/[d-i]/trunk/manual/en/appendix/chroot-install.xml

Diff of /trunk/manual/en/appendix/chroot-install.xml

Parent Directory | Revision Log | View Patch Patch

-trunk/installer/doc/manual/en/appendix/chroot-install.xml
revision 28245 by fjpop-guest,
Tue Jun  7 19:10:03 2005 UTC
+trunk/manual/en/appendix/chroot-install.xml
revision 39614 by fjp,
Mon Aug  7 15:50:11 2006 UTC
 Line 7
  <para>
  This section explains how to install &debian; from an existing
- Unix or Linux system, without using the ncurses-based, menu-driven
+ Unix or Linux system, without using the menu-driven installer as
- installer as explained in the rest of the manual. This "cross-install"
+ explained in the rest of the manual. This <quote>cross-install</quote>
  HOWTO has been requested by users switching to &debian; from
  Red Hat, Mandrake, and SUSE. In this section some familiarity with
  entering *nix commands and navigating the file system is assumed. In
 Line 20 
 command entered in the Debian chroot.
  Once you've got the new Debian system configured to your preference,
  you can migrate your existing user data (if any) to it, and keep on
- rolling. This is therefore a "zero downtime" &debian;
+ rolling. This is therefore a <quote>zero downtime</quote> &debian;
  install. It's also a clever way for dealing with hardware that
  otherwise doesn't play friendly with various boot or installation
  media.
 Line 38 
 or at least 300MB if you plan to install
  </para><para>
- To create file systems on your partitions. For example, to create an
+ Create file systems on your partitions. For example, to create an
  ext3 file system on partition <filename>/dev/hda6</filename> (that's
  our example root partition):
  <informalexample><screen>
 Line 50 
 To create an ext2 file system instead, o
  </para><para>
  Initialize and activate swap (substitute the partition number for
  your intended Debian swap partition):
  <informalexample><screen>
 Line 70 
 referenced later below.
  </screen></informalexample>
  </para>
+ <note><para>
+ If you want to have parts of the filesystem (e.g. /usr) mounted on
+ separate partitions, you will need to create and mount these directories
+ manually before proceding with the next stage.
+ </para></note>
    </sect2>
    <sect2>
    <title>Install <command>debootstrap</command></title>
  <para>
- The tool that the Debian installer uses, which is recognized as the
+ The utility used by the Debian installer, and recognized as the
  official way to install a Debian base system, is
  <command>debootstrap</command>. It uses <command>wget</command> and
  <command>ar</command>, but otherwise depends only on
- <classname>/bin/sh</classname>. Install <command>wget</command> and
+ <classname>/bin/sh</classname> and basic Unix/Linux tools<footnote>
+ <para>
+ These include the GNU core utilities and commands like <command>sed</command>, <command>grep</command>, <command>tar</command> and <command>gzip</command>.
+ </para>
+ </footnote>. Install <command>wget</command> and
  <command>ar</command> if they aren't already on your current system,
  then download and install <command>debootstrap</command>.
- </para><para>
+ </para>
- If you have an rpm-based system, you can use alien to convert the
+ <!-- The files linked to here are from 2004 and thus currently not usable
- .deb into .rpm, or download an rpm-ized version at
+ <para>
+ If you have an rpm-based system, you can use alien to convert the
+ .deb into .rpm, or download an rpm-ized version at
  <ulink url="http://people.debian.org/~blade/install/debootstrap"></ulink>
- </para><para>
+ </para>
+ -->
+ <para>
  Or, you can use the following procedure to install it
  manually. Make a work folder for extracting the .deb into:
-Line 114 
 the binaries.
+Line 135 
 the binaries.
  # zcat /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv
  </screen></informalexample>
+ </para><para>
+ Note that running <command>debootstrap</command> may require you to have
+ a minimal version of <classname>glibc</classname> installed (currently
+ GLIBC_2.3). <command>debootstrap</command> itself is a shell script, but
+ it calls various utilities that require <classname>glibc</classname>.
  </para>
    </sect2>
-Line 125 
 the binaries.
+Line 153 
 the binaries.
  from the archive when you run it. You can substitute any Debian
  archive mirror for <userinput>http.us.debian.org/debian</userinput> in
  the command example below, preferably a mirror close to you
  network-wise. Mirrors are listed at
  <ulink url="http://www.debian.org/misc/README.mirrors"></ulink>.
  </para><para>
-Line 136 
 of the http URL: <userinput>file:/cdrom/
+Line 164 
 of the http URL: <userinput>file:/cdrom/
  </para><para>
  Substitute one of the following for <replaceable>ARCH</replaceable>
  in the <command>debootstrap</command> command:
  <userinput>alpha</userinput>,
  <userinput>arm</userinput>,
  <userinput>hppa</userinput>,
  <userinput>i386</userinput>,
  <userinput>ia64</userinput>,
  <userinput>m68k</userinput>,
  <userinput>mips</userinput>,
  <userinput>mipsel</userinput>,
  <userinput>powerpc</userinput>,
  <userinput>s390</userinput>, or
  <userinput>sparc</userinput>.
-Line 167 
 Now you've got a real Debian system, tho
+Line 195 
 Now you've got a real Debian system, tho
  <command>Chroot</command> into it:
  <informalexample><screen>
- # chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash
+ # LANG= chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash
  </screen></informalexample>
  </para>
-Line 188 
 Here is a sample you can modify to suit:
+Line 216 
 Here is a sample you can modify to suit:
  # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
  #
  # file system    mount point   type    options                  dump pass
- /dev/XXX         /             ext2    defaults                 0    0
+ /dev/XXX         /             ext3    defaults                 0    1
- /dev/XXX         /boot         ext2    ro,nosuid,nodev          0    2
+ /dev/XXX         /boot         ext3    ro,nosuid,nodev          0    2
  /dev/XXX         none          swap    sw                       0    0
  proc             /proc         proc    defaults                 0    0
-Line 197 
 proc             /proc         proc    d
+Line 225 
 proc             /proc         proc    d
  /dev/fd0         /mnt/floppy   auto    noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0    0
  /dev/cdrom       /mnt/cdrom    iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec      0    0
- /dev/XXX         /tmp          ext2    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
+ /dev/XXX         /tmp          ext3    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
- /dev/XXX         /var          ext2    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
+ /dev/XXX         /var          ext3    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
- /dev/XXX         /usr          ext2    rw,nodev                 0    2
+ /dev/XXX         /usr          ext3    rw,nodev                 0    2
- /dev/XXX         /home         ext2    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
+ /dev/XXX         /home         ext3    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
  </screen></informalexample>
  Use <userinput>mount -a</userinput> to mount all the file systems you
-Line 212 
 file systems individually use:
+Line 240 
 file systems individually use:
  </screen></informalexample>
  You can mount the proc file system multiple times and to arbitrary
- locations, though /proc is customary. If you didn't use
+ locations, though <filename>/proc</filename> is customary. If you didn't use
- <userinput>mount -a</userinput>, be sure to mount proc before
+ <userinput>mount -a</userinput>, be sure to mount proc before continuing:
- continuing:
  <informalexample><screen>
  # mount -t proc proc /proc
  </screen></informalexample>
+ </para><para>
+ The command <userinput>ls /proc</userinput> should now show a non-empty
+ directory. Should this fail, you may be able to mount proc from outside
+ the chroot:
+ <informalexample><screen>
+ # mount -t proc proc /mnt/debinst/proc
+ </screen></informalexample>
  </para>
     </sect3>
-Line 233 
 To configure your keyboard:
+Line 270 
 To configure your keyboard:
  # dpkg-reconfigure console-data
  </screen></informalexample>
+ </para><para>
+ Note that the keyboard cannot be set while in the chroot, but will be
+ configured for the next reboot.
  </para>
     </sect3>
-Line 242 
 To configure your keyboard:
+Line 284 
 To configure your keyboard:
  To configure networking, edit
  <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>,
- <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>, and
+ <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>,
- <filename>/etc/hostname</filename>.
+ <filename>/etc/hostname</filename> and
+ <filename>/etc/hosts</filename>.
  <informalexample><screen>
  # editor /etc/network/interfaces
  </screen></informalexample>
  Here are some simple examples from
-Line 255 
 Here are some simple examples from
+Line 298 
 Here are some simple examples from
  <informalexample><screen>
  ######################################################################
  # /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)
  # See the interfaces(5) manpage for information on what options are
  # available.
  ######################################################################
-Line 310 
 interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that y
+Line 353 
 interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that y
     </sect3>
     <sect3>
-    <title>Configure Timezone, Users, and APT</title>
- <para>
- Set your timezone, add a normal user, and choose your <command>apt</command>
- sources by running
- <informalexample><screen>
- # /usr/sbin/base-config new
- </screen></informalexample>
- </para>
-    </sect3>
-    <sect3>
     <title>Configure Locales</title>
  <para>
  To configure your locale settings to use a language other than
- English, install the locales support package and configure it:
+ English, install the <classname>locales</classname> support package
+ and configure it:
  <informalexample><screen>
- # apt-get install locales
+ # aptitude install locales
  # dpkg-reconfigure locales
  </screen></informalexample>
- NOTE: Apt must be configured before, ie. during the base-config phase.
+ NOTE: <classname>apt</classname> must be configured beforehand by creating
+ a sources.list and running <command>aptitude update</command>.
  Before using locales with character sets other than ASCII or latin1,
  please consult the appropriate localization HOWTO.
-Line 351 
 If you intend to boot this system, you p
+Line 382 
 If you intend to boot this system, you p
  and a boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with
  <informalexample><screen>
- # apt-cache search kernel-image
+ # apt-cache search <phrase condition="classic-kpkg">kernel</phrase><phrase condition="common-kpkg">linux</phrase>-image
  </screen></informalexample>
  Then install your choice using its package name.
  <informalexample><screen>
- # apt-get install kernel-image-<replaceable>2.X.X-arch-etc</replaceable>
+ # aptitude install <phrase condition="classic-kpkg">kernel</phrase><phrase condition="common-kpkg">linux</phrase>-image-<replaceable>&kernelversion;-arch-etc</replaceable>
  </screen></informalexample>
  </para>
-Line 368 
 Then install your choice using its packa
+Line 399 
 Then install your choice using its packa
  <para>
  To make your &debian; system bootable, set up your boot loader to load
- the installed kernel with your new root partition. Note that debootstrap
+ the installed kernel with your new root partition. Note that
- does not install a boot loader, though you can use apt-get inside your
+ <command>debootstrap</command> does not install a boot loader, though you
- Debian chroot to do so.
+ can use <command>aptitude</command> inside your Debian chroot to do so.
- </para><para arch="i386">
+ </para><para arch="x86">
  Check <userinput>info grub</userinput> or <userinput>man
  lilo.conf</userinput> for instructions on setting up the
-Line 383 
 add an entry for the Debian install to y
+Line 414 
 add an entry for the Debian install to y
  edit it there. After you are done editing, call lilo (remember it will use
  <filename>lilo.conf</filename> relative to the system you call it from).
- </para><para arch="i386">
+ </para><para arch="x86">
  Here is a basic <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> as an example:
  <informalexample><screen>
  boot=/dev/hda6
  root=/dev/hda6
- install=/boot/boot-menu.b
+ install=menu
  delay=20
  lba32
  image=/vmlinuz
-Line 422 
 image=/vmlinux
+Line 453 
 image=/vmlinux
  label=Debian
  </screen></informalexample>
  On some machines, you may need to use <userinput>ide0:</userinput>
  instead of <userinput>hd:</userinput>.
  </para>
    </sect2>

 Legend:



Removed from v.28245
 


changed lines


 
Added in v.39614
 Legend:



Removed from v.28245
 


changed lines


 
Added in v.39614
-Removed from v.28245
+Added in v.39614

	ViewVC Help
Powered by ViewVC 1.1.5