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<sect2 arch="ia64"><title>Booting from a CD-ROM</title>
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&boot-installer-intro-cd.xml;
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<note>
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<title>CD Contents</title>
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<para>
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There are three basic variations of Debian Install CDs.
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The <emphasis>Business Card</emphasis> CD has a minimal installation
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that will fit on the small form factor CD media.
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It requires a network connection in order to install the rest of the
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base installation and make a usable system.
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The <emphasis>Network Install</emphasis> CD has all of the packages
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for a base install but requires a network connection to a Debian
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mirror site in order to install the
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extra packages one would want for a complete system .
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The set of Debian CDs can install a complete system from the wide
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range of packages without needing access to the network.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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The IA-64 architecture uses the next generation Extensible Firmware Interface
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(EFI) from Intel.
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Unlike the traditional x86 BIOS which knows little about the boot
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device other than the partition table and Master Boot Record (MBR),
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EFI can read and write files from FAT16 or FAT32 formatted disk
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partitions.
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This simplifies the often arcane process of starting a system.
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The system boot loader and the EFI firmware that supports it have
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a full filesystem to store the files necessary for booting the
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machine.
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This means that the system disk on an IA-64 system has an additional
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disk partition dedicated to EFI instead of the simple MBR or boot
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block on more conventional systems.
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</para><para>
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The Debian Installer CD contains a small EFI partition where the
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<command>ELILO</command> bootloader, its configuration file, the installer's
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kernel, and initial filesystem (initrd) are located.
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The running system also contains an EFI partition where the necessary
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files for booting the system reside.
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These files are readable from the EFI Shell as described below.
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</para><para>
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Most of the details of how <command>ELILO</command> actually loads and
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starts a system are transparent to the system installer.
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However, the installer must set up an EFI partition prior to installing
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the base system. Otherwise, the installation of <command>ELILO</command>
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will fail, rendering the system un-bootable.
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The EFI partition is allocated and formatted in the partitioning step
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of the installation prior to loading any packages on the system disk.
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The partitioning task also verifies that a suitable EFI partition is
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present before allowing the installation to proceed.
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</para><para>
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The EFI Boot Manager is presented as the last step of the firmware
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initialization.
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It displays a menu list from which the user can select
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an option.
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Depending on the model of system and what other software has been
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loaded on the system, this menu may be different from one system
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to another.
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There should be at least two menu items displayed,
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<command>Boot Option Maintenance Menu</command> and
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<command>EFI Shell (Built-in)</command>.
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Using the first option is preferred, however, if that
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option is not available or the CD for some reason does not
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boot with it, use the second option.
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</para>
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<warning>
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<title>IMPORTANT</title>
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<para>
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The EFI Boot Manager will select a default boot action, typically
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the first menu choice, within a pre-set number of seconds.
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This is indicated by a countdown at the bottom of the screen.
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Once the timer expires and the systems starts the default action,
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you may have to reboot the machine in order to continue the installation.
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If the default action is the EFI Shell, you can return to the Boot Manager
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by running <command>exit</command> at the shell prompt.
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</para>
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</warning>
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<sect3 arch="ia64" id="bootable-cd">
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<title>Option 1: Booting from the Boot Option Maintenance Menu</title>
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<para>
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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Insert the CD in the DVD/CD drive and reboot the machine.
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The firmware will display the EFI Boot Manager page and menu after
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it completes its system initialization.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Select <command>Boot Maintenance Menu</command> from the menu
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with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
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This will display a new menu.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Select <command>Boot From a File</command> from the menu
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with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
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This will display a list of devices probed by the firmware.
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You should see two menu lines containing either the label
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<command>Debian Inst [Acpi ...</command> or
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<command>Removable Media Boot</command>.
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If you examine the rest of the menu line, you will notice that
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the device and controller information should be the same.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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You can choose either of the entries that refer to the CD/DVD
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drive.
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Select your choice with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
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If you choose <command>Removable Media Boot</command> the machine
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will immediately start the boot load sequence.
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If you choose <command>Debian Inst [Acpi ...</command> instead, it
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will display a directory listing of the bootable portion of the
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CD, requiring you to proceed to the next (additional) step.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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You will only need this step if you chose
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<command>Debian Inst [Acpi ...</command>.
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The directory listing will also show
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<command>[Treat like Removable Media Boot]</command> on the next to
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the last line.
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Select this line with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
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This will start the boot load sequence.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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These steps start the Debian boot loader which will display a
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menu page for you to select a boot kernel and options.
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Proceed to selecting the boot kernel and options.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 arch="ia64" id="boot-with-efi">
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<title>Option 2: Booting from the EFI Shell</title>
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<para>
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If, for some reason, option 1 is not successful, reboot the machine
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and when the EFI Boot Manager screen appears there should be
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one option called <command>EFI Shell [Built-in]</command>.
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Boot the Debian Installer CD with the following steps:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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Insert the CD in the DVD/CD drive and reboot the machine.
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The firmware will display the EFI Boot Manager page and menu after
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it completes system initialization.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Select <command>EFI Shell</command> from the menu with the arrow keys
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and press <command>ENTER</command>.
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The EFI Shell will scan all of the bootable devices and display
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them to the console before displaying its command prompt.
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The recognized bootable partitions on devices will show a device name of
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<filename>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis>:</filename>.
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All other recognized partitions will be named
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<filename>blk<emphasis>n</emphasis>:</filename>.
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If you inserted the CD just before entering the shell, this may
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take a few extra seconds as it initializes the CD drive.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Examine the output from the shell looking for the CDROM drive.
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It is most likely the <filename>fs0:</filename> device although
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other devices with bootable partitions will also show up as
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<filename>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis></filename>.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Enter <command>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis>:</command> and press
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<command>ENTER</command> to select that
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device where <emphasis>n</emphasis> is the partition number for the
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CDROM. The shell will now display the partition number as its prompt.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Enter <command>elilo</command> and press <command>ENTER</command>.
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This will start the boot load sequence.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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As with option 1, these steps start the Debian boot loader which will
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display a menu page for you to select a boot kernel and options.
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You can also enter the shorter
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<command>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis>:elilo</command> command at
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the shell prompt.
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Proceed to selecting the boot kernel and options.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 arch="ia64" id="kernel-option-menu">
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<title>Selecting the Boot Kernel and Options</title>
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<para>
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The boot loader will display a form with a menu list and a text
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window with a <classname>Boot:</classname> prompt.
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The arrow keys select an item from the menu and any text typed
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at the keyboard will appear in the text window.
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There are also help screens which can be displayed by pressing
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the appropriate function key.
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The <classname>General</classname> help screen explains the menu
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choices and the <classname>Params</classname> screen explains
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the common command line options.
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</para>
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<title>Serial Console</title>
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<para>
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You may choose to perform an install using a monitor and keyboard
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or using a serial connection. To use a monitor/keyboard setup,
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select an option containing the string [VGA console]. To install
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over a serial connection, choose an option containing the string
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[<replaceable>BAUD</replaceable> baud serial console], where
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<replaceable>BAUD</replaceable> is the speed of your serial console.
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Menu items for the most typical baud rate settings on the ttyS0
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device are preconfigured.
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</para>
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<para>
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In most circumstances, you will want the installer to use the same
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baud rate as your connection to the EFI console. If you aren't
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sure what this setting is, you can obtain it using the command
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<command>baud</command> at the EFI shell.
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</para>
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<para>
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If there is not an option available that is configured for the serial
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device or baud rate you would like to use, you may override the console setting
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for one of the existing menu options. For example, to use a
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57600 baud console over the ttyS1 device, enter
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<command>console=ttyS1,57600n8</command> into
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the <classname>Boot:</classname> text window.
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</para>
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<note><para>
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Most IA-64 boxes ship with a default console setting of 9600 baud.
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This setting is rather slow, and the normal installation process
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will take a significant time to draw each screen. You should consider
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either increasing the baud rate used for performing the installation,
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or performing a Text Mode installation. See the <classname>Params</classname>
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help menu for instructions on starting the installer in Text Mode.
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</para></note>
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<warning><para>
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If you select the wrong console type, you
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will be able to select the kernel and enter parameters but both
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the display and your input will go dead as soon as the kernel starts,
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requiring you to reboot before you can begin the installation.
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</para></warning>
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<para>
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Consult the <classname>General</classname> help screen for the
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description of the kernels and install modes most appropriate
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for your installation.
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You should also consult <xref linkend="boot-parms"/> below for any additional
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parameters that you may want to set in the <classname>Boot:</classname>
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text window.
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The kernel version you choose selects the kernel version that will be
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used for both the installation process and the installed system.
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If you encounter kernel problems with the installation, you may also
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have those same problems with the system you install.
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The following two steps will select and start the install:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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Select the kernel version and installation mode most
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appropriate to your needs with the arrow keys.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Enter any boot parameters by typing at the keyboard.
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The text will be displayed directly in the text window.
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This is where kernel parameters (such as serial console
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settings) are specified.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Press <command>ENTER</command>. This will load and start the
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kernel.
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The kernel will display its usual initialization messages followed
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by the first screen of the Debian Installer.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<para>
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Proceed to the next chapter to continue the installation where you will
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set up the language locale, network, and disk partitions.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 arch="ia64" id="boot-tftp"><title>Booting with TFTP</title>
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<para>
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Booting an IA64 system from the network is similar to a CD boot.
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The only difference is how the installation kernel is loaded.
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The EFI Boot Manager can load and start programs from a server on
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the network.
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Once the installation kernel is loaded and starts, the system install
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will proceed thru the same steps as the CD install with the exception
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that the packages of the base install will be loaded from the network
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rather than the CD drive.
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</para>
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&boot-installer-intro-net.xml;
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<para>
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Network booting an ia64 system requires two architecture-specific actions.
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On the boot server, DHCP and TFTP must be configured to deliver
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<command>elilo</command>.
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On the client a new boot option must be defined in the EFI boot manager
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to enable loading over a network.
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</para>
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<sect3 arch="ia64" id="boot-tftp-server">
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<title>Configuring the Server</title>
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<para>
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A suitable TFTP entry for network booting an ia64 system looks something
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like this:
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<informalexample><screen>
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host mcmuffin {
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hardware ethernet 00:30:6e:1e:0e:83;
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fixed-address 10.0.0.21;
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filename "debian-installer/ia64/elilo.efi";
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}
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</screen></informalexample>
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Note that the goal is to get <command>elilo.efi</command> running on
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the client.
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</para><para>
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Extract the <filename>netboot.tar.gz</filename> file into the directory used
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as the root for your tftp server. Typical tftp root directories include
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<filename>/var/lib/tftp</filename> and <filename>/tftpboot</filename>.
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This will create a <filename>debian-installer</filename> directory
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tree containing the boot files for an IA-64 system.
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</para><para>
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<informalexample><screen>
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# cd /var/lib/tftp
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# tar xvfz /home/user/netboot.tar.gz
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./
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./debian-installer/
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./debian-installer/ia64/
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[...]
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</screen></informalexample>
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The <filename>netboot.tar.gz</filename> contains an
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<filename>elilo.conf</filename> file that should work for most configurations.
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However, should you need to make changes to this file, you can find it in the
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<filename>debian-installer/ia64/</filename> directory.
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It is possible to have different config files for different clients by naming
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them using the client's IP address in hex with the suffix
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<filename>.conf</filename> instead of <filename>elilo.conf</filename>.
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See documentation provided in the <classname>elilo</classname> package
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for details.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 arch="ia64" id="boot-tftp-client">
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<title>Configuring the Client</title>
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<para>
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To configure the client to support TFTP booting, start by booting to
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EFI and entering the <guimenu>Boot Option Maintenance Menu</guimenu>.
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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Add a boot option.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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You should see one or more lines with the text
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<guimenuitem>Load File [Acpi()/.../Mac()]</guimenuitem>. If more
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than one of these entries exist, choose the one containing the
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MAC address of the interface from which you'll be booting.
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Use the arrow keys to highlight your choice, then press enter.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Name the entry <userinput>Netboot</userinput> or something similar,
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save, and exit back to the boot options menu.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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You should see the new boot option you just created, and selecting it
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should initiate a DHCP query, leading to a TFTP load of
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<filename>elilo.efi</filename> from the server.
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</para><para>
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The boot loader will display its prompt after it has downloaded and
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processed its configuration file.
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At this point, the installation proceeds with the same steps as a
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CD install. Select a boot option as in above and when the kernel
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has completed installing itself from the network, it will start the
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Debian Installer.
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</para><para>
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Proceed to the next chapter to continue the installation where
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you will set up the language locale, network, and the disk partitions.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
|
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