビルド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7441 msgid "<literal>debuild binary</literal>" msgstr "<literal>debuild binary</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7444 msgid "build package(s) from a local source tree" msgstr "ローカルのソースツリーからパッケージをビルド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7449 msgid "<literal>make-kpkg kernel_image</literal>" msgstr "<literal>make-kpkg kernel_image</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7452 msgid "build a kernel package from a kernel source tree" msgstr "カーネルソースツリーからカーネルパッケージをビルド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7457 msgid "<literal>make-kpkg --initrd kernel_image</literal>" msgstr "<literal>make-kpkg --initrd kernel_image</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7460 msgid "build a kernel package from a kernel source tree with initramfs enabled" msgstr "カーネルソースツリーからinitramfsを有効にしてカーネルパッケージをビルド" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7465 msgid "<literal>dpkg -i <package_name><emphasis><version>-<debian_version></emphasis><arch>.deb</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg -i <パッケージ名>_<バージョン>-<debianバージョン>_<アーキテクチャー名>.deb</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7468 msgid "install a local package to the system" msgstr "ローカルパッケージをシステムにインストール" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7473 msgid "<literal>debi <package_name><emphasis><version>-<debian_version></emphasis><arch>.dsc</literal>" msgstr "<literal>debi <パッケージ名>_<バージョン>-<debianバージョン>_<アーキテクチャー名>.dsc</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7476 msgid "install local package(s) to the system" msgstr "ローカルパッケージ(複数)をシステムにインストール" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7481 msgid "<literal>dpkg --get-selection '*' >selection.txt</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --get-selection '*' >selection.txt</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7484 msgid "save <literal>dpkg</literal> level package selection state information" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>レベルのパッケージ選択状態情報を保存" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7489 msgid "<literal>dpkg --set-selection <selection.txt</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg --set-selection <selection.txt</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7492 msgid "set <literal>dpkg</literal> level package selection state information" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>レベルのパッケージ選択状態情報を設定" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7499 msgid "Lower level package tools such as \"<literal>dpkg -i …</literal>\" and \"<literal>debi …</literal>\" should be carefully used by the system administrator. It does not automatically take care required package dependencies. Dpkg's commandline options \"<literal>--force-all</literal>\" and similar (see <literal>dpkg</literal>(1)) are intended to be used by experts only. Using them without fully understanding their effects may break your whole system." msgstr "\"<literal>dpkg -i …</literal>\"や\"<literal>debi …</literal>\"といった低いレベルのパッケージツールはシステム管理者によって注意深く使われなければいけません。必要なパッケージ依存関係を自動的に面倒見てくれません。Dpkgの\"<literal>--force-all</literal>\"や類似のコマンドラインオプション(<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)参照)はエキスパートだけが使うようにできています。十分にその影響を理解せずに使うとシステム全体を壊してしまうかもしれません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7501 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18267 msgid "Please note the following." msgstr "以下に注意下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7505 msgid "All system configuration and installation commands require to be run from root." msgstr "全てのシステム設定やインストールコマンドはrootから実行なければいけません。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7510 msgid "Unlike <literal>aptitude</literal> which uses regex (see <xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>), other package management commands use pattern like shell glob (see <xref linkend=\"_shell_glob\"/>)." msgstr "regex(<xref linkend=\"_regular_expressions\"/>参照)を使う<literal>aptitude</literal>と異なり、他のパッケージ管理コマンドはシェルグロブ(<xref linkend=\"_shell_glob\"/>参照)のようなパターンを使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7514 msgid "<literal>apt-file</literal>(1) provided by the <literal>apt-file</literal> package must run \"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\" in advance." msgstr "<literal>apt-file</literal>パッケージに入っている<literal>apt-file</literal>(1)は事前に\"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\"を実行する必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7518 msgid "<literal>configure-debian</literal>(8) provided by the <literal>configure-debian</literal> package runs <literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8) as its backend." msgstr "<literal>configure-debian</literal>パッケージに入っている<literal>configure-debian</literal>(8)はそのバックエンドとして<literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8)を実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7522 msgid "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8) runs package scripts using <literal>debconf</literal>(1) as its backend." msgstr "<literal>dpkg-reconfigure</literal>(8)はそのバックエンドとして<literal>debconf</literal>(1)を利用するパッケージスクリプトを実行します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7527 msgid "\"<literal>apt-get build-dep</literal>\", \"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\" and \"<literal>apt-cache showsrc</literal>\" commands require \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" entry in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get build-dep</literal>\"や\"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\"や\"<literal>apt-cache showsrc</literal>\"コマンドは\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"の中に\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"エントリーが必要です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7531 msgid "<literal>dget</literal>(1), <literal>debuild</literal>(1), and <literal>debi</literal>(1) require <literal>devscripts</literal> package." msgstr "<literal>dget</literal>(1)や<literal>debuild</literal>(1)や<literal>debi</literal>(1)は<literal>devscripts</literal>パッケージが必要です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7536 msgid "See (re)packaging procedure using \"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\" in <xref linkend=\"_porting_a_package_to_the_stable_system\"/>." msgstr "\"<literal>apt-get source</literal>\"を使った(再)パッケージ化の手続きは<xref linkend=\"_porting_a_package_to_the_stable_system\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7540 msgid "<literal>make-kpkg</literal> command requires the <literal>kernel-package</literal> package (see <xref linkend=\"_the_kernel\"/>)." msgstr "<literal>make-kpkg</literal>コマンドは<literal>kernel-package</literal>パッケージが必要です(<xref linkend=\"_the_kernel\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7545 msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_making_debian_package\"/> for general packaging." msgstr "一般的なパッケージ化に関しては<xref linkend=\"_making_debian_package\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7551 msgid "Verification of installed package files" msgstr "インストールされたパッケージファイルの検証" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7552 msgid "The installation of <literal>debsums</literal> enables verification of installed package files against MD5sum values in the \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/*.md5sums</literal>\" file with <literal>debsums</literal>(1). See <xref linkend=\"_the_md5_sum\"/> for how MD5sum works." msgstr "<literal>debsums</literal>をインストールすると<literal>debsums</literal>(1)を使って\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/*.md5sums</literal>\"ファイル中のMD5sum値との比較でインストールされたパッケージファイルを検証できます。MD5sumがどのような仕組かは<xref linkend=\"_the_md5_sum\"/>参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7554 msgid "Because MD5sum database may be tampered by the intruder, <literal>debsums</literal>(1) is of limited use as a security tool. It is only good for checking local modifications by the administrator or damage due to media errors." msgstr "侵入者によってMD5sumのデーターベースが改竄されているかもしれないので<literal>debsums</literal>(1)はセキュリティーツールとしては限定的有用性しかありません。管理者によるローカルの変更や記憶メディアのエラーによる損傷を点検するぐらいには有用です。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7558 msgid "Safeguarding for package problems" msgstr "パッケージ問題からの防御" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7559 msgid "Many users prefer to follow the <emphasis role=\"strong\">unstable</emphasis> release of the Debian system for its new features and packages. This makes the system more prone to be hit by the critical package bugs." msgstr "多くのユーザーは新規機能やパッケージを求めてDebianシステムの非安定版<emphasis role=\"strong\">unstable</emphasis>リリースを追いかけることを好みます。こういうことをするとクリティカルなパッケージのバグにシステムが遭遇しやすくなります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7560 msgid "The installation of the <literal>apt-listbugs</literal> package safeguards your system against critical bugs by checking Debian BTS automatically for critical bugs when upgrading with APT system." msgstr "<literal>apt-listbugs</literal>パッケージをインストールすれば、APTシステムを使ってアップグレードする時にDebianのBTSを自動的にクリティカルなバグに関して点検することで、クリティカルなバグからあなたのシステムを防御できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7561 msgid "The installation of the <literal>apt-listchanges</literal> package provides important news in \"<literal>NEWS.Debian</literal>\" when upgrading with APT system." msgstr "<literal>apt-listchanges</literal>パッケージをインストールすれば、APTシステムを使ってアップグレードする時に<literal>NEWS.Debian</literal>中の重要ニュースを表示します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7564 msgid "Searching on the package meta data" msgstr "パッケージメタデーターの検索" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7565 msgid "Although visiting Debian site <ulink url=\"&httppackagesdebianorg;\">http://packages.debian.org/</ulink> facilitates easy ways to search on the package meta data these days, let's look into more traditional ways." msgstr "最近はDebianサイトの<ulink url=\"&httppackagesdebianorg;\">http://packages.debian.org/</ulink>を訪問するとパッケージメタデーターの検索を簡単に出きるようになっていますが、より伝統的な方法を見てみます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7566 msgid "The <literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1), <literal>grep-status</literal>(1), and <literal>grep-available</literal>(1) commands can be used to search any file which has the general format of a Debian package control file." msgstr "<literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1)や<literal>grep-status</literal>(1)や<literal>grep-available</literal>(1)コマンドはDebianのパッケージコントロールファイルの一般的フォーマットに従ういかなるファイルを検索するのにも使えます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7567 msgid "The \"<literal>dpkg -S <file_name_pattern></literal>\" can be used search package names which contain files with the matching name installed by <literal>dpkg</literal>. But this overlooks files created by the maintainer scripts." msgstr "マッチする名前のファイルを含む<literal>dpkg</literal>でインストールされたパッケージ名を探索するのに\"<literal>dpkg -S <ファイル名パターン></literal>\"が使えます。しかしメンテナスクリプトで生成されるファイルはこれでは見逃されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7568 msgid "If you need to make more elaborate search on the dpkg meta data, you need to run \"<literal>grep -e regex_pattern *</literal>\" command in the \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/</literal>\" directory. This makes you search words mentioned in package scripts and installation query texts." msgstr "dpkgのメタデーターに関してより詳細な検索をする必要がある場合、\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/</literal>\"ディレクトリーで\"<literal>grep -e regexパターン *</literal>\"コマンドを実行しないといけません。こうすることでパッケージスクリプトやインストール時の質問テキスト中の言葉まで検索できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7569 msgid "If you wish to look up package dependency recursively, you should use <literal>apt-rdepends</literal>(8)." msgstr "パッケージ依存関係を再帰的に検索したい際には、<literal>apt-rdepends</literal>(8)を使います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7573 msgid "Debian package management internals" msgstr "Debianパッケージ管理の内部" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7574 msgid "Let's learn how the Debian package management system works internally. This should help you to create your own solution to some package problems." msgstr "Debianのパッケージ管理システムが内部的のどのように機能するのかを学びます。何らかのパッケージ問題が発生した際にあなた自身の解決を見出すのに役立つでしょう。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7576 msgid "Archive meta data" msgstr "アーカイブのメタデーター" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7577 msgid "Meta data files for each distribution are stored under \"<literal>dist/<codename></literal>\" on each Debian mirror sites, e.g., \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</literal>\". Its archive structure can be browsed by the web browser. There are 6 types of key meta data." msgstr "各ディストリビューションのメタデーターのファイルは例えば\"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</literal>\"のような各Debianミラーサイトの\"<literal>dist/<コード名></literal>\"の下に保存されています。そのアーカイブ構造はウェッブブラウザーで閲覧できます。6つのタイプの重要メタデーターがあります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7579 msgid "The content of the Debian archive meta data" msgstr "Debianアーカイブのメタデーターの内容" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7590 msgid "location" msgstr "場所" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7600 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7633 msgid "<literal>Release</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Release</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7603 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7614 #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7625 msgid "top of distribution" msgstr "ディストリビューションのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7606 msgid "archive description and integrity information" msgstr "アーカイブの説明との整合性情報" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7611 msgid "<literal>Release.gpg</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Release.gpg</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7617 msgid "signature file for the \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file signed with the archive key" msgstr "アーカイブキーで署名された\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルに関する署名ファイル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7622 msgid "<literal>Contents-<architecture></literal>" msgstr "<literal>Contents-<アーキテクチャー></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7628 msgid "list of all files for all the packages in the pertinent archive" msgstr "該当アーカイブ中全てのパッケージに関する全ファイルリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7636 msgid "top of each distribution/component/architecture combination" msgstr "各ディストリビューション/コンポーネント/アーキテクチャーの組み合わせのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7639 msgid "archive description used for the rule of <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)" msgstr "<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)のルールに利用されるアーカイブの記述。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7644 msgid "<literal>Packages</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Packages</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7647 msgid "top of each distribution/component/binary-architecture combination" msgstr "各ディストリビューション/コンポーネント/バイナリーアーキテクチャーの組み合わせのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7650 msgid "concatenated <literal>debian/control</literal> for binary packages" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージに関して<literal>debian/control</literal>を連結" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7655 msgid "<literal>Sources</literal>" msgstr "<literal>Sources</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7658 msgid "top of each distribution/component/source combination" msgstr "各ディストリビューション/コンポーネント/ソースの組み合わせのトップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7661 msgid "concatenated <literal>debian/control</literal> for source packages" msgstr "ソースパッケージに関して<literal>debian/control</literal>を連結" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7667 msgid "In the recent archive, these meta data are stored as the compressed and differential files to reduce network traffic." msgstr "最近のアーカイブではネットワークトラフィックを減らすべく圧縮された差分ファイルとしてこれらのメタデーターは保存されています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7670 msgid "Top level \"Release\" file and authenticity" msgstr "トップレベルの\"Release\"ファイルと信憑性" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7672 msgid "The top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file is used for signing the archive under the <emphasis role=\"strong\">secure APT</emphasis> system." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セキュアーAPT</emphasis>システムではトップレベルの\"Release\"ファイルがアーカイブを署名するのに使われています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7674 msgid "Each suite of the Debian archive has a top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file, e.g., \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/Release</literal>\", as follows." msgstr "Debianアーカイブの各スイーツには例えば次に示すような\"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/Release</literal>\"のようなトップレベルの\"Release\"ファイルがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7675 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Suite: unstable\n" "Codename: sid\n" "Date: Sat, 26 Jan 2008 20:13:58 UTC\n" "Architectures: alpha amd64 arm hppa hurd-i386 i386 ia64 m68k mips mipsel powerpc s390 sparc\n" "Components: main contrib non-free\n" "Description: Debian x.y Unstable - Not Released\n" "MD5Sum:\n" " e9f11bc50b12af7927d6583de0a3bd06 22788722 main/binary-alpha/Packages\n" " 43524d07f7fa21b10f472c426db66168 6561398 main/binary-alpha/Packages.gz\n" "..." msgstr "" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Suite: unstable\n" "Codename: sid\n" "Date: Sat, 26 Jan 2008 20:13:58 UTC\n" "Architectures: alpha amd64 arm hppa hurd-i386 i386 ia64 m68k mips mipsel powerpc s390 sparc\n" "Components: main contrib non-free\n" "Description: Debian x.y Unstable - Not Released\n" "MD5Sum:\n" " e9f11bc50b12af7927d6583de0a3bd06 22788722 main/binary-alpha/Packages\n" " 43524d07f7fa21b10f472c426db66168 6561398 main/binary-alpha/Packages.gz\n" "..." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7688 msgid "Here, you can find my rationale to use the \"suite\", \"codeneme\", and \"components\" in <xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>. The \"distribution\" is used when referring to both \"suite\" and \"codeneme\"." msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>の中で\"スイーツ(suite)\"や\"コード名(codename)\"や\"コンポーネント(component)\"を使う理由はこれを見れば分かるでしょう。\"ディストリビューション\"は\"スイーツ\"と\"コード名\"との両方を指したい際に用いられます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7690 msgid "The integrity of the top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file is verified by cryptographic infrastructure called the <ulink url=\"&secureapt;\">secure apt</ulink>." msgstr "トップレベルの\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルの整合性は <ulink url=\"&secureapt;\">セキュアーapt</ulink>という暗号学手法インフラストラクチャーによって検証されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7694 msgid "The cryptographic signature file \"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\" is created from the authentic top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file and the secret Debian archive key." msgstr "暗号手法による署名ファイル\"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\"は真正のトップレベルの\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルと秘密のDebianアーカイブキーから作成されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7699 msgid "The public Debian archive key can be seeded into \"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\";" msgstr "公開のDebianアーカイブキーは\"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\"に取り込むには次のようにします。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7704 msgid "automatically by installing the keyring with the latest <literal>base-files</literal> package, or" msgstr "最新の<literal>base-files</literal>パッケージを用いてキーリングをインストールすることで自動で取り込む。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7709 msgid "manually by <literal>gpg</literal> or <literal>apt-key</literal> tool with <ulink url=\"&thelatestpublicapmasterdebianorg;\">the latest public archive key posted on the ftp-master.debian.org</ulink> ." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thelatestpublicapmasterdebianorg;\">ftp-master.debian.orgに掲示された最新の公開アーカイブキー</ulink>を<literal>gpg</literal>か<literal>apt-key</literal>ツールを用いて手動で取り込む。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7716 msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">secure APT</emphasis> system verifies the integrity of the downloaded top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file cryptographically by this \"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\" file and the public Debian archive key in \"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\"." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">セキュアーAPT</emphasis>システムはこの\"<literal>Release.gpg</literal>\"ファイルと\"<literal>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</literal>\"中の公開アーカイブキーを用いてダウンロードされたトップレベルの\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルの整合性を暗号学手法を用いて検証します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7720 msgid "The integrity of all the \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" files are verified by using MD5sum values in its top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file. The integrity of all package files are verified by using MD5sum values in the \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" files. See <literal>debsums</literal>(1) and <xref linkend=\"_verification_of_installed_package_files\"/>." msgstr "\"全ての<literal>Packages</literal>\"と\"<literal>Sources</literal>ファイルの整合性はそのトップレベルの\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイル中のMD5sum値を用いて検証します。\"パッケージファイルの整合性は\"<literal>Packages</literal>\"や\"<literal>Sources</literal>\"ファイル中のMD5sum値を用いて検証します。<literal>debsums</literal>(1)と<xref linkend=\"_verification_of_installed_package_files\"/>を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7721 msgid "Since the cryptographic signature verification is very CPU intensive process than the MD5sum value calculation, use of MD5sum value for each package while using cryptographic signature for the top level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" file provides <ulink url=\"&thegoodsecuritywththeperformance;\">the good security with the performance</ulink> (see <xref linkend=\"_data_security_infrastructure\"/>)." msgstr "暗号学手法を用いた署名の検証はMD5sum値の計算よりも非常にCPUを使うプロセスなので、トップレベルの\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルには暗号学手法を用いた署名を使いつつ各パッケージにはMD5sum値を用いることで<ulink url=\"&thegoodsecuritywththeperformance;\">パーフォーマンスを保ったまま良好なセキュリティー</ulink>が確保できます(<xref linkend=\"_data_security_infrastructure\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7724 msgid "Archive level \"Release\" files" msgstr "アーカイブレベルの\"Release\"ファイル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7726 msgid "The archive level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" files are used for the rule of <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)." msgstr "アーカイブレベルの\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルが<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)のルールに使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7728 msgid "There are archive level \"<literal>Release</literal>\" files for all archive locations specified by \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\", such as \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" or \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/sid/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" as follows." msgstr "\"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\"や\"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/sid/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\"等の\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"中の\"<literal>deb</literal>\"行で特定される全てのアーカイブロケーションにはアーカイブレベルの次に示すような\"<literal>Release</literal>\"ファイルがあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7729 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Archive: unstable\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Architecture: amd64" msgstr "" "Archive: unstable\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "Architecture: amd64" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7735 msgid "For \"<literal>Archive:</literal>\" stanza, suite names (\"<literal>stable</literal>\", \"<literal>testing</literal>\", \"<literal>unstable</literal>\", …) are used in <ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">the Debian archive</ulink> while codenames (\"<literal>dapper</literal>\", \"<literal>feisty</literal>\", \"<literal>gutsy</literal>\", \"<literal>hardy</literal>\", \"<literal>intrepid</literal>\", …) are used in <ulink url=\"&theubuntuarchive;\">the Ubuntu archive</ulink>." msgstr "\"<literal>Archive:</literal>\"スタンザには、<ulink url=\"&thedebianarchive;\">Debianアーカイブ</ulink>ではスイート名(\"<literal>stable</literal>\"や\"<literal>testing</literal>\"や\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"等)が使われますが、<ulink url=\"&theubuntuarchive;\">Ubuntuアーカイブ</ulink>ではコード名(\"<literal>dapper</literal>\"や\"<literal>feisty</literal>\"や\"<literal>gutsy</literal>\"や\"<literal>hardy</literal>\"や\"<literal>intrepid</literal>\"等)が使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7737 msgid "For some archives, such as <literal>experimental</literal>, <literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>, and <literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>, which contain packages which should not be installed automatically, there is an extra line, e.g., \"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/experimental/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\" as follows." msgstr "<literal>experimental</literal>や<literal>volatile-sloppy</literal>や<literal>&codename-stable;-backports</literal>のような自動的にインストールされるべきでないパッケージを含むような一部アーカイブでは次に示す\"<literal>http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/experimental/main/binary-amd64/Release</literal>\"のような追加の行があります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7738 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Archive: experimental\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "NotAutomatic: yes\n" "Architecture: amd64" msgstr "" "Archive: experimental\n" "Component: main\n" "Origin: Debian\n" "Label: Debian\n" "NotAutomatic: yes\n" "Architecture: amd64" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7744 msgid "Please note that for normal archives without \"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\", the default Pin-Priority value is 500, while for special archives with \"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\", the default Pin-Priority value is 1 (see <literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5) and <xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>)." msgstr "\"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\"となっていない通常のアーカイブではデフォールトのPin-Priority値は500ですが、\"<literal>NotAutomatic: yes</literal>\"となっている特別なアーカイブではデフォールトのPin-Priority値は1です(<literal>apt_preferences</literal>(5)と<xref linkend=\"_tweaking_candidate_version\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7747 msgid "Fetching of the meta data for the package" msgstr "パッケージメタデーターの取得" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7748 msgid "When APT tools, such as <literal>aptitude</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal>, <literal>synaptic</literal>, <literal>apt-file</literal>, <literal>auto-apt</literal>…, are used, we need to update the local copies of the meta data containing the Debian archive information. These local copies have following file names corresponding to the specified <literal>distribution</literal>, <literal>component</literal>, and <literal>architecture</literal> names in the \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\" (see <xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>)." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>や<literal>apt-get</literal>や<literal>synaptic</literal>や<literal>apt-file</literal>や<literal>auto-apt</literal>等のAPTツールが使われる際にはDebianアーカイブ情報を含むメタデーターのローカルコピーを更新する必要があります。この様なローカルのコピーは\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"中の<literal>ディストリビューション</literal>と<literal>コンポーネント</literal>と<literal>アーキテクチャー</literal>の名前に対応する次のファイル名です(<xref linkend=\"_debian_archive_basics\"/>参照)。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7752 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_Release</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_Release</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7757 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_Release.gpg</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_Release.gpg</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7762 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_<component>_binary-<architecture>_Packages</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_<コンポーネント>_source_Sources</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7767 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_<component>_source_Sources</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_<コンポーネント>_source_Sources</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7772 msgid "\"<literal>/var/cache/apt/apt-file/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<distribution>_Contents-<architecture>.gz</literal>\" (for <literal>apt-file</literal>)" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/cache/apt/apt-file/ftp.us.debian.org_debian_dists_<ディストリビューション>_Contents-<アーキテクチャー>.gz</literal>\" (<literal>apt-file</literal>用)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7776 msgid "First 4 types of files are shared by all the pertinent APT commands and updated from command line by \"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\" and \"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\". The \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" meta data are updated if there is the \"<literal>deb</literal>\" line in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\". The \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" meta data are updated if there is the \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\" line in \"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"." msgstr "最初の4つのタイプのファイルは全ての適切なAPTコマンド間で共有されておりコマンドラインから\"<literal>apt-get update</literal>\"や\"<literal>aptitude update</literal>\"によって更新されます。もし\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"中に\"<literal>deb</literal>\"行があれば\"<literal>Packages</literal>\"メタデーターが更新されます。もし\"<literal>/etc/apt/sources.list</literal>\"中に\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"行があれば\"<literal>Sources</literal>\"メタデーターが更新されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7777 msgid "The \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" meta data contain \"<literal>Filename:</literal>\" stanza pointing to the file location of the binary and source packages. Currently, these packages are located under the \"<literal>pool/</literal>\" directory tree for the improved transition over the releases." msgstr "\"<literal>Packages</literal>\"や\"<literal>Sources</literal>\"メタデーターはバイナリーやソースパッケージのファイルの場所を指している\"<literal>Filename:</literal>\"スタンザを含んでいます。現在、それらのパッケージはリリース間の移行を滞り無くするために\"<literal>pool/</literal>\"ディレクトリーツリーの下に置かれています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7778 msgid "Local copies of \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" meta data can be interactively searched with the help of <literal>aptitude</literal>. The specialized search command <literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) can search local copies of \"<literal>Packages</literal>\" and \"<literal>Sources</literal>\" meta data." msgstr "\"<literal>Packages</literal>\"メタデーターのローカルコピーは<literal>aptitude</literal>を使ってインタラクティブに検索できます。<literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1)という専用の検索コマンドを使うと\"<literal>Packages</literal>\"と\"<literal>Sources</literal>\"メタデーターのローカルコピーを検索できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7779 msgid "Local copy of \"<literal>Contents-<architecture></literal>\" meta data can be updated by \"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\" and its location is different from other 4 ones. See <literal>apt-file</literal>(1). (The <literal>auto-apt</literal> uses different location for local copy of \"<literal>Contents-<architecture>.gz</literal>\" as default.)" msgstr "\"<literal>Contents-<アーキテクチャー></literal>\"メタデーターのローカルコピーは\"<literal>apt-file update</literal>\"で更新でき、他の4つと異なるところにあります。<literal>apt-file</literal>(1)を参照下さい。(<literal>auto-apt</literal>では\"<literal>Contents-<アーキテクチャー>.gz</literal>\"のローカルコピーがデフォールトでは異なるところにあります。)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7782 msgid "The package state for APT" msgstr "APTに関するパッケージ状態" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7783 msgid "In addition to the remotely fetched meta data, the APT tool after <literal>lenny</literal> stores its locally generated installation state information in the \"<literal>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</literal>\" which is used by all APT tools to track all auto installed packages." msgstr "<literal>lenny</literal>以降のAPTツールではリモートから取得したメタデーターに追加でローカルで生成されるインストール状態情報を\"<literal>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</literal>\"に保存して、自動インストールされた全パッケージを全てのAPTツールで追跡するのに用います。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7786 msgid "The package state for aptitude" msgstr "aptitudeに関するパッケージ状態" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7787 msgid "In addition to the remotely fetched meta data, the <literal>aptitude</literal> command stores its locally generated installation state information in the \"<literal>/var/lib/aptitude/pkgstates</literal>\" which is used only by it." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>コマンドではリモートから取得したメタデーターに追加でローカルで生成されるインストール状態情報を\"<literal>/var/lib/aptitude/pkgstates</literal>\"に保存して用いています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7790 msgid "Local copies of the fetched packages" msgstr "取得したパッケージのローカルコピー" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7791 msgid "All the remotely fetched packages via APT mechanism are stored in the \"<literal>/var/cache/apt/packages</literal>\" until they are cleaned." msgstr "APTメカニズムでリモートから取得されたパッケージは消去されるまでは\"<literal>/var/cache/apt/packages</literal>\"に貯蔵されます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7794 msgid "Debian package file names" msgstr "Debianパッケージファイル名" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7795 msgid "Debian package files have particular name structures." msgstr "Debianのパッケージファイルには特定の名前の構造があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7797 msgid "The name structure of Debian packages" msgstr "Debianパッケージの名前の構造" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7804 msgid "package type" msgstr "パッケージタイプ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7807 msgid "name structure" msgstr "名前の構造" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7814 msgid "The binary package (a.k.a <literal>deb</literal>)" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージ(所謂<literal>deb</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7817 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>-<architecture>.deb</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>-<アーキテクチャー>.deb</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7822 msgid "The binary package (a.k.a <literal>udeb</literal>)" msgstr "バイナリーパッケージ(所謂<literal>udeb</literal>)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7825 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>-<architecture>.udeb</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>-<アーキテクチャー>.udeb</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7830 msgid "The source package (upstream source)" msgstr "ソースパッケージ(アップストリームのソース)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7833 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.orig.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.orig.tar.gz</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7838 msgid "The <literal>1.0</literal> source package (Debian changes)" msgstr "<literal>1.0</literal>ソースパッケージ(Debianの変更部分)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7841 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.diff.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.diff.gz</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7846 msgid "The <literal>3.0 (quilt)</literal> source package (Debian changes)" msgstr "<literal>3.0 (quilt)</literal>ソースパッケージ(Debianの変更部分)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7849 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.debian.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.debian.tar.gz</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7854 msgid "The source package (description)" msgstr "ソースパッケージ(内容記述)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7857 msgid "<literal><package-name>_<epoch>:<upstream-version>-<debian.version>.dsc</literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名>_<エポック>:<アップストリームのバージョン>-<debianのバージョン>.dsc</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7864 msgid "Here only the basic source package formats are described. See more on <literal>dpkg-source</literal>(1)." msgstr "ここでは基本的なパッケージフォーマットのみが記述されています。詳細は<literal>dpkg-source</literal>(1)を参照下さい。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7867 msgid "The usable characters for each component in the Debian package names" msgstr "Debianパッケージ名の各部分に使用可能な文字" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7875 msgid "name component" msgstr "名前の部分" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7878 msgid "usable characters (regex)" msgstr "使用可能文字(regex)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7881 msgid "existence" msgstr "存在" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7888 msgid "<literal><package-name></literal>" msgstr "<literal><パッケージ名></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7891 msgid "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-]</literal></literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-]</literal></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7894 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7916 msgid "required" msgstr "必須" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7899 msgid "<literal><epoch>:</literal>" msgstr "<literal><エポック>:</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7902 msgid "<literal>[0-9]+:</literal>" msgstr "<literal>[0-9]+:</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7905 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7927 msgid "optional" msgstr "任意" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7910 msgid "<literal><upstream-version></literal>" msgstr "<literal><アップストリームのバージョン></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7913 msgid "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-,:]</literal></literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,-,:]</literal></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7921 msgid "<literal><debian.version></literal>" msgstr "<literal><debianのバージョン></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7924 msgid "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,~]</literal></literal>" msgstr "<literal>[a-z,A-Z,0-9,.,<literal>,~]</literal></literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7934 msgid "You can check package version order by <literal>dpkg</literal>(1), e.g., \"<literal>dpkg --compare-versions 7.0 gt 7.~pre1 ; echo $?</literal>\" ." msgstr "パッケージバージョンの順位は<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)を使って、例えば\"<literal>dpkg --compare-versions 7.0 gt 7.~pre1 ; echo $?</literal>\"とすると確認できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7937 msgid "<ulink url=\"&thedebianinstallerdi;\">The debian-installer (d-i)</ulink> uses <literal>udeb</literal> as the file extension for its binary package instead of normal <literal>deb</literal>. An <literal>udeb</literal> package is a stripped down <literal>deb</literal> package which removes few non-essential contents such as documentation to save space while relaxing the package policy requirements. Both <literal>deb</literal> and <literal>udeb</literal> packages share the same package structure. The \"<literal>u</literal>\" stands for micro." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianinstallerdi;\">Debianインストーラー(d-i)</ulink>のバイナリーパッケージには、通常の<literal>deb</literal>ではなく<literal>udeb</literal>をファイル拡張子として使われます。<literal>udeb</literal>パッケージはポリシー条件を緩和しドキュメントのように必須でない内容を削除した減量<literal>deb</literal>パッケージです。<literal>deb</literal>と<literal>udeb</literal>パッケージは同一のパッケージ構造を共有しています。\"<literal>u</literal>\"はマイクロと言う意味で使っています。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7941 msgid "The dpkg command" msgstr "dpkgコマンド" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7942 msgid "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1) is the lowest level tool for the Debian package management. This is very powerful and needs to be used with care." msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)はDebianパッケージ管理の最も低レベルのツールです。非常に強力ですから気をつけて使う必要があります。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7943 msgid "While installing package called \"<literal><package_name></literal>\", <literal>dpkg</literal> process it in the following order." msgstr "\"<literal><パッケージ名></literal>\"というパッケージをインストールする際に、<literal>dpkg</literal>は次に記す順番でパッケージを処理します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7947 msgid "Unpack the deb file (\"<literal>ar -x</literal>\" equivalent)" msgstr "debファイルを解凍(\"<literal>ar -x</literal>\"と等価)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7952 msgid "Execute \"<literal><package_name>.preinst</literal>\" using <literal>debconf</literal>(1)" msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal>(1)を使い\"<literal><package_name>.preinst</literal>\"を実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7957 msgid "Install the package content to the system (\"<literal>tar -x</literal>\" equivalent)" msgstr "システムにパッケージ内容をインストール(\"<literal>tar -x</literal>\"と等価)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7962 msgid "Execute \"<literal><package_name>.postinst</literal>\" using <literal>debconf</literal>(1)" msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal>(1)を使い\"<literal><package_name>.postinst</literal>\"を実行" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7966 msgid "The <literal>debconf</literal> system provides standardized user interaction with I18N and L10N (<xref linkend=\"_i18n_and_l10n\"/>) supports." msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal>システムによってI18NとL10N(<xref linkend=\"_i18n_and_l10n\"/>)のサポートのある標準化されたユーザーとの対話が実現できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7968 msgid "The notable files created by <literal>dpkg</literal>" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>が作成する特記すべきファイル" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7978 msgid "description of contents" msgstr "内容の説明" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7985 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.conffiles</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.conffiles</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7988 msgid "list of configuration files. (user modifiable)" msgstr "設定ファイルのリスト。(ユーザー変更可能)" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7993 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.list</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.list</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:7996 msgid "list of files and directories installed by the package" msgstr "パッケージによりインストールされるファイルやディレクトリーのリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8001 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.md5sums</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.md5sums</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8004 msgid "list of MD5 hash values for files installed by the package" msgstr "パッケージによりインストールされるファイルのMD5ハッシュ値のリスト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8009 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.preinst</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.preinst</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8012 msgid "package script run before the package installation" msgstr "パッケージインストールの前に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8017 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postinst</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.postinst</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8020 msgid "package script run after the package installation" msgstr "パッケージインストールの後に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8025 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.prerm</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8028 msgid "package script run before the package removal" msgstr "パッケージ削除の前に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8033 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postrm</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8036 msgid "package script run after the package removal" msgstr "パッケージ削除の前に実行するパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8041 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.config</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.conffiles</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8044 msgid "package script for <literal>debconf</literal> system" msgstr "<literal>debconf</literal>システムのためのパッケージスクリプト" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8049 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/<package_name></literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/<パッケージ名></literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8052 msgid "the alternative information used by the <literal>update-alternatives</literal> command" msgstr "<literal>update-alternatives</literal>コマンドが用いる代替情報" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8057 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/available</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/available</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8060 msgid "the availability information for all the package" msgstr "すべてのパッケージの入手可能性情報" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8065 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/diversions</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/diversions</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8068 msgid "the diversions information used by <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) and set by`dpkg-divert`(8)" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)に用いられ、<literal>dpkg-divert</literal>(8)が設定する迂回情報。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8073 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/statoverride</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/statoverride</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8076 msgid "the stat override information used by <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) and set by`dpkg-statoverride`(8)" msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)に用いられ、<literal>dpkg-statoverride</literal>(8)が設定する状態の上書き情報。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8081 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8084 msgid "the status information for all the packages" msgstr "全パッケージに関する状態情報" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8089 msgid "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status-old</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/status-old</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8092 msgid "the first-generation backup of the \"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\" file" msgstr "\"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\"ファイルの第一世代のバックアップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8097 msgid "<literal>/var/backups/dpkg.status*</literal>" msgstr "<literal>/var/backups/dpkg.status*</literal>" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8100 msgid "the second-generation backup and older ones of the \"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\" file" msgstr "\"<literal>var/lib/dpkg/status</literal>\"ファイルの第二世代以前のバックアップ" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8106 msgid "The \"<literal>status</literal>\" file is also used by the tools such as <literal>dpkg</literal>(1), \"<literal>dselect update</literal>\" and \"<literal>apt-get -u dselect-upgrade</literal>\"." msgstr "\"<literal>status</literal>\"ファイルは<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)や\"<literal>dselect update</literal>\"や\"<literal>apt-get -u dselect-upgrade</literal>\"のようなツールによって使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8107 msgid "The specialized search command <literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1) can search the local copies of \"<literal>status</literal>\" and \"<literal>available</literal>\" meta data." msgstr "<literal>grep-dctrl</literal>(1)という専用の検索コマンドを使うと\"<literal>status</literal>\"と\"<literal>available</literal>\"メタデーターのローカルコピーを検索できます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8109 msgid "In <ulink url=\"&thedebianinstaller;\">the debian-installer</ulink> environment, the <literal>udpkg</literal> command is used to open <literal>udeb</literal> packages. The <literal>udpkg</literal> command is a stripped down version of the <literal>dpkg</literal> command." msgstr "<ulink url=\"&thedebianinstaller;\">デビアンインストーラー</ulink> 環境下では、<literal>udpkg</literal>コマンドが<literal>udeb</literal>パッケージを開けるのに用いられます。<literal>udpkg</literal>コマンドはストリップダウンされたバージョンの<literal>dpkg</literal>コマンドです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8113 msgid "The update-alternative command" msgstr "update-alternativeコマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8114 msgid "The Debian system has mechanism to install somewhat overlapping programs peacefully using <literal>update-alternatives</literal>(8). For example, you can make the <literal>vi</literal> command select to run <literal>vim</literal> while installing both <literal>vim</literal> and <literal>nvi</literal> packages." msgstr "Debianシステムには<literal>update-alternatives</literal>(8)を用いて何らかの重畳するプログラムを平和裏にインストールするメカニズムがあります。例えば<literal>vim</literal>と<literal>nvi</literal>の両方のパッケージがインストールされた状況下で<literal>vi</literal>コマンドが<literal>vim</literal>を選択して実行するようにできます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8115 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ls -l $(type -p vi)\n" "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2007-03-24 19:05 /usr/bin/vi -> /etc/alternatives/vi\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --display vi\n" "...\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --config vi\n" " Selection Command\n" " ----------------------------------------------\n" " 1 /usr/bin/vim\n" "*+ 2 /usr/bin/nvi\n" "\n" "Enter to keep the default[*], or type selection number: 1" msgstr "" "$ ls -l $(type -p vi)\n" "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2007-03-24 19:05 /usr/bin/vi -> /etc/alternatives/vi\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --display vi\n" "...\n" "$ sudo update-alternatives --config vi\n" " Selection Command\n" " ----------------------------------------------\n" " 1 /usr/bin/vim\n" "*+ 2 /usr/bin/nvi\n" "\n" "Enter to keep the default[*], or type selection number: 1" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8126 msgid "The Debian alternatives system keeps its selection as symlinks in \"<literal>/etc/alternatives/</literal>\". The selection process uses corresponding file in \"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/</literal>\"." msgstr "Debianの代替(alternatives)システムは、その選択を\"<literal>/etc/alternatives/</literal>\"の中のシムリンクとして保持します。選択プロセスには\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/</literal>\"の中の対応するファイルが使われます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8129 msgid "The dpkg-statoverride command" msgstr "dpkg-statoverrideコマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8130 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Stat overrides</emphasis> provided by the <literal>dpkg-statoverride</literal>(8) command are a way to tell <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) to use a different owner or mode for a <emphasis role=\"strong\">file</emphasis> when a package is installed. If \"<literal>--update</literal>\" is specified and file exists, it is immediately set to the new owner and mode." msgstr "<literal>dpkg-statoverride</literal>(8)コマンドで提供される<emphasis role=\"strong\">状態の上書き</emphasis>は、パッケージをインストールする際に<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル</emphasis>に関して異なる所有者やモードを使うよう<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)に指示する方法です。もし\"<literal>--update</literal>\"が指定されファイルが存在すれば、即座に新たな所有者やモードに設定されます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8132 msgid "The direct alteration of owner or mode for a <emphasis role=\"strong\">file</emphasis> owned by the package using <literal>chmod</literal> or <literal>chown</literal> commands by the system administrator is reset by the next upgrade of the package." msgstr "パッケージが所有する<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル</emphasis>の所有者やモードをシステム管理者が<literal>chmod</literal>や<literal>chown</literal>コマンドを用いて直接変更しても次のパッケージアップグレードがリセットします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8135 msgid "I use the word <emphasis role=\"strong\">file</emphasis> here, but in reality this can be any filesystem object that <literal>dpkg</literal> handles, including directories, devices, etc." msgstr "ここで<emphasis role=\"strong\">ファイル</emphasis>と言いましたが、実際には<literal>dpkg</literal>が扱うディレクトリーやデバイス等のいかなるファイルシステムオブジェクトであってもいいです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8139 msgid "The dpkg-divert command" msgstr "dpkg-divertコマンド" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8140 msgid "File <emphasis role=\"strong\">diversions</emphasis> provided by the <literal>dpkg-divert</literal>(8) command are a way of forcing <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) not to install a file into its default location, but to a <emphasis role=\"strong\">diverted</emphasis> location. The use of <literal>dpkg-divert</literal> is meant for the package maintenance scripts. Its casual use by the system administrator is deprecated." msgstr "<literal>dpkg-divert</literal>(8)コマンドによって提供されるファイル<emphasis role=\"strong\">迂回</emphasis>は、ファイルをデフォールトの場所ではなく<emphasis role=\"strong\">迂回</emphasis>した場所にインストールするように<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)にさせます。<literal>dpkg-divert</literal>は本来パッケージメインテナンススクリプトのためのものです。システム管理者がこれを軽々に使うのはお薦めできません。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8144 msgid "Recovery from a broken system" msgstr "壊れたシステムからの復元" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8145 msgid "When running <literal>unstable</literal> system, the administrator is expected to recover from broken package management situation." msgstr "<literal>非安定(unstable)</literal>システムを動かす時には、管理者には壊れたパッケージ管理状況から復元できることが望まれます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8147 msgid "Some methods described here are high risk actions. You have been warned!" msgstr "ここで説明するいくつかの方法は非常にリスクが高いアクションです。警告しましたよ!" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8150 msgid "Incompatibility with old user configuration" msgstr "古いユーザーの設定との非互換性" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8151 msgid "If a desktop GUI program experienced instability after significant upstream version upgrade, you should suspect interferences with old local configuration files created by it. If it is stable under newly created user account, this hypothesis is confirmed. (This is a bug of packaging and usually avoided by the packager.)" msgstr "もしデスクトップGUIプログラムが上流の大きなバージョンアップグレードの後に不安定性を経験した際には、そのプログラムが作った古いローカル設定ファイルとの干渉を疑うべきです。もし新規作成したユーザーアカウントでそのプログラムが安定なら、この仮説が裏付けられます。(これはパッケージングのバグで、通常パッケージャーによって回避されます。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8152 msgid "To recover stability, you should move corresponding local configuration files and restart the GUI program. You may need to read old configuration file contents to recover configuration information later. (Do not erase them too quickly.)" msgstr "安定性を復元するには、対応するローカル設定ファイルを移動しGUIプログラムを再スタートします。後日設定情報を回復するために古い設定ファイルの内容を読む必要があるかもしれません。(あまり慌てて消去しないようにしましょう。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8155 msgid "Different packages with overlapped files" msgstr "重複するファイルを持つ相異なるパッケージ" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8156 msgid "Archive level package management systems, such as <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) or <literal>apt-get</literal>(1), do not even try to install packages with overlapped files using package dependencies (see <xref linkend=\"_package_dependencies\"/>)." msgstr "<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)や<literal>apt-get</literal>(1)等の、アーカイブレベルのパッケージ管理システムはパッケージの依存関係を使って重複するファイルを持つファイルのインストールしようとさえしません(<xref linkend=\"_package_dependencies\"/>参照)。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8157 msgid "Errors by the package maintainer or deployment of inconsistently mixed source of archives (see <xref linkend=\"_packages_from_mixed_source_of_archives\"/>) by the system administrator may create situation with incorrectly defined package dependencies. When you install a package with overlapped files using <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) or <literal>apt-get</literal>(1) under such situation, <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) which unpacks package ensures to return error to the calling program without overwriting existing files." msgstr "パッケージメインテナによるエラーや、システム管理者による不整合な混合ソースのアーカイブの採用(<xref linkend=\"_packages_from_mixed_source_of_archives\"/>参照)があった場合には、パッケージ依存関係が誤って定義される事態が発生するかもしれません。そういう状況下で重複するファイルを持つパッケージを<literal>aptitude</literal>(8)や<literal>apt-get</literal>(1)を使ってインストールしようとすると、パッケージを展開する<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)は既存ファイルを上書きすることなく呼ばれたプログラムにエラーを確実に返します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8159 msgid "The use of third party packages introduces significant system risks via maintainer scripts which are run with root privilege and can do anything to your system. The <literal>dpkg</literal>(1) command only protects against overwriting by the unpacking." msgstr "第三者が作成したパッケージを使うと、root権限で実行されるシステムに関して何でもできるメンテナスクリプトが実行されるので、システムが重大なリスクにさらされます。<literal>dpkg</literal>(1)はパッケージを展開するするさいに上書きする事を防止するだけです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8161 msgid "You can work around such broken installation by removing the old offending package, <literal><old-package></literal>, first." msgstr "そのような壊れたインストール状況は、まず古い問題原因となっているパッケージ<literal><old-package></literal>を削除すれば回避できます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8162 #, no-wrap msgid "$ sudo dpkg -P <old-package>" msgstr "$ sudo dpkg -P <old-package>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8165 msgid "Fixing broken package script" msgstr "壊れたパッケージスクリプトの修正" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8166 msgid "When a command in the package script returns error for some reason and the script exits with error, the package management system aborts their action and ends up with partially installed packages. When a package contains bugs in its removal scripts, the package may become impossible to remove and quite nasty." msgstr "パッケージスクリプト内のコマンドが何らかの理由でエラーを返しスクリプトがエラーで終了した場合には、パッケージ管理システムは動作を途中終了するので部分的にインストールされたパッケージのある状況が生まれます。パッケージがその削除スクリプト内にバグを持つ場合には、パッケージが削除不能になりうるので大変厄介です。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8167 msgid "For the package script problem of \"<literal><package_name></literal>\", you should look into following package scripts." msgstr "\"<literal><パッケージ名></literal>\"のパッケージスクリプトの問題に関しては、次のパッケージスクリプトの内容を確認するべきです。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8171 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.preinst</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.preinst</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8176 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postinst</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.postinst</literal>\"" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8181 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.prerm</literal>\"" msgstr "<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8186 msgid "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<package_name>.postrm</literal>\"" msgstr "\"<literal>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<パッケージ名>.prerm</literal>\"" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8190 msgid "Edit the offending package script from the root using following techniques." msgstr "スクリプトの問題原因部分を次のようなテクニックを使いrootから編集します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8194 msgid "disable the offending line by preceding \"<literal>#</literal>\"" msgstr "行頭に\"<literal>#</literal>\"を挿入し問題行を無効にする" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8199 msgid "force to return success by appending the offending line with \"<literal>|| true</literal>\"" msgstr "行末に\"<literal>|| true</literal>\"を挿入し成功を強制的に返さす" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8203 msgid "Configure all partially installed packages with the following command." msgstr "全ての部分的にインストールされたパッケージを次のコマンドで設定します。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8204 #, no-wrap msgid "# dpkg --configure -a" msgstr "# dpkg --configure -a" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8207 msgid "Rescue with the dpkg command" msgstr "dpkgコマンドを使っての救済" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8208 msgid "Since <literal>dpkg</literal> is very low level package tool, it can function under the very bad situation such as unbootable system without network connection. Let's assume <literal>foo</literal> package was broken and needs to be replaced." msgstr "<literal>dpkg</literal>は非常に低レベルのパッケージツールなのでネットワーク接続もないブート不能な非常に劣悪な状況下でも機能します。<literal>foo</literal>パッケージが壊れていて置き換える必要があると仮定します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8209 msgid "You may still find cached copies of older bug free version of <literal>foo</literal> package in the package cache directory: \"<literal>/var/cache/apt/archives/</literal>\". (If not, you can download it from archive of <ulink url=\"&httpsnapshotdebiannet;\">http://snapshot.debian.net/</ulink> or copy it from package cache of a functioning machine.)" msgstr "バグの無い古いバージョンの<literal>foo</literal>パッケージが\"<literal>/var/cache/apt/archives/</literal>\"にあるパッケージキャッシュの中に見つかるかもしれません。(ここにみつからなければ、<ulink url=\"&httpsnapshotdebiannet;\">http://snapshot.debian.net/</ulink>アーカイブからダウンロードしたり、機能している機器のパッケージキャッシュからコピーできます。)" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8210 msgid "If you can boot the system, you may install it by the following command." msgstr "もしブート不可能な場合には、次のコマンドを使ってインストールすることもできます。" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8211 #, no-wrap msgid "# dpkg -i /path/to/foo_<old_version>_<arch>.deb" msgstr "# dpkg -i /path/to/foo_<old_version>_<arch>.deb" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8213 msgid "If system breakage is minor, you may alternatively downgrade the whole system as <xref linkend=\"_emergency_downgrading\"/> using the higher level APT system." msgstr "システムがそれほど壊れていないなら、<xref linkend=\"_emergency_downgrading\"/>に書かれているようにして、より高レベルのAPTシステムを通じてシステム全体をダウングレードする手もあります。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8215 msgid "If your system is unbootable from hard disk, you should seek other ways to boot it." msgstr "ハードディスクからブートできない場合は、他の方法でのブート方法を考えるべきです。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8219 msgid "Boot the system using the debian-installer CD in rescue mode." msgstr "デビアンインストーラー(debian-installer)のCDを使ってレスキューモードでブートします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8224 msgid "Mount the unbootable system on the hard disk to \"<literal>/target</literal>\"." msgstr "ブートできないハードディスク上のシステムを\"<literal>/target</literal>\"にマウントします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8229 msgid "Install older version of <literal>foo</literal> package by the following." msgstr "古いバージョンの<literal>foo</literal>パッケージを次のようにしてインストールします。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8233 #, no-wrap msgid "# dpkg --root /target -i /path/to/foo_<old_version>_<arch>.deb" msgstr "# dpkg --root /target -i /path/to/foo_<old_version>_<arch>.deb" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8234 msgid "This example works even if the <literal>dpkg</literal> command on the hard disk is broken." msgstr "この例は、たとえハードディスク上の<literal>dpkg</literal>コマンドが壊れていても機能します。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8236 msgid "Any GNU/Linux system started by another system on hard disk, live GNU/Linux CD, bootable USB-key drive, or netboot can be used similarly to rescue broken system." msgstr "ハードディスク上の別のシステムであれ、GNU/LinuxのライブCDであれ、ブート可能なUSBキードライブであれ、ネットブートであれ、どのように起動されたGNU/Linuxシステムでも同様にして壊れたシステムを救済するのに使えます。" # type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara> #: debian-reference.en.xmlt:8238 msgid "If attempting to install a package this way fails due to some dependency violations and you really need to do thi