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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="EUC-JP"?>
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<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
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<!-- original version: 11648 -->
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<sect1 id="directory-tree">
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<title>¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¥Ä¥ê¡¼</title>
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<para>
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<!--
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&debian; adheres to the
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<ulink url="&url-fhs-home;">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</ulink>
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for directory and file naming. This standard allows users and software
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programs to predict the location of files and directories. The root
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level directory is represented simply by the slash
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<filename>/</filename>. At the root level, all Debian systems include
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these directories:
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-->
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¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¢&debian; ¤Ï
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<ulink url="&url-fhs-home;">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</ulink>
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¤Ë½¾¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Îµ¬³Ê¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤È¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ä¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¡¢
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¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ä¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î¾ì½ê¤òͽÁÛ¤·¤ä¤¹¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
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º¬¤Ã¤³ (¥ë¡¼¥È = root) ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ï¡¢Ã±¤Ë¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å <filename>/</filename>
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¤Çɽ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¥ë¡¼¥È¤Î¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
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Debian ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ïɬ¤º°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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<informaltable>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<!--
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<entry>Directory</entry><entry>Content</entry>
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-->
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<entry>¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê</entry><entry>ÆâÍÆ</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<!--
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<row>
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<entry><filename>bin</filename></entry>
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<entry>Essential command binaries</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>boot</filename></entry>
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<entry>Static files of the boot loader</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>dev</filename></entry>
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<entry>Device files</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>etc</filename></entry>
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<entry>Host-specific system configuration</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>home</filename></entry>
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<entry>User home directories</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>lib</filename></entry>
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<entry>Essential shared libraries and kernel modules</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>mnt</filename></entry>
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<entry>Mount point for mounting a file system temporarily</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>proc</filename></entry>
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<entry>Virtual directory for system information</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>root</filename></entry>
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<entry>Home directory for the root user</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>sbin</filename></entry>
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<entry>Essential system binaries</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>tmp</filename></entry>
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<entry>Temporary files</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>usr</filename></entry>
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<entry>Secondary hierarchy</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>var</filename></entry>
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<entry>Variable data</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>opt</filename></entry>
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<entry>Add-on application software packages</entry>
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</row>
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-->
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<row>
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<entry><filename>bin</filename></entry>
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<entry>´ðËÜŪ¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>boot</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Î¥¹¥¿¥Æ¥£¥Ã¥¯¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>dev</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>etc</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥Û¥¹¥È¸ÇͤΥ·¥¹¥Æ¥àÀßÄê</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>home</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>lib</filename></entry>
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<entry>´ðËÜŪ¤Ê¶¦Í¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¤È¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥â¥¸¥å¡¼¥ë</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>mnt</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò°ì»þŪ¤Ë¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>proc</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾ðÊó¤ò´Þ¤à²¾Áۥǥ£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>root</filename></entry>
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<entry>root ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>sbin</filename></entry>
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<entry>´ðËÜŪ¤Ê¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>tmp</filename></entry>
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<entry>°ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÍÑ</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>usr</filename></entry>
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<entry>Âè 2 ³¬ÁØ</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>var</filename></entry>
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<entry>²ÄÊѥǡ¼¥¿</entry>
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</row><row>
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<entry><filename>opt</filename></entry>
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<entry>¥¢¥É¥ª¥ó¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
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</para>
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<para>
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<!--
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The following is a list of important considerations regarding
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directories and partitions.
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-->
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°Ê²¼¤Î°ìÍ÷¤Ï¡¢¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ä¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ
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½ÅÍפȤʤë¹Í¤¨Êý¤òÀâÌÀ¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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<!--
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The root partition <filename>/</filename> must always physically
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contain <filename>/etc</filename>, <filename>/bin</filename>,
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<filename>/sbin</filename>, <filename>/lib</filename> and
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<filename>/dev</filename>, otherwise you won't be able to boot.
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Typically 100 MB is needed for the root partition, but this may vary.
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-->
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¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó <filename>/</filename> ¤Ï¡¢É¬¤º
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<filename>/etc</filename>¡¢<filename>/bin</filename>¡¢
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<filename>/sbin</filename>¡¢<filename>/lib</filename>¡¢
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<filename>/dev</filename> ¤òʪÍýŪ¤Ë´Þ¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó
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(¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤òÊ̤Υѡ¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó)¡£
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¤µ¤â¤Ê¤¤¤Èµ¯Æ°¤¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
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°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë¤³¤³¤Ï 100 MB ÄøÅÙ¤òɬÍפȤ·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢É¬ÍפÊÍÆÎ̤Ͼì¹ç¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÊѲ½¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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<!--
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<filename>/usr</filename>: all user programs
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(<filename>/usr/bin</filename>), libraries
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(<filename>/usr/lib</filename>), documentation
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(<filename>/usr/share/doc</filename>), etc., are in this
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directory. This part of the file system needs most of the space. You
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should provide at least 500 MB of disk space. If you want to install
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more packages you should increase the amount of space you give this
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directory.
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-->
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<filename>/usr</filename>: ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à
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(<filename>/usr/bin</filename>)¡¢¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê
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(<filename>/usr/lib</filename>)¡¢Ê¸½ñ
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(<filename>/usr/share/doc</filename>) ¤Ê¤É¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë
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¼ý¤á¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤³¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÃæ¤Ç¤âºÇ¤âÍÆÎ̤òɬÍפȤ¹¤ë¤È¤³¤í¤Ç¤¹¡£
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¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â 500 MB ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ÍÆÎ̤ò³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤ë¤Ù¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó¤Î
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¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢¤â¤Ã¤È¿¤¯¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ÍÆÎ̤ò¤³¤Î
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¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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<!--
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<filename>/home</filename>: every user will put his data into a
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subdirectory of this directory. The size of this depends on how many
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users will be using the system and what files are to be stored in
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their directories. Depending on your planned usage you should reserve
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about 100 MB for each user, but adapt this value to your needs.
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-->
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<filename>/home</filename>: ³Æ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï¡¢¸Ä¿ÍŪ¤Ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¤³¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î
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¥µ¥Ö¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¼ý¤á¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤ÎÍÆÎ̤ϡ¢¤³¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¿ô¤ä¡¢
|
| 192 |
¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¼ý¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¤«¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î»È¤¤Êý¤Ë¤â¤è¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤´¤È¤ËÌó 100 MB ¤Û¤É¤¬É¬ÍפǤ·¤ç¤¦¡£
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¤·¤«¤·¤³¤ÎÃͤÏɬÍפ˱þ¤¸¤ÆÄ´À°¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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<!--
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<filename>/var</filename>: all variable data like news articles,
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e-mails, web sites, the packaging system cache, etc. will be placed
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under this directory. The size of this directory depends greatly on
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the usage of your computer, but for most people will be dictated by
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the package management tool's overhead. If you are going to do a full
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installation of just about everything Debian has to offer, all in one
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session, setting aside 2 or 3 gigabytes of space for
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<filename>/var</filename> should be sufficient. If you are going to
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install in pieces (that is to say, install services and utilities,
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followed by text stuff, then X, ...), you can get away with 300 - 500
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megabytes in <filename>/var</filename>. If hard drive space is at a
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premium and you don't plan on doing major system updates, you can get
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by with as little as 30 or 40 megabytes in <filename>/var</filename>.
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-->
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<filename>/var</filename>: ¥Ë¥å¡¼¥¹µ»ö¡¢ÅŻҥ᡼¥ë¡¢¥¦¥§¥Ö¥³¥ó¥Æ¥ó¥Ä¡¢
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¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥¥ã¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ê¤É¡¢
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¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤Ê²ÄÊѥǡ¼¥¿¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤¬¤³¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¼ý¤á¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
|
| 217 |
¤³¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ÎÍÆÎ̤ϥ³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ÎÍøÍÑÊýË¡¤ËÂ礤¯º¸±¦¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢
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¤¿¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸´ÉÍý¥Ä¡¼¥ë¤¬»È¤¦Ê¬¤¬
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ºÇ¤âÂ礤ʱƶÁ¤ò»ý¤Ä¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£
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Debian ¤¬Ä󶡤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ò¤¤¤Ã¤Ú¤ó¤Ë¥Õ¥ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â¡¢
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<filename>/var</filename> ¤Ë¤Ï 2¡Á3 GB ¤Û¤É¤ÎÍÆÎ̤ò³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤Æ¤ª¤±¤Ð
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¤ê¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹¡£
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°ìÅ٤ˤ¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤»¤º¡¢ÉôʬÉôʬ¤ò½ù¡¹¤Ë
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(Î㤨¤Ð¡¢¤Þ¤º¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤ä¥æ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ê¥Æ¥£¤ò¡¢¼¡¤Ë¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ëÍѤΤâ¤Î¡¢
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¼¡¤Ë X ÍѤΤâ¤Î¡Ä¤È¤¤¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë) ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤Ê¤é¡¢
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<filename>/var</filename> ¤Ë¤Ï 300¡Á500 MB ¤Î¶õ¤ÍÆÎ̤¬¤¢¤ì¤ÐÎɤ¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£
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¥Ï¡¼¥É¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Î¶õ¤ÍÆÎ̤¬µ®½Å¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ç¡¢
|
| 228 |
¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â¥á¥¸¥ã¡¼¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Ç¡¼¥È¤ò¤¹¤ëͽÄ꤬¤Ê¤¤¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢
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<filename>/var</filename> ¤Ë³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤ëÍÆÎÌ¤Ï 30¡Á40 MB ÄøÅ٤Ǥ⹽¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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|
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<!--
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<filename>/tmp</filename>: if a program creates temporary data it will
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most likely go in <filename>/tmp</filename>. 20-50 MB should usually
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be enough.
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-->
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<filename>/tmp</filename>: ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬°ì»þ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢
|
| 240 |
ÉáÄÌ <filename>/tmp</filename> ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤òÍøÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹¡£
|
| 241 |
Ä̾ï¤Ï 20¡Á50 MB ¤¢¤ì¤Ð½¼Ê¬¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect1>
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Revision Log