ca/partitioning/device-names.xml

<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
<!-- $Id: device-names.xml,v 1.2 2003/09/19 02:01:40 toff Exp $ -->


 <sect1 id="device-names">
 <title>Device Names in Linux</title>
<para>

Linux disks and partition names may be different from other operating
systems.  You need to know the names that Linux uses when you create
and mount partitions. Here's the basic naming scheme:

</para>
<itemizedlist>

<![ %not-s390; [
<listitem><para>

The first floppy drive is named ``/dev/fd0''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The second floppy drive is named ``/dev/fd1''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The first SCSI disk (SCSI ID address-wise) is named ``/dev/sda''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The second SCSI disk (address-wise) is named ``/dev/sdb'', and so on.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The first SCSI CD-ROM is named ``/dev/scd0'', also known as ``/dev/sr0''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The master disk on IDE primary controller is named ``/dev/hda''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The slave disk on IDE primary controller is named ``/dev/hdb''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The master and slave disks of the secondary controller can be called
``/dev/hdc'' and ``/dev/hdd'', respectively.  Newer IDE controllers
can actually have two channels, effectively acting like two
controllers.

<![ %m68k; [
The letters may differ from what shows in the mac program pdisk (i.e. what
shows up as /dev/hdc on pdisk may show up as /dev/hda in Debian).
]]>

</para></listitem>

<![ %i386; [
<listitem><para>

The first XT disk is named ``/dev/xda''.

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

The second XT disk is named ``/dev/xdb''.

</para></listitem>
]]>

<![ %m68k; [
<listitem><para>

The first ACSI device is named ``/dev/ada'', the second is named
``/dev/adb''.  

</para></listitem>
]]>

<!-- end of not-s390 --> ]]>

<![ %s390; [
<listitem><para>

The DASD devices are named ``/dev/dasd/xxxx/device'' where xxxx is the
device number in hexadecimal notation.  The kernel that ships with
Debian GNU/Linux uses devfs so the device nodes are created and
removed automatically when DASD are attached or detached.  Please see
chapter 3 in
<ulink url="http://oss.software.ibm.com/developerworks/opensource/linux390/docu/l390dd08.pdf">
Device Drivers and Installation Commands</ulink> for more information about this.

</para></listitem>
]]>

</itemizedlist>

<![ %not-s390; [
<para>

The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal
number to the disk name: ``sda1'' and ``sda2'' represent the first and
second partitions of the first SCSI disk drive in your system.

</para><para>

Here is a real-life example.  Let's assume you have a system with 2
SCSI disks, one at SCSI address 2 and the other at SCSI address 4.
The first disk (at address 2) is then named ``sda'', and the second
``sdb''.  If the ``sda'' drive has 3 partitions on it, these will be
named ``sda1'', ``sda2'', and ``sda3''.  The same applies to the
``sdb'' disk and its partitions.

</para><para>

Note that if you have two SCSI host bus adapters (i.e., controllers),
the order of the drives can get confusing.  The best solution in this
case is to watch the boot messages, assuming you know the drive models
and/or capacities.

</para>
]]>

<![ %i386; [
<para>

Linux represents the primary partitions as the drive name, plus the
numbers 1 through 4.  For example, the first primary partition on the
first IDE drive is <filename>/dev/hda1</filename>.  The logical partitions are
numbered starting at 5, so the first logical partition on that same
drive is <filename>/dev/hda5</filename>.  Remember that the extended
partition, that is, the primary partition holding the logical
partitions, is not usable by itself.  This applies to SCSI disks as
well as IDE disks.

</para>
]]>

<![ %m68k; [
<para>

VMEbus systems using the TEAC FC-1 SCSI floppy drive will see it as normal
SCSI disk. To make identification of the drive simpler the installation
software will create a symbolic link to the appropriate device and name
it ``/dev/sfd0''.

</para>
]]>

<![ %sparc; [
<para>

Sun disk partitions allow for 8 separate partitions (or slices). The
third partition is usually (and is preferred to have) the ``Whole Disk''
partition. This partition references all of the sectors of the disk, and
is used by the boot loader (either SILO, or Sun's).

</para>
]]>

<![ %s390; [
<para>

&arch-title; disk partitions allow for 3 separate partitions. They are called
/dev/dasd/xxxx/part1, /dev/dasd/xxxx/part2 and /dev/dasd/xxxx/part3.

</para>
]]>

 </sect1>
1	toff	4070	<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
2			<!-- $Id: device-names.xml,v 1.2 2003/09/19 02:01:40 toff Exp $ -->
3	toff	3316
4	toff	4070
5	toff	3316	<sect1 id="device-names">
6			<title>Device Names in Linux</title>
7			<para>
8
9			Linux disks and partition names may be different from other operating
10			systems. You need to know the names that Linux uses when you create
11			and mount partitions. Here's the basic naming scheme:
12
13			</para>
14			<itemizedlist>
15
16			<![ %not-s390; [
17			<listitem><para>
18
19			The first floppy drive is named ``/dev/fd0''.
20
21			</para></listitem>
22			<listitem><para>
23
24			The second floppy drive is named ``/dev/fd1''.
25
26			</para></listitem>
27			<listitem><para>
28
29			The first SCSI disk (SCSI ID address-wise) is named ``/dev/sda''.
30
31			</para></listitem>
32			<listitem><para>
33
34			The second SCSI disk (address-wise) is named ``/dev/sdb'', and so on.
35
36			</para></listitem>
37			<listitem><para>
38
39			The first SCSI CD-ROM is named ``/dev/scd0'', also known as ``/dev/sr0''.
40
41			</para></listitem>
42			<listitem><para>
43
44			The master disk on IDE primary controller is named ``/dev/hda''.
45
46			</para></listitem>
47			<listitem><para>
48
49			The slave disk on IDE primary controller is named ``/dev/hdb''.
50
51			</para></listitem>
52			<listitem><para>
53
54			The master and slave disks of the secondary controller can be called
55			``/dev/hdc'' and ``/dev/hdd'', respectively. Newer IDE controllers
56			can actually have two channels, effectively acting like two
57			controllers.
58
59			<![ %m68k; [
60			The letters may differ from what shows in the mac program pdisk (i.e. what
61			shows up as /dev/hdc on pdisk may show up as /dev/hda in Debian).
62			]]>
63
64			</para></listitem>
65
66			<![ %i386; [
67			<listitem><para>
68
69			The first XT disk is named ``/dev/xda''.
70
71			</para></listitem>
72			<listitem><para>
73
74			The second XT disk is named ``/dev/xdb''.
75
76			</para></listitem>
77			]]>
78
79			<![ %m68k; [
80			<listitem><para>
81
82			The first ACSI device is named ``/dev/ada'', the second is named
83			``/dev/adb''.
84
85			</para></listitem>
86			]]>
87
88			<!-- end of not-s390 --> ]]>
89
90			<![ %s390; [
91			<listitem><para>
92
93			The DASD devices are named ``/dev/dasd/xxxx/device'' where xxxx is the
94			device number in hexadecimal notation. The kernel that ships with
95			Debian GNU/Linux uses devfs so the device nodes are created and
96			removed automatically when DASD are attached or detached. Please see
97			chapter 3 in
98			<ulink url="http://oss.software.ibm.com/developerworks/opensource/linux390/docu/l390dd08.pdf">
99			Device Drivers and Installation Commands</ulink> for more information about this.
100
101			</para></listitem>
102			]]>
103
104			</itemizedlist>
105
106			<![ %not-s390; [
107			<para>
108
109			The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal
110			number to the disk name: ``sda1'' and ``sda2'' represent the first and
111			second partitions of the first SCSI disk drive in your system.
112
113			</para><para>
114
115			Here is a real-life example. Let's assume you have a system with 2
116			SCSI disks, one at SCSI address 2 and the other at SCSI address 4.
117			The first disk (at address 2) is then named ``sda'', and the second
118			``sdb''. If the ``sda'' drive has 3 partitions on it, these will be
119			named ``sda1'', ``sda2'', and ``sda3''. The same applies to the
120			``sdb'' disk and its partitions.
121
122			</para><para>
123
124			Note that if you have two SCSI host bus adapters (i.e., controllers),
125			the order of the drives can get confusing. The best solution in this
126			case is to watch the boot messages, assuming you know the drive models
127			and/or capacities.
128
129			</para>
130			]]>
131
132			<![ %i386; [
133			<para>
134
135			Linux represents the primary partitions as the drive name, plus the
136			numbers 1 through 4. For example, the first primary partition on the
137			first IDE drive is <filename>/dev/hda1</filename>. The logical partitions are
138			numbered starting at 5, so the first logical partition on that same
139			drive is <filename>/dev/hda5</filename>. Remember that the extended
140			partition, that is, the primary partition holding the logical
141			partitions, is not usable by itself. This applies to SCSI disks as
142			well as IDE disks.
143
144			</para>
145			]]>
146
147			<![ %m68k; [
148			<para>
149
150			VMEbus systems using the TEAC FC-1 SCSI floppy drive will see it as normal
151			SCSI disk. To make identification of the drive simpler the installation
152			software will create a symbolic link to the appropriate device and name
153			it ``/dev/sfd0''.
154
155			</para>
156			]]>
157
158			<![ %sparc; [
159			<para>
160
161			Sun disk partitions allow for 8 separate partitions (or slices). The
162			third partition is usually (and is preferred to have) the ``Whole Disk''
163			partition. This partition references all of the sectors of the disk, and
164			is used by the boot loader (either SILO, or Sun's).
165
166			</para>
167			]]>
168
169			<![ %s390; [
170			<para>
171
172			&arch-title; disk partitions allow for 3 separate partitions. They are called
173			/dev/dasd/xxxx/part1, /dev/dasd/xxxx/part2 and /dev/dasd/xxxx/part3.
174
175			</para>
176			]]>
177
178			</sect1>