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Manual: Update of Dutch translation
1 <!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
2 <!-- original version: 18974 untranslated -->
3
4 <sect2 arch="ia64"><title>Booting from a CD-ROM</title>
5
6 &boot-installer-intro-cd.xml;
7
8 <note>
9 <title>CD Contents</title>
10
11 <para>
12
13 There are three basic variations of Debian Install CDs.
14 The <emphasis>Business Card</emphasis> CD has a minimal installation
15 that will fit on the small form factor CD media.
16 It requires a network connection in order to install the rest of the
17 base installation and make a usable system.
18 The <emphasis>Network Install</emphasis> CD has all of the packages
19 for a base install but requires a network connection to a Debian
20 mirror site in order to install the
21 extra packages one would want for a complete system .
22 The set of Debian CDs can install a complete system from the wide
23 range of packages without needing access to the network.
24 </para>
25 </note>
26
27 <para>
28
29 The IA-64 uses the next generation Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI)
30 from Intel.
31 Unlike the traditional x86 BIOS which knows little about the boot
32 device other than the partition table and Master Boot Record (MBR),
33 the EFI can read and write files from FAT16 or FAT32 formatted disk
34 partitions.
35 This simplifies the often arcane process of starting a system.
36 The system boot loader and the EFI firmware that supports it have
37 a full filesystem to store the files necessary for booting the
38 machine.
39 This means that the system disk on an IA-64 system has an additional
40 disk partition dedicated to the EFI instead of the simple MBR or boot
41 block on more conventional systems.
42
43 </para><para>
44
45 The Debian CD contains a small version of the EFI partition where
46 <command>elilo</command>, its configuration file, the installer's kernel,
47 and initial filesystem (initrd) are located.
48 The running system also contains an EFI partition where the necessary
49 files for booting the system reside.
50 These files are readable from the EFI Shell as described below.
51
52 </para><para>
53
54 Most of the details of how the <command>elilo</command> actually loads and
55 starts a system for the most part transparent to the system installer.
56 However, the installer must set up an EFI partition prior to installing
57 the base system. Otherwise, the installation of <command>elilo</command>
58 will fail, rendering the system un-bootable.
59 The EFI partition is allocated and formatted in the partitioning step
60 of the installation prior to loading any packages on the system disk.
61 The partitioning task also verifies that a suitable EFI partition is
62 present before allowing the installation to proceed.
63
64 </para><para>
65
66 The EFI Boot Manager is started as the last step of the firmware
67 initialization.
68 It displays a menu list from which the user can select
69 an option.
70 Depending on the model of system and what other software has been
71 loaded on the system, this menu may be different from one system
72 to another.
73 There should be two menu items displayed,
74 <command>Boot Option Maintenance Menu</command> and
75 <command>EFI Shell (Built-in)</command>.
76 Using the first option is preferred, however, if that
77 option is not available or the CD for some reason does not
78 boot with it, use the second option.
79
80 </para>
81
82 <warning>
83 <title>IMPORTANT</title>
84 <para>
85 The EFI Boot Manager will select a default boot action, typically
86 the first menu choice, within a pre-set number of seconds.
87 This is indicated by a countdown at the bottom of the screen.
88 Once the timer expires and the systems starts the default action,
89 you will have to reboot the machine in order to continue the installation.
90 </para>
91 </warning>
92
93 <sect3 arch="ia64" id="bootable-cd">
94 <title>Option 1: Booting from the Boot Option Maintenance Menu</title>
95 <para>
96
97 </para>
98
99 <itemizedlist>
100
101 <listitem><para>
102 Insert the CD in the DVD/CD drive and reboot the machine.
103 The firmware will display the EFI Boot Manager page and menu after
104 it completes its system initialization.
105 </para></listitem>
106
107 <listitem><para>
108 Select <command>Boot Maintenance Menu</command> from the menu
109 with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
110 This will display a new menu.
111 </para></listitem>
112
113 <listitem><para>
114 Select <command>Boot From a File</command> from the menu
115 with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
116 This will display a list of devices probed by the firmware.
117 You should see two menu lines containing either the label
118 <command>Debian Inst [Acpi ...</command> or
119 <command>Removable Media Boot</command>.
120 If you examine the rest of the menu line, you will notice that
121 the device and controller information should be the same.
122 </para></listitem>
123
124 <listitem><para>
125 You can choose either of the entries that refer to the CD/DVD
126 drive.
127 Select your choice with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
128 If you choose <command>Removable Media Boot</command> the machine
129 will immediately start the boot load sequence.
130 If you choose <command>Debian Inst [Acpi ...</command> instead, it
131 will display a directory listing of the bootable portion of the
132 CD, requiring you to proceed to the next (additional) step.
133 </para></listitem>
134
135 <listitem><para>
136 You will only need this step if you chose
137 <command>Debian Inst [Acpi ...</command>.
138 The directory listing will also show
139 <command>[Treat like Removable Media Boot]</command> on the next to
140 the last line.
141 Select this line with the arrow keys and press <command>ENTER</command>.
142 This will start the boot load sequence.
143 </para></listitem>
144
145 </itemizedlist>
146
147 <para>
148
149 These steps start the Debian boot loader which will display a
150 menu page for you to select a boot kernel and options.
151 Proceed to selecting the boot kernel and options.
152
153 </para>
154 </sect3>
155
156 <sect3 arch="ia64" id="boot-with-efi">
157 <title>Option 2: Booting from the EFI Shell</title>
158 <para>
159
160 If, for some reason, option 1 is not successful, reboot the machine
161 and when the EFI Boot Manager screen appears there should be
162 one option called <command>EFI Shell [Built-in]</command>.
163 Boot the Debian Installer CD with the following steps:
164
165 </para>
166
167 <itemizedlist>
168
169 <listitem><para>
170 Insert the CD in the DVD/CD drive and reboot the machine.
171 The firmware will display the EFI Boot Manager page and menu after
172 it completes system initialization.
173 </para></listitem>
174
175 <listitem><para>
176 Select <command>EFI Shell</command> from the menu with the arrow keys
177 and press <command>ENTER</command>.
178 The EFI Shell will scan all of the bootable devices and display
179 them to the console before displaying its command prompt.
180 The recognized bootable partitions on devices will show a device name of
181 <filename>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis>:</filename>.
182 All other recognized partitions will be named
183 <filename>blk<emphasis>n</emphasis>:</filename>.
184 If you inserted the CD just before entering the shell, this may
185 take a few extra seconds as it initializes the CD drive.
186 </para>
187 </listitem>
188
189 <listitem><para>
190 Examine the output from the shell looking for the CDROM drive.
191 It is most likely the <filename>fs0:</filename> device although
192 other devices with bootable partitions will also show up as
193 <filename>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis></filename>.
194 </para></listitem>
195
196 <listitem><para>
197 Enter <command>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis>:</command> and press
198 <command>ENTER</command> to select that
199 device where <emphasis>n</emphasis> is the partition number for the
200 CDROM. The shell will now display the partition number as its prompt.
201 </para></listitem>
202
203 <listitem><para>
204 Enter <command>elilo</command> and press <command>ENTER</command>.
205 This will start the boot load sequence.
206 </para></listitem>
207
208 </itemizedlist>
209
210 <para>
211
212 As with option 1, these steps start the Debian boot loader which will
213 display a menu page for you to select a boot kernel and options.
214 You can also enter the shorter
215 <command>fs<emphasis>n</emphasis>:elilo</command> command at
216 the shell prompt.
217 Proceed to selecting the boot kernel and options.
218
219 </para>
220
221 </sect3>
222
223 <sect3 arch="ia64" id="kernel-option-menu">
224 <title>Selecting the Boot Kernel and Options</title>
225
226 <para>
227
228 The boot loader will display a form with a menu list and a text
229 window with a <classname>Boot:</classname> prompt.
230 The arrow keys select an item from the menu and any text typed
231 at the keyboard will appear in the text window.
232 There are also help screens which can be displayed by pressing
233 the appropriate function key.
234 The <classname>General</classname> help screen explains the menu
235 choices and the <classname>Params</classname> screen explains
236 the common command line options.
237
238 </para>
239
240 <warning>
241 <title>Serial Console</title>
242 <para>
243
244 Some IA64 platforms have both a serial console and a keyboard and
245 video card which can be configured in the EFI firmware to be
246 the system console.
247 The EFI console is capable of displaying and accepting input from
248 both the keyboard and video and the serial port.
249 The Linux kernel will take the keyboard and video devices as its
250 default console if it detects a keyboard during its initialization.
251 You will have to enable the serial console in the EFI boot
252 manager and enter
253 <command>console=ttyS0,9600n8</command> into
254 the <classname>Boot:</classname> text window to install via
255 the serial console.
256 If you are using a serial console and forget to set it in the
257 command line, you
258 will be able to select the kernel and enter parameters but both
259 the display and your input will go dead as soon as the kernel starts,
260 requiring you to either reboot if your system does not have a keyboard
261 and video display installed.
262 </para></warning>
263
264 <para>
265
266 Consult the <classname>General</classname> help screen for the
267 description of the kernels and install modes most appropriate
268 for your installation.
269 You should also consult <xref linkend="boot-parms"/> below for any additional
270 parameters that you may want to set in the <classname>Boot:</classname>
271 text window.
272 The kernel version you choose selects the kernel version that will be
273 used for both the installation process and the installed system.
274 If you encounter kernel problems with the installation, you may also
275 have those same problems with the system you install.
276 The following two steps will select and start the install:
277
278 </para>
279
280 <itemizedlist>
281
282 <listitem><para>
283 Select the kernel version and installation mode most
284 appropriate to your needs with the arrow keys.
285 </para></listitem>
286
287 <listitem><para>
288 Enter any boot parameters by typing at the keyboard.
289 The text will be displayed directly in the text window.
290 This is where the serial console is set.
291 </para></listitem>
292
293 <listitem><para>
294 Press <command>ENTER</command>. This will load and start the
295 kernel.
296 The kernel will display its usual initialization messages followed
297 by the first screen of the Debian Installer.
298 </para></listitem>
299
300 </itemizedlist>
301
302 </sect3>
303
304 <para>
305
306 Proceed to the next chapter to continue the installation where you will
307 set up the language locale, network, and disk partitions.
308
309 </para>
310 </sect2>
311
312 <sect2 arch="ia64" id="boot-tftp"><title>Booting with TFTP</title>
313
314 <para>
315 Booting an IA64 system from the network is similar to a CD boot.
316 The only difference is how the installation kernel is loaded.
317 The EFI Boot Manager can load and start programs from servers on
318 the network.
319 Once the installation kernel is loaded and starts, the system install
320 will proceed thru the same steps as the CD install with the exception
321 that the packages of the base install will be loaded from the network
322 rather than the CD drive.
323
324 </para>
325
326 &boot-installer-intro-net.xml;
327
328 <para>
329
330 Network booting an ia64 system requires two architecture-specific actions.
331 On the boot server, DHCP and TFTP must be configured to deliver
332 <command>elilo</command>.
333 On the client a new boot option must be defined in the EFI boot manager
334 to enable loading over a network.
335
336 </para>
337
338 <sect3 arch="ia64" id="boot-tftp-server">
339 <title>Configuring the Server</title>
340 <para>
341
342 A suitable TFTP entry for network booting an ia64 system looks something
343 like this:
344
345 <informalexample><screen>
346
347 host mcmuffin {
348 hardware ethernet 00:30:6e:1e:0e:83;
349 fixed-address 10.0.0.21;
350 filename "elilo.efi";
351 }
352
353 </screen></informalexample>
354
355 Note that the goal is to get <command>elilo.efi</command> running on
356 the client.
357
358 </para><para>
359
360 Create an <filename>ia64/</filename> subdirectory in your tftpboot
361 directory, and populate it with the <filename>vmlinuz</filename> and
362 <filename>initrd.gz</filename> files from the Debian installer netboot
363 directory.
364
365 </para><para>
366
367 Copy <filename>elilo.efi</filename> to your tftpboot directory and
368 make it world readable. This file can usually be found in the elilo
369 package in IA64 distributions, or in
370 <filename>/usr/lib/elilo</filename> or in a subdirectory of
371 <filename>/boot/efi</filename>. A suitable copy is provided in the
372 Debian installer netboot directory.
373
374 </para><para>
375
376 Create an <filename>elilo.conf</filename> file in your tftpboot
377 directory. This will
378 be loaded by <command>elilo.efi</command> once it is running on the
379 client, and controls what
380 happens next, including the choice of kernel, initrd image, etc. An
381 example file is provided in the Debian installer netboot directory, review
382 the contents and update as needed for your choice of paths, etc.
383
384 It is possible to have different config files for different clients by naming
385 them using the client's IP address in hex with the suffix
386 <filename>.conf</filename> instead of <filename>elilo.conf</filename>.
387 See documentation provided in the <classname>elilo</classname> package
388 for details.
389
390 </para>
391 </sect3>
392
393 <sect3 arch="ia64" id="boot-tftp-client">
394 <title>Configuring the Client</title>
395 <para>
396
397 To configure the client to support TFTP booting, start by booting to
398 EFI and entering the <guimenu>Boot Option Maintenance Menu</guimenu>.
399
400 <itemizedlist>
401 <listitem><para>
402
403 Add a boot option.
404
405 </para></listitem>
406 <listitem><para>
407
408 Select the line saying <guimenuitem>Load File
409 [Acpi()/.../Mac()]</guimenuitem> and press &enterkey;.
410
411 </para></listitem>
412 <listitem><para>
413
414 Name the entry <userinput>Netboot</userinput> or something similar,
415 save, and exit back to the boot options menu.
416
417 </para></listitem>
418 </itemizedlist>
419
420 You should see the new boot option you just created, and selecting it
421 should initiate a DHCP query, leading to a TFTP load of
422 <filename>elilo.efi</filename> from the server.
423
424 </para><para>
425
426 The boot loader will display its prompt after it has downloaded and
427 processed its configuration file.
428 At this point, the installation proceeds with the same steps as a
429 CD install. Select a boot option as in above and when the kernel
430 has completed installing itself from the network, it will start the
431 Debian Installer.
432
433 </para><para>
434
435 Proceed to the next chapter to continue the installation where
436 you will set up the language locale, network, and the disk partitions.
437
438 </para>
439 </sect3>
440 </sect2>

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