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trunk/installer/doc/manual/en/hardware/hardware-supported.xml revision 14033 by mck-guest, Tue Apr 20 16:21:24 2004 UTC trunk/manual/en/hardware/hardware-supported.xml revision 43529 by fjp, Tue Dec 26 01:49:08 2006 UTC
# Line 3  Line 3 
3    
4   <sect1 id="hardware-supported">   <sect1 id="hardware-supported">
5   <title>Supported Hardware</title>   <title>Supported Hardware</title>
   
6  <para>  <para>
7    
8  Debian does not impose hardware requirements beyond the requirements  Debian does not impose hardware requirements beyond the requirements
# Line 25  information can be found. Line 24  information can be found.
24  </para>  </para>
25    
26    <sect2><title>Supported Architectures</title>    <sect2><title>Supported Architectures</title>
   
27  <para>  <para>
28    
29  Debian &release; supports eleven major architectures and several  Debian &release; supports twelve major architectures and several
30  variations of each architecture known as 'flavors'.  variations of each architecture known as <quote>flavors</quote>.
31    
32  </para><para>  </para><para>
33    
# Line 44  variations of each architecture known as Line 42  variations of each architecture known as
42    
43  <tbody>  <tbody>
44  <row>  <row>
45    <entry morerows="2">Intel x86-based</entry>    <entry>Intel x86-based</entry>
46    <entry morerows="2">i386</entry>    <entry>i386</entry>
47    <entry morerows="2"></entry>    <entry></entry>
48    <entry>vanilla</entry>    <entry></entry>
 </row><row>  
   <entry>speakup</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>linux26</entry>  
 </row>  
   
 <row>  
   <entry morerows="5">Motorola 680x0</entry>  
   <entry morerows="5">m68k</entry>  
   <entry>Atari</entry>  
   <entry>atari</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>Amiga</entry>  
   <entry>amiga</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>68k Macintosh</entry>  
   <entry>mac</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry morerows="2">VME</entry>  
   <entry>bvme6000</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>mvme147</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>mvme16x</entry>  
49  </row>  </row>
50    
51  <row>  <row>
52    <entry morerows="2">DEC Alpha</entry>    <entry>AMD64 &amp; Intel EM64T</entry>
53    <entry morerows="2">alpha</entry>    <entry>amd64</entry>
54    <entry morerows="2"></entry>    <entry></entry>
55    <entry>generic</entry>    <entry></entry>
 </row><row>  
   <entry>jensen</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>nautilus</entry>  
56  </row>  </row>
57    
58  <row>  <row>
59    <entry morerows="1">Sun SPARC</entry>    <entry>DEC Alpha</entry>
60    <entry morerows="1">sparc</entry>    <entry>alpha</entry>
61    <entry morerows="1"></entry>    <entry></entry>
62    <entry>sun4cdm</entry>    <entry></entry>
 </row><row>  
   <entry>sun4u</entry>  
63  </row>  </row>
64    
65  <row>  <row>
66    <entry morerows="3">ARM and StrongARM</entry>    <entry morerows="3">ARM and StrongARM</entry>
67    <entry morerows="3">arm</entry>    <entry morerows="3">arm</entry>
68    <entry morerows="3"></entry>    <entry>Netwinder and CATS</entry>
69    <entry>netwinder</entry>    <entry>netwinder</entry>
70  </row><row>  </row><row>
71    <entry>riscpc</entry>    <entry>Intel IOP32x</entry>
72  </row><row>    <entry>iop32x</entry>
   <entry>shark</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>lart</entry>  
 </row>  
   
 <row>  
   <entry morerows="3">IBM/Motorola PowerPC</entry>  
   <entry morerows="3">powerpc</entry>  
   <entry>CHRP</entry>  
   <entry>chrp</entry>  
 </row><row>  
   <entry>PowerMac</entry>  
   <entry>powermac, new-powermac</entry>  
73  </row><row>  </row><row>
74    <entry>PReP</entry>    <entry>Intel IXP4xx</entry>
75    <entry>prep</entry>    <entry>ixp4xx</entry>
76  </row><row>  </row><row>
77    <entry>APUS</entry>    <entry>RiscPC</entry>
78    <entry>apus</entry>    <entry>rpc</entry>
79  </row>  </row>
80    
81  <row>  <row>
# Line 134  variations of each architecture known as Line 89  variations of each architecture known as
89  </row>  </row>
90    
91  <row>  <row>
92    <entry>Intel ia64-based</entry>    <entry>Intel IA-64</entry>
93    <entry>ia64</entry>    <entry>ia64</entry>
94    <entry></entry>    <entry></entry>
95    <entry></entry>    <entry></entry>
96  </row>  </row>
97    
98  <row>  <row>
99    <entry>MIPS (big endian)</entry>    <entry morerows="3">MIPS (big endian)</entry>
100    <entry>mips</entry>    <entry morerows="3">mips</entry>
101    <entry>SGI Indy/I2</entry>    <entry>SGI IP22 (Indy/Indigo 2)</entry>
102    <entry>r4k-ip22</entry>    <entry>r4k-ip22</entry>
103    </row><row>
104      <entry>SGI IP32 (O2)</entry>
105      <entry>r5k-ip32</entry>
106    </row><row>
107      <entry>Broadcom BCM91250A (SWARM)</entry>
108      <entry>sb1-bcm91250a</entry>
109    </row><row>
110      <entry>Broadcom BCM91480B (BigSur)</entry>
111      <entry>sb1a-bcm91480b</entry>
112  </row>  </row>
113    
114  <row>  <row>
115    <entry morerows="1">MIPS (little endian)</entry>    <entry morerows="4">MIPS (little endian)</entry>
116    <entry morerows="1">mipsel</entry>    <entry morerows="4">mipsel</entry>
117    <entry morerows="1">DEC Decstation</entry>    <entry>Cobalt</entry>
118      <entry>cobalt</entry>
119    </row><row>
120      <entry morerows="1">DECstation</entry>
121    <entry>r4k-kn04</entry>    <entry>r4k-kn04</entry>
122  </row><row>  </row><row>
123    <entry>r3k-kn02</entry>    <entry>r3k-kn02</entry>
124    </row><row>
125      <entry>Broadcom BCM91250A (SWARM)</entry>
126      <entry>sb1-bcm91250a</entry>
127    </row><row>
128      <entry>Broadcom BCM91480B (BigSur)</entry>
129      <entry>sb1a-bcm91480b</entry>
130    </row>
131    
132    <row>
133      <entry morerows="5">Motorola 680x0</entry>
134      <entry morerows="5">m68k</entry>
135      <entry>Atari</entry>
136      <entry>atari</entry>
137    </row><row>
138      <entry>Amiga</entry>
139      <entry>amiga</entry>
140    </row><row>
141      <entry>68k Macintosh</entry>
142      <entry>mac</entry>
143    </row><row>
144      <entry morerows="2">VME</entry>
145      <entry>bvme6000</entry>
146    </row><row>
147      <entry>mvme147</entry>
148    </row><row>
149      <entry>mvme16x</entry>
150    </row>
151    
152    <row>
153      <entry morerows="2">IBM/Motorola PowerPC</entry>
154      <entry morerows="2">powerpc</entry>
155      <entry>CHRP</entry>
156      <entry>chrp</entry>
157    </row><row>
158      <entry>PowerMac</entry>
159      <entry>pmac</entry>
160    </row><row>
161      <entry>PReP</entry>
162      <entry>prep</entry>
163    </row>
164    
165    <row>
166      <entry morerows="1">Sun SPARC</entry>
167      <entry morerows="1">sparc</entry>
168      <entry morerows="1"></entry>
169      <entry>sun4cdm</entry>
170    </row><row>
171      <entry>sun4u</entry>
172  </row>  </row>
173    
174  <row>  <row>
175    <entry morerows="1">IBM S/390</entry>    <entry morerows="1">IBM S/390</entry>
176    <entry morerows="1">s390</entry>    <entry morerows="1">s390</entry>
177    <entry morerows="1"></entry>    <entry>IPL from VM-reader and DASD</entry>
178    <entry>tape</entry>    <entry>generic</entry>
179  </row><row>  </row><row>
180    <entry>vmrdr</entry>    <entry>IPL from tape</entry>
181      <entry>tape</entry>
182  </row>  </row>
183    
184  </tbody></tgroup></informaltable>  </tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
# Line 182  architecture.  We feel that it has prove Line 198  architecture.  We feel that it has prove
198  released. However, because it has not had the exposure (and hence  released. However, because it has not had the exposure (and hence
199  testing by users) that some other architectures have had, you may  testing by users) that some other architectures have had, you may
200  encounter a few bugs. Use our  encounter a few bugs. Use our
201  <ulink url="&url-bts;">Bug Tracking System</ulink> to report any  <ulink url="&url-bts;">Bug Tracking System</ulink> to report any
   
202  problems; make sure to mention the fact that the bug is on the  problems; make sure to mention the fact that the bug is on the
203  &arch-title; platform. It can be necessary to use the  &arch-title; platform. It can be necessary to use the
204  <ulink url="&url-list-subscribe;">debian-&architecture; mailing list</ulink>  <ulink url="&url-list-subscribe;">debian-&arch-listname; mailing list</ulink>
205  as well.  as well.
   
 </para>  
206    
207    </para>
208    </sect2>    </sect2>
209    
210  <!-- supported cpu docs -->  <!-- supported cpu docs -->
211  &supported-alpha.xml;  &supported-alpha.xml;
212    &supported-amd64.xml;
213  &supported-arm.xml;  &supported-arm.xml;
214  &supported-hppa.xml;  &supported-hppa.xml;
215  &supported-i386.xml;  &supported-i386.xml;
# Line 206  as well. Line 221  as well.
221  &supported-s390.xml;  &supported-s390.xml;
222  &supported-sparc.xml;  &supported-sparc.xml;
223    
224    <sect2 id="gfx" arch="not-s390"><title>Graphics Card</title>    <sect2 id="gfx" arch="not-s390"><title>Graphics Card Support</title>
225    <para arch="x86">
 <para arch="i386">  
226    
227  You should be using a VGA-compatible display interface for the console  You should be using a VGA-compatible display interface for the console
228  terminal. Nearly every modern display card is compatible with  terminal. Nearly every modern display card is compatible with
# Line 219  during the installation process describe Line 233  during the installation process describe
233  </para><para>  </para><para>
234    
235  Debian's support for graphical interfaces is determined by the  Debian's support for graphical interfaces is determined by the
236  underlying support found in XFree86's X11 system.  The newer AGP video  underlying support found in X.Org's X11 system.  Most AGP, PCI and
237  slots are actually a modification on the PCI specification, and most  PCIe video cards work under X.Org.  Details on supported graphics
238  AGP video cards work under XFree86.  Details on supported graphics  buses, cards, monitors, and pointing devices can be found at
239  buses, cards, monitors, and pointing devices can be found at  <ulink url="&url-xorg;"></ulink>.  Debian &release; ships
240  <ulink url="&url-xfree86;"></ulink>.  Debian &release; ships  with X.Org version &x11ver;.
 with XFree86 version &x11ver;.  
241    
242  </para><para arch="mips">  </para><para arch="mips">
243    
244  The XFree86's X11 system is only supported on the SGI Indy.  <!-- FIXME: mention explicit graphics chips and not system names -->
245    The X.Org X11 window system is only supported on the SGI Indy and the O2.  The
246    Broadcom BCM91250A and BCM91480B evaluation boards have standard 3.3v PCI
247    slots and support VGA emulation or Linux framebuffer on a selected range
248    of graphics cards.  A <ulink url="&url-bcm91250a-hardware;">compatibility
249    listing</ulink> for Broadcom evaluation boards is available.
250    
251    </para><para arch="mipsel">
252    
253    The X.Org X11 window system is supported on some DECstation models.  The
254    Broadcom BCM91250A and BCM91480B evaluation boards have standard 3.3v PCI
255    slots and support VGA emulation or Linux framebuffer on a selected range
256    of graphics cards.  A <ulink url="&url-bcm91250a-hardware;">compatibility
257    listing</ulink> for Broadcom evaluation boards is available.
258    
259    </para><para arch="sparc">
260    
261    Most graphics options commonly found on Sparc-based machines are supported.
262    X.org graphics drivers are available for sunbw2, suncg14, suncg3, suncg6,
263    sunleo and suntcx framebuffers, Creator3D and Elite3D cards (sunffb driver),
264    PGX24/PGX64 ATI-based video cards (ati driver), and PermediaII-based cards
265    (glint driver). To use an Elite3D card with X.org you additionally need to
266    install the <classname>afbinit</classname> package, and read the documentation
267    included with it on how to activate the card.
268    
269    </para><para arch="sparc">
270    
271    It is not uncommon for a Sparc machine to have two graphics cards in a
272    default configuration. In such a case there is a possibility that the
273    Linux kernel will not direct its output to the card initially used by the
274    firmware. The lack of output on the graphical console may then be mistaken
275    for a hang (usually the last message seen on console is 'Booting Linux...').
276    One possible solution is to physically remove one of the video cards;
277    another option is to disable one of the cards using a kernel boot parameter.
278    Also, if graphical output is not required or desired, serial console may be
279    used as an alternative. On some systems use of serial console can be
280    activated automatically by disconnecting the keyboard before booting the
281    system.
282    
283  </para>  </para>
284    </sect2>    </sect2>
285    
286    <sect2 arch="i386" id="laptops"><title>Laptops</title>    <sect2 arch="x86" id="laptops"><title>Laptops</title>
287  <para>  <para>
288    
289  Laptops are also supported.  Laptops are often specialized or contain  Laptops are also supported.  Laptops are often specialized or contain
290  proprietary hardware.  To see if your particular laptop works well  proprietary hardware.  To see if your particular laptop works well
291  with GNU/Linux, see the  with GNU/Linux, see the
292  <ulink url="&url-x86-laptop;">Linux Laptop pages</ulink>  <ulink url="&url-x86-laptop;">Linux Laptop pages</ulink>
293    
294  </para>  </para>
295     </sect2>     </sect2>
296    
   
297    <sect2 condition="defaults-smp">    <sect2 condition="defaults-smp">
298  <title>Multiple Processors</title>    <title>Multiple Processors</title>
   
299  <para>  <para>
300    
301  Multi-processor support &mdash; also called ``symmetric multi-processing''  Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</quote>
302  or SMP &mdash; is supported for this architecture.  The standard Debian  or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture.  The standard Debian
303  &release; kernel image was compiled with SMP support.  This should not  &release; kernel image was compiled with SMP support.  This should not
304  prevent installation, since the SMP kernel should boot on non-SMP systems;  prevent installation, since the SMP kernel should boot on non-SMP systems;
305  the kernel will simply cause a bit more overhead.  the kernel will simply cause a bit more overhead.
# Line 262  In order to optimize the kernel for sing Line 310  In order to optimize the kernel for sing
310  replace the standard Debian kernel.  You can find a discussion of how  replace the standard Debian kernel.  You can find a discussion of how
311  to do this in <xref linkend="kernel-baking"/>.  At this time  to do this in <xref linkend="kernel-baking"/>.  At this time
312  (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you disable SMP is to deselect  (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you disable SMP is to deselect
313  ``symmetric multi-processing'' in the ``General'' section of the  <quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the <quote>&smp-config-section;</quote>
314  kernel config.  section of the kernel config.
315    
316  </para>  </para>
   
317    </sect2>    </sect2>
318    
319      <sect2 condition="smp-alternatives">
320    <title>Multiple Processors</title>
321    
322    <para>
323    
324    Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric
325    multiprocessing</quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture.
326    The standard Debian &release; kernel image was compiled with
327    <firstterm>SMP-alternatives</firstterm> support. This means that the kernel
328    will detect the number of processors (or processor cores) and will
329    automatically deactivate SMP on uniprocessor systems.
330    
331    </para><para arch="i386">
332    
333    The 486 flavour of the Debian kernel image packages for &arch-title;
334    is not compiled with SMP support.
335    
336    </para>
337      </sect2>
338    
339    <sect2 condition="supports-smp">    <sect2 condition="supports-smp">
340   <title>Multiple Processors</title>    <title>Multiple Processors</title>
341  <para>  <para>
342    
343  Multi-processor support &mdash; also called ``symmetric  Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric
344  multi-processing'' or SMP &mdash; is supported for this architecture.  multiprocessing</quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture.
345  However, the standard Debian &release; kernel image does not support  However, the standard Debian &release; kernel image does not support
346  SMP.  This should not prevent installation, since the standard,  SMP.  This should not prevent installation, since the standard,
347  non-SMP kernel should boot on SMP systems; the kernel will simply use  non-SMP kernel should boot on SMP systems; the kernel will simply use
# Line 287  In order to take advantage of multiple p Line 353  In order to take advantage of multiple p
353  replace the standard Debian kernel.  You can find a discussion of how  replace the standard Debian kernel.  You can find a discussion of how
354  to do this in <xref linkend="kernel-baking"/>.  At this time  to do this in <xref linkend="kernel-baking"/>.  At this time
355  (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you enable SMP is to select  (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you enable SMP is to select
356  ``symmetric multi-processing'' in the ``General'' section of the  <quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the <quote>&smp-config-section;</quote>
357  kernel config.  section of the kernel config.
358    
359    </para>
360      </sect2>
361    
362      <sect2 condition="supports-smp-sometimes">
363      <title>Multiple Processors</title>
364    <para>
365    
366    Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric
367    multiprocessing</quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture,
368    and is supported by a precompiled Debian kernel image. Depending on your
369    install media, this SMP-capable kernel may or may not be installed by
370    default. This should not prevent installation, since the standard,
371    non-SMP kernel should boot on SMP systems; the kernel will simply use
372    the first CPU.
373    
374    </para><para>
375    
376    In order to take advantage of multiple processors, you should check to see
377    if a kernel package that supports SMP is installed, and if not, choose an
378    appropriate kernel package.
379    
380    </para><para>
381    
382    You can also build your own customized kernel to support SMP. You can find
383    a discussion of how to do this in <xref linkend="kernel-baking"/>.  At this
384    time (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you enable SMP is to select
385    <quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the <quote>&smp-config-section;</quote>
386    section of the kernel config.
387    
388  </para>  </para>
389    </sect2>    </sect2>
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